diff --git a/.idea/.gitignore b/.idea/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b58b603
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.idea/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Default ignored files
+/shelf/
+/workspace.xml
+# Editor-based HTTP Client requests
+/httpRequests/
diff --git a/.idea/workspace.xml b/.idea/workspace.xml
deleted file mode 100644
index da8fac3..0000000
--- a/.idea/workspace.xml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,317 +0,0 @@
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-  <component name="CargoProjects">
-    <cargoProject FILE="$PROJECT_DIR$/Cargo.toml" />
-  </component>
-  <component name="ChangeListManager">
-<<<<<<< Updated upstream
-    <list default="true" id="9bcba7c5-ac1d-4216-959a-63faee7047bc" name="Changes" comment="">
-      <change beforePath="$PROJECT_DIR$/gemma/src/chip8/video.rs" beforeDir="false" afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/gemma/src/chip8/video.rs" afterDir="false" />
-      <change beforePath="$PROJECT_DIR$/gemmaimgui/src/bin/support/emmagui_support.rs" beforeDir="false" afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/gemmaimgui/src/bin/support/emmagui_support.rs" afterDir="false" />
-    </list>
-=======
-    <list default="true" id="9bcba7c5-ac1d-4216-959a-63faee7047bc" name="Changes" comment="" />
->>>>>>> Stashed changes
-    <option name="SHOW_DIALOG" value="false" />
-    <option name="HIGHLIGHT_CONFLICTS" value="true" />
-    <option name="HIGHLIGHT_NON_ACTIVE_CHANGELIST" value="false" />
-    <option name="LAST_RESOLUTION" value="IGNORE" />
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-  <component name="FileTemplateManagerImpl">
-    <option name="RECENT_TEMPLATES">
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-    <option name="RECENT_GIT_ROOT_PATH" value="$PROJECT_DIR$" />
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-  <component name="MacroExpansionManager">
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-  <component name="ProjectColorInfo">{
-  &quot;associatedIndex&quot;: 8
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-    <option name="hideEmptyMiddlePackages" value="true" />
-    <option name="showLibraryContents" value="true" />
-  </component>
-  <component name="PropertiesComponent">{
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-    &quot;Cargo.Build `Run gemmaegui`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
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-    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test chip8::util::test::ubln`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test chip8::video::test::poke_byte_test`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test chip8::video::test::poke_byte`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test chip8::video::test::scroll_down_1_row_test`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test computer::test`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-<<<<<<< Updated upstream
-    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test instructions::test (1)`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test instructions::test`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
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-=======
-    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test computer_dump_registers_to_string`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
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-    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test instructions::test`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
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-    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test video::test`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
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->>>>>>> Stashed changes
-    &quot;Cargo.Run emmagui.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Run gemmaegui.executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
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-    &quot;Cargo.Run gemmaimgui.executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Run trevors_chip8_toy.executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
-<<<<<<< Updated upstream
-    &quot;Cargo.Test ch8asm::test.executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
-=======
->>>>>>> Stashed changes
-    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::computer::test::cls_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::computer::test::decoder_test_valid_instructions.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
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-    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::LdiAddr_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
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-    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::SneVxVy_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::decoder_test_invalid_instructions.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::draw_nibble_vx_vy_n_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::encode_decode_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::random_produces_different_numbers.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::series4000_corex_tests.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::series8xy4_corex_tests.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
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-    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::shl_vx_vy_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::subn_vx_vy_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::util::test::bool_to_byte_changes.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::util::test::byte_to_bool_changes.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::util::test::ubln.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::video::test::poke_byte.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::video::test::poke_byte_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::video::test::poke_sprite_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::video::test::reset_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::video::test::scroll_down_10_row_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::video::test::scroll_down_1_row_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::video::test::write_checkboard.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test computer::test.executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
-<<<<<<< Updated upstream
-    &quot;Cargo.Test instruction_tests.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test instructions::test (1).executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test instructions::test.executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
-=======
-    &quot;Cargo.Test computer_dump_registers_to_string.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test encode_decode_name_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test instructions::test (1).executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test instructions::test.executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test instructions_name_tests.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
->>>>>>> Stashed changes
-    &quot;Cargo.Test sound_timer::test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test util::test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
-    &quot;Cargo.Test video::test.executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
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-    &quot;RunOnceActivity.rust.reset.selective.auto.import&quot;: &quot;true&quot;,
-    &quot;git-widget-placeholder&quot;: &quot;master&quot;,
-    &quot;last_opened_file_path&quot;: &quot;/home/tmerritt/Projects/chip8_toy/gemmaimgui&quot;,
-    &quot;node.js.detected.package.eslint&quot;: &quot;true&quot;,
-    &quot;node.js.selected.package.eslint&quot;: &quot;(autodetect)&quot;,
-    &quot;nodejs_package_manager_path&quot;: &quot;npm&quot;,
-    &quot;org.rust.cargo.project.model.PROJECT_DISCOVERY&quot;: &quot;true&quot;,
-    &quot;org.rust.cargo.project.model.impl.CargoExternalSystemProjectAware.subscribe.first.balloon&quot;: &quot;&quot;,
-    &quot;org.rust.first.attach.projects&quot;: &quot;true&quot;,
-    &quot;settings.editor.selected.configurable&quot;: &quot;advanced.settings&quot;
-  },
-  &quot;keyToStringList&quot;: {
-    &quot;com.intellij.ide.scratch.ScratchImplUtil$2/New Scratch File&quot;: [
-      &quot;TEXT&quot;
-    ]
-  }
-}</component>
-  <component name="RecentsManager">
-    <key name="CopyFile.RECENT_KEYS">
-      <recent name="$PROJECT_DIR$/gemmaimgui" />
-    </key>
-    <key name="MoveFile.RECENT_KEYS">
-      <recent name="$PROJECT_DIR$/resources/schip_font" />
-      <recent name="$PROJECT_DIR$/gemmautil/src" />
-      <recent name="$PROJECT_DIR$/gemmaimgui/src/bin" />
-    </key>
-  </component>
-  <component name="RunManager" selected="Cargo.Run gemmaimgui">
-    <configuration name="Run ch8asm" type="CargoCommandRunConfiguration" factoryName="Cargo Command" temporary="true">
-      <option name="command" value="run --package gemmautil --bin ch8asm" />
-      <option name="workingDirectory" value="file://$PROJECT_DIR$" />
-      <envs />
-      <option name="emulateTerminal" value="true" />
-      <option name="channel" value="DEFAULT" />
-      <option name="requiredFeatures" value="true" />
-      <option name="allFeatures" value="false" />
-      <option name="withSudo" value="false" />
-      <option name="buildTarget" value="REMOTE" />
-      <option name="backtrace" value="SHORT" />
-      <option name="isRedirectInput" value="false" />
-      <option name="redirectInputPath" value="" />
-      <method v="2">
-        <option name="CARGO.BUILD_TASK_PROVIDER" enabled="true" />
-      </method>
-    </configuration>
-    <configuration name="Run gemmaimgui" type="CargoCommandRunConfiguration" factoryName="Cargo Command" temporary="true">
-      <option name="command" value="run --package gemmaimgui --bin gemmaimgui" />
-      <option name="workingDirectory" value="file://$PROJECT_DIR$" />
-      <envs />
-      <option name="emulateTerminal" value="true" />
-      <option name="channel" value="DEFAULT" />
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-      <option name="redirectInputPath" value="" />
-      <method v="2">
-        <option name="CARGO.BUILD_TASK_PROVIDER" enabled="true" />
-      </method>
-    </configuration>
-    <configuration name="Test ch8asm::test" type="CargoCommandRunConfiguration" factoryName="Cargo Command" temporary="true">
-      <option name="command" value="test --package gemmautil --bin ch8asm test" />
-      <option name="workingDirectory" value="file://$PROJECT_DIR$" />
-      <envs />
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-      <method v="2">
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-      </method>
-    </configuration>
-    <configuration name="Test instruction_tests" type="CargoCommandRunConfiguration" factoryName="Cargo Command" temporary="true">
-      <option name="command" value="test --package gemma --test instruction_tests" />
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-      <method v="2">
-        <option name="CARGO.BUILD_TASK_PROVIDER" enabled="true" />
-      </method>
-    </configuration>
-    <configuration name="Test video::test" type="CargoCommandRunConfiguration" factoryName="Cargo Command" temporary="true">
-      <option name="command" value="test --package gemma --lib chip8::video::test" />
-      <option name="workingDirectory" value="file://$PROJECT_DIR$" />
-      <envs />
-      <option name="emulateTerminal" value="true" />
-      <option name="channel" value="DEFAULT" />
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-      <option name="redirectInputPath" value="" />
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-        <option name="CARGO.BUILD_TASK_PROVIDER" enabled="true" />
-      </method>
-    </configuration>
-    <recent_temporary>
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-        <item itemvalue="Cargo.Test instruction_tests" />
-        <item itemvalue="Cargo.Test ch8asm::test" />
-        <item itemvalue="Cargo.Run ch8asm" />
-        <item itemvalue="Cargo.Test video::test" />
-      </list>
-    </recent_temporary>
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-  <component name="RustProjectSettings">
-    <option name="toolchainHomeDirectory" value="$USER_HOME$/.cargo/bin" />
-  </component>
-  <component name="SpellCheckerSettings" RuntimeDictionaries="0" Folders="0" CustomDictionaries="0" DefaultDictionary="application-level" UseSingleDictionary="true" transferred="true" />
-  <component name="TaskManager">
-    <task active="true" id="Default" summary="Default task">
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-      <option name="presentableId" value="Default" />
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-      <workItem from="1729375372050" duration="3579000" />
-      <workItem from="1729797802231" duration="9220000" />
-<<<<<<< Updated upstream
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-      <workItem from="1730040713781" duration="2808000" />
-      <workItem from="1730065968935" duration="6000" />
-=======
-      <workItem from="1729992186995" duration="4226000" />
-      <workItem from="1730115460078" duration="31140000" />
->>>>>>> Stashed changes
-    </task>
-    <servers />
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-    <option name="version" value="3" />
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-        <line-breakpoint enabled="true" type="com.jetbrains.cidr.execution.debugger.OCBreakpointType">
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-          <line>46</line>
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-</project>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.vscode/launch.json b/.vscode/launch.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 30aaa82..0000000
--- a/.vscode/launch.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,83 +0,0 @@
-{
-    // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
-    // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
-    // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
-    "version": "0.2.0",
-    "configurations": [
-        {
-            "type": "lldb",
-            "request": "launch",
-            "name": "Debug unit tests in library 'trevors_chip8_toy'",
-            "cargo": {
-                "args": [
-                    "test",
-                    "--no-run",
-                    "--lib",
-                    "--package=trevors_chip8_toy"
-                ],
-                "filter": {
-                    "name": "trevors_chip8_toy",
-                    "kind": "lib"
-                }
-            },
-            "args": [],
-            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "lldb",
-            "request": "launch",
-            "name": "Debug executable 'trevors_chip8_toy'",
-            "cargo": {
-                "args": [
-                    "build",
-                    "--bin=trevors_chip8_toy",
-                    "--package=trevors_chip8_toy"
-                ],
-                "filter": {
-                    "name": "trevors_chip8_toy",
-                    "kind": "bin"
-                }
-            },
-            "args": [],
-            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "lldb",
-            "request": "launch",
-            "name": "Debug unit tests in executable 'trevors_chip8_toy'",
-            "cargo": {
-                "args": [
-                    "test",
-                    "--no-run",
-                    "--bin=trevors_chip8_toy",
-                    "--package=trevors_chip8_toy"
-                ],
-                "filter": {
-                    "name": "trevors_chip8_toy",
-                    "kind": "bin"
-                }
-            },
-            "args": [],
-            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "lldb",
-            "request": "launch",
-            "name": "Debug unit tests in library 'trevors_chip8_core'",
-            "cargo": {
-                "args": [
-                    "test",
-                    "--no-run",
-                    "--lib",
-                    "--package=trevors_chip8_core"
-                ],
-                "filter": {
-                    "name": "trevors_chip8_core",
-                    "kind": "lib"
-                }
-            },
-            "args": [],
-            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}"
-        }
-    ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index bb4c37b..c08abba 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -50,9 +50,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "accesskit_macos"
-version = "0.17.3"
+version = "0.17.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "49509c722e8da39e6c569f7d13ec51620208988913e738abbc67e3c65f06e6d5"
+checksum = "bfc6c1ecd82053d127961ad80a8beaa6004fb851a3a5b96506d7a6bd462403f6"
 dependencies = [
  "accesskit",
  "accesskit_consumer",
@@ -96,9 +96,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "accesskit_winit"
-version = "0.22.3"
+version = "0.22.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9987e852fe7e4e5a493f8c8af0b729b47da2750f0dea10a4c8984fe1117ebaec"
+checksum = "aea3522719f1c44564d03e9469a8e2f3a98b3a8a880bd66d0789c6b9c4a669dd"
 dependencies = [
  "accesskit",
  "accesskit_macos",
@@ -228,9 +228,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "anstream"
-version = "0.6.15"
+version = "0.6.17"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "64e15c1ab1f89faffbf04a634d5e1962e9074f2741eef6d97f3c4e322426d526"
+checksum = "23a1e53f0f5d86382dafe1cf314783b2044280f406e7e1506368220ad11b1338"
 dependencies = [
  "anstyle",
  "anstyle-parse",
@@ -243,43 +243,43 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "anstyle"
-version = "1.0.8"
+version = "1.0.10"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1bec1de6f59aedf83baf9ff929c98f2ad654b97c9510f4e70cf6f661d49fd5b1"
+checksum = "55cc3b69f167a1ef2e161439aa98aed94e6028e5f9a59be9a6ffb47aef1651f9"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "anstyle-parse"
-version = "0.2.5"
+version = "0.2.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "eb47de1e80c2b463c735db5b217a0ddc39d612e7ac9e2e96a5aed1f57616c1cb"
+checksum = "3b2d16507662817a6a20a9ea92df6652ee4f94f914589377d69f3b21bc5798a9"
 dependencies = [
  "utf8parse",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "anstyle-query"
-version = "1.1.1"
+version = "1.1.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6d36fc52c7f6c869915e99412912f22093507da8d9e942ceaf66fe4b7c14422a"
+checksum = "79947af37f4177cfead1110013d678905c37501914fba0efea834c3fe9a8d60c"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-sys 0.52.0",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "anstyle-wincon"
-version = "3.0.4"
+version = "3.0.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5bf74e1b6e971609db8ca7a9ce79fd5768ab6ae46441c572e46cf596f59e57f8"
+checksum = "2109dbce0e72be3ec00bed26e6a7479ca384ad226efdd66db8fa2e3a38c83125"
 dependencies = [
  "anstyle",
- "windows-sys 0.52.0",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "anyhow"
-version = "1.0.89"
+version = "1.0.92"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "86fdf8605db99b54d3cd748a44c6d04df638eb5dafb219b135d0149bd0db01f6"
+checksum = "74f37166d7d48a0284b99dd824694c26119c700b53bf0d1540cdb147dbdaaf13"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "arboard"
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ checksum = "3b43422f69d8ff38f95f1b2bb76517c91589a924d1559a0e935d7c8ce0274c11"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.79",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ checksum = "721cae7de5c34fbb2acd27e21e6d2cf7b886dce0c27388d46c4e6c47ea4318dd"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.79",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -656,7 +656,7 @@ checksum = "bcfcc3cd946cb52f0bbfdbbcfa2f4e24f75ebb6c0e1002f7c25904fada18b9ec"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.79",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -673,9 +673,9 @@ checksum = "8f1fe948ff07f4bd06c30984e69f5b4899c516a3ef74f34df92a2df2ab535495"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bytes"
-version = "1.7.2"
+version = "1.8.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "428d9aa8fbc0670b7b8d6030a7fadd0f86151cae55e4dbbece15f3780a3dfaf3"
+checksum = "9ac0150caa2ae65ca5bd83f25c7de183dea78d4d366469f148435e2acfbad0da"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "calloop"
@@ -728,7 +728,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "calloop 0.12.4",
  "rustix",
  "wayland-backend",
- "wayland-client 0.31.6",
+ "wayland-client 0.31.7",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -740,7 +740,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "calloop 0.13.0",
  "rustix",
  "wayland-backend",
- "wayland-client 0.31.6",
+ "wayland-client 0.31.7",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -754,9 +754,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cc"
-version = "1.1.30"
+version = "1.1.34"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b16803a61b81d9eabb7eae2588776c4c1e584b738ede45fdbb4c972cec1e9945"
+checksum = "67b9470d453346108f93a59222a9a1a5724db32d0a4727b7ab7ace4b4d822dc9"
 dependencies = [
  "jobserver",
  "libc",
@@ -847,7 +847,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "heck",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.79",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -948,9 +948,9 @@ checksum = "3d7b894f5411737b7867f4827955924d7c254fc9f4d91a6aad6b097804b1018b"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "colorchoice"
-version = "1.0.2"
+version = "1.0.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d3fd119d74b830634cea2a0f58bbd0d54540518a14397557951e79340abc28c0"
+checksum = "5b63caa9aa9397e2d9480a9b13673856c78d8ac123288526c37d7839f2a86990"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "com"
@@ -1503,7 +1503,7 @@ checksum = "de0d48a183585823424a4ce1aa132d174a6a81bd540895822eb4c8373a8e49e8"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.79",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1618,9 +1618,9 @@ checksum = "e8c02a5121d4ea3eb16a80748c74f5549a5665e4c21333c6098f283870fbdea6"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "fdeflate"
-version = "0.3.5"
+version = "0.3.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d8090f921a24b04994d9929e204f50b498a33ea6ba559ffaa05e04f7ee7fb5ab"
+checksum = "07c6f4c64c1d33a3111c4466f7365ebdcc37c5bd1ea0d62aae2e3d722aacbedb"
 dependencies = [
  "simd-adler32",
 ]
@@ -1668,7 +1668,7 @@ checksum = "1a5c6c585bc94aaf2c7b51dd4c2ba22680844aba4c687be581871a6f518c5742"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.79",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1728,9 +1728,9 @@ checksum = "9e5c1b78ca4aae1ac06c48a526a655760685149f0d465d21f37abfe57ce075c6"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "futures-lite"
-version = "2.3.0"
+version = "2.4.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "52527eb5074e35e9339c6b4e8d12600c7128b68fb25dcb9fa9dec18f7c25f3a5"
+checksum = "3f1fa2f9765705486b33fd2acf1577f8ec449c2ba1f318ae5447697b7c08d210"
 dependencies = [
  "fastrand",
  "futures-core",
@@ -1747,7 +1747,7 @@ checksum = "162ee34ebcb7c64a8abebc059ce0fee27c2262618d7b60ed8faf72fef13c3650"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.79",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1784,10 +1784,15 @@ name = "gemma"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "chrono",
+ "clap",
  "dimensioned",
+ "flate2",
+ "hex",
  "log",
  "pretty_env_logger",
  "rand 0.9.0-alpha.2",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2351,9 +2356,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "immutable-chunkmap"
-version = "2.0.5"
+version = "2.0.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4419f022e55cc63d5bbd6b44b71e1d226b9c9480a47824c706e9d54e5c40c5eb"
+checksum = "12f97096f508d54f8f8ab8957862eee2ccd628847b6217af1a335e1c44dee578"
 dependencies = [
  "arrayvec 0.7.6",
 ]
@@ -2397,6 +2402,12 @@ version = "1.70.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "7943c866cc5cd64cbc25b2e01621d07fa8eb2a1a23160ee81ce38704e97b8ecf"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "itoa"
+version = "1.0.11"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "49f1f14873335454500d59611f1cf4a4b0f786f9ac11f4312a78e4cf2566695b"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "jni"
 version = "0.21.1"
@@ -2477,9 +2488,9 @@ checksum = "bbd2bcb4c963f2ddae06a2efc7e9f3591312473c50c6685e1f298068316e66fe"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libc"
-version = "0.2.160"
+version = "0.2.161"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f0b21006cd1874ae9e650973c565615676dc4a274c965bb0a73796dac838ce4f"
+checksum = "8e9489c2807c139ffd9c1794f4af0ebe86a828db53ecdc7fea2111d0fed085d1"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libloading"
@@ -2894,7 +2905,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-crate 3.2.0",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.79",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3260,7 +3271,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "pest_meta",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.79",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3276,29 +3287,29 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pin-project"
-version = "1.1.6"
+version = "1.1.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "baf123a161dde1e524adf36f90bc5d8d3462824a9c43553ad07a8183161189ec"
+checksum = "be57f64e946e500c8ee36ef6331845d40a93055567ec57e8fae13efd33759b95"
 dependencies = [
  "pin-project-internal",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pin-project-internal"
-version = "1.1.6"
+version = "1.1.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a4502d8515ca9f32f1fb543d987f63d95a14934883db45bdb48060b6b69257f8"
+checksum = "3c0f5fad0874fc7abcd4d750e76917eaebbecaa2c20bde22e1dbeeba8beb758c"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.79",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pin-project-lite"
-version = "0.2.14"
+version = "0.2.15"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "bda66fc9667c18cb2758a2ac84d1167245054bcf85d5d1aaa6923f45801bdd02"
+checksum = "915a1e146535de9163f3987b8944ed8cf49a18bb0056bcebcdcece385cece4ff"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pin-utils"
@@ -3415,9 +3426,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "proc-macro2"
-version = "1.0.88"
+version = "1.0.89"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7c3a7fc5db1e57d5a779a352c8cdb57b29aa4c40cc69c3a68a7fedc815fbf2f9"
+checksum = "f139b0662de085916d1fb67d2b4169d1addddda1919e696f3252b740b629986e"
 dependencies = [
  "unicode-ident",
 ]
@@ -3587,9 +3598,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "regex"
-version = "1.11.0"
+version = "1.11.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "38200e5ee88914975b69f657f0801b6f6dccafd44fd9326302a4aaeecfacb1d8"
+checksum = "b544ef1b4eac5dc2db33ea63606ae9ffcfac26c1416a2806ae0bf5f56b201191"
 dependencies = [
  "aho-corasick",
  "memchr",
@@ -3634,9 +3645,9 @@ checksum = "08d43f7aa6b08d49f382cde6a7982047c3426db949b1424bc4b7ec9ae12c6ce2"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rustix"
-version = "0.38.37"
+version = "0.38.38"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8acb788b847c24f28525660c4d7758620a7210875711f79e7f663cc152726811"
+checksum = "aa260229e6538e52293eeb577aabd09945a09d6d9cc0fc550ed7529056c2e32a"
 dependencies = [
  "bitflags 2.6.0",
  "errno",
@@ -3645,6 +3656,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows-sys 0.52.0",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "ryu"
+version = "1.0.18"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f3cb5ba0dc43242ce17de99c180e96db90b235b8a9fdc9543c96d2209116bd9f"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "safe_arch"
 version = "0.5.2"
@@ -3745,22 +3762,34 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde"
-version = "1.0.210"
+version = "1.0.214"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c8e3592472072e6e22e0a54d5904d9febf8508f65fb8552499a1abc7d1078c3a"
+checksum = "f55c3193aca71c12ad7890f1785d2b73e1b9f63a0bbc353c08ef26fe03fc56b5"
 dependencies = [
  "serde_derive",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_derive"
-version = "1.0.210"
+version = "1.0.214"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "243902eda00fad750862fc144cea25caca5e20d615af0a81bee94ca738f1df1f"
+checksum = "de523f781f095e28fa605cdce0f8307e451cc0fd14e2eb4cd2e98a355b147766"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.79",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "serde_json"
+version = "1.0.132"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d726bfaff4b320266d395898905d0eba0345aae23b54aee3a737e260fd46db03"
+dependencies = [
+ "itoa",
+ "memchr",
+ "ryu",
+ "serde",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3771,7 +3800,7 @@ checksum = "6c64451ba24fc7a6a2d60fc75dd9c83c90903b19028d4eff35e88fc1e86564e9"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.79",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3897,9 +3926,9 @@ dependencies = [
  "rustix",
  "thiserror",
  "wayland-backend",
- "wayland-client 0.31.6",
+ "wayland-client 0.31.7",
  "wayland-csd-frame",
- "wayland-cursor 0.31.6",
+ "wayland-cursor 0.31.7",
  "wayland-protocols 0.31.2",
  "wayland-protocols-wlr 0.2.0",
  "wayland-scanner 0.31.5",
@@ -3922,11 +3951,11 @@ dependencies = [
  "rustix",
  "thiserror",
  "wayland-backend",
- "wayland-client 0.31.6",
+ "wayland-client 0.31.7",
  "wayland-csd-frame",
- "wayland-cursor 0.31.6",
- "wayland-protocols 0.32.4",
- "wayland-protocols-wlr 0.3.4",
+ "wayland-cursor 0.31.7",
+ "wayland-protocols 0.32.5",
+ "wayland-protocols-wlr 0.3.5",
  "wayland-scanner 0.31.5",
  "xkeysym",
 ]
@@ -4007,9 +4036,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "syn"
-version = "2.0.79"
+version = "2.0.87"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "89132cd0bf050864e1d38dc3bbc07a0eb8e7530af26344d3d2bbbef83499f590"
+checksum = "25aa4ce346d03a6dcd68dd8b4010bcb74e54e62c90c573f394c46eae99aba32d"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -4046,22 +4075,22 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "thiserror"
-version = "1.0.64"
+version = "1.0.66"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d50af8abc119fb8bb6dbabcfa89656f46f84aa0ac7688088608076ad2b459a84"
+checksum = "5d171f59dbaa811dbbb1aee1e73db92ec2b122911a48e1390dfe327a821ddede"
 dependencies = [
  "thiserror-impl",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "thiserror-impl"
-version = "1.0.64"
+version = "1.0.66"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "08904e7672f5eb876eaaf87e0ce17857500934f4981c4a0ab2b4aa98baac7fc3"
+checksum = "b08be0f17bd307950653ce45db00cd31200d82b624b36e181337d9c7d92765b5"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.79",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4187,7 +4216,7 @@ checksum = "34704c8d6ebcbc939824180af020566b01a7c01f80641264eba0999f6c2b6be7"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.79",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4349,7 +4378,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "once_cell",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.79",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
  "wasm-bindgen-shared",
 ]
 
@@ -4383,7 +4412,7 @@ checksum = "26c6ab57572f7a24a4985830b120de1594465e5d500f24afe89e16b4e833ef68"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.79",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
  "wasm-bindgen-backend",
  "wasm-bindgen-shared",
 ]
@@ -4426,9 +4455,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wayland-client"
-version = "0.31.6"
+version = "0.31.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e3f45d1222915ef1fd2057220c1d9d9624b7654443ea35c3877f7a52bd0a5a2d"
+checksum = "b66249d3fc69f76fd74c82cc319300faa554e9d865dab1f7cd66cc20db10b280"
 dependencies = [
  "bitflags 2.6.0",
  "rustix",
@@ -4472,12 +4501,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wayland-cursor"
-version = "0.31.6"
+version = "0.31.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3a94697e66e76c85923b0d28a0c251e8f0666f58fc47d316c0f4da6da75d37cb"
+checksum = "32b08bc3aafdb0035e7fe0fdf17ba0c09c268732707dca4ae098f60cb28c9e4c"
 dependencies = [
  "rustix",
- "wayland-client 0.31.6",
+ "wayland-client 0.31.7",
  "xcursor",
 ]
 
@@ -4501,19 +4530,19 @@ checksum = "8f81f365b8b4a97f422ac0e8737c438024b5951734506b0e1d775c73030561f4"
 dependencies = [
  "bitflags 2.6.0",
  "wayland-backend",
- "wayland-client 0.31.6",
+ "wayland-client 0.31.7",
  "wayland-scanner 0.31.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wayland-protocols"
-version = "0.32.4"
+version = "0.32.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2b5755d77ae9040bb872a25026555ce4cb0ae75fd923e90d25fba07d81057de0"
+checksum = "7cd0ade57c4e6e9a8952741325c30bf82f4246885dca8bf561898b86d0c1f58e"
 dependencies = [
  "bitflags 2.6.0",
  "wayland-backend",
- "wayland-client 0.31.6",
+ "wayland-client 0.31.7",
  "wayland-scanner 0.31.5",
 ]
 
@@ -4525,21 +4554,21 @@ checksum = "23803551115ff9ea9bce586860c5c5a971e360825a0309264102a9495a5ff479"
 dependencies = [
  "bitflags 2.6.0",
  "wayland-backend",
- "wayland-client 0.31.6",
+ "wayland-client 0.31.7",
  "wayland-protocols 0.31.2",
  "wayland-scanner 0.31.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wayland-protocols-plasma"
-version = "0.3.4"
+version = "0.3.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8a0a41a6875e585172495f7a96dfa42ca7e0213868f4f15c313f7c33221a7eff"
+checksum = "9b31cab548ee68c7eb155517f2212049dc151f7cd7910c2b66abfd31c3ee12bd"
 dependencies = [
  "bitflags 2.6.0",
  "wayland-backend",
- "wayland-client 0.31.6",
- "wayland-protocols 0.32.4",
+ "wayland-client 0.31.7",
+ "wayland-protocols 0.32.5",
  "wayland-scanner 0.31.5",
 ]
 
@@ -4551,21 +4580,21 @@ checksum = "ad1f61b76b6c2d8742e10f9ba5c3737f6530b4c243132c2a2ccc8aa96fe25cd6"
 dependencies = [
  "bitflags 2.6.0",
  "wayland-backend",
- "wayland-client 0.31.6",
+ "wayland-client 0.31.7",
  "wayland-protocols 0.31.2",
  "wayland-scanner 0.31.5",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wayland-protocols-wlr"
-version = "0.3.4"
+version = "0.3.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "dad87b5fd1b1d3ca2f792df8f686a2a11e3fe1077b71096f7a175ab699f89109"
+checksum = "782e12f6cd923c3c316130d56205ebab53f55d6666b7faddfad36cecaeeb4022"
 dependencies = [
  "bitflags 2.6.0",
  "wayland-backend",
- "wayland-client 0.31.6",
- "wayland-protocols 0.32.4",
+ "wayland-client 0.31.7",
+ "wayland-protocols 0.32.5",
  "wayland-scanner 0.31.5",
 ]
 
@@ -4865,7 +4894,7 @@ checksum = "2bbd5b46c938e506ecbce286b6628a02171d56153ba733b6c741fc627ec9579b"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.79",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4876,7 +4905,7 @@ checksum = "053c4c462dc91d3b1504c6fe5a726dd15e216ba718e84a0e46a88fbe5ded3515"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.79",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5227,7 +5256,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "wasm-bindgen",
  "wasm-bindgen-futures",
  "wayland-backend",
- "wayland-client 0.31.6",
+ "wayland-client 0.31.7",
  "wayland-protocols 0.31.2",
  "wayland-protocols-plasma 0.2.0",
  "web-sys",
@@ -5279,9 +5308,9 @@ dependencies = [
  "wasm-bindgen",
  "wasm-bindgen-futures",
  "wayland-backend",
- "wayland-client 0.31.6",
- "wayland-protocols 0.32.4",
- "wayland-protocols-plasma 0.3.4",
+ "wayland-client 0.31.7",
+ "wayland-protocols 0.32.5",
+ "wayland-protocols-plasma 0.3.5",
  "web-sys",
  "web-time 1.1.0",
  "windows-sys 0.52.0",
@@ -5477,7 +5506,7 @@ checksum = "709ab20fc57cb22af85be7b360239563209258430bccf38d8b979c5a2ae3ecce"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.79",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
  "zbus-lockstep",
  "zbus_xml",
  "zvariant",
@@ -5492,7 +5521,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-crate 3.2.0",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.79",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
  "zvariant_utils",
 ]
 
@@ -5538,7 +5567,7 @@ checksum = "fa4f8080344d4671fb4e831a13ad1e68092748387dfc4f55e356242fae12ce3e"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.79",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5563,7 +5592,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro-crate 3.2.0",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.79",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
  "zvariant_utils",
 ]
 
@@ -5575,5 +5604,5 @@ checksum = "c51bcff7cc3dbb5055396bcf774748c3dab426b4b8659046963523cee4808340"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "syn 2.0.79",
+ "syn 2.0.87",
 ]
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index fa81538..0d87745 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,13 +1,23 @@
 [workspace]
-members = ["gemma", "gemmaegui", "gemmaimgui", "gemmatelnet", "gemmasdl2", "gemmautil" ]
+members = [
+    "gemma",
+    "gemmaegui",
+    "gemmaimgui",
+    "gemmatelnet",
+    "gemmasdl2",
+    "gemmautil",
+]
 resolver = "2"
 
 [workspace.dependencies]
-pretty_env_logger = { version = "0.5.0" }
-log = { version = "0.4.22" }
+pretty_env_logger = { version = "0.5" }
+log = { version = "0.4" }
 rand = { version = "0.9.0-alpha.2" }
-chrono = { version = "0.4.38" }
-dimensioned = { version = "0.8.0" }
+chrono = { version = "0.4" }
+dimensioned = { version = "0.8" }
+serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json = { version = "1.0" }
+clap = { version = "4.5", features = ["derive"] }
 
 # EGUI
 egui = { version = "0.29" }
diff --git a/coverage/tarpaulin-report.html b/coverage/tarpaulin-report.html
index 091a6a7..83440b3 100644
--- a/coverage/tarpaulin-report.html
+++ b/coverage/tarpaulin-report.html
@@ -118,8 +118,8 @@
 <body>
     <div id="root"></div>
     <script>
-        var data = {"files":[{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","bin","speedtest.rs"],"content":"use gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\nuse std::fs::File;\nuse std::io::Read;\nuse std::ops::Add;\nuse std::path::Path;\nuse std::time::{Duration, Instant};\n\nconst ROM_ROOT: \u0026str = \"resources/roms\";\n\nfn main() {\n    let mut x = Chip8ComputerManager::new();\n\n    let mut buffer = Vec::new();\n    let mut input_file =\n        File::open(Path::new(\u0026(ROM_ROOT.to_string() + \"/mandelbrot_bench.ch8\"))).expect(\"derp\");\n    input_file\n        .read_to_end(\u0026mut buffer)\n        .expect(\"unable to read file\");\n    x.load_new_program_to_system_memory((\u0026*buffer).into());\n\n    for _ in 0..10 {\n        let start_time = Instant::now();\n        let mut num_cycles = 0;\n        // how many instructions in 10s.\n        let end_time = start_time.add(Duration::from_secs(10));\n        while (Instant::now().le(\u0026end_time)) {\n            num_cycles += 1;\n            x.step();\n        }\n\n        let num = num_cycles\n            .to_string()\n            .as_bytes()\n            .rchunks(3)\n            .rev()\n            .map(std::str::from_utf8)\n            .collect::\u003cResult\u003cVec\u003c\u0026str\u003e, _\u003e\u003e()\n            .unwrap()\n            .join(\",\"); // separator\n\n        let num_ips = num_cycles / 1000000;\n        println!(\"Completed at {num_ips} Mips. ({num})\");\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[239164,239099,237008],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":12,"address":[237030],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":14,"address":[237055],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":15,"address":[237174,237106],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[237426],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[237519],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[237607],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[237756,237832],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[237861],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[237877],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[237955],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[239138,239112,238059],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[239119,239159],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[238551,238185,238094,238484,238052],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[238698,238862],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[238992],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":16},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","computer.rs"],"content":"use log::{debug};\nuse crate::chip8::delay_timer::DelayTimer;\nuse crate::chip8::keypad::Keypad;\nuse crate::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode;\nuse crate::chip8::registers::Chip8Registers;\nuse crate::chip8::sound_timer::SoundTimer;\nuse crate::chip8::stack::Chip8Stack;\n\nuse super::{\n    cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates, instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions, system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory, video::Chip8Video,\n};\n\n#[derive(Clone)]\npub struct Chip8Computer {\n    pub num_cycles: i32,\n    pub memory: Chip8SystemMemory,\n    pub registers: Chip8Registers,\n    pub sound_timer: SoundTimer,\n    pub delay_timer: DelayTimer,\n    pub video_memory: Chip8Video,\n    pub state: Chip8CpuStates,\n    pub keypad: Keypad,\n    pub stack: Chip8Stack,\n    pub quirk_mode: QuirkMode\n}\nimpl Default for Chip8Computer {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            num_cycles: 0,\n            memory: Chip8SystemMemory::default(),\n            video_memory: Chip8Video::default(),\n            registers: Chip8Registers::default(),\n            sound_timer: SoundTimer::new(),\n            delay_timer: DelayTimer::new(),\n            state: Chip8CpuStates::default(),\n            keypad: Keypad::default(),\n            stack: Chip8Stack::default(),\n            quirk_mode: QuirkMode::default()\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Computer {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.video_memory.reset();\n        self.num_cycles = 0;\n        self.registers.reset();\n        self.delay_timer.reset();\n        self.sound_timer.reset();\n        self.stack.reset();\n        self.memory.reset();\n        self.quirk_mode = QuirkMode::Chip8;\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_keypad_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.keypad.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_registers_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.registers.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_video_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.clone().video_memory.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn new_with_program(new_program: Vec\u003cu16\u003e) -\u003e Self {\n        let mut working = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n        for (i, \u0026word) in new_program.iter().enumerate() {\n            let high = (word \u003e\u003e 8) as u8;\n            let low = (word \u0026 0xff) as u8;\n            let base_offset = (i * 2) as u16;\n            working.memory.poke(base_offset, high);\n            working.memory.poke(base_offset + 1, low);\n        }\n        working\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Computer::default()\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_bytes_to_memory(\u0026mut self, offset: u16, to_load: \u0026Vec\u003cu8\u003e) {\n        let total_len = to_load.len() as u16;\n        for current_index in 0..total_len {\n            let new_value = to_load[current_index as usize];\n            let new_location = current_index + offset;\n            self.memory.poke(new_location, new_value);\n        }\n        self.registers.set_pc(offset);\n    }\n\n    pub fn step_system(\u0026mut self) -\u003e \u0026mut Chip8Computer {\n        println!(\"Stepping System 1 Step\");\n        // read the next instruction\n        let local_memory = \u0026self.memory;\n\n    //    let mut working_instruction: u16 = 0b0000000000000000;\n        let start_pc = self.registers.peek_pc();\n        let high_byte = (local_memory.peek(start_pc) as u16).rotate_left(8);\n        let low_byte = local_memory.peek(start_pc + 1) as u16;\n        let result = high_byte | low_byte;\n        let decoded_instruction =\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(result, \u0026self.quirk_mode);\n        // todo: THIS IS BAD AND IS A SIDE EFFECT\n        decoded_instruction.execute(self);\n\n        match self.state {\n            Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction =\u003e {\n                println!(\"Ticking sound, delay, video\");\n                self.sound_timer.tick();\n                self.delay_timer.tick();\n                self.video_memory.tick();\n                self.num_cycles += 1;\n            }\n            Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey =\u003e {\n                debug!(\"waiting for a key press...\");\n            }\n            _ =\u003e {}\n        }\n        self\n    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std::thread;\nuse std::thread::sleep;\nuse std::time::{Duration, Instant};\nuse crate::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates;\nuse crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction;\npub enum ManagerDumpables {\n    Video,\n    Registers,\n    Keyboard\n}\n\npub struct Chip8ComputerManager {\n    core_should_run: bool,\n    one_step: bool,\n    core_cycle_timer: bool,\n    core_last_cycle_start: Instant,\n    computer: Chip8Computer\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8ComputerManager {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8ComputerManager {\n            core_should_run: false,\n            one_step: false,\n            core_cycle_timer: false,\n            core_last_cycle_start: Instant::now()   ,\n            computer: Chip8Computer::new()\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8ComputerManager {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.one_step = false;\n        self.core_should_run = false;\n        self.computer.reset();\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Chip8ComputerManager {\n        let core_handle = thread::spawn(move || {\n           loop {\n               let start_time = Instant::now();\n               let sleep_time = Instant::now().duration_since(start_time).as_millis();\n               sleep(Duration::from_millis((16 - sleep_time) as u64));\n           }\n        });\n\n        Chip8ComputerManager::default()\n    }\n\n    pub fn start(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.core_should_run = true;\n    }\n\n    pub fn stop(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.core_should_run = false\n    }\n\n    pub fn step(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.one_step = true;\n    }\n\n    pub fn state(\u0026mut self) -\u003e \u0026Chip8Computer {\n        \u0026self.computer\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick( \u0026mut self) -\u003e bool {\n     //   println!(\"STARTING TICK\");\n        let mut did_tick: bool = false;\n        if self.one_step | self.core_should_run  {\n            if let WaitingForInstruction = self.computer.state {\n                self.core_last_cycle_start = Instant::now();\n                self.computer.step_system();\n                did_tick = true\n             //   println!(\"SYSTEM STEP\");\n            }\n        };\n        if self.one_step {\n            println!(\"SYSTEM HALTED AFTER 1 STEP\");\n            // stop the CPU for the next cycle, we are only\n            // wanting one step.\n            self.one_step = false;\n            did_tick = true;\n        }\n        did_tick\n    }\n\n    pub fn press_key(\u0026mut self, key_index: u8) {\n        self.computer.keypad.push_key(key_index);\n        if matches!(self.computer.state, Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey) {\n            self.computer.state = WaitingForInstruction\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn release_key(\u0026mut self, key_index: u8) {\n        self.computer.keypad.release_key(key_index);\n    }\n\n    pub fn sound(managed: \u0026Chip8ComputerManager) -\u003e bool {\n        managed.computer.sound_timer.current() \u003e 0\n    }\n\n    pub fn wait_for_instruction(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.computer.state = WaitingForInstruction;\n    }\n\n    pub fn is_key_pressed(\u0026self, key_index: u8) -\u003e bool {\n        self.computer.keypad.pressed(key_index)\n    }\n\n    pub fn num_cycles(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        self.computer.num_cycles\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_new_program_to_system_memory(\u0026mut self, bytes_to_load: Vec\u003cu8\u003e) {\n        self.reset();\n        self.computer.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026bytes_to_load);\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_to_string(\u0026self, dump_type: ManagerDumpables) -\u003e String {\n        match dump_type {\n            ManagerDumpables::Video =\u003e {\n                self.computer.video_memory.format_as_string()\n            }\n            ManagerDumpables::Registers =\u003e {\n                self.computer.registers.format_as_string()\n            }\n            ManagerDumpables::Keyboard =\u003e {\n                self.computer.keypad.format_as_string()\n            }\n        }\n    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Copy, Default)]\npub enum Chip8CpuStates {\n    #[default]\n    WaitingForInstruction,\n    WaitingForKey,\n    ExecutingInstruction,\n    Error,\n}\n\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","delay_timer.rs"],"content":"#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub struct DelayTimer {\n    counter: u8\n}\n\nimpl Default for DelayTimer {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self::new()\n    }\n}\n\nimpl DelayTimer {\n    pub fn current(\u0026self) -\u003e u8 {\n        self.counter\n    }\n\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        DelayTimer {\n            counter: 0xff\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.counter = 0xff;\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_timer(\u0026mut self, new_value: u8) {\n        self.counter = new_value\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        if self.counter \u003e 0 {\n            self.counter -= 1;\n        }\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":7,"address":[3521424],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":8,"address":[603009],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":13,"address":[40271456],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":14,"address":[40271461],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":23,"address":[782384],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":24,"address":[782389],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":27,"address":[580160],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":28,"address":[603084],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":31,"address":[40271520],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":32,"address":[782471,782430],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":33,"address":[782473,782445],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}}],"covered":11,"coverable":11},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","instructions.rs"],"content":"use crate::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey;\nuse crate::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::*;\nuse crate::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode;\nuse crate::chip8::util::InstructionUtil;\nuse crate::constants::*;\nuse log::debug;\nuse rand::Rng;\nuse std::fmt::{Debug, Display, Formatter};\nuse std::ops::BitAnd;\nuse std::time::Instant;\n\n/*\nnnn or addr - A 12-bit value, the lowest 12 bits of the instruction\nn or nibble - A 4-bit value, the lowest 4 bits of the instruction\nx - A 4-bit value, the lower 4 bits of the high byte of the instruction\ny - A 4-bit value, the upper 4 bits of the low byte of the instruction\nkk or byte - An 8-bit value, the lowest 8 bits of the instruction\n */\n\n#[derive(Debug, Clone)]\npub enum Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    /// 0nnn\n    /// Exit to System Call at nnn\n    SYS(u16),\n    /// 00E0\n    /// Clear the display.\n    CLS,\n    /// 00EE\n    /// Return from a subroutine.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter sets the program counter to the address at the top of the stack,\n    /// then subtracts 1 from the stack pointer.\n    RET,\n    /// 1nnn\n    /// Jump to location nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter sets the program counter to nnn.\n    JPA(u16),\n    /// 2nnn\n    /// Call subroutine at nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter increments the stack pointer, then puts the current PC on the top\n    /// of the stack. The PC is then set to nnn.\n    CALL(u16),\n    /// 0x3xkk\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are equal, increments the\n    /// program counter by 2.\n    SEX(u8, u8),\n    /// 4xkk\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx != kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are not equal, increments\n    /// the program counter by 2.\n    SNEB(u8, u8),\n    /// 5xy0\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx = Vy.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to register Vy, and if they are equal, increments\n    /// the program counter by 2.\n    SEY(u8, u8),\n    /// 6xkk\n    /// Set Vx = kk\n    LDR(u8, u8),\n    /// 7xkk\n    /// The interpreter puts the value kk into register Vx.\n    ADD(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy0\n    /// Adds the value kk to the value of register Vx, then stores the result in Vx.\n    LDRY(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy1\n    /// Stores the value of register Vy in register Vx.\n    OR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy2\n    /// Set Vx = Vx OR Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise OR on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the result in Vx.\n    /// A bitwise OR compares the corrseponding bits from two values, and if either\n    /// bit is 1, then the same bit in the result is also 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    AND(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy3\n    /// Set Vx = Vx AND Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise AND on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the result in Vx.\n    /// A bitwise AND compares the corrseponding bits from two values, and if both bits\n    /// are 1, then the same bit in the result is also 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    ORY(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy4\n    /// Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise exclusive OR on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the\n    /// result in Vx. An exclusive OR compares the corrseponding bits from two values,\n    /// and if the bits are not both the same, then the corresponding bit in the result\n    /// is set to 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    ADDR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy5\n    /// Set Vx = Vx + Vy, set VF = carry.\n    ///\n    /// The values of Vx and Vy are added together. If the result is greater than 8 bits\n    /// (i.e., \u003e 255,) VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Only the lowest 8 bits of the result\n    /// are kept, and stored in Vx.\n    SUB(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy6\n    /// Set Vx = Vx - Vy, set VF = NOT borrow.\n    ///\n    /// If Vx \u003e Vy, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vy is subtracted from Vx, and the\n    /// results stored in Vx.\n    SHR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy7\n    /// If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx\n    /// is divided by 2.\n    SUBC(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xye\n    /// Set Vx = Vy - Vx, set VF = NOT borrow.\n    //\n    /// If Vy \u003e Vx, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is subtracted from Vy, and the\n    /// results stored in Vx.\n    SHL(u8, u8),\n    /// 9xy0\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx != Vy.\n    ///\n    /// The values of Vx and Vy are compared, and if they are not equal, the program\n    /// counter is increased by 2.\n    SNEY(u8, u8),\n    /// Annn\n    /// Set I = nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The value of register I is set to nnn\n    LDIA(u16),\n    /// Bnnn\n    /// Jump to location nnn + V0.\n    ///\n    /// The program counter is set to nnn plus the value of V0.\n    JPI(u16),\n    /// Cxkk\n    /// Set Vx = random byte AND kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter generates a random number from 0 to 255, which is then\n    /// ANDed with the value kk. The results are stored in Vx. See instruction\n    /// 8xy2 for more information on AND.\n    RND(u8, u8),\n    /// Dxyn\n    /// Display n-byte sprite starting at memory location I at (Vx, Vy), set VF = collision.\n    ///\n    /// In Chip-8,\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter reads n bytes from memory, starting at the address stored in I.\n    /// These bytes are then displayed as sprites on screen at coordinates (Vx, Vy).\n    /// Sprites are XORed onto the existing screen. If this causes any pixels to be erased,\n    /// VF is set to 1, otherwise it is set to 0. If the sprite is positioned so part of\n    /// it is outside the coordinates of the display, it wraps around to the opposite side\n    /// of the screen. See instruction 8xy3 for more information on XOR, and section 2.4,\n    /// Display, for more information on the Chip-8 screen and sprites.\n    ///\n    /// In SCHIP\n    ///\n    /// Show N-byte sprite from M(I) at Coords (VX,VY) VF = Collision.\n    /// If N=0 AND ExtendedMode, 16x16 sprite\n    DRW(u8, u8, u8),\n    /// Ex9E\n    /// Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n    ///\n    /// Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently\n    /// in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n    SKP(u8),\n    /// ExA1\n    /// Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n    ///\n    /// Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in\n    /// the up position, PC is increased by 2.\n    /// On XO Chip, Skips 2 more bytes when the instruction is 4 bytes long\n    SKNP(u8),\n    /// Fx07\n    /// The value of DT is placed into Vx.\n    LDRD(u8),\n    /// Fx0A\n    /// Wait for a key press, store the value of the key in Vx.\n    ///\n    /// All execution stops until a key is pressed, then the value of that key is stored in Vx.\n    LDRK(u8),\n    /// Fx15\n    /// Set delay timer = Vx.\n    ///\n    /// DT is set equal to the value of Vx.\n    LDD(u8), // 0xFx15 Set Delay Timer\n    /// Fx18\n    /// Set sound timer = Vx.\n    ///\n    /// ST is set equal to the value of Vx.\n    LDIS(u8),\n    /// Fx1E - ADD I, Vx\n    /// Set I = I + Vx.\n    ///\n    /// The values of I and Vx are added, and the results are stored in I.\n    ADDI(u8),\n    /// Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n    /// Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n    ///\n    /// The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite\n    /// corresponding to the value of Vx. See section 2.4, Display, for\n    /// more information on the Chip-8 hexadecimal font.\n    LDFX(u8),\n    /// Fx33 - LD B, Vx\n    /// Store BCD representation of Vx in memory locations I, I+1, and I+2.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter takes the decimal value of Vx, and places the hundreds\n    /// digit in memory at location in I, the tens digit at location I+1, and the\n    /// ones digit at location I+2.\n    BCD(u8),\n    /// Fx55 - LD [I], Vx\n    /// Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter copies the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n    /// starting at the address in I.\n    LDIX(u8),\n    /// Fx65 - LD Vx, [I]\n    /// Read registers V0 through Vx from memory starting at location I.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter reads values from memory starting at location I into registers\n    /// V0 through Vx.\n    LDRI(u8),\n    XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n    // 00Dn - CHIP8 - SCHIP * XOCHIP\n    /* START OF SCHIP-8 */\n    /// 00CN - CHIP8 * SCHIP * XOCHIP\n    ///\n    /// Scrolll Display N Lines Down\n    SCD(u8),\n    /// 00FB\n    ///\n    /// Scroll 4 lines Right\n    SCR,\n    /// 00FC\n    ///\n    /// Scroll 4 lines Left\n    SCL,\n    /// 00FE\n    ///\n    /// Disable Extended Mode\n    LOW,\n    /// 00FF\n    ///\n    /// Enable Extended Mode\n    HIGH,\n    /// 00FD\n    ///\n    /// Exit App\n    EXIT,\n    /// FX30\n    ///\n    /// Point I to 10 yte font sprite for digit VX (0..9)\n    LDF2(u8),\n    /// FX75\n    ///\n    /// Store V0..VX in RPL user flags (X \u003c= 7\n    STR(u8),\n    /// FX85\n    ///\n    /// Load V0..VX from RPL user flags (X \u003c= 7)\n    LIDR(u8),\n    /// 0xBxNN\n    ///\n    /// Jump to Address XNN+Vx\n    JPX(u8, u16),\n    /// 0x00Cn\n    ///\n    /// scroll screen content down N pixel, in XO-CHIP only selected bit\n    /// planes are scrolled (Quirks are HP48 specific)\n    SCU(u8),\n}\n\nimpl Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    pub fn name(\u0026self) -\u003e \u0026str {\n        match self {\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(_) =\u003e INST_ADDI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(_, _) =\u003e INST_ADD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(_, _) =\u003e INST_ADDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(_, _) =\u003e INST_AND,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e INST_CLS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(_) =\u003e INST_CALL,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(_, _, _) =\u003e INST_DRW,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT =\u003e INST_EXIT,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(_) =\u003e INST_JPA,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(_) =\u003e INST_JPI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(_) =\u003e INST_BCD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(_) =\u003e INST_LDD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(_) =\u003e INST_LDF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(_) =\u003e INST_LDF2,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(_) =\u003e INST_LDIA,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(_) =\u003e INST_LDIX,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(_) =\u003e INST_LIDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(_) =\u003e INST_LDIS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(_, _) =\u003e INST_LDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(_) =\u003e INST_LDRD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(_) =\u003e INST_LDRI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(_) =\u003e INST_LDRK,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(_, _) =\u003e INST_LDRY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(_, _) =\u003e INST_OR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e INST_RET,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(_, _) =\u003e INST_RND,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(_) =\u003e INST_SCD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL =\u003e INST_SCL,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR =\u003e INST_SCR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(_, _) =\u003e INST_SEX,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(_, _) =\u003e INST_SEY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(_, _) =\u003e INST_SHL,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(_, _) =\u003e INST_SHR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(_) =\u003e INST_SKP,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(_, _) =\u003e INST_SNEB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(_, _) =\u003e INST_SNEY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(_) =\u003e INST_SKNP,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(_) =\u003e INST_STR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(_, _) =\u003e INST_SUB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(_, _) =\u003e INST_SUBC,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(_) =\u003e INST_SYS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LOW =\u003e INST_LOW,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH =\u003e INST_HIGH,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(_, _) =\u003e INST_ORY,\n            JPX(_, _) =\u003e INST_JPX,\n            XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e \"XX ERROR XX\",\n            SCU(_) =\u003e INST_SCU,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn operands(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        match self {\n            JPX(x, addr) =\u003e {\n                let addr_for_display = (*x as u16) \u003c\u003c 8 | *addr;\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}, 0x{addr_for_display:04x}\")\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(addr)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(addr)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(addr) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{addr:04x}\")\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(x, byte)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(x, byte)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(x, byte)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x, byte)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}, 0x{byte:02x}\")\n            }\n            // Reg, Reg\n            SEY(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:01x}, 0x{y:01x}\")\n            }\n            // Reg, Reg, Nibble\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x, y, nibble) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}, 0x{y:02x}, 0x{nibble:02x}\")\n            }\n            // Registers.  0-F\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCU(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}\")\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LOW\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e String::new(),\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Display for Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    fn fmt(\u0026self, f: \u0026mut Formatter\u003c'_\u003e) -\u003e std::fmt::Result {\n        let ops = self.operands();\n        let space = if ops.is_empty() { \"\" } else { \" \" };\n        write!(f, \"{}{}{}\", self.name(), space, ops)\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    pub fn from_str(input: \u0026str) -\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions {\n        let mut parts = input.split(\" \");\n        //  print!(\"THERE ARE {} PARTS\", parts.clone().count());\n        let first_part = parts.next().unwrap_or(\"\");\n        // take the next value...\n        // ...strip off the extra...\n        // ...convert it to an integer from base 16\n        let param1 = u16::from_str_radix(\n            parts\n                .next()\n                .unwrap_or(\"0\")\n                .trim_start_matches(\"0x\")\n                .trim_end_matches(\",\"),\n            16,\n        )\n        .unwrap_or(0);\n        let param2 = u16::from_str_radix(\n            parts\n                .next()\n                .unwrap_or(\"0\")\n                .trim_start_matches(\"0x\")\n                .trim_end_matches(\",\"),\n            16,\n        )\n        .unwrap_or(0);\n        let param3 = u16::from_str_radix(\n            parts\n                .next()\n                .unwrap_or(\"0\")\n                .trim_start_matches(\"0x\")\n                .trim_end_matches(\",\"),\n            16,\n        )\n        .unwrap_or(0);\n        //  println!(\"\\tFirst part is {:?} / {:?} / {:?} / {:?}\", first_part, param1 ,param2 ,param3);\n        match first_part {\n            INST_ADDI =\u003e ADDI(param1 as u8),\n            INST_ADD =\u003e ADD(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_CLS =\u003e CLS,\n            INST_DRW =\u003e DRW(param1 as u8, param2 as u8, param3 as u8),\n            INST_CALL =\u003e CALL(param1),\n            INST_SYS =\u003e SYS(param1),\n            INST_RET =\u003e RET,\n            INST_JPA =\u003e JPA(param1),\n            INST_JPI =\u003e JPI(param1),\n            INST_SEX =\u003e SEX(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SNEB =\u003e SNEB(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SCD =\u003e SCD(param1 as u8),\n            INST_STR =\u003e STR(param1 as u8),\n            INST_SCL =\u003e SCL,\n            INST_EXIT =\u003e EXIT,\n            INST_LOW =\u003e LOW,\n            INST_HIGH =\u003e HIGH,\n            INST_SEY =\u003e SEY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_LDRY =\u003e LDRY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_LDR =\u003e LDR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_OR =\u003e OR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_AND =\u003e AND(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_ORY =\u003e ORY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_ADDR =\u003e ADDR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SUB =\u003e SUB(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SHR =\u003e SHR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SHL =\u003e SHL(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SUBC =\u003e SUBC(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SNEY =\u003e SNEY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_LDIA =\u003e LDIA(param1),\n            INST_RND =\u003e RND(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SKP =\u003e SKP(param1 as u8),\n            INST_SKNP =\u003e SKNP(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDRD =\u003e LDRD(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDRK =\u003e LDRK(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDRI =\u003e LDRI(param1 as u8),\n            INST_BCD =\u003e BCD(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDF =\u003e LDFX(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDF2 =\u003e LDF2(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDIX =\u003e LDIX(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LIDR =\u003e LIDR(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDIS =\u003e LDIS(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDD =\u003e LDD(param1 as u8),\n            INST_JPX =\u003e JPX(param1 as u8, param2),\n            _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn encode(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        match self {\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(target) =\u003e target \u0026 0x0FFF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e 0x00E0,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e 0x00EE,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(new_addr) =\u003e 0x1000 | (new_addr \u0026 0x0FFF),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(address) =\u003e 0x2000 | (address \u0026 0x0FFF),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                0x3000 | ((*vx_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                0x4000 | ((*vx_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x5000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(x_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                0x6000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(x_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                0x7000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8001 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8002 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8003 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8004 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8005 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8006 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8007 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x800E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x9000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr) =\u003e 0xA000 | addr,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr) =\u003e 0xB000 | addr,\n            JPX(x_register, addr) =\u003e (0xb000 | (*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | *addr,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                0xC000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, height) =\u003e {\n                0xD000\n                    | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8)\n                    | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n                    | (*height as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x_register) =\u003e 0xE09E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x_register) =\u003e 0xE0A1 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF007 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x_register) =\u003e 0xF00A | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF015 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(x_register) =\u003e 0xF018 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x_register) =\u003e 0xF01E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x_register) =\u003e 0xF029 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF033 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x_register) =\u003e 0xF055 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(x_register) =\u003e 0xF065 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(x_register) =\u003e 0x00C0 | (*x_register as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR =\u003e 0x00FB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL =\u003e 0x00FC,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LOW =\u003e 0x00FE,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH =\u003e 0x00FF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT =\u003e 0x00FD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(x_register) =\u003e 0xF030 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(x_register) =\u003e 0xF075 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(x_register) =\u003e 0xF085 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e 0xFFFF,\n            SCU(x_register) =\u003e 0x00D0 | (*x_register as u16),\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn decode(input: u16, quirk_mode: \u0026QuirkMode) -\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions {\n        let x_param = InstructionUtil::read_x_from_instruction(input);\n        let y_param = InstructionUtil::read_y_from_instruction(input);\n        let addr_param = InstructionUtil::read_addr_from_instruction(input);\n        let byte_param = InstructionUtil::read_byte_from_instruction(input);\n        let nibble_param = InstructionUtil::read_nibble_from_instruction(input);\n        let ubln = InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(input);\n        let last_byte = (input \u0026 0xFF) as u8;\n        let last_nibble = (input \u0026 0xF) as u8;\n\n        match input {\n            0x00C0..=0x00CF =\u003e match quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                QuirkMode::XOChip =\u003e SCD(last_nibble),\n                QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e SCD(last_nibble),\n            },\n            0x00E0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS,\n            0x00EE =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::RET,\n            0x00FB =\u003e {\n                match quirk_mode {\n                    QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                        // does not exist on Chip8\n                        XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n                    }\n                    QuirkMode::XOChip =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR,\n                    QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR,\n                }\n            }\n            0x00FC =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL,\n            0x00FD =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT,\n            0x00FE =\u003e match quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e LOW,\n            },\n            0x00FF =\u003e match quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e HIGH,\n            },\n            0x0000..=0x0FFF =\u003e match quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(addr_param),\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n            0x1000..=0x1FFF =\u003e JPA(addr_param),\n            0x2000..=0x2FFF =\u003e CALL(addr_param),\n            0x3000..=0x3FFF =\u003e SEX(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x4000..=0x4FFF =\u003e SNEB(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x5000..=0x5FF0 if input \u0026 0x01 == 0 =\u003e SEY(x_param, y_param),\n            0x6000..=0x6FFF =\u003e LDR(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x7000..=0x7FFF =\u003e ADD(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x8000..=0x8FFE =\u003e match last_nibble {\n                0x0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(x_param, y_param),\n                0x1 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x2 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x_param, y_param),\n                0x3 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x_param, y_param),\n                0x4 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x5 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x_param, y_param),\n                0x6 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x7 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x_param, y_param),\n                0xE =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x_param, y_param),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n            0x9000..=0x9FF0 if input \u0026 0x01 == 0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x_param, y_param),\n            0xA000..=0xAFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr_param),\n            0xB000..=0xBFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr_param),\n            0xC000..=0xCFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x_param, byte_param),\n            0xD000..=0xDFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_param, y_param, nibble_param),\n            0xE09E..=0xEFA1 =\u003e match last_byte {\n                0x9E =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(ubln),\n                0xA1 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(ubln),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n            0xF007..=0xFF65 =\u003e match last_byte {\n                0x07 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(ubln),\n                0x0A =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(ubln),\n                0x15 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(ubln),\n                0x18 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(ubln),\n                0x1E =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(ubln),\n                0x29 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(ubln),\n                0x30 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(ubln),\n                0x33 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(ubln),\n                0x55 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(ubln),\n                0x65 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(ubln),\n                0x75 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(ubln),\n                0x85 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(ubln),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n            _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn execute(\u0026self, input: \u0026mut Chip8Computer) -\u003e Chip8Computer {\n        //        print!(\"INSTRUCTION {}\", self);\n        let start_time = Instant::now();\n        let start_pc = input.registers.peek_pc();\n        input.registers.poke_pc(start_pc + 2);\n        match self {\n            // 0x0nnn Exit to System Call\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(new_address) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address);\n            }\n            // * 0x00E0 Clear Screen\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e {\n                input.video_memory.cls();\n            }\n            // 0x00EE Return from Subroutine\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(input.stack.pop());\n            }\n            // 0x1nnn Jump to Address\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(new_address) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address);\n            }\n            // 0x2nnn Call Subroutine\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(new_address) =\u003e {\n                let return_address = input.registers.peek_pc();\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address);\n                input.stack.push(\u0026return_address);\n            }\n            // 0x3xkk Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                if input.registers.peek(*vx_register) == { *byte } {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x4xkk Skip next instruction if Vx != kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                // 4xkk - SNE Vx, byte\n                // Skip next instruction if Vx != kk.\n                //\n                // The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are not equal,\n                // increments the program counter by 2.\n                if input.registers.peek(*x) != *byte {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x5xy0 Skip next instruction if Vx == Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                if input.registers.peek(*x) == input.registers.peek(*y) {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x6xkk Set Vx = kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(register, byte) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(*register, *byte);\n            }\n            // 0x7xkk Set Vx = Vx + kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(\n                    *vx_register,\n                    (input.registers.peek(*vx_register) as u16 + *byte as u16) as u8,\n                );\n            }\n            // 0x8xy0 Set value of Vy in Vx\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(*x, input.registers.peek(*y));\n            }\n            // 0x8xy1 Set Vx = Vx OR Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // shift them to 16 bit\n                let working_16_x = input.registers.peek(*x) as u16;\n                let working_16_y = input.registers.peek(*y) as u16;\n                // OR them\n                let working_16_or = working_16_x | working_16_y;\n                // shift them back to 8 bit.\n                input.registers.poke(*x, working_16_or as u8);\n                // reset of VF quirk\n                input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                debug!(\"OrVxVy [0x{x:1x}] [0x{y:1x}]\")\n            }\n            // 0x8xy2 Set Vx = Vx AND Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*x) as u16;\n                let rhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*y) as u16;\n                // reset of VF quirk\n                input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                input.registers.poke(*x, (lhs_16 \u0026 rhs_16) as u8);\n            }\n            // 0x8xy3 Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*x) as u16;\n                let rhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*y) as u16;\n                // reset of VF quirk\n                input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                input.registers.poke(*x, (lhs_16 ^ rhs_16) as u8);\n            }\n            // 0x8xy4 Set Vx = Vx + Vy (SET VF on Carry)\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs = input.registers.peek(*x) as i16;\n                let rhs = input.registers.peek(*y) as i16;\n                let working = lhs + rhs;\n                input.registers.poke(*x, working as u8);\n\n                if working \u003e= 0x100 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0xf, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy5 - SUB Vx, Vy\n                // Set Vx = Vx - Vy, set VF = NOT borrow.\n                //\n                // If Vx \u003e Vy, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vy is subtracted from Vx, and the results stored in Vx.\n\n                let lhs = input.registers.peek(*x);\n                let rhs = input.registers.peek(*y);\n\n                let mut result = 0;\n\n                let borrow_flag: u8 = if rhs \u003e lhs {\n                    result = (lhs as u16 + 0x100) - rhs as u16;\n                    0\n                } else {\n                    result = lhs as u16 - rhs as u16;\n                    1\n                };\n\n                input.registers.poke(*x, result as u8);\n                input.registers.poke(0x0f, borrow_flag);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x, _) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy6 - SHR Vx {, Vy}\n                // Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n                // SHIFT 1 Bit ----\u003e\n                // If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n                let initial_value = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                // overflow check\n                let rotated = initial_value \u003e\u003e 1;\n                input.registers.poke(*x, rotated);\n                if initial_value.bitand(0b1) == 1 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy7 - SUBN Vx, Vy\n                // Set Vx = Vy - Vx, set VF = NOT borrow.\n                //\n                // If Vy \u003e Vx, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is subtracted from Vy, and the results stored in Vx.\n                let y_register = input.registers.peek(*y);\n                let x_register = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                let (new_value, value_to_poke) = if y_register \u003c x_register {\n                    (0, (y_register as u16 + 256) - x_register as u16)\n                } else {\n                    (1, (y_register - x_register) as u16)\n                };\n                input.registers.poke(*x, value_to_poke as u8);\n                input.registers.poke(0xf, new_value);\n            }\n\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x, _) =\u003e {\n                // 8xyE - SHL Vx {, Vy}\n                // Set Vx = Vx SHL 1.\n                //\n                // If the most-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise to 0. Then Vx is multiplied by 2.\n                let initial_value = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                // overflow check\n                let rotated = initial_value \u003c\u003c 1;\n                input.registers.poke(*x, rotated);\n                if initial_value.bitand(0b10000000) == 0b10000000 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(vx_register, vy_register) =\u003e {\n                // 9xy0 - SNE Vx, Vy\n                // Skip next instruction if Vx != Vy.\n                //\n                // The values of Vx and Vy are compared, and if they are not equal, the program counter is increased by 2.\n\n                let x_reg_value = input.registers.peek(*vx_register);\n                let y_reg_value = input.registers.peek(*vy_register);\n                if x_reg_value != y_reg_value {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(new_index) =\u003e {\n                // Annn - LD I, addr\n                // Set I = nnn.\n                //\n                // The value of register I is set to nnn.\n                //  debug!(\"LdiAddr [0x{new_index:3x}]\");\n                input.registers.poke_i(*new_index);\n            }\n            // 0xBnnn Jump to nnn+V0\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr) =\u003e {\n                // Bnnn - JP V0, addr\n                // Jump to location nnn + V0.\n                //\n                // The program counter is set to nnn plus the value of V0.\n                input\n                    .registers\n                    .poke_pc(input.registers.peek(0) as u16 + addr);\n            }\n            // 0xBxnn Jump to Xnn+Vx\n            JPX(vx_register, addr) =\u003e {\n                let x_reg_value: u16 = input.registers.peek(*vx_register) as u16;\n                let shifted_x_reg = x_reg_value \u003c\u003c 8;\n                let added_addr = shifted_x_reg | addr;\n                let final_addr = added_addr + shifted_x_reg;\n                println!(\"JPX -\u003e {x_reg_value:02x} {shifted_x_reg:04x} {added_addr:04x} {final_addr:04x}\");\n                input.registers.poke_i(final_addr);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                // Cxkk - RND Vx, byte\n                // Set Vx = random byte AND kk.\n                //\n                // The interpreter generates a random number from 0 to 255,\n                // which is then ANDed with the value kk.\n                // The results are stored in Vx.\n                let mut rng = rand::thread_rng();\n                let new_value: u8 = rng.random();\n                let and_value: u8 = *byte;\n                let result = new_value \u0026 and_value;\n                debug!(\"RANDOM: [{new_value:02x}] AND: [{and_value:02x} Result: [{result:02x}]\");\n                input.registers.poke(*x, new_value \u0026 { *byte })\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(y, x, n) =\u003e {\n                // Display n-byte sprite starting at memory location I at (Vx, Vy), set VF = collision.\n\n                // The interpreter reads n bytes from memory, starting at the address stored in I.\n\n                // These bytes are then displayed as sprites on screen at coordinates (Vx, Vy).\n                // Sprites are XORed onto the existing screen.\n                // If this causes any pixels to be erased, VF is set to 1,\n                //     otherwise it is set to 0.\n                // If the sprite is positioned so part of it is outside the coordinates of the display,\n                //     it wraps around to the opposite side of the screen.\n\n                let source_memory_offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                let x_offset = input.registers.peek(*x) as u16;\n                let y_offset = input.registers.peek(*y) as u16;\n                if input.video_memory.is_highres() {\n                    // if n == 0 we have a 16 row sprite (font maybe)\n                    let actual_num_loops = if *n == 0u8 { 16 } else { *n };\n                    for byte_index in 0..actual_num_loops {\n                        let current_byte =\n                            input.memory.peek(byte_index as u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let next_byte = input\n                            .memory\n                            .peek(byte_index as u16 + 1u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let x_offset = (x_offset + byte_index as u16) * 64;\n                        for bit_index in 0..8 {\n                            input.video_memory.poke(\n                                x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16),\n                                (current_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0,\n                            );\n                            input.video_memory.poke(\n                                x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16) + 8,\n                                (next_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0,\n                            );\n                        }\n                    }\n                } else {\n                    for byte_index in 0..*n {\n                        let current_byte =\n                            input.memory.peek(byte_index as u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let x_offset: u16 = (x_offset + byte_index as u16) * 64;\n                        for bit_index in 0..8 {\n                            input.video_memory.poke(\n                                x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16),\n                                (current_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0,\n                            );\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n\n                let target = if input.video_memory.has_frame_changed {\n                    1u8\n                } else {\n                    0u8\n                };\n\n                input.registers.poke(0xf, target);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x) =\u003e {\n                // Ex9E - SKP Vx\n                // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n                //\n                // Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n                let key_to_check = input.registers.peek(*x);\n                let is_pressed = input.keypad.pressed(key_to_check);\n                if is_pressed {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x) =\u003e {\n                // ExA1 - SKNP Vx\n                // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n                //\n\n                // Checks the keyboard,\n                // and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the up position,\n                // PC is increased by 2.\n                let target_key = input.registers.peek(*x);\n                let is_pressed = input.keypad.pressed(target_key);\n                debug!(\"SnKpVx [{x:1x}]\");\n                if !is_pressed {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx07 - LD Vx, DT\n                // Set Vx = delay timer value.\n                //\n                // The value of DT is placed into Vx.\n                let value_to_set = input.delay_timer.current();\n                input.registers.poke(*x, value_to_set);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx0A - LD Vx, K\n                // Wait for a key press, store the value of the key in Vx.\n                //\n                // All execution stops until a key is pressed, then the value of that key is stored in Vx.\n                input.state = WaitingForKey;\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(source_register) =\u003e {\n                // Fx15 - LD DT, Vx\n                // Set delay timer = Vx.\n                //\n                // DT is set equal to the value of Vx.\n                let new_time = input.registers.peek(*source_register);\n                input.delay_timer.set_timer(new_time);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(new_time) =\u003e {\n                let new_value = input.registers.peek(*new_time);\n                input.sound_timer.set_timer(new_value as i32);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx1E - ADD I, Vx\n                // Set I = I + Vx.\n                //\n                // The values of I and Vx are added, and the results are stored in I.\n                let base = input.registers.peek_i();\n                let x_value = input.registers.peek(*x);\n                input.registers.poke_i(base + x_value as u16);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n                // Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n                //\n                // The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite corresponding\n                // to the value of Vx. See section 2.4, Display, for more information on\n                // the Chip-8 hexadecimal font.\n\n                let x_value: u8 = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                let real_offset = x_value as u16 * 5;\n                input.registers.poke_i(real_offset);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx33 - LD B, Vx\n                // Store BCD representation of Vx in memory locations I, I+1, and I+2.\n                //\n                // The interpreter takes the decimal value of Vx, and places the hundreds\n                // digit in memory at location in I, the tens digit at location I+1,\n                // and the ones digit at location I+2.\n\n                let to_convert = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                // how many hundreds\n                let hundreds = to_convert / 100;\n                // how many tens, minus the hundreds\n                let tens = (to_convert / 10) - (hundreds * 10);\n                // whats the leftover when dividing by 10\n                let units = to_convert % 10;\n\n                // Convert to BCD\n                let result =\n                    ((hundreds as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | units as u16 | ((tens as u16) \u003c\u003c 4) | units as u16;\n                // write them to the memory pointed to by I, I+1, and I+2\n                let target_start_offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset, hundreds);\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset + 1, tens);\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset + 2, units);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x) =\u003e {\n                // Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n                //\n                // The interpreter copi=es the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n                // starting at the address in I.\n                let offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                for i in 0..=*x {\n                    input\n                        .memory\n                        .poke(offset + i as u16, input.registers.peek(i));\n                }\n                input.registers.poke_i(offset + 1);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(x) =\u003e {\n                // Read registers V0 through Vx from memory starting at location I.\n                //\n                // The interpreter reads values from memory starting at location I into registers V0 through Vx.\n                let offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                debug!(\"STARTING TO READ AT {offset:03x}\");\n                let num_loops = x + 1;\n                debug!(\"WILL READ {num_loops:x} BYTES\");\n                for index in 0..num_loops {\n                    let src_value = input.memory.peek(index as u16 + offset);\n                    input.registers.poke(index, src_value);\n                    debug!(\"POKING Register 0x{index:02x} with 0x{src_value:04x} using offset 0x{offset:04x}\");\n                }\n                input.registers.poke_i(offset + 1);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e {}\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(x) =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"Attempt to execute SCD in Chip8 Mode\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    input.video_memory.scroll_down(*x as i32);\n                }\n            },\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"Attempt to execute SCR in Chip8 Mode\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    input.video_memory.scroll_right();\n                }\n            },\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"Attempt to execute SCL in Chip8 Mode\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    input.video_memory.scroll_left();\n                }\n            },\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LOW =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"ATTEMPT TO SET LOWRES IN CHIP8MODE\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    input.video_memory.set_lowres();\n                }\n            },\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"ATTEMPT TO SET HIGHRES IN CHIP8MODE\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    input.video_memory.set_highres();\n                }\n            },\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"ATTEMPT TO EXIT FROM CHIP8 INTERPRETER\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"EXIT INTERPRETER\");\n                }\n            },\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(x) =\u003e {\n                match input.quirk_mode {\n                    QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                        debug!(\"ATTEMPT TO LDF2 IN CHIP8MODE\");\n                    }\n                    QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                        println!(\"POINTING TO FONT AT {x:02x}\");\n                        // base = 0x100 + 0x0A*X\n                        input.registers.poke_i(0x100 + (0xA * x) as u16);\n                    }\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(x) =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"ATTEMPT TO STORE RPL IN CHIP8MODE\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"STORING FROM RPL FOR {x}\");\n                }\n            },\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(x) =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"ATTEMPT TO LOAD RPL IN CHIP8MODE\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"LOADING FROM RPL FOR {x}\");\n                }\n            },\n            SCU(x) =\u003e {\n                println!(\"SCROLL SCREEN UP {x} ROWS\");\n                match input.quirk_mode {\n                    QuirkMode::Chip8 | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                        debug!(\"Attempt to run SCU outside 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log::trace;\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub struct SoundTimer {\n    counter: i32\n}\n\nimpl Default for SoundTimer {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self::new()\n    }\n}\n\nimpl SoundTimer {\n    pub fn current(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        self.counter\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        SoundTimer {\n            counter: 0\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn set_timer(\u0026mut self, new_value: i32) {\n        trace!(\"SETTING SOUND TIMER TO {new_value}\");\n        self.counter = new_value\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        trace!(\"TICKING SOUND FROM {} to {}\", self.counter, self.counter - 1);\n        if self.counter \u003e 0 {\n            self.counter -= 1;\n            /*\n            todo: this breaks tests.  maybe its wrong?\n            if let good_thread = thread::spawn(|| {\n                beep(440).expect(\"Unable to beep\");\n                thread::sleep(time::Duration::from_millis(500));\n            }).join().unwrap().\n             */\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.counter = 0x00;\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":9,"address":[40313088],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":10,"address":[643089],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":15,"address":[734512],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":16,"address":[339157],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":23,"address":[643136],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":24,"address":[3505976,3506176,3506054],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":25,"address":[569660],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":28,"address":[643504],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":29,"address":[735263,735125,734932,735010],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":30,"address":[339608,340130],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":31,"address":[40314060,40314086],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":42,"address":[3506928],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":43,"address":[772597],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}}],"covered":13,"coverable":13},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","stack.rs"],"content":"#[derive(Clone)]\n#[derive(Default)]\npub struct Chip8Stack {\n    items: Vec\u003cu16\u003e\n}\n\n\nimpl Chip8Stack {\n    pub fn push(\u0026mut self, new_value: \u0026u16) {\n        if self.depth() == 16 {\n           // println!(\"Deep deep stack?\");\n           panic!(\"Stack Overflow\");\n        }\n        self.items.push(*new_value );\n    }\n    pub fn pop(\u0026mut self) -\u003e u16 {\n        if self.items.is_empty() {\n            panic!(\"Stack Underflow\");\n        }\n        self.items.pop().unwrap()\n    }\n    pub fn depth(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        self.items.len() as u16\n    }\n\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Stack {\n            items: vec![]\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.items = vec![]\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":9,"address":[758768],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":10,"address":[721608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":12,"address":[559412],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":14,"address":[601115],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":16,"address":[1121104],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":17,"address":[601150],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":18,"address":[1121191],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":20,"address":[251516],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":22,"address":[759024],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":23,"address":[251637],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":26,"address":[721856],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":28,"address":[40303197],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":32,"address":[721983,721920],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":33,"address":[759117,759197],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}}],"covered":14,"coverable":14},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","system_memory.rs"],"content":"use log::{trace};\n\nuse crate::constants::*;\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub struct Chip8SystemMemory {\n    memory: [u8; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize],\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8SystemMemory {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n\n        let mut x = Chip8SystemMemory {\n            memory: [0x00; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize],\n        };\n\n        x.load_fonts_to_memory();\n        x.load_schip_fonts_to_memory();\n        x\n    }\n}\nimpl Chip8SystemMemory {\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self){\n        self.memory = [0x00; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize];\n        self.load_fonts_to_memory();\n        self.load_schip_fonts_to_memory();\n    }\n    \n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8SystemMemory {\n            memory: [0x00; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize],\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn peek(\u0026self, address: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        trace!(\"PEEK: {} / {}\", address, self.memory[address as usize].clone());\n        let effective = address as i32 % CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE;\n        self.memory[effective as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke(\u0026mut self, address: u16, value: u8)  {\n        trace!(\"POKE: {} / {} to {}\", address, self.memory[address as usize], value);\n        self.memory[address as usize] = value;\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_program(\u0026mut self, program_to_load: Box\u003cVec\u003cu8\u003e\u003e) {\n        for load_index in 0..program_to_load.len() {\n            self.poke((load_index + 0x200) as u16, program_to_load[load_index]);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_fonts_to_memory(\u0026mut self) {\n        let all_font_characters = [\n            CHIP8FONT_0,\n            CHIP8FONT_1,\n            CHIP8FONT_2,\n            CHIP8FONT_3,\n            CHIP8FONT_4,\n            CHIP8FONT_5,\n            CHIP8FONT_6,\n            CHIP8FONT_7,\n            CHIP8FONT_8,\n            CHIP8FONT_9,\n            CHIP8FONT_A,\n            CHIP8FONT_B,\n            CHIP8FONT_C,\n            CHIP8FONT_D,\n            CHIP8FONT_E,\n            CHIP8FONT_F,\n        ];\n\n        for (font_index, current_font) in all_font_characters.iter().enumerate() {\n            for font_mem_offset in 0..=4 {\n                let real_offset = font_index * 5 + font_mem_offset;\n                self.poke(real_offset as u16, current_font[font_mem_offset]);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_schip_fonts_to_memory(\u0026mut self) {\n        let all_font_characters = [\n            SCHIPFONT_0, SCHIPFONT_1, SCHIPFONT_2, SCHIPFONT_3,\n            SCHIPFONT_4, SCHIPFONT_5, SCHIPFONT_6, SCHIPFONT_7,\n            SCHIPFONT_8, SCHIPFONT_9, SCHIPFONT_A, SCHIPFONT_B,\n            SCHIPFONT_C, SCHIPFONT_D, SCHIPFONT_E, SCHIPFONT_F\n        ];\n        for (font_index, current_font) in all_font_characters.iter().enumerate() {\n            let base_offset = 0x100;\n            for font_mem_offset in 0..=4 {\n                let real_offset = base_offset + font_index * 0x10 + font_mem_offset;\n                self.poke(real_offset as u16, current_font[font_mem_offset]);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[268224],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":8}},{"line":14,"address":[658924],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":17,"address":[583847],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":18,"address":[583858],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":19,"address":[649138],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":24,"address":[268368],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":25,"address":[785918],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":26,"address":[583935],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":27,"address":[3472506],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":30,"address":[268432],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":32,"address":[605181],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":36,"address":[1094848],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":37,"address":[605479,605631,605351,605260],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":38,"address":[3473219,3472667,3473251],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":39,"address":[659794,659836,659851],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":42,"address":[650016],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":43,"address":[786872,787222,787000,786786],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":16}},{"line":44,"address":[787472,787492,786817],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":17}},{"line":47,"address":[660981,660640],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[660847,660729,660662],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[270192],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[270336],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":54,"address":[787908],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":73,"address":[3474809,3474979],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":17}},{"line":74,"address":[651725],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":75,"address":[661835,661745],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":76,"address":[661827,661871],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":17}},{"line":81,"address":[652064],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":82,"address":[586829],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":88,"address":[3476331,3476501],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":17}},{"line":89,"address":[3475372],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":90,"address":[40279887],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":91,"address":[653411,653540],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":92,"address":[790268,790312],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":17}}],"covered":31,"coverable":34},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","util.rs"],"content":"pub struct InstructionUtil {}\n\nimpl InstructionUtil {\n    pub fn byte_to_bools(to_convert: u8) -\u003e [bool; 8] {\n        let mut return_values = [false; 8];\n        for i in 0..8 {\n            let new_value = to_convert \u003e\u003e i \u0026 0x1 == 1;\n            return_values[i as usize] = new_value;\n        }\n        return_values\n    }\n\n    pub fn bools_to_byte(to_convert: [bool; 8]) -\u003e u8 {\n        let mut return_value = 0u8;\n        for i in 0..to_convert.len() {\n            let new_bit = 0x1 \u003c\u003c i;\n            if to_convert[i] {\n                return_value |= new_bit\n            }\n        }\n        return_value\n    }\n\n    pub fn split_bytes(to_split: u16) -\u003e (u8, u8) {\n        let high = to_split.rotate_left(8) as u8;\n        let low = (to_split \u0026 0xff) as u8;\n\n        (high, low)\n    }\n\n    pub fn join_bytes(high: u8, low: u8) -\u003e u16 {\n        \n        (high as u16) \u003c\u003c 8 | low as u16\n    }\n\n    // nnn or addr - A 12-bit value, the lowest 12 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_addr_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u16 {\n        instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x0FFF\n    }\n\n    // n or nibble - A 4-bit value, the lowest 4 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_nibble_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n       ( instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x000F )as u8\n    }\n\n    // x - A 4-bit value, the lower 4 bits of the high byte of the instruction\n    pub fn read_x_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x0F00).rotate_right(8) as u8\n    }\n\n    // y - A 4-bit value, the upper 4 bits of the low byte of the instruction\n    pub fn read_y_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x00F0).rotate_right(4) as u8\n    }\n\n    // kk or byte - An 8-bit value, the lowest 8 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_byte_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x00FF) as u8\n    }\n\n    pub fn read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        ((to_read_from \u0026 0x0f00) \u003e\u003e 8) as u8\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":4,"address":[631008],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":5,"address":[326063],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":6,"address":[611014,611115,610944],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":7,"address":[1181163,1181106],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":8,"address":[698309,698252,698292],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":10,"address":[40365906],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":13,"address":[326288],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":14,"address":[652115],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":15,"address":[611239,611176],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":16,"address":[3564006,3564046],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":17,"address":[631458,631382,631411],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":18,"address":[1181434],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":21,"address":[40366142],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":24,"address":[40366288],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":25,"address":[652357],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":26,"address":[631513],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":31,"address":[652368],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":33,"address":[739918],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":37,"address":[3564208],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":38,"address":[611464],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":42,"address":[40366384],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":43,"address":[40366392],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":47,"address":[739968],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":48,"address":[611496],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":52,"address":[740016],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":53,"address":[698728],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":57,"address":[1181664],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":58,"address":[40366504],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":61,"address":[1181680],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":62,"address":[740088],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}}],"covered":30,"coverable":30},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","video.rs"],"content":"use log::{debug};\nuse crate::chip8::video::Chip8VideoModes::{HighRes, LowRes};\nuse crate::constants::{CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT, CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY, CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT, SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH};\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub enum Chip8VideoModes {\n    LowRes,\n    HighRes,\n}\n\n#[derive(Clone)]\npub struct Chip8Video {\n    memory: Vec\u003cbool\u003e,\n    pub has_frame_changed: bool,\n    current_res: Chip8VideoModes,\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Video {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.cls();\n        self.set_lowres();\n        self.start_frame();\n    }\n\n    pub fn is_highres(\u0026self) -\u003e bool {\n        matches!(self.current_res, HighRes)\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_highres(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.current_res = HighRes;\n        self.cls();\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_lowres(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.current_res = LowRes\n    }\n\n    pub fn get_screen_resolution(\u0026mut self) -\u003e Chip8VideoModes {\n        self.current_res\n    }\n\n    pub fn cls(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.memory.clear();\n        let num_loops = match self.current_res {\n            LowRes =\u003e {\n                CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY\n            }\n            HighRes =\u003e {\n                SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY\n            }\n        };\n        for i in 0..num_loops {\n            self.memory.push(false);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn start_frame(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.has_frame_changed = false;\n    }\n\n    pub fn new(initial_configuration: Box\u003cVec\u003cbool\u003e\u003e) -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            memory: *initial_configuration,\n            has_frame_changed: false,\n            current_res: Chip8VideoModes::LowRes,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn peek(\u0026self, address: u16) -\u003e bool {\n        let loop_value: u16 = if self.is_highres() {\n            SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY as u16\n        } else {\n            CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY as u16\n        };\n        let effective_address = if address \u003e= loop_value {\n            address % loop_value\n        } else { address };\n        self.memory[effective_address as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke(\u0026mut self, address: u16, new_value: bool) {\n        let loop_value: u16 = self.get_memory_size() as u16;\n        // Loop the address\n        let effective_address = address % loop_value;\n\n        let old_value = self.memory[effective_address as usize];\n        let xored_value = new_value ^ old_value;       // XOR of the video\n        // if the frame has already changed we dont care if it changed again.\n        if !self.has_frame_changed \u0026\u0026 old_value != xored_value {\n            self.has_frame_changed = true\n        }\n\n        //     println!(\"VIDEO POKE COMPLETE WITH {effective_address} SET TO {xored_value}\");\n        self.memory[effective_address as usize] = xored_value;\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_byte(\u0026mut self, first_address: u16, to_write: u8) {\n        for i in (0..8).rev() {\n            self.poke(first_address + (7 - i), (to_write \u0026 (1 \u003c\u003c i)) != 0);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_2byte(\u0026mut self, first_address: u16, to_write: [u8; 2]) {\n        for (idx, _) in to_write.iter().enumerate() {\n            for i in (0..8).rev() {\n                self.poke(first_address + (idx * 8) as u16 + (7 - i), (to_write[idx] \u0026 (1 \u003c\u003c i)) != 0);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn format_as_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        println!(\"FORMATTING {width}x{height}\");\n        let mut output = String::new();\n        for row in 0..height {\n            for column in 0..width {\n                let data_offset = row * width + column;\n                debug!(\"Rendering {data_offset} with value {}\", self.memory[data_offset as usize]);\n                if self.memory[data_offset as usize] {\n                    output += \"*\"\n                } else {\n                    output += \" \"\n                }\n            }\n            output += \"\\n\";\n        }\n        output\n    }\n\n    pub fn get_resolution(\u0026self) -\u003e (i32, i32) {\n        if self.is_highres() {\n            (SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n        } else {\n            (CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n        }\n    }\n    fn get_memory_size(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        width * height\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.has_frame_changed = false;\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_right(\u0026mut self) {\n        println!(\"SCROLLRIGHTPRE:::[{}]\", self.format_as_string());\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n\n        for current_row in 0..height {\n            let row_offset: usize = (current_row * width) as usize;\n\n            // Shift pixels to the right by 4 in the current row\n            for current_column in (0..(width - 4)).rev() {\n                let source_address = row_offset + current_column as usize;\n                let target_address = source_address + 4;\n                self.memory[target_address] = self.memory[source_address];\n            }\n\n            // Clear the first 4 pixels in the current row\n            self.memory[row_offset..row_offset + 4].fill(false);\n        }\n        println!(\"SCROLLRIGHTPOST:::[{}]\", self.format_as_string());\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_left(\u0026mut self) {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n\n        for current_row in 0..height {\n            let row_offset = current_row * width;\n            for current_column in 0..width - 4 {\n                let source: usize = (row_offset + current_column) as usize;\n                let target: usize = source + 4;\n                self.memory[target] = self.memory[source];\n            }\n\n            let clear_start: usize = (row_offset + width - 4) as usize;\n            let clear_end: usize = clear_start + 4;\n\n            self.memory[clear_start..clear_end].fill(false);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_up(\u0026mut self, how_far: \u0026u8) {\n        let how_far = *how_far as i32;\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        let row_shift = how_far * width;\n\n        for current_source_row in how_far..height {\n            let current_source_offset = current_source_row * width;\n            for current_source_column in 0..width {\n                let base_offset: usize = (current_source_offset + current_source_column) as usize;\n                let shifted_offset: usize = base_offset - row_shift as usize;\n                self.memory[shifted_offset] = self.memory[base_offset];\n            }\n        }\n\n        // Clear the new bottom rows after shifting\n        let clear_start = ((height - how_far) * width) as usize;\n        self.memory[clear_start..].fill(false);\n    }\n\n\n    pub fn scroll_down(\u0026mut self, how_far: i32) {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        let row_shift = how_far * width;\n\n        let max_source_row = height - how_far;\n        for current_source_row in (0..max_source_row).rev() {\n            let current_source_offset = current_source_row * width;\n            for current_source_column in 0..width {\n                let base_offset: usize = (current_source_offset + current_source_column) as usize;\n                let extended_offset: usize = base_offset + row_shift as usize;\n                self.memory[extended_offset] = self.memory[base_offset];\n            };\n        }\n\n        // Clear the new top rows after shifting\n        let clear_end = (how_far * width) as usize;\n        self.memory[0..clear_end].fill(false);\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8Video {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        let mut mem = vec![];\n        for _ in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY { mem.push(false); }\n        Chip8Video { memory: mem, has_frame_changed: false, current_res: Chip8VideoModes::LowRes }\n    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const CHIP8_REGISTER_COUNT: i32 = 16;\npub const CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE: i32 = 4096i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH: i32 = 64i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT: i32 = 32i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY: usize = (CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT * CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH) as usize;\npub const CHIP8_ROM_SIZE: usize = 512;\n\npub const RESOURCES_ROOT: \u0026str = \"../resources\";\npub const TESTS_ROOT: \u0026str = \"../resources/tests/\";\n\npub const CHIP8_KEYBOARD: [[u8; 4]; 4] = [\n    [0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x0C],\n    [0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x0D],\n    [0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0E],\n    [0x0A, 0x00, 0x0B, 0x0F]\n];\n\npub const SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT: i32 = 64;\npub const SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH: i32 = 128;\npub const SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY: usize = (SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT * SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH) as usize;\n\npub const INST_ADDI: \u0026str = \"ADDI\";\npub const INST_ADD: \u0026str = \"ADD\";\npub const INST_ADDR: \u0026str = \"ADDR\";\npub const INST_AND: \u0026str = \"AND\";\npub const INST_CLS: \u0026str = \"CLS\";\npub const INST_CALL: \u0026str = \"CALL\";\npub const INST_DRW: \u0026str = \"DRW\";\npub const INST_EXIT: \u0026str = \"EXIT\";\npub const INST_JPA: \u0026str = \"JPA\";\npub const INST_JPI: \u0026str = \"JPI\";\npub const INST_JPX: \u0026str = \"JPX\";\npub const INST_BCD: \u0026str = \"BCD\";\npub const INST_LDD: \u0026str = \"LDD\";\npub const INST_LDF: \u0026str = \"LDF\";\npub const INST_LDF2: \u0026str = \"LDF2\";\npub const INST_LDIA: \u0026str = \"LDIA\";\npub const INST_LDIX: \u0026str = \"LDIX\";\npub const INST_LIDR: \u0026str = \"LIDR\";\npub const INST_LDIS: \u0026str = \"LDIS\";\npub const INST_LDR: \u0026str = \"LDR\";\npub const INST_LDRD: \u0026str = \"LDRD\";\npub const INST_LDRI: \u0026str = \"LDRI\";\npub const INST_LDRK: \u0026str = \"LDRK\";\npub const INST_LDRY: \u0026str = \"LDRY\";\npub const INST_OR: \u0026str = \"OR\";\npub const INST_RET: \u0026str = \"RET\";\npub const INST_RND: \u0026str = \"RND\";\npub const INST_SCD: \u0026str = \"SCD\";\npub const INST_SCR: \u0026str = \"SCR\";\npub const INST_SCL: \u0026str = \"SCL\";\npub const INST_SEX: \u0026str = \"SEX\";\npub const INST_SEY: \u0026str = \"SEY\";\npub const INST_SHL: \u0026str = \"SHL\";\npub const INST_SHR: \u0026str = \"SHR\";\npub const INST_SKP: \u0026str = \"SKP\";\npub const INST_SKNP: \u0026str = \"SKNP\";\npub const INST_SNEB: \u0026str = \"SNEB\";\npub const INST_SNEY: \u0026str = \"SNEY\";\npub const INST_STR: \u0026str = \"STR\";\npub const INST_SUB: \u0026str = \"SUB\";\npub const INST_SUBC: \u0026str = \"SUBC\";\npub const INST_SYS: \u0026str = \"SYS\";\npub const INST_LOW: \u0026str = \"LOW\";\npub const INST_HIGH: \u0026str = \"HIGH\";\npub const INST_ORY: \u0026str = \"ORY\";\npub const INST_SCU: \u0026str = \"SCU\";\npub const CHIP8_PROGRAM_LOAD_OFFSET: i32 = 0x200;\npub const CHIP8FONT_0: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_1: [u8; 5] = [0x20, 0x60, 0x20, 0x20, 0x70];\npub const CHIP8FONT_2: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_3: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_4: [u8; 5] = [0x90, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x10, 0x10];\npub const CHIP8FONT_5: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_6: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_7: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x40];\npub const CHIP8FONT_8: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_9: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_A: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x90, 0x90];\npub const CHIP8FONT_B: [u8; 5] = [0xE0, 0x90, 0xE0, 0x90, 0xE0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_C: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0x80, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_D: [u8; 5] = [0xE0, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0xE0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_E: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_F: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x80, 0x80];\n\npub const SCHIPFONT_0: [u8; 0x20] = [\n    0x00, 0x00,\n    0x01, 0x80,\n    0x03, 0xc0,\n    0x06, 0x60,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x06, 0x60,\n    0x03, 0xc0,     // 0b0000001111000000\n    0x01, 0x80,     // 0b0000000110000000\n    0x00, 0x00      // 0b0000000000000000\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_1: [u8; 0x20] = [\n    0x00, 0x00,\n    0x03, 0xc0,\n    0x02, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x03, 0xf0,\n    0x00, 0x00\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_2: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC7, 0xC3, 0xC0, 0xE0,\n    0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C, 0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_3: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC7, 0xC3, 0xC0, 0xE0,\n    0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C, 0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_4: [u8; 0x20] = [0xE0, 0xF0, 0xF8, 0xFC, 0xFE, 0xF7, 0xF3, 0xF1,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC0,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_5: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x3F, 0x7F, 0x7F,\n    0x01, 0x01, 0xC1, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_6: [u8; 0x20] = [0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_7: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xE0, 0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C,\n    0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_8: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0x7E, 0xFE, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_9: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0x7F, 0x03, 0x03, 0xC7, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_A: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_B: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFE, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_C: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0x01, 0x01,\n    0x01, 0x01, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_D: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3,\n    0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C, 0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_E: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_F: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","lib.rs"],"content":"pub mod chip8 {\n    pub mod video;\n    pub mod sound_timer;\n    pub mod delay_timer;\n    pub mod keypad;\n    pub mod computer;\n    pub mod system_memory;\n    pub mod instructions;\n    pub mod cpu_states;\n    pub mod util;\n    pub mod registers;\n\n    pub mod stack;\n    pub  mod computer_manager;\n    pub mod quirk_modes;\n}\n\npub mod constants;","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","tests","computer_tests.rs"],"content":"use gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::constants::CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY;\n\n#[test]\nfn smoke() { assert!(true) }\n\nfn load_result(to_load: \u0026str) -\u003e String {\n    std::fs::read_to_string(format!(\"../resources/test/{}\", to_load)).unwrap()\n}\n\nfn load_rom(to_load: \u0026str) -\u003e Vec\u003cu8\u003e {\n    std::fs::read(format!(\"../resources/roms/{}\", to_load)).unwrap()\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn reset_clears_video() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        x.video_memory.poke(i as u16, i % 2 == 0);\n    }\n\n    x.reset();\n    x.video_memory.reset();\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level1_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let level_1_rom = load_rom(\"1-chip8-logo.ch8\");\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, (\u0026level_1_rom));\n\n    // run for 0x40 cycles\n    while x.num_cycles \u003c 0x40 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_level_1_test.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level2_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // Load the IBM rom and run it.\n    // it takes 39 cycles to get to the end so lets run it 40.\n    let test_rom_to_run = load_rom(\"2-ibm-logo.ch8\");\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, (\u0026test_rom_to_run));\n    for _ in 0..40 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    // ...then verify that the current video memory of the chip-8\n    // simulator matches what we expect it to be\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_ibm_rom_output.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level3_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n     x.load_bytes_to_memory(\n         0x200, (\u0026load_rom(\"3-corax+.ch8\"))\n     );\n    for i in 0..0x180 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_corax_plus.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn rps_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026load_rom(\"RPS.ch8\"));\n    for _ in 0..0xF0 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_rps_stage1.asc\"));\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x01);\n    for _ in 0..0x200 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_rps_stage2.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level4_test() {\n    // flags\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026load_rom(\"4-flags.ch8\"));\n    for _ in 0..0x400 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_flags.asc\"));\n}\n","traces":[{"line":7,"address":[237040],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":8,"address":[237270,237167],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":11,"address":[237488],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":12,"address":[237615,237718],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}}],"covered":4,"coverable":4},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","tests","unit_tests.rs"],"content":"use gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction;\nuse gemma::chip8::delay_timer::DelayTimer;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::JPX;\nuse gemma::chip8::keypad::Keypad;\nuse gemma::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode::{Chip8, SChipModern, XOChip};\nuse gemma::chip8::registers::Chip8Registers;\nuse gemma::chip8::sound_timer::SoundTimer;\nuse gemma::chip8::stack::Chip8Stack;\nuse gemma::chip8::system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory;\nuse gemma::chip8::util::InstructionUtil;\nuse gemma::chip8::video::{Chip8Video, Chip8VideoModes};\nuse gemma::constants::*;\nuse log::debug;\nuse rand::random;\n\nconst TEST_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_DIR: \u0026str = \"../resources/test/\";\n\nfn read_test_result(suffix: \u0026str) -\u003e String {\n    std::fs::read_to_string(TEST_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_DIR.to_owned() + suffix).unwrap()\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn smoke() {\n    assert!(true)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn decoder_test_invalid_instructions() {\n    let invalid_to_encode = [\n        0x5ab1, 0x5abf, 0x8ab8, 0x8abd, 0x8abf, 0x9ab1, 0x9abf, 0xea9d, 0xea9f, 0xeaa0, 0xeaa2,\n        0xf006, 0xf008,\n    ];\n\n    for i in invalid_to_encode {\n        assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(i, \u0026Chip8).encode(), 0xffff);\n        assert!(matches!(\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(i, \u0026Chip8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n        ));\n    }\n}\n\n/// START OF THE EXECUTION TESTS\n#[test]\nfn instruction_tests() {\n    // 0x0nnn Exit to System Call\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0xFA0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xFA0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x0AF).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x0AF);\n\n    // 0x1nnn Jump to Address\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0xABC).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xABC);\n\n    // 0x6xkk Set Vx = kk\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(1, 0x12).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0x12);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(2, 0x21).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(2), 0x21);\n\n    // 0x3xkk Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n    // The interpreter compares register Vx to kk,\n    // and if they are equal, increments the program counter by 2.\n\n    // test setup: Load value 0x84 into V1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x84);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(1, 0x48).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x84);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(1, 0x84).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    // 0x4xkk Skip next instruction if Vx != kk\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x84);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x84);\n    // skip, compare 0x84 to 0x84\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x84);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x48);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    // 0x8xy0 Set value of Vy in Vx\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x02);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0x02);\n\n    // 0x8xy1 Set Vx = Vx OR Vy\n    //   0b0101 0000 (0x50)\n    // | 0b0000 1010 (0x0A)\n    //   0b0101 1010 (0x5A)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b01010000);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b00001010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b01011010);\n\n    // 0x8xy2 Set Vx = Vx AND Vy\n    //   0b1111 1100 (0xFC)\n    // \u0026 0b1100 1010 (0xCA)\n    //   0b1100 1000 (0xC8)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xFC);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0xCA);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0xC8);\n\n    // 0x8xy3 Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy\n    //   0b1111 1100 (0xFC)\n    // ^ 0b1100 1010 (0xCA)\n    //   0b0011 0110 (0x36)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b11111100);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b11001010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00110110);\n\n    // 0x8xy4 Set Vx = Vx + Vy (SET VF on Carry)\n    //    T1             T2: Judgement Test\n    //   0x01           0xFF\n    // + 0x01           0x01\n    //   0x02 F0        0x00 F1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x00);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x02);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xff);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0);\n\n    /*\n    Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n\n    If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n    */\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b00001000);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b00000000);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x); // 0b0000 0010 (0x02) (Not Set)\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00000100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0);\n\n    x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b00001001);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00000100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x123).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 0x123);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn jp_v0addr_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    /// jump to I + nnn\n    x.registers.poke(0x0, 0xff);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x100).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x1FF);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn cls_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.peek(i as u16));\n    }\n    // draw some thing to the video memory\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x01, true);\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x03, true);\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x05, true);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS.execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn skip_next_instruction_ne_text() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x1, 0x0f).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x1, 0xf0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn addivx_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke_i(0xabc);\n    x.registers.poke(0x0, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0x0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 0xacc);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ldstvt_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(0x01).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.sound_timer.current(), 0xf0);\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    assert_eq!(x.sound_timer.current(), 0xed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn rnd_vx_byte_text() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x1, 0x0f).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    let new_value = x.registers.peek(0x1);\n    assert!(new_value \u003c 0x10);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn add_vx_byte_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // set a value in the register\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xab);\n    // add 0x10 to register\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x1, 0x10).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0xbb);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sub_vx_vy_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // load values in 2 registers\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x08);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0x8);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sne_vx_vy_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x00);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ld_dt_vx_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0x10);\n    for i in 0..0x20 {\n        x.delay_timer.tick();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ld_vx_dt_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0xed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn subn_vx_vy_test() {\n    // This instruction subtracts the value in\n    // register Vx from the value in register Vy and stores the result in register Vx.\n    // The subtraction is performed as follows: Vx = Vy - Vx. If Vy is less than Vx,\n    // the result will wrap around (due to the 8-bit nature of the registers).\n    // The carry flag (VF) is set to 1 if there is no borrow (i.e., Vy is greater\n    // than or equal to Vx), and it is set to 0 if there is a borrow.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xa0);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0xab);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // expect the result to be 0x0b\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0x0b);\n    // expect the vf register to be set to 1 as there was overflow\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x1);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xab);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0xa0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // expect the result to be 11110101, -0xB, -11, 245, 0xF5\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0xf5);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x0);\n\n    // 8xyE - SHL Vx {, Vy}\n    // Set Vx = Vx SHL 1.\n    //\n    // If the most-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise to 0. Then Vx is multiplied by 2.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0b00100000);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x1, 0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0b01000000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0b10101010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x1, 0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0b01010100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x1);\n\n    // Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n    // Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n    //\n    // The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite corresponding to the value of Vx. See section 2.4, Display, for more information on the Chip-8 hexadecimal font.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // target_sprite = 2\n    // target_offset = 0x5\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x2);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 10);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x06);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 30);\n\n    // Fx33 - LD B, Vx\n    // Store BCD representation of Vx in memory locations I, I+1, and I+2.\n    //\n    // The interpreter takes the decimal value of Vx, and places the hundreds digit\n    // in memory at location in I, the tens digit at location I+1,\n    // and the ones digit at location I+2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    // load the value 123 (0x7b)\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x7b);\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x500), 0x1);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x501), 0x2);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x502), 0x3);\n\n    // Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n    //\n    // The interpreter copies the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n    // starting at the address in I.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    // Load Registers.\n    let to_load = [0xab, 0xba, 0xca, 0xca, 0xbe, 0xef];\n    for (idx, val) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        x.registers.poke(idx as u8, *val);\n    }\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(to_load.len() as u8).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // Verify the values are in memory from 0x500 to 0x507\n    for (idx, value) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x500 + idx as u16), *value);\n    }\n\n    // Read registers V0 through Vx from memory starting at location I.\n    //\n    // The interpreter reads values from memory starting at location I into registers V0 through Vx.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    let base_offset = 0x500;\n    let to_load = [0xab, 0xba, 0xca, 0xca, 0xbe, 0xef];\n\n    // start by setting values in memory\n    for (idx, memory) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        let target_address = base_offset + idx;\n        let target_value = *memory;\n        x.memory.poke(target_address as u16, target_value);\n    }\n    // where to load from\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n    // how much to load\n    x.registers.poke(0x6, to_load.len() as u8);\n\n    // then copying them values memory to registers\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x6).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // now check that we have the right values in our registers\n    for (idx, value) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(idx as u8), *value);\n    }\n\n    // ExA1 - SKNP Vx\n    // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n    //\n    // Checks the keyboard,\n    // and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the up position,\n    // PC is increased by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x5);\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n    x.keypad.release_key(0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x206);\n\n    // Ex9E - SKP Vx\n    // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n    //\n    // Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x5);\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    x.keypad.release_key(0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x206);\n}\n\nfn draw_nibble_vx_vy_n_test_hd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    let x_register = 0x01;\n    let x_offset = 0x03;\n    let y_register = 0x02;\n    let y_offset = 0x04;\n    let char_offset = 0x100;\n    x.registers.poke(x_register, x_offset);\n    x.registers.poke(y_register, y_offset);\n    x.video_memory.set_highres();\n    x.registers.poke_i(char_offset);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, 0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    println!(\"[[{}]]\", x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"\"), x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn draw_nibble_vx_vy_n_test_sd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let x_register = 0x1;\n    let y_register = 0x2;\n    let x_offset = 1;\n    let y_offset = 2;\n    let char_offset = 0x0A;\n\n    // now lets set the X and Y to 1,2\n    x.registers.poke(x_register, x_offset);\n    x.registers.poke(y_register, y_offset);\n    x.registers.poke_i(char_offset);\n    // we are using 5 rows.\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, 5).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // now check that video memory has the values at\n    // 1,2-\u003e1,9\n    // 2,2-\u003e2,9\n    // 3,2-\u003e3,9\n    // 4,2-\u003e4,9\n    // 5,2-\u003e5,9\n    //  let byte_to_check = CHIP8FONT_0[0];\n    for row_in_sprite in 0..5 {\n        let row_data = CHIP8FONT_2[row_in_sprite];\n        for bit_in_byte in 0..8 {\n            let data_offset =\n                (x_offset as u16 + row_in_sprite as u16) * 64 + (bit_in_byte + y_offset) as u16;\n            let real_bit_in_byte = 7 - bit_in_byte;\n            let shifted_one = 0x01 \u003c\u003c real_bit_in_byte;\n            let one_shift_set = (shifted_one \u0026 row_data) \u003e 0;\n            debug!(\"ROWDATA = \\t\\t[{row_data:08b}]\\tBIT IN BYTE = \\t[{bit_in_byte}]\\tONE_SHIFT_SET = [{one_shift_set}]\\tSHIFTED ONE = [{shifted_one:08b}]\");\n            debug!(\"DATA_OFFSET FOR SOURCE DATA {}x{} is {} / offset by {}x{} and should be {} working with byte {:08b}\",\n                         bit_in_byte, row_in_sprite, data_offset, x_offset, y_offset, one_shift_set, row_data);\n        }\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sub_test() {\n    // 2nnn\n    // Call a subroutine at 2nnn\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x124).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x124);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 1);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x564).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x564);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 2);\n\n    // SETUP\n    // Return from a subroutine.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.stack.push(\u00260x132);\n    x.stack.push(\u00260xabc);\n    // EXECUTE\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RET.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // VERIFY\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xabc);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 1);\n    // EXECUTE\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RET.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // VERIFY\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x132);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ldvxk_test() {\n    // SETUP\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert!(matches!(\n        x.state,\n        gemma::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey\n    ));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn series8xy4_corex_tests() {\n    /// 8xy4\n    /// Set Vx = Vx + Vy\n    /// Set VF=1 if Carry\n    ///\n    // 1 + 1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x02);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    // 255+1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xff);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x00);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n\n    // 128+192\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 128);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 192);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 64);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 1);\n\n    // 8xy6 - SHR Vx {, Vy}\n    // Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n    //\n    // If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1,\n    // otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // 0b10101010 -\u003e 0b01010101\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b10101010);\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x0);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01010100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 1);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b10101000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01010000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b10100000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01000000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn random_produces_different_numbers() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x00);\n    let first_number = Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x01, 0xff)\n        .execute(\u0026mut x)\n        .registers\n        .peek(0x01);\n    let second_number = Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x01, 0xff)\n        .execute(\u0026mut x)\n        .registers\n        .peek(0x01);\n    assert_ne!(first_number, second_number);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn delay_timer_ticks_reduce_time() {\n    let mut st = DelayTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(100);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 97);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn delay_timer_out_of_ticks_works() {\n    let mut st = DelayTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(0);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn keypad_keys_check() {\n    let mut k = Keypad::new();\n\n    for i in 0..16 {\n        assert!(!k.key_state(i));\n    }\n\n    // press a key\n    k.push_key(1);\n    k.push_key(2);\n    assert!(k.pressed(1));\n    assert!(k.pressed(2));\n    k.release_key(1);\n    assert!(k.released(1));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn keypad_string_format_test() {\n    let k = Keypad::new();\n\n    assert_eq!(\n        k.format_as_string(),\n        read_test_result(\"gemma_keypad_string_result.asc\")\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn register_rw_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.poke(0x0, 0xff);\n    x.poke(0x1, 0xab);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek(0x0), 0xff);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek(0x1), 0xab);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn pc_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.set_pc(0x300);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek_pc(), 0x300);\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn invalid_register() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.poke(0x10, 0xff);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn format_as_string_looks_right() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    for i in 0..0x10 {\n        x.registers[i] = i as u8;\n    }\n    x.pc = 0xabc;\n    x.i_register = 0xcab;\n    let result_string = x.format_as_string();\n    assert_eq!(result_string, String::from(\"Vx: 0x00 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x04 0x05 0x06 0x07\\n    0x08 0x09 0x0a 0x0b 0x0c 0x0d 0x0e 0x0f\\nI: 0x0cab\\tPC: 0x0abc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn reset_clears_registers() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n\n    for register in 0..0x10 {\n        x.poke(register, random::\u003cu8\u003e());\n    }\n    x.reset();\n    for register in 0..0x10 {\n        assert_eq!(x.peek(register), 0x00);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sound_timer_ticks_reduce_time() {\n    let mut st = SoundTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(100);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 97);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sound_timer_out_of_ticks_works() {\n    let mut st = SoundTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(0);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn stack_push_pop_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n\n    // lets see if we can push and pop a bunch\n    x.push(\u00260xabcu16);\n    x.push(\u00260xcdeu16);\n    x.pop();\n    assert_eq!(x.depth(), 1);\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn stack_overflow_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    for i in 0..17 {\n        x.push(\u0026i);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn stack_underflow_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    x.pop();\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn stack_lots_of_subs() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    let stack_contents = [\n        0x123, 0x321, 0xabc, 0xdef, 0xbad, 0xbef, 0xfed, 0xcab, 0xbed, 0xcad, 0xfeb, 0xcab, 0xfff,\n        0x000, 0x001,\n    ];\n    for i in stack_contents {\n        x.push(\u0026i);\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.depth(), 15);\n\n    // up to 50 random loops\n    let num_loops: u8 = random::\u003cu8\u003e() % 50;\n    for i in 0..num_loops {\n        let start_count = x.depth();\n        let num_pop = random::\u003cu8\u003e() % x.depth() as u8;\n        for current_pop in 0..num_pop {\n            x.pop();\n        }\n\n        let post_pop_count = x.depth();\n        assert_eq!(post_pop_count as u8, start_count as u8 - num_pop);\n        for current_push in 0..num_pop {\n            x.push(\u0026stack_contents[(current_push + post_pop_count as u8) as usize]);\n        }\n        assert_eq!(x.depth(), 15);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_split_bytes() {\n    // from 0xABCD we should have AB high, CD low\n    let (low, high) = InstructionUtil::split_bytes(0xabcd);\n    assert_eq!(low, 0xAB);\n    assert_eq!(high, 0xCD);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_join_bytes() {\n    // from 0xAB low and 0xCD high we get 0xABCD\n    let merged = InstructionUtil::join_bytes(0xcd, 0xab);\n    assert_eq!(merged, 0xcdab);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_read_from_instruction() {\n    // from 0xABCD\n    let source = 0xABCD;\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_addr_from_instruction(source), 0xBCD);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_nibble_from_instruction(source), 0xD);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_x_from_instruction(source), 0xB);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_y_from_instruction(source), 0xC);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_byte_from_instruction(source), 0xCD);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_ubln() {\n    // from 0xABCD we should see B\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0xABCD), 0xB);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0x0123), 0x1);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0x0000), 0x0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_byte_to_bool_changes() {\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b00000000),\n        [false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false]\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11111111),\n        [true, true, true, true, true, true, true, true]\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11001100),\n        [false, false, true, true, false, false, true, true]\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11110000),\n        [false, false, false, false, true, true, true, true]\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false]),\n        0b00000000\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([true, true, true, true, true, true, true, true]),\n        0b11111111\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, true, true, false, false, true, true]),\n        0b11001100\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, false, false, true, true, true, true]),\n        0b11110000\n    );\n}\n\nfn real_build_checkboard(in_hd: bool) -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    let mut r = Chip8Video::default();\n    let (width, height) = if in_hd {\n        r.set_highres();\n        (SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n    } else {\n        (CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n    };\n\n    println!(\"BUILDING BOARD WITH SIZE OF {width}x{height}\");\n\n    for row in 0..height {\n        let data_offset = row * width;\n\n        for col in 0..width {\n            // XOR row and column indices to alternate in a checkerboard pattern\n            let to_poke = (row % 2) ^ (col % 2) == 1;\n            let local_offset: u16 = (data_offset + col) as u16;\n\n            r.poke(local_offset, to_poke);\n        }\n    }\n    r\n}\n\nfn build_checkboard_hd() -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    real_build_checkboard(true)\n}\n\nfn build_checkerboard() -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    real_build_checkboard(false)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_default_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.clone().peek(i as u16));\n        // then flip the value and test again.\n        x.poke(i as u16, true);\n        assert!(x.clone().peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_set_initial_memory_sd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    // let mut initial_memory = [false; CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY];\n    let mut ws = String::new();\n    // set our checkerboard\n    for cbr in 0..32 {\n        for cbc in 0..64 {\n            let dof = cbr * 64 + cbc;\n            if (dof as i32 % 2) == 0 {\n                x.poke(dof, true);\n                ws += \"*\";\n            } else {\n                ws += \" \";\n            }\n        }\n        ws += \"\\n\";\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.format_as_string(), ws);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_byte_test() {\n    let to_poke = 0b11001111;\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x05, to_poke);\n    let mut expected = String::new();\n    expected = \"     **  ****                                                   \\n\".to_string();\n    for i in 0..31 {\n        expected += \u0026*(\" \".repeat(64) + \"\\n\");\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.format_as_string(), expected);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_2byte_test() {\n    let to_poke: [u8; 2] = [0b11001111, 0b00111100];\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_2byte(0x00, to_poke);\n\n    let mut expected = String::new();\n    expected = \"**  ****  ****  \".to_string() + \u0026*\" \".repeat(64 - 16).to_string() + \"\\n\";\n    for i in 0..31 {\n        expected += \u0026*((*\" \".repeat(64)).to_string() + \"\\n\");\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(expected, x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_multirow_2_byte_sprite() {\n    // take 2 rows of 16bits and write them to memory\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_cls_stddef() {\n    let width = 64;\n    let height = 32;\n    let initial_memory = vec![];\n    let mut ws = String::new();\n    let mut set_x = Chip8Video::new(initial_memory.into());\n    for cbr in 0..32 {\n        ws += \u0026*\" \".repeat(width);\n        ws += \"\\n\";\n    }\n    set_x.cls();\n\n    assert_eq!(set_x.format_as_string(), ws);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_byte_test_2() {\n    let to_poke = 0b10101010;\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    v.poke_byte(0x00, to_poke);\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x00));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x01));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x02));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x03));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x04));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x05));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x06));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x07));\n    for i in 0x8..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_multi_line_test() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    let to_poke = [0b00000000, 0b11111111, 0b10101010, 0b01010101];\n\n    for (byte_in_set, byte_to_poke) in to_poke.iter().enumerate() {\n        let base_offset = byte_in_set * 64;\n        v.poke_byte(base_offset as u16, *byte_to_poke);\n    }\n\n    // row 2 column 1\n    {\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x40));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x41));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x42));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x43));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x44));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x45));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x46));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x47));\n\n        // row 3 column 1\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC0));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC1));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC2));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC3));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC4));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC5));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC6));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC7));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_moved_poke_test() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    let to_poke = [0b00000000, 0b11111111, 0b10101010, 0b01010101];\n\n    let x_offset = 20;\n    let y_offset = 5;\n\n    for (byte_in_set, byte_to_poke) in to_poke.iter().enumerate() {\n        let base_offset = (x_offset + byte_in_set) * 64 + y_offset;\n        v.poke_byte(base_offset as u16, *byte_to_poke);\n    }\n\n    let test_offset = (x_offset * 64 + y_offset) as u16;\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 1));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 2));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 3));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 4));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 5));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 6));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 7));\n\n    let test_offset = test_offset + 0x40;\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 1));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 2));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 3));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 4));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 5));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 6));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 7));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_verify_change_registered() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    v.poke(0x01, true);\n    v.poke(0x01, true);\n    assert!(v.has_frame_changed);\n\n    v.start_frame();\n    assert!(!v.has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_write_checkboard() {\n    let v = build_checkerboard();\n    assert_eq!(\n        v.clone().format_as_string(),\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_write_checkerboard.asc\")\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_zero_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    for (byte_index, data_offset) in (0..=0x100).step_by(0x40).enumerate() {\n        x.poke_byte(data_offset as u16, CHIP8FONT_0[byte_index]);\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_zero.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_multi_sprite_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    // draw a row of digits 01234567\n    let to_draw = [\n        CHIP8FONT_0,\n        CHIP8FONT_1,\n        CHIP8FONT_2,\n        CHIP8FONT_3,\n        CHIP8FONT_4,\n        CHIP8FONT_5,\n        CHIP8FONT_6,\n        CHIP8FONT_7,\n    ];\n    for (index, sprite) in to_draw.iter().enumerate() {\n        let data_base_offset = index * 0x8;\n        for (index, offset) in (0..=0x100).step_by(0x40).enumerate() {\n            x.poke_byte((data_base_offset + offset) as u16, sprite[index]);\n        }\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_multi_sprite.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_reset_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.reset();\n    assert_eq!(\n        x.format_as_string(),\n        read_test_result(\"test_reset_clears_video.asc\")\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_collision_test() {\n    // Setup: Set 0xFF to 0x00 with a new frame ready\n    // Action: Run Poke to the same area\n    // Test: Verify the 'changed' flag is tripped\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0xff);\n    x.tick();\n    // set the cell thats already set...\n    x.poke(0x00, true);\n    // it becomes unset and theres a frame changed\n    assert!(!x.peek(0x00));\n\n    assert!(x.clone().has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_collision_test2() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0b11110000);\n    assert!(x.has_frame_changed);\n    x.tick();\n    assert!(!x.has_frame_changed);\n    // clear the 'has changed' flag\n\n    // now set a no-collision value\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0b00001111);\n    assert!(x.has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_peek_out_of_bounds_doesnt_panic() {\n    let x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    let y = x.clone().peek(2049);\n    let y = x.clone().peek(0);\n\n    // if we got here we didn't panic\n    assert!(true);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_1_row_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_down(1);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_1.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_10_row_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_down(10);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_10.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_high_res_has_right_resolution() {\n    let x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    println!(\"[{}]\", x.format_as_string());\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_highdef.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_1_row_test_schip() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_down(1);\n\n    println!(\"[{}]\", x.format_as_string());\n    println!(\"[{}]\", read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_1_hd.asc\"));\n\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_1_hd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_10_row_test_schip() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_down(10);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_10_hd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_left_4_row_test_std_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_left();\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_left_4_row_test_high_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_left();\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4_hd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_right_4_row_test_std_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_right();\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_right_4_row_test_high_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_right();\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4_hd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instructions_operands_tests() {\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x000).operands(), \"0x0000\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x123).operands(), \"0x0123\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0x234).operands(), \"0x0234\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x345).operands(), \"0x0345\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x456).operands(), \"0x0456\");\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_ena_dis_tests() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    for quirk in [SChipModern, XOChip] {\n        x.quirk_mode = quirk;\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.is_highres());\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH.execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert!(x.video_memory.is_highres());\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH.execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert!(x.video_memory.is_highres());\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::LOW.execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.is_highres());\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_test_scrolling_lowres() {\n    for quirk in [SChipModern, XOChip] {\n        let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n        x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n        x.quirk_mode = quirk.clone();\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR.execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert_eq!(\n            read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4.asc\"),\n            x.dump_video_to_string()\n        );\n\n        x = Chip8Computer::new();\n        x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n        x.quirk_mode = quirk.clone();\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL.execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n        assert_eq!(\n            read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4.asc\"),\n            x.dump_video_to_string()\n        );\n\n        x = Chip8Computer::new();\n        x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n        x.quirk_mode = quirk.clone();\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(0x01).execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert_eq!(\n            read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_1.asc\"),\n            x.dump_video_to_string()\n        );\n\n        x = Chip8Computer::new();\n        x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n        x.quirk_mode = quirk.clone();\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(0xA).execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert_eq!(\n            read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_10.asc\"),\n            x.dump_video_to_string()\n        );\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn computer_dump_keypad_to_string() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x1);\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x2);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_keypad_to_string.asc\"),\n        x.dump_keypad_to_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn computer_dump_registers_to_string() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let values_to_set = [\n        0x0b, 0xad, 0xbe, 0xef, 0xca, 0xb0, 0x7a, 0xc0, 0xca, 0x70, 0xba, 0xdb, 0xed, 0x00, 0x00,\n        0x00,\n    ];\n    let expected_value = \"Vx: 0x0b 0xad 0xbe 0xef 0xca 0xb0 0x7a 0xc0\\n    0xca 0x70 0xba 0xdb 0xed 0x00 0x00 0x00\\nI: 0x0000\\tPC: 0x0200\";\n\n    for i in 0..16 {\n        x.registers.poke(i, values_to_set[i as usize]);\n    }\n\n    // now verify.\n    assert_eq!(expected_value, x.dump_registers_to_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_up_tests_sd() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    let distance = 1u8;\n    x.scroll_up(\u0026distance);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_up_test_sd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_up_tests_hd() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    let distance = 1u8;\n    x.scroll_up(\u0026distance);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_up_test_hd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_resolution_changing() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    x.set_highres();\n    assert_eq!(x.get_resolution(), (SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT));\n    assert!(matches!(\n        x.get_screen_resolution(),\n        Chip8VideoModes::HighRes\n    ));\n    x.set_lowres();\n    assert_eq!(x.get_resolution(), (CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT));\n    assert!(matches!(x.get_screen_resolution(), Chip8VideoModes::LowRes));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn delay_timer_default() {\n    let t = DelayTimer::default();\n    assert_eq!(t.current(), 0xff);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_jpx() {\n    // JPX -\u003e 0xBXnn\n    // Jump to Xnn+Vx\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // set X1 to 4...\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x04);\n    // ...use (x1)+0x134\n    let to_execute = JPX(0x01, 0x34);\n    // expect to set PC to 0x834\n    to_execute.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 0x834);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_ldrd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.state = WaitingForInstruction;\n    x.delay_timer.set_timer(0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x01).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x01);\n    x.delay_timer.set_timer(0xff);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x00), 0xff);\n    x.step_system();\n    x.step_system();\n    x.step_system();\n    x.step_system();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0), 0xfb);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_hires_loop_check() {\n    let max_address = SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY;\n    let x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.peek((max_address + 1) as u16);\n    // if we got here we didn't explode!\n    assert!(true);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sound_timer_default() {\n    let x = SoundTimer::default();\n    assert_eq!(x.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn system_memory_new() {\n    let x = Chip8SystemMemory::new();\n    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gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::*;\nuse gemma::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode::{Chip8, SChipModern, XOChip};\nuse gemma::constants::*;\n\n#[derive(Clone)]\nstruct InstructionTestQuirks {\n    chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions,\n    schip: Chip8CpuInstructions,\n    xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions,\n}\n\n#[derive(Clone)]\nstruct InstructionTest {\n    name: String,\n    instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions,\n    operands: String,\n    asm: String,\n    encoded: u16,\n    quirks: InstructionTestQuirks,\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instructions_encode_decode_tests_with_quirks() {\n    let it = vec![\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SYS.to_string(),\n            instruction: SYS(0x123),\n            operands: \"0x0123\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SYS 0x0123\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x0123,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SYS(0x123),\n                schip: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                xochip: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_CLS.to_string(),\n            instruction: CLS,\n            asm: \"CLS\".to_string(),\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00E0,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: CLS,\n                schip: CLS,\n                xochip: CLS,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_RET.to_string(),\n            instruction: RET,\n            asm: \"RET\".to_string(),\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00ee,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: RET,\n                schip: RET,\n                xochip: RET,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPX.to_string(),\n            instruction: JPX(0x1, 0xab),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0x01ab\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"JPX 0x01, 0x01ab\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xb1ab,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: JPX(0x1, 0xab),\n                xochip: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_CALL.to_string(),\n            instruction: CALL(0x123),\n            asm: \"CALL 0x0123\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x2123,\n            operands: \"0x0123\".to_string(),\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: CALL(0x123),\n                schip: CALL(0x123),\n                xochip: CALL(0x123),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_DRW.to_string(),\n            instruction: DRW(0x01, 0x02, 0x03),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0x02, 0x03\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"DRW 0x01, 0x02, 0x03\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xd123,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: DRW(0x1, 0x2, 0x3),\n                schip: DRW(0x1, 0x2, 0x3),\n                xochip: DRW(0x1, 0x2, 0x3),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPI.to_string(),\n            instruction: JPI(0x321),\n            operands: \"0x0321\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"JPI 0x0321\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xb321,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: JPI(0x321),\n                schip: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                xochip: JPI(0x321),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SCD.to_string(),\n            instruction: SCD(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SCD 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00c1,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: SCD(0x1),\n                xochip: SCD(0x1),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SCR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SCR\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FB,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: SCR,\n                xochip: SCR,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SCL.to_string(),\n            instruction: SCL,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SCL\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FC,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: SCL,\n                xochip: SCL,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_EXIT.to_string(),\n            instruction: EXIT,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"EXIT\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FD,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: EXIT,\n                xochip: EXIT,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LOW.to_string(),\n            instruction: LOW,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LOW\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FE,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: LOW,\n                xochip: LOW,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_HIGH.to_string(),\n            instruction: HIGH,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"HIGH\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FF,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: HIGH,\n                xochip: HIGH,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SEX.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x01, 0xfa),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xfa\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SEX 0x01, 0xfa\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x31fa,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x1, 0xfa),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x1, 0xfa),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x1, 0xfa),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SNEB.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x01, 0xab),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SNEB 0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x41ab,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SNEB(0x01, 0xab),\n                schip: SNEB(0x01, 0xab),\n                xochip: SNEB(0x01, 0xab),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SEY.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SEY 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x5120,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SEY(0x1, 0x2),\n                schip: SEY(0x1, 0x2),\n                xochip: SEY(0x1, 0x2),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDR.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDR(0xa, 0xbe),\n            operands: \"0x0a, 0xbe\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDR 0x0a, 0xbe\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x6abe,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDR(0xa, 0xbe),\n                schip: LDR(0xa, 0xbe),\n                xochip: LDR(0xa, 0xbe),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADD.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x01, 0xab),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ADD 0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x71ab,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: ADD(0x01, 0xab),\n                schip: ADD(0x01, 0xab),\n                xochip: ADD(0x01, 0xab),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRK.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x6),\n            operands: \"0x06\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRK 0x06\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF60A,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x6),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x6),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x6),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADDI.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0x02),\n            operands: \"0x02\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ADDI 0x02\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF21E,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: ADDI(0x02),\n                schip: ADDI(0x02),\n                xochip: ADDI(0x02),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADD.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x02, 0x12),\n            operands: \"0x02, 0x12\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ADD 0x02, 0x12\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x7212,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: ADD(0x02, 0x12),\n                schip: ADD(0x02, 0x12),\n                xochip: ADD(0x02, 0x12),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SCU.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SCU(0x04),\n            operands: \"0x04\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SCU 0x04\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00D4,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                xochip: SCU(0x04),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADDR.to_string(),\n            instruction: ADDR(0x01, 0x02),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ADDR 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8124,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: ADDR(0x01, 0x02),\n                schip: ADDR(0x01, 0x02),\n                xochip: ADDR(0x01, 0x02),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_AND.to_string(),\n            instruction: AND(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"AND 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8122,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: AND(0x1, 0x2),\n                schip: AND(0x1, 0x2),\n                xochip: AND(0x1, 0x2),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPA.to_string(),\n            instruction: JPA(0x345),\n            operands: \"0x0345\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"JPA 0x0345\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x1345,\n\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: JPA(0x345),\n                schip: JPA(0x345),\n                xochip: JPA(0x345),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_BCD.to_string(),\n            instruction: BCD(0xc),\n            operands: \"0x0c\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"BCD 0x0c\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xfc33,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: BCD(0xcd),\n                schip: BCD(0xcd),\n                xochip: BCD(0xcd),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDD.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDD(0xfc),\n            operands: \"0xfc\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDD 0xfc\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xfc15,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDD(0xfc),\n                schip: LDD(0xfc),\n                xochip: LDD(0xfc),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ORY.to_string(),\n            instruction: ORY(0x01, 0x3),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x3\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ORY 0x1, 0x3\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8133,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: ORY(0x01, 0x3),\n                schip: ORY(0x01, 0x3),\n                xochip: ORY(0x01, 0x3),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SUBC.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SUBC 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8127,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SUB.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SUB 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8125,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x2),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x2),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x2),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_STR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(0x06),\n            operands: \"0x06\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"STR 0x06\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf675,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(0x06),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(0x06),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_OR.to_string(),\n            instruction: OR(0x01, 0x02),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"OR 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8121,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: OR(0x01, 0x02),\n                schip: OR(0x01, 0x02),\n                xochip: OR(0x01, 0x02),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SHR.to_string(),\n            instruction: SHR(0x04, 0x4),\n            operands: \"0x4, 0x4\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SHR 0x4, 0x4\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8446,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SHR(0x04, 0x4),\n                schip: SHR(0x04, 0x4),\n                xochip: SHR(0x04, 0x4),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SHL.to_string(),\n            instruction: SHL(0x04, 0x4),\n            operands: \"0x4, 0x4\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SHL 0x4, 0x4\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x844e,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SHL(0x04, 0x4),\n                schip: SHL(0x04, 0x4),\n                xochip: SHL(0x04, 0x4),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_RND.to_string(),\n            instruction: RND(0x01, 0xff),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xff\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"RND 0x01, 0xff\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xc1ff,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: RND(0x01, 0xff),\n                schip: RND(0x01, 0xff),\n                xochip: RND(0x01, 0xff),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRY.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDRY(0x01, 0x02),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRY 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8120,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDRY(0x01, 0x02),\n                schip: LDRY(0x01, 0x02),\n                xochip: LDRY(0x01, 0x02),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDIS.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDIS(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDIS 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf118,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDIS(0x01),\n                schip: LDIS(0x01),\n                xochip: LDIS(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LIDR.to_string(),\n            instruction: LIDR(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LIDR 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf185,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: LIDR(0x01),\n                xochip: LIDR(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDF2.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDF2(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDF2 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf130,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: LDF2(0x01),\n                xochip: LDF2(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDF.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDFX(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDF 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf129,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDFX(0x01),\n                schip: LDFX(0x01),\n                xochip: LDFX(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDIA.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDIA(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x0001\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDIA 0x0001\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xa001,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDIA(0x01),\n                schip: LDIA(0x01),\n                xochip: LDIA(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDIX.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDIX(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDIX 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf155,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDIX(0x01),\n                schip: LDIX(0x01),\n                xochip: LDIX(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRD.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRD 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf107,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x01),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x01),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRI.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRI 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf165,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x01),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x01),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SKP.to_string(),\n            instruction: SKP(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SKP 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xe19e,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SKP(0x01),\n                schip: SKP(0x01),\n                xochip: SKP(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SNEY.to_string(),\n            instruction: SNEY(0x01, 0x1),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x1\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SNEY 0x1, 0x1\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x9110,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SNEY(0x01, 0x1),\n                schip: SNEY(0x01, 0x1),\n                xochip: SNEY(0x01, 0x1),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SKNP.to_string(),\n            instruction: SKNP(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SKNP 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xe1a1,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SKNP(0x01),\n                schip: SKNP(0x01),\n                xochip: SKNP(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n    ];\n\n    for current in it {\n        let instruction = current.clone().instruction;\n        let asm = Chip8CpuInstructions::from_str(\u0026current.asm);\n        let as_chip8 = Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(current.encoded, \u0026Chip8);\n        let quirks_chip8 = current.quirks.chip8;\n        let as_schip = Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(current.encoded, \u0026SChipModern);\n        let quirks_schip = current.quirks.schip;\n        let as_xochip = Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(current.encoded, \u0026XOChip);\n        let quirks_xochip = current.quirks.xochip;\n\n        // ** CONVERSION **\n        // -\u003e Integer to Instruction\n        assert!(matches!(\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(current.encoded, \u0026Chip8),\n            i\n        ));\n        // -\u003e Instruction to Integer\n        println!(\n            \"TESTING INSTRUCTION TO INTEGER FOR {:?} / {:04x} {:04x}\",\n            current.instruction,\n            current.encoded,\n            instruction.encode()\n        );\n        assert_eq!(current.encoded, instruction.encode());\n        // -\u003e Instruction to String\n        assert_eq!(instruction.to_string(), current.asm);\n        assert_eq!(instruction.operands(), current.operands);\n        assert_eq!(current.instruction.name(), current.name);\n        // -\u003e String to Instruction\n        assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::from_str(\u0026current.name), asm));\n        // ** QUIRKS **\n        assert!(matches!(as_chip8, quirks_chip8));\n        assert!(matches!(as_schip, quirks_schip));\n        assert!(matches!(as_xochip, quirks_xochip));\n    }\n}\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","gemmaegui.rs"],"content":"use std::path::PathBuf;\nuse std::time::Instant;\nuse crate::support::gemma_egui_support::{EGuiFileList, GemmaEguiSupport};\nuse eframe::egui;\nuse egui::Key;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\n\nmod support;\n\nconst LIN_KEYS: [[(Key, u8); 4]; 4] = [\n    [(Key::Num1, 0x01), (Key::Num2, 0x02), (Key::Num3, 0x03), (Key::Num4, 0x0c)],\n    [(Key::Q, 0x04), (Key::W, 0x05), (Key::E, 0x06), (Key::R, 0x0d)],\n    [(Key::A, 0x07), (Key::S, 0x08), (Key::D, 0x09), (Key::F, 0x0e)],\n    [(Key::Z, 0x0a), (Key::X, 0x00), (Key::C, 0x0b), (Key::V, 0x0F)]\n];\n\n#[derive(Default)]\nstruct DisplayOptions {\n    pub video: bool,\n    pub registers: bool,\n    pub memory: bool,\n}\npub struct GemmaViewerState {\n    pub selected_file_index: i32,\n    pub selected_filename: String,\n    pub display_options: DisplayOptions,\n}\n\nimpl Default for GemmaViewerState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        GemmaViewerState {\n            selected_file_index: -1,\n            selected_filename: String::new(),\n            display_options: Default::default(),\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl GemmaViewerState {\n    pub fn new() -\u003e GemmaViewerState {\n        GemmaViewerState {\n            ..Default::default()\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nfn main() -\u003e eframe::Result {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n\n    let mut computer = Chip8ComputerManager::new();\n    let mut state = GemmaViewerState::new();\n\n    let options = eframe::NativeOptions {\n        viewport: egui::ViewportBuilder::default().with_inner_size([320.0, 240.0]),\n        ..Default::default()\n    };\n\n    eframe::run_simple_native(\"EGUI Gemma\", options, move |ctx, _frame| {\n        catppuccin_egui::set_theme(ctx, catppuccin_egui::MOCHA);\n        egui::CentralPanel::default().show(ctx, |ui| {\n            let frame_start_time = Instant::now();\n\n            let local_computer = computer.state();\n            //if state.display_video {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::video_view(local_computer, ui);\n            // }\n\n            ui.heading(\"EGUI Gemma\");\n\n            //  if state.display_memory {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::memory_view(local_computer, ui);\n            //  }\n\n            //  if state.display_registers {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::registers_view(local_computer, ui);\n            //  }\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                if ui.button(\"Start\").clicked() {\n                    computer.start();\n                }\n                if ui.button(\"Step\").clicked() {\n                    computer.step();\n                }\n\n                if ui.button(\"Stop\").clicked() {\n                    computer.stop();\n                    //     state.is_running = false;\n                }\n                if ui.button(\"Reset\").clicked() {\n                    computer.reset();\n                    //   state.is_running = false;\n                }\n            });\n\n            if ui.button(format!(\"Load {}\", state.selected_filename)).clicked() {\n               // println!(\"Should load the bin now\");\n                let read_bin = std::fs::read(PathBuf::from(format!(\"resources/roms/{}\", state.selected_filename))).unwrap();\n                computer.load_new_program_to_system_memory(read_bin);\n            };\n            EGuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(\"resources/roms\"), \u0026mut state.selected_filename, ui);\n            ctx.input(|input| {\n                // loop through the keys we are checking...\n                for row in LIN_KEYS {\n                    for (keyboard_key, keypad_key) in row {\n                        if input.key_pressed(keyboard_key) {\n                            computer.press_key(keypad_key);\n                           // println!(\"KEY {keypad_key:02x} DOWN\");\n                        } else {\n                            // release it if the user just did\n                            if computer.is_key_pressed(keypad_key) {\n                                computer.release_key(keypad_key);\n                            //    println!(\"KEY {keypad_key:02x} up\");\n                            }\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n            });\n\n            // run our target number of ticks in the amount of available time.\n            let time_consumed = Instant::now().duration_since(frame_start_time).as_millis();\n            let mut num_ticks = 0;\n            while num_ticks \u003c 1000 {\n                computer.tick();\n                num_ticks += 1;\n            }\n            ctx.request_repaint();\n        });\n    })\n}\n","traces":[{"line":31,"address":[3146416,3146584],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[3146435],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[3146440,3146497],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[3146608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[3146704,3147747,3147778],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3146751],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[3146815],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[3146845],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[3146954,3146909],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[3104176],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[3104216],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[3104368,3104260,3106015],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3104393],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[3104436],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":66,"address":[3104469],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[3104479],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[3104530],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[3104545],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[3106947,3104659,3106048],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[3106073,3106187],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[3106262],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[3106278,3106401],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":83,"address":[3106485],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[3106624,3106501],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[3106708],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[3106847,3106724],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[3106928],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[3105015,3105134,3104790,3104880],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[3105226,3105446,3105316],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[3105709],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":101,"address":[3105726],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[3106976,3107634,3105789],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[3107225,3107001,3107158],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[3107241,3107485,3107415],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[3107513,3107477],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[3107569,3107629],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[3107542,3107592],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":112,"address":[3107605],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":121,"address":[3105801],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":122,"address":[3105900],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":123,"address":[3105911,3105997],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":124,"address":[3105959],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":125,"address":[3105968,3105999],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":127,"address":[3105929],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":44},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_state.rs"],"content":"use std::ops::Range;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\n\npub struct GemmaEGuiState {\n    pub display_video: bool,\n    pub display_memory: bool,\n    pub display_registers: bool,\n    pub memory_view: Range\u003ci32\u003e,\n    pub computer: Chip8ComputerManager,\n    pub selected_rom_filename: String\n}\n\nimpl Default for GemmaEGuiState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            display_video: true,\n            display_memory: true,\n            display_registers: true,\n            memory_view: 0x00..0x200,\n            computer: Chip8ComputerManager::new(),\n            selected_rom_filename: String::new()\n        }\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[3128912,3129135],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[3128943],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[3128965],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":3},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_support.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::read_dir;\nuse std::path::PathBuf;\nuse egui::{Align, Color32, ComboBox, Pos2, TextBuffer};\nuse egui::Rect;\nuse egui::Vec2;\nuse egui::Ui;\nuse crate::Chip8Computer;\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: f32 = 5.0;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: f32 = 5.0;\n\npub struct EGuiFileList {}\nimpl EGuiFileList {\n    pub fn display_path(root: PathBuf, selected_filename: \u0026mut String, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let working_filename = selected_filename.clone();\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n           //  ui.label(format!(\"Displaying {}\", root.to_str().unwrap_or(\"Unable to Load Path\")));\n            ComboBox::from_label(\"Select ROM\")\n                .selected_text(selected_filename.clone())\n                .show_ui(ui, |ui| {\n\n                    let mut sorted_options = vec![];\n                    for option in read_dir(root.as_path()).unwrap() {\n                        let to_push = option.unwrap().file_name().into_string().unwrap_or( String::new());\n                        sorted_options.push(to_push);\n                    }\n\n                    sorted_options.sort();\n                    for item in sorted_options {\n                    // Add each option to the ComboBox\n                      if  ui.selectable_label(selected_filename.eq(\u0026item.as_str()), item.clone()).clicked()\n                        {\n                            *selected_filename = item;\n                        }\n                    }\n                });\n            // Display the selected option\n        });\n    }\n}\n\npub struct GemmaEguiSupport {}\n\nimpl GemmaEguiSupport {\n    pub fn controls_view(system: \u0026mut Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(Align::TOP), |ui| {\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_memory, \"Display Memory\");\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_video, \"Display Video\");\n         //   ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_registers, \"Display Registers\");\n        });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(format!(\"V0-7: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x00),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x01),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x02),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x03),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x04),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x05),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x06),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x07)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"V8-F: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x08),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x09),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0A),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0B),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0C),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0D),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0E),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0F)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"PC: {:04x}\\tI: {:04x}\", system.registers.peek_pc(), system.registers.peek_i()));\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let (_resp, painter) = ui.allocate_painter(Vec2::new(350.0, 165.0), egui::Sense::hover());\n        for current_row in 0..32 {\n            for current_col in 0..64 {\n                let data_offset = current_row * 64 + current_col;\n                let x_offset = current_col as f32 * CELL_WIDTH;\n                let y_offset = current_row as f32 * CELL_HEIGHT;\n                let origin = Pos2::new(x_offset, y_offset);\n                let colour = if system.video_memory.peek(data_offset) {\n                    Color32::RED\n                } else {\n                    Color32::WHITE\n                };\n                let rect = Rect::from_min_size(origin, Vec2::new(CELL_WIDTH, CELL_HEIGHT));\n                painter.rect_filled(rect, 0.0, colour);\n                // println!(\"Cell {current_col}x{current_row} at {}x{} -\u003e {}\",\n                //          origin.x, origin.y,\n                //          system.video_memory.peek(data_offset));\n            }\n        }\n    //    thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));\n    }\n\n    pub fn memory_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(\"Memory View\");\n\n        for i in (0..=0x200).step_by(16) {\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                for y in 0..16 {\n                    ui.label(format!(\"{:02x}\", system.memory.peek((i + y) as u16)).as_str());\n                }\n            });\n        }\n        ui.label(\"Should have **something** to adjust the 'memory window'\");\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[3110416,3110849],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":15,"address":[3110446],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":16,"address":[3110677],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":18,"address":[3133532,3133598,3133422],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[3133648,3133467,3133580],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[3133680,3133588,3135892,3135471],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3133716],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[3134103,3133773,3134242,3135843,3133877,3134275],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[3135870,3135502],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[3135768],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3134517],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3134741,3134551,3134791,3135447],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[3135434,3134831,3134941,3135142],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[3135253],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[3110880],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[3110999],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[3111120],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[3113928,3113696,3114160,3112280,3114392,3113464,3114772,3113000,3113232,3112768],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[3111168],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[3111305],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[3111445],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[3111585],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[3111725],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[3111865],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3112005],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[3112145],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[3115922,3117570,3118414,3116410,3116642,3117106,3117802,3117338,3116874,3118034],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":66,"address":[3114807],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[3114947],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[3115087],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[3115227],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[3115367],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":71,"address":[3115507],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[3115647],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[3115787],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[3118455,3118722,3119018,3119250,3119433,3118591],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[3119488,3120876],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[3119543],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[3119937,3120041,3119855],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[3120160,3120062],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[3120275,3120444],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":83,"address":[3120364],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":84,"address":[3120398],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[3120484],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[3120561,3120520],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[3120563],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[3120548],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[3120790],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":101,"address":[3120912],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[3120944],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[3120978,3121190],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[3121303],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[3136040,3135982],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[3136051,3136181,3136611,3136429],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[3121133],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":55},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","mod.rs"],"content":"pub mod gemma_egui_state;\npub mod gemma_egui_support;\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","gemmaimgui.rs"],"content":"use std::default::Default;\nuse std::time::Instant;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\nuse support::{emmagui_support::GemmaImguiSupport, ui_state::ImGuiUiState};\n\n\nmod support;\n\n/// Keypad Mappings for my Linux box\n/// 1 2 3 C\n/// 4 5 6 D\n/// 7 8 9 E\n/// A 0 B F\n\nconst LIN_KEYS: [(u16, u8); 0x10] = [(537, 0x01),(538, 0x02),(539, 0x03),(540, 0x0c),\n                              (562, 0x04),(568, 0x05),(550, 0x06),(563, 0x0d),\n                              (546, 7),(564, 8),(549, 9),(551, 0xe),\n                              (571, 0xa),(569, 0),(548, 0xb),(567, 0xf)];\n\nfn main() {\n    pretty_env_logger::init();\n\n    let mut system = Chip8ComputerManager::default();\n    let mut ui_state = ImGuiUiState::default();\n\n    support::simple_init(file!(), move |_, ui| {\n        let current_time = Instant::now();\n        let mut num_cycles = 0;\n\n        // Key Checks\n        let down_keys = ui.io().keys_down;\n\n        // START DEBUG CODE TO DISPLAY WHAT KEYS WE TRAPPED\n        for (idx, val) in down_keys.iter().enumerate() {\n            if *val {\n                println!(\"{idx} = {val}\");\n            }\n        }\n        // END DEBUG CODE\n\n        for (key_code, key_reg) in LIN_KEYS {\n            if down_keys[key_code as usize] {\n                system.press_key(key_reg);\n                system.wait_for_instruction();\n            } else {\n                // do we need to release it?\n\n                if system.is_key_pressed(key_reg) {\n                    system.release_key(key_reg);\n                }\n            }\n        }\n\n        let target_ms = ui_state.frame_time;\n        let loop_start_time = Instant::now();\n        while Instant::now().duration_since(current_time).as_millis() \u003c target_ms as u128 \u0026\u0026 num_cycles \u003c ui_state.target_ips {\n            if system.tick() {\n                num_cycles += 1;\n            }\n        }\n        let cycles_time = Instant::now().duration_since(loop_start_time);\n        if num_cycles \u003e 0 {\n            println!(\"Ran for {}ms and executed {}/{} cycles.\", cycles_time.as_millis(), num_cycles, ui_state.target_ips);\n        }\n        // GUI Parts\n        if ui_state.show_video {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::video_display(system.state(), \u0026ui_state, ui);\n        }\n\n        GemmaImguiSupport::system_controls(\u0026mut system, \u0026mut ui_state, ui);\n\n        if ui_state.show_registers {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::registers_view(system.state(), ui);\n        }\n\n        if ui_state.show_memory {\n            let active_instruction = system.state().registers.peek_pc();\n            GemmaImguiSupport::hex_memory_display(system.state().memory, (0x100, 0x10), active_instruction as i16, ui);\n        }\n\n        if ui_state.show_keypad {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::keypad_display(system.state(), ui);\n        }\n    });\n}\n","traces":[{"line":20,"address":[3892337,3892032,3892308],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[3892069],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[3892086],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[3892116],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[3892164],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3995320],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3995355],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[3995363],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[3995629,3995394],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[3995661],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[3997394],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[3995880,3995748,3995555,3995691],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[3995914,3997001],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[3997076],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[3997136],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[3997094,3997049],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3997112],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[3995831],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[3995848],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[3995939,3996117],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[3996975,3996134],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[3996980,3996952],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[3996039],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3996103],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[3996184,3996424,3996520],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":66,"address":[3996158],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[3996710],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[3996674],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[3996694],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[3996764],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[3996748],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[3996806],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[3996846],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[3996790],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[3996931],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":35},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","support","emmagui_support.rs"],"content":"use gemma::constants::CHIP8_KEYBOARD;\nuse std::fs::File;\nuse std::io::Read;\nuse std::path::{Path, PathBuf};\nuse imgui::{CollapsingHeader, Condition, ImColor32, Ui};\nuse log::debug;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::ManagerDumpables::{Keyboard, Registers, Video};\nuse gemma::chip8::system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory;\nuse crate::ImGuiUiState;\nuse crate::support::gui_file_list::GuiFileList;\n\nconst ROM_ROOT: \u0026str = \"resources/roms\";\n\npub struct GemmaImguiSupport {}\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: i32 = 5i32;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: i32 = 5i32;\n\nimpl GemmaImguiSupport {\n    pub fn keypad_display(system_to_display: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        ui.window(\"Keypad\".to_string())\n            .position([100.0, 640.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                for row in CHIP8_KEYBOARD {\n                    for key in row {\n                        let label = if system_to_display.keypad.pressed(key) {\n                            format!(\"*{:1x}*\", key)\n                        } else {\n                            format!(\"{:1x}\", key)\n                        };\n                        ui.text(\u0026label);\n                        ui.same_line();\n                    }\n                    ui.text(\"\");\n                }\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_display(system_to_control: \u0026Chip8Computer, gui_state: \u0026ImGuiUiState, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        // draw area size\n        let (width, height) = system_to_control.video_memory.get_resolution();\n        let draw_area_size = ui.io().display_size;\n        //  println!(\"DRAW_AREA_SIZE = {}x{}\", draw_area_size[0], draw_area_size[1]);\n        let cell_width = ((draw_area_size[0] as i32 / width) * 6) / 10;\n        let cell_height = ((draw_area_size[1] as i32 / height) * 6) / 10;\n\n        let origin = ui.cursor_pos();\n        let fg = ui.get_foreground_draw_list();\n        if system_to_control.video_memory.is_highres() {\n            // ui.text(\"High Def Video here\");\n            for current_row in 0..=height {\n                let y_offset = origin[1] as i32 + (current_row * cell_height);\n                for current_column in 0..=width {\n                    let x_offset = origin[0] as i32 + (current_column * cell_width);\n                    let current_origin = [x_offset as f32, y_offset as f32];\n                    let current_limit = [(x_offset + cell_width) as f32, (y_offset + cell_height) as f32];\n                    let memory_offset = (current_row * width + current_column) as u16;\n                    let to_render = system_to_control.video_memory.peek(memory_offset);\n                    let color: ImColor32 = if to_render {\n                        gui_state.on_colour\n                    } else {\n                        gui_state.off_colour\n                    };\n                    fg.add_rect_filled_multicolor(current_origin, current_limit, color, color, color, color);\n                }\n            }\n        } else {\n            for current_row in 0..height {\n                let y_offset = origin[1] as i32 + (current_row * cell_height);\n                for current_column in 0..width {\n                    let x_offset = origin[0] as i32 + (current_column * cell_width);\n                    let current_origin = [x_offset as f32, y_offset as f32];\n                    let current_limit = [(x_offset + cell_width) as f32, (y_offset + cell_height) as f32];\n                    let memory_offset = (current_row * width + current_column) as u16;\n                    let to_render = system_to_control.video_memory.peek(memory_offset);\n                    let color: ImColor32 = if to_render {\n                        gui_state.on_colour\n                    } else {\n                        gui_state.off_colour\n                    };\n                    fg.add_rect_filled_multicolor(current_origin, current_limit, color, color, color, color);\n                }\n            }\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn system_controls(system_to_control: \u0026mut Chip8ComputerManager, gui_state: \u0026mut ImGuiUiState, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        // let mut state: Chip8Computer = system_to_control;\n        ui.window(\"!!!! CONTROLS !!!!\")\n            .position([100.0, 640.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                /* System Step Counter */\n                ui.text(format!(\"Step {:04x}\", system_to_control.num_cycles()).as_str());\n\n                /* ROM Lister */\n                if CollapsingHeader::new(\"Roms\").build(ui) {\n                    let new_filename = GuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(ROM_ROOT), \u0026gui_state.filename_to_load, ui);\n                    if !new_filename.is_empty() {\n                        if new_filename != gui_state.filename_to_load {\n                            debug!(\"NEW FILENAME SELECTED -\u003e {new_filename}\");\n                            gui_state.filename_to_load = new_filename;\n                        }\n                        if ui.button(\"Load Program\") {\n                            let mut buffer = Vec::new();\n                            debug!(\"PREPARING TO LOAD {}\", gui_state.filename_to_load);\n                            // let mut input_file = File::open(Path::new(\"./1-chip8-logo.ch8\")).expect(\"put 1-chip8-logo.ch8 in this directory\");\n                            let mut input_file = File::open(Path::new(\u0026(ROM_ROOT.to_string() + \"/\" + \u0026gui_state.filename_to_load))).expect(\"put 1-chip8-logo.ch8 in this directory\");\n                            input_file.read_to_end(\u0026mut buffer).expect(\"unable to read file\");\n                            system_to_control.load_new_program_to_system_memory((\u0026*buffer).into());\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n\n                if CollapsingHeader::new(\"Controls\").build(ui) {\n                    // if the system has no program loaded hide the buttons.\n                    let bytes: [u8; 2] = [\n                        system_to_control.state().memory.peek(0x200),\n                        system_to_control.state().memory.peek(0x201)\n                    ];\n                    let mut show_buttons = bytes[0] != 0 || bytes[1] == 0xe0;\n\n                    if show_buttons {\n                        if ui.button(\"Step\") {\n                            system_to_control.step();\n                        };\n                        ui.same_line();\n                        if ui.button(\"Run\") {\n                            system_to_control.start();\n                        }\n                    }\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    if ui.button(\"Stop\") {\n                        system_to_control.stop();\n                    }\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    if ui.button(\"Reset\") {\n                        system_to_control.reset();\n                    }\n                    if ui.button(\"Dump Video Memory\") {\n                        println!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Video));\n                    }\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    if ui.button(\"Dump Keypad State\") {\n                        debug!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Keyboard));\n                    }\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    if ui.button(\"Dump Registers\") {\n                        debug!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Registers));\n                    }\n                }\n\n                if CollapsingHeader::new(\"Options\").build(ui) {\n                    ui.checkbox(\"Show Memory\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_memory);\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    ui.checkbox(\"Show Video\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_video);\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    ui.checkbox(\"Show Registers\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_registers);\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    ui.checkbox(\"Show Keypad\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_keypad);\n                    ui.input_int(\"Target IPS\", \u0026mut gui_state.target_ips).build();\n                };\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        ui.window(\"Registers\")\n            .position([100.0, 640.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                ui.text(\"Registers\");\n                for i in 1..0x10 {\n                    ui.text(format!(\"V{:X}: {}\", i, system.registers.peek(i)));\n                    if i != 7 {\n                        ui.same_line();\n                    }\n                }\n                ui.text(\"\");\n                ui.text(format!(\"I: {:03X}\", system.registers.peek_i()));\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.text(format!(\"ST: {:02X}\", system.sound_timer.current()));\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.text(format!(\"DT: {:02X}\", system.delay_timer.current()));\n                ui.text(format!(\"PC: {:02X}\", system.registers.peek_pc()));\n                ui.text(format!(\"SP: {:02X}\", system.stack.depth()));\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn hex_memory_display(bytes: Chip8SystemMemory, position: (i32, i32), active: i16, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        let rows = position.0;\n        let cols = position.1;\n        ui.window(\"System Memory\")\n            .position([100.0, 640.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                let mut current_x_hover: i32 = 0;\n                let mut current_y_hover: i32 = 0;\n                // display a block of data\n                for current_row in 0..rows {\n                    ui.text(format!(\"{:02x}\", current_row * cols));\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    for current_column in 0..cols {\n                        let data_offset = current_row * cols + current_column;\n                        let formatted_text = format!(\"{:02x}\", bytes.peek(data_offset as u16));\n                        let text_location = ui.cursor_screen_pos();\n                        let text_size = ui.calc_text_size(formatted_text.clone());\n                        let bounding_box = imgui::sys::ImVec2 {\n                            x: text_location[0] + text_size[0],\n                            y: text_location[1] + text_size[1],\n                        };\n\n                        let hovering = ui.is_mouse_hovering_rect(text_location, [bounding_box.x, bounding_box.y]);\n                        let is_active = data_offset == active as i32;\n\n                        ui.text_colored(if hovering {\n                            [0., 1., 1., 1.]\n                        } else if is_active {\n                            [1., 0., 1., 1.]\n                        } else {\n                            [1., 1., 0., 1.]\n                        }, formatted_text.clone());\n\n                        // if we are hovering show that at the bottom...\n                        if hovering {\n                            // Optionally change the text color to indicate it's interactable\n                            current_x_hover = current_column;\n                            current_y_hover = current_row;\n\n                            // Check if the left mouse button is clicked while hovering over the text\n                            if ui.is_mouse_clicked(imgui::MouseButton::Left) {\n                                debug!(\"Offset: [{}] [0x{:02x}] Value: [{}]\", data_offset, data_offset, formatted_text.clone());\n                                // Perform any action here, e.g., call a function, trigger an event, etc.\n                            }\n                        }\n\n                        // are we on the same line?\n                        if current_column != (cols - 1) {\n                            ui.same_line();\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n                ui.text(format!(\"Offset 0x{:03x}\", current_x_hover * cols + current_y_hover));\n            });\n    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std::ffi::OsString;\nuse std::fs::read_dir;\nuse std::path::PathBuf;\nuse imgui::Ui;\nuse log::debug;\n\npub struct GuiFileList {}\n\nimpl GuiFileList {\n    pub fn display_path(root: PathBuf, selected_filename: \u0026String, ui: \u0026Ui) -\u003e String {\n        let mut working_filename = selected_filename.clone();\n        ui.text(format!(\"Displaying {}\", root.to_str().unwrap_or(\"Unable to parse path\")));\n\n        let mut known_files: Vec\u003cOsString\u003e = vec![];\n\n     //   println!(\"STARTING AT {:?}\", std::env::current_dir());\n        for entry in read_dir(root.as_path()).unwrap() {\n            known_files.push(entry.unwrap().file_name());\n        }\n\n        known_files.sort();\n\n        for (index, entry) in known_files.iter().enumerate() {\n            let mut working_select = ui.selectable_config(entry.clone().into_string().unwrap().to_string());\n            if *entry.to_str().unwrap() == *selected_filename.as_str() {\n                working_select = working_select.selected(true);\n            }\n            if working_select.build() {\n                debug!(\"SELECTED {index} / {entry:?}\");\n                working_filename = entry.clone().into_string().unwrap();\n            };\n        }\n        working_filename\n    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// ignore errors?\n        let _ = self.0.set_contents(text.to_owned());\n    }\n}\n\npub const FONT_SIZE: f32 = 13.0;\n\n#[allow(dead_code)] // annoyingly, RA yells that this is unusued\npub fn simple_init\u003cF: FnMut(\u0026mut bool, \u0026mut Ui) + 'static\u003e(title: \u0026str, run_ui: F) {\n    init_with_startup(title, |_, _, _| {}, run_ui);\n}\n\npub fn init_with_startup\u003cFInit, FUi\u003e(title: \u0026str, mut startup: FInit, mut run_ui: FUi)\nwhere\n    FInit: FnMut(\u0026mut Context, \u0026mut Renderer, \u0026Display\u003cWindowSurface\u003e) + 'static,\n    FUi: FnMut(\u0026mut bool, \u0026mut Ui) + 'static,\n{\n    let mut imgui = create_context();\n\n    let title = match Path::new(\u0026title).file_name() {\n        Some(file_name) =\u003e file_name.to_str().unwrap(),\n        None =\u003e title,\n    };\n    let event_loop = EventLoop::new().expect(\"Failed to create EventLoop\");\n\n    let builder = WindowBuilder::new()\n        .with_maximized(true)\n        .with_title(title);\n      //  .with_inner_size(LogicalSize::new(1024, 768));\n    let (window, display) = glium::backend::glutin::SimpleWindowBuilder::new()\n        .set_window_builder(builder)\n        .build(\u0026event_loop);\n    let mut renderer = Renderer::init(\u0026mut imgui, \u0026display).expect(\"Failed to initialize renderer\");\n\n    if let Some(backend) = clipboard_init() {\n        imgui.set_clipboard_backend(backend);\n    } else {\n        eprintln!(\"Failed to initialize clipboard\");\n    }\n\n    let mut platform = WinitPlatform::init(\u0026mut imgui);\n    {\n        let dpi_mode = if let Ok(factor) = std::env::var(\"IMGUI_EXAMPLE_FORCE_DPI_FACTOR\") {\n            // Allow forcing of HiDPI factor for debugging purposes\n            match factor.parse::\u003cf64\u003e() {\n                Ok(f) =\u003e HiDpiMode::Locked(f),\n                Err(e) =\u003e panic!(\"Invalid scaling factor: {}\", e),\n            }\n        } else {\n            HiDpiMode::Default\n        };\n\n        platform.attach_window(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, dpi_mode);\n    }\n\n    let mut last_frame = Instant::now();\n\n    startup(\u0026mut imgui, \u0026mut renderer, \u0026display);\n\n    event_loop\n        .run(move |event, window_target| match event {\n            Event::NewEvents(_) =\u003e {\n                let now = Instant::now();\n                imgui.io_mut().update_delta_time(now - last_frame);\n                last_frame = now;\n            }\n            Event::AboutToWait =\u003e {\n                platform\n                    .prepare_frame(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window)\n                    .expect(\"Failed to prepare frame\");\n                window.request_redraw();\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::RedrawRequested,\n                ..\n            } =\u003e {\n                let ui = imgui.frame();\n\n                let mut run = true;\n                run_ui(\u0026mut run, ui);\n                if !run {\n                    window_target.exit();\n                }\n\n                let mut target = display.draw();\n                target.clear_color_srgb(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);\n                platform.prepare_render(ui, \u0026window);\n                let draw_data = imgui.render();\n                renderer\n                    .render(\u0026mut target, draw_data)\n                    .expect(\"Rendering failed\");\n                target.finish().expect(\"Failed to swap buffers\");\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::Resized(new_size),\n                ..\n            } =\u003e {\n                if new_size.width \u003e 0 \u0026\u0026 new_size.height \u003e 0 {\n                    display.resize((new_size.width, new_size.height));\n                }\n                platform.handle_event(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, \u0026event);\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::CloseRequested,\n                ..\n            } =\u003e window_target.exit(),\n            event =\u003e {\n                platform.handle_event(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, \u0026event);\n            }\n        })\n        .expect(\"EventLoop error\");\n}\n\n/// Creates the imgui context\npub fn create_context() -\u003e imgui::Context {\n    let mut imgui = Context::create();\n    // Fixed font size. Note imgui_winit_support uses \"logical\n    // pixels\", which are physical pixels scaled by the devices\n    // scaling factor. Meaning, 13.0 pixels should look the same size\n    // on two different screens, and thus we do not need to scale this\n    // value (as the scaling is handled by winit)\n    imgui.fonts().add_font(\u0026[\n        FontSource::TtfData {\n            data: include_bytes!(\"../../../../resources/Roboto-Regular.ttf\"),\n            size_pixels: FONT_SIZE,\n            config: Some(FontConfig {\n                // As imgui-glium-renderer isn't gamma-correct with\n                // it's font rendering, we apply an arbitrary\n                // multiplier to make the font a bit \"heavier\". With\n                // default imgui-glow-renderer this is unnecessary.\n                rasterizer_multiply: 1.5,\n                // Oversampling font helps improve text rendering at\n                // expense of larger font atlas texture.\n                oversample_h: 4,\n                oversample_v: 4,\n                ..FontConfig::default()\n            }),\n        },\n        FontSource::TtfData {\n            data: include_bytes!(\"../../../../resources/mplus-1p-regular.ttf\"),\n            size_pixels: FONT_SIZE,\n            config: Some(FontConfig {\n                // Oversampling font helps improve text rendering at\n                // expense of larger font atlas texture.\n                oversample_h: 4,\n                oversample_v: 4,\n                // Range of glyphs to rasterize\n                glyph_ranges: FontGlyphRanges::japanese(),\n                ..FontConfig::default()\n            }),\n        },\n    ]);\n    imgui.set_ini_filename(None);\n\n    imgui\n}\n","traces":[{"line":21,"address":[3798464],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3798481],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[3798544],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3798563],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3798608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[3798631],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[3260790,3261773,3258704],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3259024,3258931],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[3259146,3259332],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[3259487,3259530],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3259854,3259806],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[3260712,3260532],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[3262300],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[3262415],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":97,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":100,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":109,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":114,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":115,"address":[3262787],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":117,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":118,"address":[3262957],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":120,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":121,"address":[3263021],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":123,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":124,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":125,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":126,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":127,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":128,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":130,"address":[3262654,3262550],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":132,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":133,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":134,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":136,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":137,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":144,"address":[3798688,3800236],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":145,"address":[3798705],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":151,"address":[3799830,3798729],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":152,"address":[3799128],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":155,"address":[3798805],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":165,"address":[3798786],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":168,"address":[3799696],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":171,"address":[3799381],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":177,"address":[3799262],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":178,"address":[3799347],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":182,"address":[3800175],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":184,"address":[3800208],"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std::time::Instant;\nuse imgui::ImColor32;\n\npub struct ImGuiUiState {\n    pub show_registers: bool,\n    pub show_memory: bool,\n    pub show_video: bool,\n    pub show_keypad: bool,\n    pub filename_to_load: String,\n    pub on_colour: ImColor32,\n    pub off_colour: ImColor32,\n    pub is_running: bool,\n    pub frame_time: u32,\n    pub last_frame_instant: Instant,\n    pub target_ips: i32\n}\n\nimpl Clone for ImGuiUiState {\n    fn clone(\u0026self) -\u003e Self {\n        ImGuiUiState {\n            show_registers: self.show_registers,\n            show_memory: self.show_memory,\n            show_video: self.show_video,\n            show_keypad: self.show_keypad,\n            filename_to_load: self.filename_to_load.to_string(),\n            on_colour: self.on_colour,\n            off_colour: self.off_colour,\n            is_running: self.is_running,\n            frame_time: self.frame_time,\n            last_frame_instant: self.last_frame_instant,\n            target_ips: self.target_ips\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for ImGuiUiState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        ImGuiUiState {\n            show_registers: false,\n            show_memory: false,\n            show_video: true,\n            show_keypad: true,\n            filename_to_load: String::new(),\n            on_colour: ImColor32::from_rgb(0xff, 0xff, 0x00),\n            off_colour: ImColor32::from_rgb(0x00, 0xff, 0xff),\n            is_running: false,\n            frame_time: 16,\n            last_frame_instant: Instant::now(),\n            target_ips: 200000\n        }\n    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support;\nuse std::{sync::Arc, time::Instant};\nuse anyhow::Context;\nuse egui::TextBuffer;\nuse egui_glow::glow::{HasContext, COLOR_BUFFER_BIT};\nuse egui_sdl2_platform::sdl2;\nuse sdl2::event::{Event, WindowEvent};\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse support::timestep::TimeStep;\nuse crate::support::gemma_egui_support::GemmaEguiSupport;\n\nconst SCREEN_WIDTH: u32 = 800;\nconst SCREEN_HEIGHT: u32 = 480;\n\nasync fn run() -\u003e anyhow::Result\u003cString\u003e {\n    // Initialize SDL2 and video subsystem\n    let sdl = sdl2::init().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to create SDL context: {}\", e))?;\n    let mut video = sdl.video().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to initialize SDL video subsystem: {}\", e))?;\n\n    // Create SDL2 window and OpenGL context\n    let window = video.window(\"Window\", SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT)\n        .opengl()\n        .position_centered()\n        .build()?;\n    let _gl_context = window.gl_create_context().expect(\"Failed to create GL context\");\n\n    // Load OpenGL functions\n    let gl = unsafe {\n        egui_glow::painter::Context::from_loader_function(|name| {\n            video.gl_get_proc_address(name) as *const _\n        })\n    };\n    let mut painter = egui_glow::Painter::new(Arc::new(gl), \"\", None)?;\n\n    // Setup Egui and SDL2 platform\n    let mut platform = egui_sdl2_platform::Platform::new(window.size())?;\n    let mut event_pump = sdl.event_pump().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to get SDL event pump: {}\", e))?;\n\n    // Initial settings\n    let color = [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]; // Background color\n    let start_time = Instant::now();\n    let mut timestep = TimeStep::new();\n\n    let mut computer = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let mut is_running: bool = false;\n    computer.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026std::fs::read(\"resources/roms/3-corax+.ch8\")?);\n\n    // Main loop\n    'main: loop {\n        // Update the Egui platform with the current time\n        platform.update_time(start_time.elapsed().as_secs_f64());\n\n        // Begin Egui frame\n        let ctx = platform.context();\n\n        if is_running {\n            computer.step_system();\n        }\n\n        egui::Window::new(\"Hello, world!\").show(\u0026ctx, |ui| {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::video_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n            GemmaEguiSupport::memory_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n            GemmaEguiSupport::registers_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n        });\n\n        // Process Egui frame\n        let full_output = platform.end_frame(\u0026mut video)?;\n        let paint_jobs = platform.tessellate(\u0026full_output);\n\n        // Clear the screen with the current color\n        unsafe {\n            painter.gl().clear_color(color[0], color[1], color[2], 1.0);\n            painter.gl().clear(COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);\n        }\n\n        // Paint Egui outputs and update textures\n        let size = window.size();\n        painter.paint_and_update_textures([size.0, size.1], 1.0, paint_jobs.as_slice(), \u0026full_output.textures_delta);\n        window.gl_swap_window();\n\n        // Run the timestep logic\n        timestep.run_this(|_| {});\n\n        // Handle SDL2 events\n        for event in event_pump.poll_iter() {\n            match event {\n                Event::Quit { .. }\n                | Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::Escape), .. } =\u003e break 'main,\n                Event::Window { window_id, win_event, .. } if window_id == window.id() =\u003e {\n                    if let WindowEvent::Close = win_event {\n                        break 'main;\n                    }\n                }\n                Event::KeyUp { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F3), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F3 -\u003e running\");\n                    is_running = true;\n                }\n                Event::KeyUp { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F4), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F4 -\u003e stopping\");\n                    is_running = false;\n                }\n                Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F5), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F5 -\u003e Step\");\n                    computer.step_system();\n                }\n                Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F6), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F6 -\u003e RESET\");\n                    computer.reset();\n                }\n                Event::ControllerButtonDown { which, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"PLAYER {which} DOWN\");\n                }\n                Event::ControllerButtonDown { button, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"BUTTON {:?}\", button);\n                }\n                Event::JoyButtonDown {button_idx, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"JoyButtonDown {}\", button_idx);\n                }\n                Event::JoyAxisMotion { which, axis_idx, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"JoyAxismotion {which} {axis_idx}\");\n                }\n                _ =\u003e platform.handle_event(\u0026event, \u0026sdl, \u0026video),\n            }\n        }\n\n        // Optionally log the frame rate\n        if let Some(fps) = timestep.frame_rate() {\n            println!(\"{:?} fps\", fps);\n        }\n\n        let num_js = sdl.joystick().unwrap().num_joysticks().unwrap();\n        println!(\"NUM JS = {num_js}\");\n    }\n\n    Ok((\"\").parse()?)\n}\n\nfn main() -\u003e anyhow::Result\u003c()\u003e {\n    pollster::block_on(run())?;\n    Ok(())\n}\n","traces":[{"line":15,"address":[681264],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[695408,695513,688355,695362,695637,688249,688166],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":18,"address":[695941,688611,688348,695360,695712,695817,688456],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[688560,688951,688696,688772],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[689028],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[689129,696016],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[696034],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[695279,689188,689433],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[695258,689400,689556,689735],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[696277,695237,689728,689836,696153,696048,690010],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":40,"address":[689940],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[689984,690110],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[690133],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[690140],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[690159],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":46,"address":[695197,690254,690167],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[690496],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[690612],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[690655],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[690692,690755],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[690665,690789,696352],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[696370],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[696384],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[696398],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[691039,690811],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[691012],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[691124,691232],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[691325],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[691391],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[691440],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[691548],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[691575,696416,696427],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[691582,691685],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[693597,694654,691733,693007],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[693504,692938],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[693556],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[694769],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":95,"address":[694742,694690],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[694761],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[694801],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[694716,694774],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":100,"address":[694793],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[694606],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[693648,694568],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[694587],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[694649],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[693677,694611],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[694630],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[693323],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[695080],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[693194],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":117,"address":[695006],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[693051],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":120,"address":[694916],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":122,"address":[695154,692870],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":127,"address":[691678,691793],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":128,"address":[691973],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":131,"address":[691966,692283,692596],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":132,"address":[692732],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[693780,693847],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":138,"address":[681280],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":139,"address":[681287,681456],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":140,"address":[681445],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":63},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_support.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::read_dir;\nuse std::path::PathBuf;\nuse egui::{Align, Color32, ComboBox, Pos2, TextBuffer};\nuse egui::Rect;\nuse egui::Vec2;\nuse egui::Ui;\nuse crate::Chip8Computer;\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: f32 = 5.0;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: f32 = 5.0;\n\npub struct EGuiFileList {}\nimpl EGuiFileList {\n    pub fn display_path(root: PathBuf, selected_filename: \u0026mut String, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let working_filename = selected_filename.clone();\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n           //  ui.label(format!(\"Displaying {}\", root.to_str().unwrap_or(\"Unable to Load Path\")));\n            ComboBox::from_label(\"Select ROM\")\n                .selected_text(selected_filename.clone())\n                .show_ui(ui, |ui| {\n\n                    let mut sorted_options = vec![];\n                    for option in read_dir(root.as_path()).unwrap() {\n                        let to_push = option.unwrap().file_name().into_string().unwrap_or( String::new());\n                        sorted_options.push(to_push);\n                    }\n\n                    sorted_options.sort();\n                    for item in sorted_options {\n                    // Add each option to the ComboBox\n                      if  ui.selectable_label(selected_filename.eq(\u0026item.as_str()), item.clone()).clicked()\n                        {\n                            *selected_filename = item;\n                        }\n                    }\n                });\n            // Display the selected option\n        });\n    }\n}\n\npub struct GemmaEguiSupport {}\n\nimpl GemmaEguiSupport {\n    pub fn controls_view(system: \u0026mut Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n         ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n             if ui.button(\"Start\").clicked() {\n                 println!(\"Start\");\n          //       state.is_running = true;\n             }\n             if ui.button(\"Step\").clicked() {\n                 system.step_system();\n             }\n\n             if ui.button(\"Stop\").clicked() {\n                 println!(\"STOP\");\n            //     state.is_running = false;\n             }\n             if ui.button(\"Reset\").clicked() {\n                 system.reset();\n              //   state.is_running = false;\n             }\n         });\n\n     //       if ui.button(format!(\"Load {}\", state.selected_rom_filename)).clicked() {\n                // load the bin...\n       //         let read_bin = std::fs::read(PathBuf::from(format!(\"resources/roms/{}\", state.selected_rom_filename))).unwrap();\n                // ...then feed the system.\n       //         system.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026read_bin);\n       //         println!(\"Loaded {}\", state.selected_rom_filename);\n       //     }\n       //      EGuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(\"resources/roms\"), \u0026mut state.selected_rom_filename, ui);\n\n\n\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(Align::TOP), |ui| {\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_memory, \"Display Memory\");\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_video, \"Display Video\");\n         //   ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_registers, \"Display Registers\");\n        });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(format!(\"V0-7: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x00),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x01),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x02),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x03),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x04),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x05),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x06),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x07)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"V8-F: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x08),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x09),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0A),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0B),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0C),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0D),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0E),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0F)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"PC: {:04x}\\tI: {:04x}\", system.registers.peek_pc(), system.registers.peek_i()));\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let (_resp, painter) = ui.allocate_painter(Vec2::new(350.0, 165.0), egui::Sense::hover());\n        for current_row in 0..32 {\n            for current_col in 0..64 {\n                let data_offset = current_row * 64 + current_col;\n                let x_offset = current_col as f32 * CELL_WIDTH;\n                let y_offset = current_row as f32 * CELL_HEIGHT;\n                let origin = Pos2::new(x_offset, y_offset);\n                let colour = if system.video_memory.peek(data_offset) {\n                    Color32::RED\n                } else {\n                    Color32::WHITE\n                };\n                let rect = Rect::from_min_size(origin, Vec2::new(CELL_WIDTH, CELL_HEIGHT));\n                painter.rect_filled(rect, 0.0, colour);\n                // println!(\"Cell {current_col}x{current_row} at {}x{} -\u003e {}\",\n                //          origin.x, origin.y,\n                //          system.video_memory.peek(data_offset));\n            }\n        }\n    //    thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));\n    }\n\n    pub fn memory_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(\"Memory View\");\n\n        for i in (0..=0x200).step_by(16) {\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                for y in 0..16 {\n                    ui.label(format!(\"{:02x}\", system.memory.peek((i + y) as u16)).as_str());\n                }\n            });\n        }\n        ui.label(\"Should have **something** to adjust the 'memory window'\");\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[731024,731455],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":15,"address":[731054],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":16,"address":[731283],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":18,"address":[753917,754027,754092],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[754074,754142,753962],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[756364,755959,754176,754082],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[754212],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[756319,754734,754373,754763,754269,754599],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[756354,755990],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[756248],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[755005],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[755039,755229,755279,755935],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[755319,755429,755922,755630],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[755741],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[731488],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":46,"address":[731618],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[756425,756536],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[756611],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[756651,756774],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[756858],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[756997,756874],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[757081],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[757244,757121],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[757325],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[731833],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":83,"address":[731968],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":84,"address":[734080,734776,733128,735617,734312,733848,735240,735008,734544,733616],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[732016],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[732153],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[732293],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":88,"address":[732433],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[732573],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[732713],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[732853],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[732993],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[737252,737716,736764,738180,738876,737948,737484,738412,739256,738644],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":95,"address":[735649],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[735789],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":97,"address":[735929],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[736069],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[736209],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":101,"address":[736489],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[736629],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[739433,739564,739297,739860,740092,740275],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[741692,740320],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[740375],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":109,"address":[740753,740671,740857],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[740976,740878],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[741260,741091],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":112,"address":[741180],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":113,"address":[741214],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":114,"address":[741300],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":115,"address":[741336,741377],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[741379],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":118,"address":[741364],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":121,"address":[741606],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":130,"address":[741728],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":131,"address":[741761],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":133,"address":[741795,742008],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":134,"address":[742121],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[757422,757480],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":136,"address":[757621,757491,758051,757869],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":140,"address":[741950],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":63},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","mod.rs"],"content":"pub mod timestep;\npub mod gemma_egui_support;\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","timestep.rs"],"content":"\n//! Gameplay speed control. It attempts to mimic/limit progression to\n//! the 30 tics per second Doom used.\n\nuse std::{fmt, time::Instant};\n\nconst MS_PER_UPDATE: f32 = 28.57;\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\npub struct TimeStep {\n    last_time: Instant,\n    delta_time: f32,\n    frame_count: u32,\n    frame_time: f32,\n    run_tics: u32,\n    last_tics: u32,\n    lag: f32,\n}\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\npub struct FrameData {\n    pub tics: u32,\n    pub frames: u32,\n}\n\nimpl fmt::Display for FrameData {\n    fn fmt(\u0026self, f: \u0026mut fmt::Formatter\u003c'_\u003e) -\u003e fmt::Result {\n        f.write_fmt(format_args!(\n            \"FrameData (per-second):\\n  - tics: {}\\n  -  fps: {}\",\n            self.tics, self.frames\n        ))\n    }\n}\n\nimpl TimeStep {\n    pub fn new() -\u003e TimeStep {\n        TimeStep {\n            last_time: Instant::now(),\n            delta_time: 0.0,\n            frame_count: 0,\n            frame_time: 0.0,\n            run_tics: 0,\n            last_tics: 0,\n            lag: 0.0,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn delta(\u0026mut self) -\u003e f32 {\n        let current_time = Instant::now();\n        let delta = current_time.duration_since(self.last_time).as_micros() as f32 * 0.001;\n        self.last_time = current_time;\n        self.delta_time = delta;\n        delta\n    }\n\n    /// Increments self time and returns current lag. `run_this` is run only for\n    /// `n` tics available.\n    pub fn run_this(\u0026mut self, mut run_this: impl FnMut(f32)) {\n        let dt = self.delta();\n        self.lag += dt;\n        while self.lag \u003e= MS_PER_UPDATE {\n            run_this(dt);\n            self.lag -= MS_PER_UPDATE;\n            self.run_tics += 1;\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn frame_rate(\u0026mut self) -\u003e Option\u003cFrameData\u003e {\n        self.frame_count += 1;\n        self.frame_time += self.delta_time;\n        let tmp;\n        let tmp2;\n        // per second\n        if self.frame_time \u003e= 1000.0 {\n            tmp = self.frame_count;\n            tmp2 = self.last_tics;\n            self.frame_count = 0;\n            self.frame_time = 0.0;\n            self.last_tics = self.run_tics;\n            return Some(FrameData {\n                tics: self.run_tics - tmp2,\n                frames: tmp,\n            });\n        }\n\n        None\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for TimeStep {\n    // shutup clippy!\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self::new()\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":27,"address":[773936],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[774040,774124],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[774224],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[774238],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[774320],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[774333],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[774355],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[774431],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[774446],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[774464],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[774488,774550],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[774515],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[774530],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[774584],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[774594],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[774601],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[774608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[774616],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[774661],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[774622,774675],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[774571],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[774704],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[774712],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":30},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmatelnet","src","bin","gemmatelnetd.rs"],"content":"fn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n}","traces":[{"line":1,"address":[116144,116192],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":2,"address":[116148],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":1,"coverable":2},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","bin2hex.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::File;\nuse std::io;\nuse std::io::{BufReader, Read};\nuse clap::{Arg, Command};\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\nstruct CliArgs {\n    input: String,\n}\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft!\");\n    // Set up the command line arguments\n    let matches = Command::new(\"my_program\")\n        .about(\"Processes an input file and outputs it with a specified bit width\")\n        .arg(\n            Arg::new(\"input\")\n                .help(\"The input file to process\")\n                .required(true)\n                .index(1),\n        )\n\n        .get_matches();\n\n    // Parse the command-line arguments\n    let args = CliArgs {\n        input: matches.get_one::\u003cString\u003e(\"input\").unwrap().to_string(),\n    };\n\n    // Use the parsed arguments\n    println!(\"Input file: {}\", args.input);\n\n    // behave like a shift register and load each character from the file 1 by 1.\n    let results = read_file_to_bools(\u0026args.input);\n    for result in results.unwrap().bytes() {\n        print!(\"0x{:02x}, \", result.unwrap());\n    }\n}\nfn read_file_to_bools(file_path: \u0026str) -\u003e io::Result\u003cVec\u003cu8\u003e\u003e {\n    // Open the file\n    let file = File::open(file_path)?;\n    let mut reader = BufReader::new(file);\n\n    let mut bytes = Vec::new();\n    reader.read_to_end(\u0026mut bytes)?;\n\n    let mut output = Vec::new();\n    let mut current_byte = 0u8;\n    let mut bit_index = 0;\n\n    for \u0026byte in \u0026bytes {\n        // Convert ASCII character '1' or '0' to boolean, skip any other characters\n        let bit = match byte {\n            b'1' =\u003e true,\n            b'0' =\u003e false,\n            _ =\u003e continue,  // Skip non-'1' or '0' characters\n        };\n\n        // Set the appropriate bit in the current byte\n        if bit {\n            current_byte |= 1 \u003c\u003c (7 - bit_index);  // Set the bit at the correct position\n        }\n\n        bit_index += 1;\n\n        // Once we have filled 8 bits, push the byte and reset\n        if bit_index == 8 {\n            output.push(current_byte);\n            current_byte = 0;\n            bit_index = 0;\n        }\n    }\n\n    // If there are remaining bits, push the last byte (it will be partially filled)\n    if bit_index \u003e 0 {\n        output.push(current_byte);\n    }\n\n\n\n    Ok(output)\n}\n\n","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[253074,250928],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":12,"address":[250950],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":14,"address":[251007,251256,251331],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[251161,251089],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[251344,251513],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[251740],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[251817],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[252086,252189,252329],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[252584,252701,252965],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[254264,254208,253120],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[253153,253251],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[253219],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[253330],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[253552,253458,253390],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[253540],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[253585],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[253593],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[253612,253683,253777],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[253798],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[253966],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[253976],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[253984,254093],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[254014,254095],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[253994,254117,254139],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[254124,254203],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[254157],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[254184],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[254192],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[253765],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[253901],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[253827],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":31},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","ch8asm.rs"],"content":"use std::fs;\n// Ch8Asm\n// Converts well formed CH8ASM.\n// no variables.\n// no labels.\n// nothing fun.\nuse pest::Parser;\nuse pest_derive::Parser;\n\n#[derive(Parser)]\n#[grammar = \"chip8_asm.pest\"]\npub struct Chip8AsmParser;\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n\n    let unparsed = fs::read_to_string(\"resources/test/gemma_disassembler_1_chip_logo_ch8_asm.asc\").expect(\"Unable to read input\");\n\n    let file = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::file, \u0026unparsed).expect(\"Unable to parse.  Try again.\")\n        .next().unwrap();\n\n    for record in file.into_inner() {\n        match record.as_rule() {\n            Rule::instruction =\u003e {\n                println!(\"INSTRUCTION = {:?}\", record.into_inner().flatten())\n            }\n            _ =\u003e {\n                println!(\"UNHANDLED PART.\");\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}\n\n#[cfg(test)]\nmod test {\n    use pest::Parser;\n    use crate::{Chip8AsmParser, Rule};\n\n    #[test]\n    fn bits_all_parse() {\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::instruction, \"CLS\")\n        );\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::parameter, \"0x01\")\n        );\n        let parsed = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::comment, \"; comment\").unwrap();\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"PARSED COMMENT -\u003e {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        let parsed =\n            Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"CLS ; comment\").unwrap();\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"RULE PAIR THING: {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        let parsed = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADDI 0x01 ; comment\");\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"RULE PAIR THING: {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD ADD ADD\")\n        );\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD 0x01 0x02 ; Comment\")\n        );\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD 0x01 0x02 ; Comment\")\n        );\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[201921,201827,200576],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":15,"address":[200583],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[200639],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[200786,200710],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[201045,201236,201865,201280],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[201344,201427],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[201572,201699,201448],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[201527,201836],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":8},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","ch8disasm.rs"],"content":"use std::path::Path;\nuse clap::{command, Parser};\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION;\nuse gemma::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode::Chip8;\n\n/// ch8disasm\n///\n/// Provide disassembled version of the CH8 file provided.\n#[derive(Parser)]\n#[command(version, about, long_about = None)]\nstruct DisassemblerApp {\n    #[arg(short)]\n    input_file: Box\u003cPath\u003e,\n    #[arg(short)]\n    output_file: Option\u003cBox\u003cPath\u003e\u003e,\n}\n\nstruct Disassembler {}\nimpl Disassembler {\n    pub fn disassemble(from_data: Vec\u003cu8\u003e) -\u003e String {\n        let mut working_instruction: u16 = 0x0000;\n\n        // read the input data and loop through it byte by byte.\n        let mut output_string = String::new();\n\n        for (offset, byte) in from_data.iter().enumerate() {\n            working_instruction = (working_instruction \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16);\n            if offset % 2 != 0 {\n                let decoded = Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(working_instruction, \u0026Chip8);\n                let decoded_string = decoded.to_string();\n                let mut current_parts = String::new();\n\n                match decoded {\n                    XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e {\n                        current_parts = format!(\"DW 0x{:04x}\", working_instruction);\n                    }\n                    _ =\u003e {\n                        current_parts = format!(\"{}\", decoded);\n                    }\n                };\n\n                let target_length: i32 = 25;\n                let spacing_length = target_length.saturating_sub(current_parts.len() as i32);\n\n                // now add the rest after the string\n                let x = spacing_length as usize;\n                current_parts = format!(\"{}{:\u003cx$}; Bytes [0x{:04x}] offset [0x{:04x}]\\n\", current_parts, \" \", working_instruction, offset -1);\n                //   println!(\"SHOULD OUTPUT: [{current_parts}]\");\n                output_string = output_string.to_string() + \u0026*current_parts.to_string();\n\n                working_instruction = 0x0000;\n            }\n        }\n\n        output_string\n    }\n}\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n    let result = DisassemblerApp::parse();\n    println!(\"PREPARING TO DISASSEMBLE {:?}\", result.input_file.file_name());\n\n\n    let source_file = result.input_file.to_str().unwrap();\n    let decompiled_program = Disassembler::disassemble(\n        std::fs::read(source_file).unwrap()\n    );\n\n\n    match result.output_file {\n        None =\u003e {\n            println!(\"Output to console.\");\n            println!(\"OS: \\n\\n{}\", decompiled_program);\n        }\n        Some(target) =\u003e {\n            println!(\"Output to {:?}\", target);\n            std::fs::write(target, decompiled_program).unwrap();\n        }\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":21,"address":[367264,371680],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[367306],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[367332],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[367391,367745,367463],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[367787],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[367833],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[367847],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[367918],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[367933],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[367984],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[368272,368690,368536],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[369118],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[368855,368976],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[367295],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[368840,369128,369196],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[369203],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[369784,369545,370628,369688,371107,370164,370396,370860],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[371249,371639],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[371588],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[367688],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[373505,373575,371712],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[371719],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[371783],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[371911,372037,371804],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":66,"address":[372258,372106],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[372282],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[372547],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[372809,372576],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[372938],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[372605],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[373089],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[373158],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":32},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","tests","assmber_tests.rs"],"content":"","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0}]};
-        var previousData = {"files":[{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","bin","speedtest.rs"],"content":"use gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\nuse std::fs::File;\nuse std::io::Read;\nuse std::ops::Add;\nuse std::path::Path;\nuse std::time::{Duration, Instant};\n\nconst ROM_ROOT: \u0026str = \"resources/roms\";\n\nfn main() {\n    let mut x = Chip8ComputerManager::new();\n\n    let mut buffer = Vec::new();\n    let mut input_file =\n        File::open(Path::new(\u0026(ROM_ROOT.to_string() + \"/mandelbrot_bench.ch8\"))).expect(\"derp\");\n    input_file\n        .read_to_end(\u0026mut buffer)\n        .expect(\"unable to read file\");\n    x.load_new_program_to_system_memory((\u0026*buffer).into());\n\n    for _ in 0..10 {\n        let start_time = Instant::now();\n        let mut num_cycles = 0;\n        // how many instructions in 10s.\n        let end_time = start_time.add(Duration::from_secs(10));\n        while (Instant::now().le(\u0026end_time)) {\n            num_cycles += 1;\n            x.step();\n        }\n\n        let num = num_cycles\n            .to_string()\n            .as_bytes()\n            .rchunks(3)\n            .rev()\n            .map(std::str::from_utf8)\n            .collect::\u003cResult\u003cVec\u003c\u0026str\u003e, _\u003e\u003e()\n            .unwrap()\n            .join(\",\"); // separator\n\n        let num_ips = num_cycles / 1000000;\n        println!(\"Completed at {num_ips} Mips. ({num})\");\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[239038,237008,238973],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":12,"address":[237030],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":14,"address":[237055],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":15,"address":[237174,237106],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":16,"address":[237426],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[237519],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[237607],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[237756,237832],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[237861],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[237877],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[237955],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[239012,238986,238059],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[239033,238993],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[238551,238094,238052,238185,238484],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[238862,238698],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":40,"address":[238882],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":16},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","computer.rs"],"content":"use log::{debug};\nuse crate::chip8::delay_timer::DelayTimer;\nuse crate::chip8::keypad::Keypad;\nuse crate::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode;\nuse crate::chip8::registers::Chip8Registers;\nuse crate::chip8::sound_timer::SoundTimer;\nuse crate::chip8::stack::Chip8Stack;\n\nuse super::{\n    cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates, instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions, system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory, video::Chip8Video,\n};\n\n#[derive(Clone)]\npub struct Chip8Computer {\n    pub num_cycles: i32,\n    pub memory: Chip8SystemMemory,\n    pub registers: Chip8Registers,\n    pub sound_timer: SoundTimer,\n    pub delay_timer: DelayTimer,\n    pub video_memory: Chip8Video,\n    pub state: Chip8CpuStates,\n    pub keypad: Keypad,\n    pub stack: Chip8Stack,\n    pub quirk_mode: QuirkMode\n}\nimpl Default for Chip8Computer {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            num_cycles: 0,\n            memory: Chip8SystemMemory::default(),\n            video_memory: Chip8Video::default(),\n            registers: Chip8Registers::default(),\n            sound_timer: SoundTimer::new(),\n            delay_timer: DelayTimer::new(),\n            state: Chip8CpuStates::default(),\n            keypad: Keypad::default(),\n            stack: Chip8Stack::default(),\n            quirk_mode: QuirkMode::default()\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Computer {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.video_memory.reset();\n        self.num_cycles = 0;\n        self.registers.reset();\n        self.delay_timer.reset();\n        self.sound_timer.reset();\n        self.stack.reset();\n        self.memory.reset();\n        self.quirk_mode = QuirkMode::Chip8;\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_keypad_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.keypad.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_registers_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.registers.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_video_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.clone().video_memory.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn new_with_program(new_program: Vec\u003cu16\u003e) -\u003e Self {\n        let mut working = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n        for (i, \u0026word) in new_program.iter().enumerate() {\n            let high = (word \u003e\u003e 8) as u8;\n            let low = (word \u0026 0xff) as u8;\n            let base_offset = (i * 2) as u16;\n            working.memory.poke(base_offset, high);\n            working.memory.poke(base_offset + 1, low);\n        }\n        working\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Computer::default()\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_bytes_to_memory(\u0026mut self, offset: u16, to_load: \u0026Vec\u003cu8\u003e) {\n        let total_len = to_load.len() as u16;\n        for current_index in 0..total_len {\n            let new_value = to_load[current_index as usize];\n            let new_location = current_index + offset;\n            self.memory.poke(new_location, new_value);\n        }\n        self.registers.set_pc(offset);\n    }\n\n    pub fn step_system(\u0026mut self) -\u003e \u0026mut Chip8Computer {\n        println!(\"Stepping System 1 Step\");\n        // read the next instruction\n        let local_memory = \u0026self.memory;\n\n    //    let mut working_instruction: u16 = 0b0000000000000000;\n        let start_pc = self.registers.peek_pc();\n        let high_byte = (local_memory.peek(start_pc) as u16).rotate_left(8);\n        let low_byte = local_memory.peek(start_pc + 1) as u16;\n        let result = high_byte | low_byte;\n        let decoded_instruction =\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(result, \u0026self.quirk_mode);\n        // todo: THIS IS BAD AND IS A SIDE EFFECT\n        decoded_instruction.execute(self);\n\n        match self.state {\n            Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction =\u003e {\n                println!(\"Ticking sound, delay, video\");\n                self.sound_timer.tick();\n                self.delay_timer.tick();\n                self.video_memory.tick();\n                self.num_cycles += 1;\n            }\n            Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey =\u003e {\n                debug!(\"waiting for a key press...\");\n            }\n            _ =\u003e {}\n        }\n        self\n    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std::thread;\nuse std::thread::sleep;\nuse std::time::{Duration, Instant};\nuse crate::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates;\nuse crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction;\npub enum ManagerDumpables {\n    Video,\n    Registers,\n    Keyboard\n}\n\npub struct Chip8ComputerManager {\n    core_should_run: bool,\n    one_step: bool,\n    core_cycle_timer: bool,\n    core_last_cycle_start: Instant,\n    computer: Chip8Computer\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8ComputerManager {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8ComputerManager {\n            core_should_run: false,\n            one_step: false,\n            core_cycle_timer: false,\n            core_last_cycle_start: Instant::now()   ,\n            computer: Chip8Computer::new()\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8ComputerManager {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.one_step = false;\n        self.core_should_run = false;\n        self.computer.reset();\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Chip8ComputerManager {\n        let core_handle = thread::spawn(move || {\n           loop {\n               let start_time = Instant::now();\n               let sleep_time = Instant::now().duration_since(start_time).as_millis();\n               sleep(Duration::from_millis((16 - sleep_time) as u64));\n           }\n        });\n\n        Chip8ComputerManager::default()\n    }\n\n    pub fn start(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.core_should_run = true;\n    }\n\n    pub fn stop(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.core_should_run = false\n    }\n\n    pub fn step(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.one_step = true;\n    }\n\n    pub fn state(\u0026mut self) -\u003e \u0026Chip8Computer {\n        \u0026self.computer\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick( \u0026mut self) -\u003e bool {\n     //   println!(\"STARTING TICK\");\n        let mut did_tick: bool = false;\n        if self.one_step | self.core_should_run  {\n            if let WaitingForInstruction = self.computer.state {\n                self.core_last_cycle_start = Instant::now();\n                self.computer.step_system();\n                did_tick = true\n             //   println!(\"SYSTEM STEP\");\n            }\n        };\n        if self.one_step {\n            println!(\"SYSTEM HALTED AFTER 1 STEP\");\n            // stop the CPU for the next cycle, we are only\n            // wanting one step.\n            self.one_step = false;\n            did_tick = true;\n        }\n        did_tick\n    }\n\n    pub fn press_key(\u0026mut self, key_index: u8) {\n        self.computer.keypad.push_key(key_index);\n        if matches!(self.computer.state, Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey) {\n            self.computer.state = WaitingForInstruction\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn release_key(\u0026mut self, key_index: u8) {\n        self.computer.keypad.release_key(key_index);\n    }\n\n    pub fn sound(managed: \u0026Chip8ComputerManager) -\u003e bool {\n        managed.computer.sound_timer.current() \u003e 0\n    }\n\n    pub fn wait_for_instruction(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.computer.state = WaitingForInstruction;\n    }\n\n    pub fn is_key_pressed(\u0026self, key_index: u8) -\u003e bool {\n        self.computer.keypad.pressed(key_index)\n    }\n\n    pub fn num_cycles(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        self.computer.num_cycles\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_new_program_to_system_memory(\u0026mut self, bytes_to_load: Vec\u003cu8\u003e) {\n        self.reset();\n        self.computer.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026bytes_to_load);\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_to_string(\u0026self, dump_type: ManagerDumpables) -\u003e String {\n        match dump_type {\n            ManagerDumpables::Video =\u003e {\n                self.computer.video_memory.format_as_string()\n            }\n            ManagerDumpables::Registers =\u003e {\n                self.computer.registers.format_as_string()\n            }\n            ManagerDumpables::Keyboard =\u003e {\n                self.computer.keypad.format_as_string()\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":22,"address":[40287568],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[552976],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3484110],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[3484208],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[40287717],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[3484220],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[40287731],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[40287744,40287839],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":40,"address":[260546],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[40312548],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[581740],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[1132778],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[40287776],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[40287872],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[260645],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[553264],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[3484389],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[3484400],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[40287909],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[40287920],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[553312],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[553325],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[40287954],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":71,"address":[3484487,3484534],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[553380],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[260795],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[3484529],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[40287976,40288096],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[40288051],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[40288084],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":83,"address":[3484587],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[3484536],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":88,"address":[553488],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[553509],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[260918],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[3484665],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[3484688],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":95,"address":[3484704],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[261008],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[261013],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[3484768],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[261045],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[261072],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[553696],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[40288352],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[553733],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":114,"address":[261225,261136],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":115,"address":[261154],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[40288438],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[3484992],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":120,"address":[261278],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":122,"address":[261322],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":125,"address":[40288588],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":128,"address":[40288613],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":54},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","cpu_states.rs"],"content":"#[derive(Clone, Copy, Default)]\npub enum Chip8CpuStates {\n    #[default]\n    WaitingForInstruction,\n    WaitingForKey,\n    ExecutingInstruction,\n    Error,\n}\n\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","delay_timer.rs"],"content":"#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub struct DelayTimer {\n    counter: u8\n}\n\nimpl Default for DelayTimer {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self::new()\n    }\n}\n\nimpl DelayTimer {\n    pub fn current(\u0026self) -\u003e u8 {\n        self.counter\n    }\n\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        DelayTimer {\n            counter: 0xff\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.counter = 0xff;\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_timer(\u0026mut self, new_value: u8) {\n        self.counter = new_value\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        if self.counter \u003e 0 {\n            self.counter -= 1;\n        }\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":7,"address":[232880],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":8,"address":[3521521],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":13,"address":[640976],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":14,"address":[640981],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":23,"address":[40269600],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":24,"address":[40269605],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":27,"address":[1133920],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":28,"address":[3521596],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":31,"address":[641040],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":32,"address":[40269646,40269687],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":8}},{"line":33,"address":[40269661,40269689],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}}],"covered":11,"coverable":11},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","instructions.rs"],"content":"use crate::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey;\nuse crate::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::*;\nuse crate::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode;\nuse crate::chip8::util::InstructionUtil;\nuse crate::constants::*;\nuse log::debug;\nuse rand::Rng;\nuse std::fmt::{Debug, Display, Formatter};\nuse std::ops::BitAnd;\nuse std::time::Instant;\n\n/*\nnnn or addr - A 12-bit value, the lowest 12 bits of the instruction\nn or nibble - A 4-bit value, the lowest 4 bits of the instruction\nx - A 4-bit value, the lower 4 bits of the high byte of the instruction\ny - A 4-bit value, the upper 4 bits of the low byte of the instruction\nkk or byte - An 8-bit value, the lowest 8 bits of the instruction\n */\n\n#[derive(Debug, Clone)]\npub enum Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    /// 0nnn\n    /// Exit to System Call at nnn\n    SYS(u16),\n    /// 00E0\n    /// Clear the display.\n    CLS,\n    /// 00EE\n    /// Return from a subroutine.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter sets the program counter to the address at the top of the stack,\n    /// then subtracts 1 from the stack pointer.\n    RET,\n    /// 1nnn\n    /// Jump to location nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter sets the program counter to nnn.\n    JPA(u16),\n    /// 2nnn\n    /// Call subroutine at nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter increments the stack pointer, then puts the current PC on the top\n    /// of the stack. The PC is then set to nnn.\n    CALL(u16),\n    /// 0x3xkk\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are equal, increments the\n    /// program counter by 2.\n    SEX(u8, u8),\n    /// 4xkk\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx != kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are not equal, increments\n    /// the program counter by 2.\n    SNEB(u8, u8),\n    /// 5xy0\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx = Vy.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to register Vy, and if they are equal, increments\n    /// the program counter by 2.\n    SEY(u8, u8),\n    /// 6xkk\n    /// Set Vx = kk\n    LDR(u8, u8),\n    /// 7xkk\n    /// The interpreter puts the value kk into register Vx.\n    ADD(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy0\n    /// Adds the value kk to the value of register Vx, then stores the result in Vx.\n    LDRY(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy1\n    /// Stores the value of register Vy in register Vx.\n    OR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy2\n    /// Set Vx = Vx OR Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise OR on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the result in Vx.\n    /// A bitwise OR compares the corrseponding bits from two values, and if either\n    /// bit is 1, then the same bit in the result is also 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    AND(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy3\n    /// Set Vx = Vx AND Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise AND on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the result in Vx.\n    /// A bitwise AND compares the corrseponding bits from two values, and if both bits\n    /// are 1, then the same bit in the result is also 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    ORY(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy4\n    /// Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise exclusive OR on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the\n    /// result in Vx. An exclusive OR compares the corrseponding bits from two values,\n    /// and if the bits are not both the same, then the corresponding bit in the result\n    /// is set to 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    ADDR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy5\n    /// Set Vx = Vx + Vy, set VF = carry.\n    ///\n    /// The values of Vx and Vy are added together. If the result is greater than 8 bits\n    /// (i.e., \u003e 255,) VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Only the lowest 8 bits of the result\n    /// are kept, and stored in Vx.\n    SUB(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy6\n    /// Set Vx = Vx - Vy, set VF = NOT borrow.\n    ///\n    /// If Vx \u003e Vy, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vy is subtracted from Vx, and the\n    /// results stored in Vx.\n    SHR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy7\n    /// If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx\n    /// is divided by 2.\n    SUBC(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xye\n    /// Set Vx = Vy - Vx, set VF = NOT borrow.\n    //\n    /// If Vy \u003e Vx, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is subtracted from Vy, and the\n    /// results stored in Vx.\n    SHL(u8, u8),\n    /// 9xy0\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx != Vy.\n    ///\n    /// The values of Vx and Vy are compared, and if they are not equal, the program\n    /// counter is increased by 2.\n    SNEY(u8, u8),\n    /// Annn\n    /// Set I = nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The value of register I is set to nnn\n    LDIA(u16),\n    /// Bnnn\n    /// Jump to location nnn + V0.\n    ///\n    /// The program counter is set to nnn plus the value of V0.\n    JPI(u16),\n    /// Cxkk\n    /// Set Vx = random byte AND kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter generates a random number from 0 to 255, which is then\n    /// ANDed with the value kk. The results are stored in Vx. See instruction\n    /// 8xy2 for more information on AND.\n    RND(u8, u8),\n    /// Dxyn\n    /// Display n-byte sprite starting at memory location I at (Vx, Vy), set VF = collision.\n    ///\n    /// In Chip-8,\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter reads n bytes from memory, starting at the address stored in I.\n    /// These bytes are then displayed as sprites on screen at coordinates (Vx, Vy).\n    /// Sprites are XORed onto the existing screen. If this causes any pixels to be erased,\n    /// VF is set to 1, otherwise it is set to 0. If the sprite is positioned so part of\n    /// it is outside the coordinates of the display, it wraps around to the opposite side\n    /// of the screen. See instruction 8xy3 for more information on XOR, and section 2.4,\n    /// Display, for more information on the Chip-8 screen and sprites.\n    ///\n    /// In SCHIP\n    ///\n    /// Show N-byte sprite from M(I) at Coords (VX,VY) VF = Collision.\n    /// If N=0 AND ExtendedMode, 16x16 sprite\n    DRW(u8, u8, u8),\n    /// Ex9E\n    /// Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n    ///\n    /// Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently\n    /// in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n    SKP(u8),\n    /// ExA1\n    /// Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n    ///\n    /// Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in\n    /// the up position, PC is increased by 2.\n    /// On XO Chip, Skips 2 more bytes when the instruction is 4 bytes long\n    SKNP(u8),\n    /// Fx07\n    /// The value of DT is placed into Vx.\n    LDRD(u8),\n    /// Fx0A\n    /// Wait for a key press, store the value of the key in Vx.\n    ///\n    /// All execution stops until a key is pressed, then the value of that key is stored in Vx.\n    LDRK(u8),\n    /// Fx15\n    /// Set delay timer = Vx.\n    ///\n    /// DT is set equal to the value of Vx.\n    LDD(u8), // 0xFx15 Set Delay Timer\n    /// Fx18\n    /// Set sound timer = Vx.\n    ///\n    /// ST is set equal to the value of Vx.\n    LDIS(u8),\n    /// Fx1E - ADD I, Vx\n    /// Set I = I + Vx.\n    ///\n    /// The values of I and Vx are added, and the results are stored in I.\n    ADDI(u8),\n    /// Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n    /// Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n    ///\n    /// The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite\n    /// corresponding to the value of Vx. See section 2.4, Display, for\n    /// more information on the Chip-8 hexadecimal font.\n    LDFX(u8),\n    /// Fx33 - LD B, Vx\n    /// Store BCD representation of Vx in memory locations I, I+1, and I+2.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter takes the decimal value of Vx, and places the hundreds\n    /// digit in memory at location in I, the tens digit at location I+1, and the\n    /// ones digit at location I+2.\n    BCD(u8),\n    /// Fx55 - LD [I], Vx\n    /// Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter copies the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n    /// starting at the address in I.\n    LDIX(u8),\n    /// Fx65 - LD Vx, [I]\n    /// Read registers V0 through Vx from memory starting at location I.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter reads values from memory starting at location I into registers\n    /// V0 through Vx.\n    LDRI(u8),\n    XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n    // 00Dn - CHIP8 - SCHIP * XOCHIP\n    /* START OF SCHIP-8 */\n    /// 00CN - CHIP8 * SCHIP * XOCHIP\n    ///\n    /// Scrolll Display N Lines Down\n    SCD(u8),\n    /// 00FB\n    ///\n    /// Scroll 4 lines Right\n    SCR,\n    /// 00FC\n    ///\n    /// Scroll 4 lines Left\n    SCL,\n    /// 00FE\n    ///\n    /// Disable Extended Mode\n    LOW,\n    /// 00FF\n    ///\n    /// Enable Extended Mode\n    HIGH,\n    /// 00FD\n    ///\n    /// Exit App\n    EXIT,\n    /// FX30\n    ///\n    /// Point I to 10 yte font sprite for digit VX (0..9)\n    LDF2(u8),\n    /// FX75\n    ///\n    /// Store V0..VX in RPL user flags (X \u003c= 7\n    STR(u8),\n    /// FX85\n    ///\n    /// Load V0..VX from RPL user flags (X \u003c= 7)\n    LIDR(u8),\n    /// 0xBxNN\n    ///\n    /// Jump to Address XNN+Vx\n    JPX(u8, u16),\n    /// 0x00Cn\n    ///\n    /// scroll screen content down N pixel, in XO-CHIP only selected bit\n    /// planes are scrolled (Quirks are HP48 specific)\n    SCU(u8),\n}\n\nimpl Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    pub fn name(\u0026self) -\u003e \u0026str {\n        match self {\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(_) =\u003e INST_ADDI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(_, _) =\u003e INST_ADD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(_, _) =\u003e INST_ADDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(_, _) =\u003e INST_AND,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e INST_CLS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(_) =\u003e INST_CALL,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(_, _, _) =\u003e INST_DRW,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT =\u003e INST_EXIT,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(_) =\u003e INST_JPA,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(_) =\u003e INST_JPI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(_) =\u003e INST_BCD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(_) =\u003e INST_LDD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(_) =\u003e INST_LDF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(_) =\u003e INST_LDF2,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(_) =\u003e INST_LDIA,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(_) =\u003e INST_LDIX,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(_) =\u003e INST_LIDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(_) =\u003e INST_LDIS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(_, _) =\u003e INST_LDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(_) =\u003e INST_LDRD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(_) =\u003e INST_LDRI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(_) =\u003e INST_LDRK,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(_, _) =\u003e INST_LDRY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(_, _) =\u003e INST_OR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e INST_RET,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(_, _) =\u003e INST_RND,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(_) =\u003e INST_SCD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL =\u003e INST_SCL,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR =\u003e INST_SCR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(_, _) =\u003e INST_SEX,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(_, _) =\u003e INST_SEY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(_, _) =\u003e INST_SHL,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(_, _) =\u003e INST_SHR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(_) =\u003e INST_SKP,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(_, _) =\u003e INST_SNEB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(_, _) =\u003e INST_SNEY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(_) =\u003e INST_SKNP,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(_) =\u003e INST_STR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(_, _) =\u003e INST_SUB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(_, _) =\u003e INST_SUBC,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(_) =\u003e INST_SYS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LOW =\u003e INST_LOW,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH =\u003e INST_HIGH,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(_, _) =\u003e INST_ORY,\n            JPX(_, _) =\u003e INST_JPX,\n            XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e \"XX ERROR XX\",\n            SCU(_) =\u003e INST_SCU,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn operands(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        match self {\n            JPX(x, addr) =\u003e {\n                let addr_for_display = (*x as u16) \u003c\u003c 8 | *addr;\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}, 0x{addr_for_display:04x}\")\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(addr)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(addr)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(addr) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{addr:04x}\")\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(x, byte)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(x, byte)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(x, byte)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x, byte)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}, 0x{byte:02x}\")\n            }\n            // Reg, Reg\n            SEY(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:01x}, 0x{y:01x}\")\n            }\n            // Reg, Reg, Nibble\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x, y, nibble) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}, 0x{y:02x}, 0x{nibble:02x}\")\n            }\n            // Registers.  0-F\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCU(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}\")\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LOW\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e String::new(),\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Display for Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    fn fmt(\u0026self, f: \u0026mut Formatter\u003c'_\u003e) -\u003e std::fmt::Result {\n        let ops = self.operands();\n        let space = if ops.is_empty() { \"\" } else { \" \" };\n        write!(f, \"{}{}{}\", self.name(), space, ops)\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    pub fn from_str(input: \u0026str) -\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions {\n        let mut parts = input.split(\" \");\n        //  print!(\"THERE ARE {} PARTS\", parts.clone().count());\n        let first_part = parts.next().unwrap_or(\"\");\n        // take the next value...\n        // ...strip off the extra...\n        // ...convert it to an integer from base 16\n        let param1 = u16::from_str_radix(\n            parts\n                .next()\n                .unwrap_or(\"0\")\n                .trim_start_matches(\"0x\")\n                .trim_end_matches(\",\"),\n            16,\n        )\n        .unwrap_or(0);\n        let param2 = u16::from_str_radix(\n            parts\n                .next()\n                .unwrap_or(\"0\")\n                .trim_start_matches(\"0x\")\n                .trim_end_matches(\",\"),\n            16,\n        )\n        .unwrap_or(0);\n        let param3 = u16::from_str_radix(\n            parts\n                .next()\n                .unwrap_or(\"0\")\n                .trim_start_matches(\"0x\")\n                .trim_end_matches(\",\"),\n            16,\n        )\n        .unwrap_or(0);\n        //  println!(\"\\tFirst part is {:?} / {:?} / {:?} / {:?}\", first_part, param1 ,param2 ,param3);\n        match first_part {\n            INST_ADDI =\u003e ADDI(param1 as u8),\n            INST_ADD =\u003e ADD(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_CLS =\u003e CLS,\n            INST_DRW =\u003e DRW(param1 as u8, param2 as u8, param3 as u8),\n            INST_CALL =\u003e CALL(param1),\n            INST_SYS =\u003e SYS(param1),\n            INST_RET =\u003e RET,\n            INST_JPA =\u003e JPA(param1),\n            INST_JPI =\u003e JPI(param1),\n            INST_SEX =\u003e SEX(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SNEB =\u003e SNEB(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SCD =\u003e SCD(param1 as u8),\n            INST_STR =\u003e STR(param1 as u8),\n            INST_SCL =\u003e SCL,\n            INST_EXIT =\u003e EXIT,\n            INST_LOW =\u003e LOW,\n            INST_HIGH =\u003e HIGH,\n            INST_SEY =\u003e SEY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_LDRY =\u003e LDRY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_LDR =\u003e LDR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_OR =\u003e OR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_AND =\u003e AND(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_ORY =\u003e ORY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_ADDR =\u003e ADDR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SUB =\u003e SUB(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SHR =\u003e SHR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SHL =\u003e SHL(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SUBC =\u003e SUBC(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SNEY =\u003e SNEY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_LDIA =\u003e LDIA(param1),\n            INST_RND =\u003e RND(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SKP =\u003e SKP(param1 as u8),\n            INST_SKNP =\u003e SKNP(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDRD =\u003e LDRD(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDRK =\u003e LDRK(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDRI =\u003e LDRI(param1 as u8),\n            INST_BCD =\u003e BCD(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDF =\u003e LDFX(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDF2 =\u003e LDF2(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDIX =\u003e LDIX(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LIDR =\u003e LIDR(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDIS =\u003e LDIS(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDD =\u003e LDD(param1 as u8),\n            INST_JPX =\u003e JPX(param1 as u8, param2),\n            _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn encode(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        match self {\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(target) =\u003e target \u0026 0x0FFF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e 0x00E0,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e 0x00EE,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(new_addr) =\u003e 0x1000 | (new_addr \u0026 0x0FFF),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(address) =\u003e 0x2000 | (address \u0026 0x0FFF),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                0x3000 | ((*vx_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                0x4000 | ((*vx_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x5000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(x_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                0x6000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(x_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                0x7000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8001 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8002 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8003 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8004 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8005 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8006 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8007 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x800E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x9000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr) =\u003e 0xA000 | addr,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr) =\u003e 0xB000 | addr,\n            JPX(x_register, addr) =\u003e (0xb000 | (*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | *addr,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                0xC000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, height) =\u003e {\n                0xD000\n                    | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8)\n                    | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n                    | (*height as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x_register) =\u003e 0xE09E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x_register) =\u003e 0xE0A1 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF007 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x_register) =\u003e 0xF00A | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF015 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(x_register) =\u003e 0xF018 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x_register) =\u003e 0xF01E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x_register) =\u003e 0xF029 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF033 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x_register) =\u003e 0xF055 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(x_register) =\u003e 0xF065 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(x_register) =\u003e 0x00C0 | (*x_register as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR =\u003e 0x00FB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL =\u003e 0x00FC,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LOW =\u003e 0x00FE,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH =\u003e 0x00FF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT =\u003e 0x00FD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(x_register) =\u003e 0xF030 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(x_register) =\u003e 0xF075 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(x_register) =\u003e 0xF085 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e 0xFFFF,\n            SCU(x_register) =\u003e 0x00D0 | (*x_register as u16),\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn decode(input: u16, quirk_mode: \u0026QuirkMode) -\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions {\n        let x_param = InstructionUtil::read_x_from_instruction(input);\n        let y_param = InstructionUtil::read_y_from_instruction(input);\n        let addr_param = InstructionUtil::read_addr_from_instruction(input);\n        let byte_param = InstructionUtil::read_byte_from_instruction(input);\n        let nibble_param = InstructionUtil::read_nibble_from_instruction(input);\n        let ubln = InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(input);\n        let last_byte = (input \u0026 0xFF) as u8;\n        let last_nibble = (input \u0026 0xF) as u8;\n\n        match input {\n            0x00C0..=0x00CF =\u003e match quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                QuirkMode::XOChip =\u003e SCD(last_nibble),\n                QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e SCD(last_nibble),\n            },\n            0x00E0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS,\n            0x00EE =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::RET,\n            0x00FB =\u003e {\n                match quirk_mode {\n                    QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                        // does not exist on Chip8\n                        XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n                    }\n                    QuirkMode::XOChip =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR,\n                    QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR,\n                }\n            }\n            0x00FC =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL,\n            0x00FD =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT,\n            0x00FE =\u003e match quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e LOW,\n            },\n            0x00FF =\u003e match quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e HIGH,\n            },\n            0x0000..=0x0FFF =\u003e match quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(addr_param),\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n            0x1000..=0x1FFF =\u003e JPA(addr_param),\n            0x2000..=0x2FFF =\u003e CALL(addr_param),\n            0x3000..=0x3FFF =\u003e SEX(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x4000..=0x4FFF =\u003e SNEB(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x5000..=0x5FF0 if input \u0026 0x01 == 0 =\u003e SEY(x_param, y_param),\n            0x6000..=0x6FFF =\u003e LDR(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x7000..=0x7FFF =\u003e ADD(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x8000..=0x8FFE =\u003e match last_nibble {\n                0x0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(x_param, y_param),\n                0x1 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x2 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x_param, y_param),\n                0x3 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x_param, y_param),\n                0x4 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x5 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x_param, y_param),\n                0x6 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x7 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x_param, y_param),\n                0xE =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x_param, y_param),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n            0x9000..=0x9FF0 if input \u0026 0x01 == 0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x_param, y_param),\n            0xA000..=0xAFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr_param),\n            0xB000..=0xBFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr_param),\n            0xC000..=0xCFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x_param, byte_param),\n            0xD000..=0xDFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_param, y_param, nibble_param),\n            0xE09E..=0xEFA1 =\u003e match last_byte {\n                0x9E =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(ubln),\n                0xA1 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(ubln),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n            0xF007..=0xFF65 =\u003e match last_byte {\n                0x07 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(ubln),\n                0x0A =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(ubln),\n                0x15 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(ubln),\n                0x18 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(ubln),\n                0x1E =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(ubln),\n                0x29 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(ubln),\n                0x30 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(ubln),\n                0x33 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(ubln),\n                0x55 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(ubln),\n                0x65 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(ubln),\n                0x75 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(ubln),\n                0x85 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(ubln),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n            _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn execute(\u0026self, input: \u0026mut Chip8Computer) -\u003e Chip8Computer {\n        //        print!(\"INSTRUCTION {}\", self);\n        let start_time = Instant::now();\n        let start_pc = input.registers.peek_pc();\n        input.registers.poke_pc(start_pc + 2);\n        match self {\n            // 0x0nnn Exit to System Call\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(new_address) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address);\n            }\n            // * 0x00E0 Clear Screen\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e {\n                input.video_memory.cls();\n            }\n            // 0x00EE Return from Subroutine\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(input.stack.pop());\n            }\n            // 0x1nnn Jump to Address\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(new_address) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address);\n            }\n            // 0x2nnn Call Subroutine\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(new_address) =\u003e {\n                let return_address = input.registers.peek_pc();\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address);\n                input.stack.push(\u0026return_address);\n            }\n            // 0x3xkk Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                if input.registers.peek(*vx_register) == { *byte } {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x4xkk Skip next instruction if Vx != kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                // 4xkk - SNE Vx, byte\n                // Skip next instruction if Vx != kk.\n                //\n                // The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are not equal,\n                // increments the program counter by 2.\n                if input.registers.peek(*x) != *byte {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x5xy0 Skip next instruction if Vx == Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                if input.registers.peek(*x) == input.registers.peek(*y) {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x6xkk Set Vx = kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(register, byte) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(*register, *byte);\n            }\n            // 0x7xkk Set Vx = Vx + kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(\n                    *vx_register,\n                    (input.registers.peek(*vx_register) as u16 + *byte as u16) as u8,\n                );\n            }\n            // 0x8xy0 Set value of Vy in Vx\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(*x, input.registers.peek(*y));\n            }\n            // 0x8xy1 Set Vx = Vx OR Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // shift them to 16 bit\n                let working_16_x = input.registers.peek(*x) as u16;\n                let working_16_y = input.registers.peek(*y) as u16;\n                // OR them\n                let working_16_or = working_16_x | working_16_y;\n                // shift them back to 8 bit.\n                input.registers.poke(*x, working_16_or as u8);\n                // reset of VF quirk\n                input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                debug!(\"OrVxVy [0x{x:1x}] [0x{y:1x}]\")\n            }\n            // 0x8xy2 Set Vx = Vx AND Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*x) as u16;\n                let rhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*y) as u16;\n                // reset of VF quirk\n                input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                input.registers.poke(*x, (lhs_16 \u0026 rhs_16) as u8);\n            }\n            // 0x8xy3 Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*x) as u16;\n                let rhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*y) as u16;\n                // reset of VF quirk\n                input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                input.registers.poke(*x, (lhs_16 ^ rhs_16) as u8);\n            }\n            // 0x8xy4 Set Vx = Vx + Vy (SET VF on Carry)\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs = input.registers.peek(*x) as i16;\n                let rhs = input.registers.peek(*y) as i16;\n                let working = lhs + rhs;\n                input.registers.poke(*x, working as u8);\n\n                if working \u003e= 0x100 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0xf, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy5 - SUB Vx, Vy\n                // Set Vx = Vx - Vy, set VF = NOT borrow.\n                //\n                // If Vx \u003e Vy, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vy is subtracted from Vx, and the results stored in Vx.\n\n                let lhs = input.registers.peek(*x);\n                let rhs = input.registers.peek(*y);\n\n                let mut result = 0;\n\n                let borrow_flag: u8 = if rhs \u003e lhs {\n                    result = (lhs as u16 + 0x100) - rhs as u16;\n                    0\n                } else {\n                    result = lhs as u16 - rhs as u16;\n                    1\n                };\n\n                input.registers.poke(*x, result as u8);\n                input.registers.poke(0x0f, borrow_flag);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x, _) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy6 - SHR Vx {, Vy}\n                // Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n                // SHIFT 1 Bit ----\u003e\n                // If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n                let initial_value = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                // overflow check\n                let rotated = initial_value \u003e\u003e 1;\n                input.registers.poke(*x, rotated);\n                if initial_value.bitand(0b1) == 1 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy7 - SUBN Vx, Vy\n                // Set Vx = Vy - Vx, set VF = NOT borrow.\n                //\n                // If Vy \u003e Vx, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is subtracted from Vy, and the results stored in Vx.\n                let y_register = input.registers.peek(*y);\n                let x_register = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                let (new_value, value_to_poke) = if y_register \u003c x_register {\n                    (0, (y_register as u16 + 256) - x_register as u16)\n                } else {\n                    (1, (y_register - x_register) as u16)\n                };\n                input.registers.poke(*x, value_to_poke as u8);\n                input.registers.poke(0xf, new_value);\n            }\n\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x, _) =\u003e {\n                // 8xyE - SHL Vx {, Vy}\n                // Set Vx = Vx SHL 1.\n                //\n                // If the most-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise to 0. Then Vx is multiplied by 2.\n                let initial_value = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                // overflow check\n                let rotated = initial_value \u003c\u003c 1;\n                input.registers.poke(*x, rotated);\n                if initial_value.bitand(0b10000000) == 0b10000000 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(vx_register, vy_register) =\u003e {\n                // 9xy0 - SNE Vx, Vy\n                // Skip next instruction if Vx != Vy.\n                //\n                // The values of Vx and Vy are compared, and if they are not equal, the program counter is increased by 2.\n\n                let x_reg_value = input.registers.peek(*vx_register);\n                let y_reg_value = input.registers.peek(*vy_register);\n                if x_reg_value != y_reg_value {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(new_index) =\u003e {\n                // Annn - LD I, addr\n                // Set I = nnn.\n                //\n                // The value of register I is set to nnn.\n                //  debug!(\"LdiAddr [0x{new_index:3x}]\");\n                input.registers.poke_i(*new_index);\n            }\n            // 0xBnnn Jump to nnn+V0\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr) =\u003e {\n                // Bnnn - JP V0, addr\n                // Jump to location nnn + V0.\n                //\n                // The program counter is set to nnn plus the value of V0.\n                input\n                    .registers\n                    .poke_pc(input.registers.peek(0) as u16 + addr);\n            }\n            // 0xBxnn Jump to Xnn+Vx\n            JPX(vx_register, addr) =\u003e {\n                let x_reg_value: u16 = input.registers.peek(*vx_register) as u16;\n                let shifted_x_reg = x_reg_value \u003c\u003c 8;\n                let added_addr = shifted_x_reg | addr;\n                let final_addr = added_addr + shifted_x_reg;\n                println!(\"JPX -\u003e {x_reg_value:02x} {shifted_x_reg:04x} {added_addr:04x} {final_addr:04x}\");\n                input.registers.poke_i(final_addr);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                // Cxkk - RND Vx, byte\n                // Set Vx = random byte AND kk.\n                //\n                // The interpreter generates a random number from 0 to 255,\n                // which is then ANDed with the value kk.\n                // The results are stored in Vx.\n                let mut rng = rand::thread_rng();\n                let new_value: u8 = rng.random();\n                let and_value: u8 = *byte;\n                let result = new_value \u0026 and_value;\n                debug!(\"RANDOM: [{new_value:02x}] AND: [{and_value:02x} Result: [{result:02x}]\");\n                input.registers.poke(*x, new_value \u0026 { *byte })\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(y, x, n) =\u003e {\n                // Display n-byte sprite starting at memory location I at (Vx, Vy), set VF = collision.\n\n                // The interpreter reads n bytes from memory, starting at the address stored in I.\n\n                // These bytes are then displayed as sprites on screen at coordinates (Vx, Vy).\n                // Sprites are XORed onto the existing screen.\n                // If this causes any pixels to be erased, VF is set to 1,\n                //     otherwise it is set to 0.\n                // If the sprite is positioned so part of it is outside the coordinates of the display,\n                //     it wraps around to the opposite side of the screen.\n\n                let source_memory_offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                let x_offset = input.registers.peek(*x) as u16;\n                let y_offset = input.registers.peek(*y) as u16;\n                if input.video_memory.is_highres() {\n                    // if n == 0 we have a 16 row sprite (font maybe)\n                    let actual_num_loops = if *n == 0u8 { 16 } else { *n };\n                    for byte_index in 0..actual_num_loops {\n                        let current_byte =\n                            input.memory.peek(byte_index as u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let next_byte = input\n                            .memory\n                            .peek(byte_index as u16 + 1u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let x_offset = (x_offset + byte_index as u16) * 64;\n                        for bit_index in 0..8 {\n                            input.video_memory.poke(\n                                x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16),\n                                (current_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0,\n                            );\n                            input.video_memory.poke(\n                                x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16) + 8,\n                                (next_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0,\n                            );\n                        }\n                    }\n                } else {\n                    for byte_index in 0..*n {\n                        let current_byte =\n                            input.memory.peek(byte_index as u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let x_offset: u16 = (x_offset + byte_index as u16) * 64;\n                        for bit_index in 0..8 {\n                            input.video_memory.poke(\n                                x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16),\n                                (current_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0,\n                            );\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n\n                let target = if input.video_memory.has_frame_changed {\n                    1u8\n                } else {\n                    0u8\n                };\n\n                input.registers.poke(0xf, target);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x) =\u003e {\n                // Ex9E - SKP Vx\n                // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n                //\n                // Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n                let key_to_check = input.registers.peek(*x);\n                let is_pressed = input.keypad.pressed(key_to_check);\n                if is_pressed {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x) =\u003e {\n                // ExA1 - SKNP Vx\n                // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n                //\n\n                // Checks the keyboard,\n                // and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the up position,\n                // PC is increased by 2.\n                let target_key = input.registers.peek(*x);\n                let is_pressed = input.keypad.pressed(target_key);\n                debug!(\"SnKpVx [{x:1x}]\");\n                if !is_pressed {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx07 - LD Vx, DT\n                // Set Vx = delay timer value.\n                //\n                // The value of DT is placed into Vx.\n                let value_to_set = input.delay_timer.current();\n                input.registers.poke(*x, value_to_set);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx0A - LD Vx, K\n                // Wait for a key press, store the value of the key in Vx.\n                //\n                // All execution stops until a key is pressed, then the value of that key is stored in Vx.\n                input.state = WaitingForKey;\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(source_register) =\u003e {\n                // Fx15 - LD DT, Vx\n                // Set delay timer = Vx.\n                //\n                // DT is set equal to the value of Vx.\n                let new_time = input.registers.peek(*source_register);\n                input.delay_timer.set_timer(new_time);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(new_time) =\u003e {\n                let new_value = input.registers.peek(*new_time);\n                input.sound_timer.set_timer(new_value as i32);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx1E - ADD I, Vx\n                // Set I = I + Vx.\n                //\n                // The values of I and Vx are added, and the results are stored in I.\n                let base = input.registers.peek_i();\n                let x_value = input.registers.peek(*x);\n                input.registers.poke_i(base + x_value as u16);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n                // Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n                //\n                // The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite corresponding\n                // to the value of Vx. See section 2.4, Display, for more information on\n                // the Chip-8 hexadecimal font.\n\n                let x_value: u8 = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                let real_offset = x_value as u16 * 5;\n                input.registers.poke_i(real_offset);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx33 - LD B, Vx\n                // Store BCD representation of Vx in memory locations I, I+1, and I+2.\n                //\n                // The interpreter takes the decimal value of Vx, and places the hundreds\n                // digit in memory at location in I, the tens digit at location I+1,\n                // and the ones digit at location I+2.\n\n                let to_convert = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                // how many hundreds\n                let hundreds = to_convert / 100;\n                // how many tens, minus the hundreds\n                let tens = (to_convert / 10) - (hundreds * 10);\n                // whats the leftover when dividing by 10\n                let units = to_convert % 10;\n\n                // Convert to BCD\n                let result =\n                    ((hundreds as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | units as u16 | ((tens as u16) \u003c\u003c 4) | units as u16;\n                // write them to the memory pointed to by I, I+1, and I+2\n                let target_start_offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset, hundreds);\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset + 1, tens);\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset + 2, units);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x) =\u003e {\n                // Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n                //\n                // The interpreter copi=es the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n                // starting at the address in I.\n                let offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                for i in 0..=*x {\n                    input\n                        .memory\n                        .poke(offset + i as u16, input.registers.peek(i));\n                }\n                input.registers.poke_i(offset + 1);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(x) =\u003e {\n                // Read registers V0 through Vx from memory starting at location I.\n                //\n                // The interpreter reads values from memory starting at location I into registers V0 through Vx.\n                let offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                debug!(\"STARTING TO READ AT {offset:03x}\");\n                let num_loops = x + 1;\n                debug!(\"WILL READ {num_loops:x} BYTES\");\n                for index in 0..num_loops {\n                    let src_value = input.memory.peek(index as u16 + offset);\n                    input.registers.poke(index, src_value);\n                    debug!(\"POKING Register 0x{index:02x} with 0x{src_value:04x} using offset 0x{offset:04x}\");\n                }\n                input.registers.poke_i(offset + 1);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e {}\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(x) =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"Attempt to execute SCD in Chip8 Mode\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    input.video_memory.scroll_down(*x as i32);\n                }\n            },\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"Attempt to execute SCR in Chip8 Mode\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    input.video_memory.scroll_right();\n                }\n            },\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"Attempt to execute SCL in Chip8 Mode\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    input.video_memory.scroll_left();\n                }\n            },\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LOW =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"ATTEMPT TO SET LOWRES IN CHIP8MODE\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    input.video_memory.set_lowres();\n                }\n            },\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"ATTEMPT TO SET HIGHRES IN CHIP8MODE\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    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Clone)]\npub enum QuirkMode {\n    #[default]\n    Chip8,\n    XOChip,\n    SChipModern\n}\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","registers.rs"],"content":"/// Registers.  numbered 1-16 publicly.\n/// Privately using zero base array so -1 to shift from pub to priv.\n#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub struct Chip8Registers {\n    pub registers: [u8; 16],\n    pub i_register: u16,\n    pub pc: u16,\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Registers {\n    pub fn advance_pc(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.pc += 2;\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8Registers {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Registers {\n            registers: [0x00; 16],\n            i_register: 0x00,\n            pc: 0x200,\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Registers {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.registers = [0x00; 16];\n        self.i_register = 0x00;\n        self.pc = 0x200;\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_pc(\u0026mut self, new_pc: u16) {\n        self.pc = new_pc\n    }\n    pub fn peek_i(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        self.i_register\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_i(\u0026mut self, new_value: u16) {\n        self.i_register = new_value;\n    }\n    pub fn peek(\u0026self, register_number: u8) -\u003e u8 {\n        self.registers[register_number as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke(\u0026mut self, register_number: u8, value: u8) {\n        if register_number \u003e 0xf {\n            panic!(\"INVALID REGISTER\");\n        }\n        self.registers[register_number as usize] = value;\n    }\n\n    pub fn peek_pc(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        self.pc\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_pc(\u0026mut self, new_pc: u16) {\n        self.pc = new_pc\n    }\n\n    pub fn format_as_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        format!(\"Vx: 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x}\\n    0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x}\\nI: 0x{:04x}\\tPC: 0x{:04x}\",\n                self.registers[0x0],\n                self.registers[0x1],\n                self.registers[0x2],\n                self.registers[0x3],\n                self.registers[0x4],\n                self.registers[0x5],\n                self.registers[0x6],\n                self.registers[0x7],\n                self.registers[0x8],\n                self.registers[0x9],\n                self.registers[0xa],\n                self.registers[0xb],\n                self.registers[0xc],\n                self.registers[0xd],\n                self.registers[0xe],\n                self.registers[0xf],\n                self.i_register,\n                self.pc\n        )\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[773360],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":12,"address":[3461715,3461677],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":17,"address":[644960],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":19,"address":[3461758],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":27,"address":[1082720],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":28,"address":[573790],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":29,"address":[40261791],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":30,"address":[1082757],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":33,"address":[235904],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":34,"address":[3461885],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":36,"address":[633216],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":37,"address":[633221],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":40,"address":[773616],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":41,"address":[573885],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":43,"address":[773648],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":44,"address":[40261946,40261909],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":47,"address":[3462032],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":48,"address":[236099],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":49,"address":[645307],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":51,"address":[574117,574027,574104],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":54,"address":[1083088],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":55,"address":[40262133],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":58,"address":[773904],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":59,"address":[633533],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":62,"address":[1083136],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":63,"address":[40268156,40267228,40262395,40266764,40263790,40266996,40263139,40262302,40262581,40263046,40262674,40263511,40263232,40264908,40266532,40267460,40266068,40264676,40267692,40267924,40262953,40266300,40262767,40263325,40263418,40265372,40263697,40262860,40265604,40268620,40262488,40265140,40263880,40265836,40263604,40268388],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":36}}],"covered":26,"coverable":26},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","sound_timer.rs"],"content":"use log::trace;\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub struct SoundTimer {\n    counter: i32\n}\n\nimpl Default for SoundTimer {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self::new()\n    }\n}\n\nimpl SoundTimer {\n    pub fn current(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        self.counter\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        SoundTimer {\n            counter: 0\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn set_timer(\u0026mut self, new_value: i32) {\n        trace!(\"SETTING SOUND TIMER TO {new_value}\");\n        self.counter = new_value\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        trace!(\"TICKING SOUND FROM {} to {}\", self.counter, self.counter - 1);\n        if self.counter \u003e 0 {\n            self.counter -= 1;\n            /*\n            todo: this breaks tests.  maybe its wrong?\n            if let good_thread = thread::spawn(|| {\n                beep(440).expect(\"Unable to beep\");\n                thread::sleep(time::Duration::from_millis(500));\n            }).join().unwrap().\n             */\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.counter = 0x00;\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":9,"address":[733120],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":10,"address":[572561],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":15,"address":[772320],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":16,"address":[643845],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":23,"address":[572608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":24,"address":[340040,340240,340118],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":25,"address":[1131372],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":28,"address":[572976],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":29,"address":[772818,773071,772933,772740],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":30,"address":[644296,644820],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":31,"address":[734092,734118],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":42,"address":[340992],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":43,"address":[40312181],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}}],"covered":11,"coverable":13},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","stack.rs"],"content":"#[derive(Clone)]\n#[derive(Default)]\npub struct Chip8Stack {\n    items: Vec\u003cu16\u003e\n}\n\n\nimpl Chip8Stack {\n    pub fn push(\u0026mut self, new_value: \u0026u16) {\n        if self.depth() == 16 {\n           // println!(\"Deep deep stack?\");\n           panic!(\"Stack Overflow\");\n        }\n        self.items.push(*new_value );\n    }\n    pub fn pop(\u0026mut self) -\u003e u16 {\n        if self.items.is_empty() {\n            panic!(\"Stack Underflow\");\n        }\n        self.items.pop().unwrap()\n    }\n    pub fn depth(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        self.items.len() as u16\n    }\n\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Stack {\n            items: vec![]\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.items = vec![]\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":9,"address":[40300976],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":10,"address":[759528],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":12,"address":[1121124],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":14,"address":[3520619],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":16,"address":[559632],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":17,"address":[3520654],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":18,"address":[559719],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":20,"address":[631165],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":22,"address":[40301232],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":23,"address":[631285],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":26,"address":[759776],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":28,"address":[720493],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":32,"address":[759903,759840],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":33,"address":[40301405,40301325],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}}],"covered":14,"coverable":14},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","system_memory.rs"],"content":"use log::{trace};\n\nuse crate::constants::*;\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub struct Chip8SystemMemory {\n    memory: [u8; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize],\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8SystemMemory {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n\n        let mut x = Chip8SystemMemory {\n            memory: [0x00; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize],\n        };\n\n        x.load_fonts_to_memory();\n        x.load_schip_fonts_to_memory();\n        x\n    }\n}\nimpl Chip8SystemMemory {\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self){\n        self.memory = [0x00; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize];\n        self.load_fonts_to_memory();\n        self.load_schip_fonts_to_memory();\n    }\n    \n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8SystemMemory {\n            memory: [0x00; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize],\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn peek(\u0026self, address: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        trace!(\"PEEK: {} / {}\", address, self.memory[address as usize].clone());\n        let effective = address as i32 % CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE;\n        self.memory[effective as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke(\u0026mut self, address: u16, value: u8)  {\n        trace!(\"POKE: {} / {} to {}\", address, self.memory[address as usize], value);\n        self.memory[address as usize] = value;\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_program(\u0026mut self, program_to_load: Box\u003cVec\u003cu8\u003e\u003e) {\n        for load_index in 0..program_to_load.len() {\n            self.poke((load_index + 0x200) as u16, program_to_load[load_index]);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_fonts_to_memory(\u0026mut self) {\n        let all_font_characters = [\n            CHIP8FONT_0,\n            CHIP8FONT_1,\n            CHIP8FONT_2,\n            CHIP8FONT_3,\n            CHIP8FONT_4,\n            CHIP8FONT_5,\n            CHIP8FONT_6,\n            CHIP8FONT_7,\n            CHIP8FONT_8,\n            CHIP8FONT_9,\n            CHIP8FONT_A,\n            CHIP8FONT_B,\n            CHIP8FONT_C,\n            CHIP8FONT_D,\n            CHIP8FONT_E,\n            CHIP8FONT_F,\n        ];\n\n        for (font_index, current_font) in all_font_characters.iter().enumerate() {\n            for font_mem_offset in 0..=4 {\n                let real_offset = font_index * 5 + font_mem_offset;\n                self.poke(real_offset as u16, current_font[font_mem_offset]);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_schip_fonts_to_memory(\u0026mut self) {\n        let all_font_characters = [\n            SCHIPFONT_0, SCHIPFONT_1, SCHIPFONT_2, SCHIPFONT_3,\n            SCHIPFONT_4, SCHIPFONT_5, SCHIPFONT_6, SCHIPFONT_7,\n            SCHIPFONT_8, SCHIPFONT_9, SCHIPFONT_A, SCHIPFONT_B,\n            SCHIPFONT_C, SCHIPFONT_D, SCHIPFONT_E, SCHIPFONT_F\n        ];\n        for (font_index, current_font) in all_font_characters.iter().enumerate() {\n            let base_offset = 0x100;\n            for font_mem_offset in 0..=4 {\n                let real_offset = base_offset + font_index * 0x10 + font_mem_offset;\n                self.poke(real_offset as u16, current_font[font_mem_offset]);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[646816],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":8}},{"line":14,"address":[604860],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":17,"address":[583991],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":18,"address":[584002],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":19,"address":[786610],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":24,"address":[40273920],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":25,"address":[268382],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":26,"address":[268399],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":27,"address":[268409],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":30,"address":[647024],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[1094797],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[647104],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":37,"address":[786898,786812,787178,787026],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":38,"address":[584251,584804,584820],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":41,"address":[40274720],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":42,"address":[787474,787688,787560,787910],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":43,"address":[40275460,40274785,40275440],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":46,"address":[40275488,40275829],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[788230,788297,788415],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[1096497],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[3474400],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":53,"address":[270308],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":72,"address":[1097171,1097001],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":11}},{"line":73,"address":[586557],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":74,"address":[586811,586721],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":75,"address":[662559,662515],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":80,"address":[662608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":81,"address":[3475341],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":87,"address":[790629,790459],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":11}},{"line":88,"address":[607820],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":89,"address":[650991],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":90,"address":[609284,609155],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":91,"address":[40278236,40278280],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":11}}],"covered":28,"coverable":33},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","util.rs"],"content":"pub struct InstructionUtil {}\n\nimpl InstructionUtil {\n    pub fn byte_to_bools(to_convert: u8) -\u003e [bool; 8] {\n        let mut return_values = [false; 8];\n        for i in 0..8 {\n            let new_value = to_convert \u003e\u003e i \u0026 0x1 == 1;\n            return_values[i as usize] = new_value;\n        }\n        return_values\n    }\n\n    pub fn bools_to_byte(to_convert: [bool; 8]) -\u003e u8 {\n        let mut return_value = 0u8;\n        for i in 0..to_convert.len() {\n            let new_bit = 0x1 \u003c\u003c i;\n            if to_convert[i] {\n                return_value |= new_bit\n            }\n        }\n        return_value\n    }\n\n    pub fn split_bytes(to_split: u16) -\u003e (u8, u8) {\n        let high = to_split.rotate_left(8) as u8;\n        let low = (to_split \u0026 0xff) as u8;\n\n        (high, low)\n    }\n\n    pub fn join_bytes(high: u8, low: u8) -\u003e u16 {\n        \n        (high as u16) \u003c\u003c 8 | low as u16\n    }\n\n    // nnn or addr - A 12-bit value, the lowest 12 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_addr_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u16 {\n        instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x0FFF\n    }\n\n    // n or nibble - A 4-bit value, the lowest 4 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_nibble_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n       ( instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x000F )as u8\n    }\n\n    // x - A 4-bit value, the lower 4 bits of the high byte of the instruction\n    pub fn read_x_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x0F00).rotate_right(8) as u8\n    }\n\n    // y - A 4-bit value, the upper 4 bits of the low byte of the instruction\n    pub fn read_y_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x00F0).rotate_right(4) as u8\n    }\n\n    // kk or byte - An 8-bit value, the lowest 8 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_byte_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x00FF) as u8\n    }\n\n    pub fn read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        ((to_read_from \u0026 0x0f00) \u003e\u003e 8) as u8\n    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log::{debug};\nuse crate::chip8::video::Chip8VideoModes::{HighRes, LowRes};\nuse crate::constants::{CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT, CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY, CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT, SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH};\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub enum Chip8VideoModes {\n    LowRes,\n    HighRes,\n}\n\n#[derive(Clone)]\npub struct Chip8Video {\n    memory: Vec\u003cbool\u003e,\n    pub has_frame_changed: bool,\n    current_res: Chip8VideoModes,\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Video {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.cls();\n        self.set_lowres();\n        self.start_frame();\n    }\n\n    pub fn is_highres(\u0026self) -\u003e bool {\n        matches!(self.current_res, HighRes)\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_highres(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.current_res = HighRes;\n        self.cls();\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_lowres(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.current_res = LowRes\n    }\n\n    pub fn get_screen_resolution(\u0026mut self) -\u003e Chip8VideoModes {\n        self.current_res\n    }\n\n    pub fn cls(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.memory.clear();\n        let num_loops = match self.current_res {\n            LowRes =\u003e {\n                CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY\n            }\n            HighRes =\u003e {\n                SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY\n            }\n        };\n        for i in 0..num_loops {\n            self.memory.push(false);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn start_frame(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.has_frame_changed = false;\n    }\n\n    pub fn new(initial_configuration: Box\u003cVec\u003cbool\u003e\u003e) -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            memory: *initial_configuration,\n            has_frame_changed: false,\n            current_res: Chip8VideoModes::LowRes,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn peek(\u0026self, address: u16) -\u003e bool {\n        let loop_value: u16 = if self.is_highres() {\n            SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY as u16\n        } else {\n            CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY as u16\n        };\n        let effective_address = if address \u003e= loop_value {\n            address % loop_value\n        } else { address };\n        self.memory[effective_address as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke(\u0026mut self, address: u16, new_value: bool) {\n        let loop_value: u16 = self.get_memory_size() as u16;\n        // Loop the address\n        let effective_address = address % loop_value;\n\n        let old_value = self.memory[effective_address as usize];\n        let xored_value = new_value ^ old_value;       // XOR of the video\n        // if the frame has already changed we dont care if it changed again.\n        if !self.has_frame_changed \u0026\u0026 old_value != xored_value {\n            self.has_frame_changed = true\n        }\n\n        //     println!(\"VIDEO POKE COMPLETE WITH {effective_address} SET TO {xored_value}\");\n        self.memory[effective_address as usize] = xored_value;\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_byte(\u0026mut self, first_address: u16, to_write: u8) {\n        for i in (0..8).rev() {\n            self.poke(first_address + (7 - i), (to_write \u0026 (1 \u003c\u003c i)) != 0);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_2byte(\u0026mut self, first_address: u16, to_write: [u8; 2]) {\n        for (idx, _) in to_write.iter().enumerate() {\n            for i in (0..8).rev() {\n                self.poke(first_address + (idx * 8) as u16 + (7 - i), (to_write[idx] \u0026 (1 \u003c\u003c i)) != 0);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn format_as_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        println!(\"FORMATTING {width}x{height}\");\n        let mut output = String::new();\n        for row in 0..height {\n            for column in 0..width {\n                let data_offset = row * width + column;\n                debug!(\"Rendering {data_offset} with value {}\", self.memory[data_offset as usize]);\n                if self.memory[data_offset as usize] {\n                    output += \"*\"\n                } else {\n                    output += \" \"\n                }\n            }\n            output += \"\\n\";\n        }\n        output\n    }\n\n    pub fn get_resolution(\u0026self) -\u003e (i32, i32) {\n        if self.is_highres() {\n            (SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n        } else {\n            (CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n        }\n    }\n    fn get_memory_size(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        width * height\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.has_frame_changed = false;\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_right(\u0026mut self) {\n        println!(\"SCROLLRIGHTPRE:::[{}]\", self.format_as_string());\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n\n        for current_row in 0..height {\n            let row_offset: usize = (current_row * width) as usize;\n\n            // Shift pixels to the right by 4 in the current row\n            for current_column in (0..(width - 4)).rev() {\n                let source_address = row_offset + current_column as usize;\n                let target_address = source_address + 4;\n                self.memory[target_address] = self.memory[source_address];\n            }\n\n            // Clear the first 4 pixels in the current row\n            self.memory[row_offset..row_offset + 4].fill(false);\n        }\n        println!(\"SCROLLRIGHTPOST:::[{}]\", self.format_as_string());\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_left(\u0026mut self) {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n\n        for current_row in 0..height {\n            let row_offset = current_row * width;\n            for current_column in 0..width - 4 {\n                let source: usize = (row_offset + current_column) as usize;\n                let target: usize = source + 4;\n                self.memory[target] = self.memory[source];\n            }\n\n            let clear_start: usize = (row_offset + width - 4) as usize;\n            let clear_end: usize = clear_start + 4;\n\n            self.memory[clear_start..clear_end].fill(false);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_up(\u0026mut self, how_far: \u0026u8) {\n        let how_far = *how_far as i32;\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        let row_shift = how_far * width;\n\n        for current_source_row in how_far..height {\n            let current_source_offset = current_source_row * width;\n            for current_source_column in 0..width {\n                let base_offset: usize = (current_source_offset + current_source_column) as usize;\n                let shifted_offset: usize = base_offset - row_shift as usize;\n                self.memory[shifted_offset] = self.memory[base_offset];\n            }\n        }\n\n        // Clear the new bottom rows after shifting\n        let clear_start = ((height - how_far) * width) as usize;\n        self.memory[clear_start..].fill(false);\n    }\n\n\n    pub fn scroll_down(\u0026mut self, how_far: i32) {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        let row_shift = how_far * width;\n\n        let max_source_row = height - how_far;\n        for current_source_row in (0..max_source_row).rev() {\n            let current_source_offset = current_source_row * width;\n            for current_source_column in 0..width {\n                let base_offset: usize = (current_source_offset + current_source_column) as usize;\n                let extended_offset: usize = base_offset + row_shift as usize;\n                self.memory[extended_offset] = self.memory[base_offset];\n            };\n        }\n\n        // Clear the new top rows after shifting\n        let clear_end = (how_far * width) as usize;\n        self.memory[0..clear_end].fill(false);\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8Video {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        let mut mem = vec![];\n        for _ in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY { mem.push(false); }\n        Chip8Video { memory: mem, has_frame_changed: false, current_res: Chip8VideoModes::LowRes }\n    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const CHIP8_REGISTER_COUNT: i32 = 16;\npub const CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE: i32 = 4096i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH: i32 = 64i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT: i32 = 32i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY: usize = (CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT * CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH) as usize;\npub const CHIP8_ROM_SIZE: usize = 512;\n\npub const RESOURCES_ROOT: \u0026str = \"../resources\";\npub const TESTS_ROOT: \u0026str = \"../resources/tests/\";\n\npub const CHIP8_KEYBOARD: [[u8; 4]; 4] = [\n    [0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x0C],\n    [0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x0D],\n    [0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0E],\n    [0x0A, 0x00, 0x0B, 0x0F]\n];\n\npub const SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT: i32 = 64;\npub const SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH: i32 = 128;\npub const SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY: usize = (SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT * SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH) as usize;\n\npub const INST_ADDI: \u0026str = \"ADDI\";\npub const INST_ADD: \u0026str = \"ADD\";\npub const INST_ADDR: \u0026str = \"ADDR\";\npub const INST_AND: \u0026str = \"AND\";\npub const INST_CLS: \u0026str = \"CLS\";\npub const INST_CALL: \u0026str = \"CALL\";\npub const INST_DRW: \u0026str = \"DRW\";\npub const INST_EXIT: \u0026str = \"EXIT\";\npub const INST_JPA: \u0026str = \"JPA\";\npub const INST_JPI: \u0026str = \"JPI\";\npub const INST_JPX: \u0026str = \"JPX\";\npub const INST_BCD: \u0026str = \"BCD\";\npub const INST_LDD: \u0026str = \"LDD\";\npub const INST_LDF: \u0026str = \"LDF\";\npub const INST_LDF2: \u0026str = \"LDF2\";\npub const INST_LDIA: \u0026str = \"LDIA\";\npub const INST_LDIX: \u0026str = \"LDIX\";\npub const INST_LIDR: \u0026str = \"LIDR\";\npub const INST_LDIS: \u0026str = \"LDIS\";\npub const INST_LDR: \u0026str = \"LDR\";\npub const INST_LDRD: \u0026str = \"LDRD\";\npub const INST_LDRI: \u0026str = \"LDRI\";\npub const INST_LDRK: \u0026str = \"LDRK\";\npub const INST_LDRY: \u0026str = \"LDRY\";\npub const INST_OR: \u0026str = \"OR\";\npub const INST_RET: \u0026str = \"RET\";\npub const INST_RND: \u0026str = \"RND\";\npub const INST_SCD: \u0026str = \"SCD\";\npub const INST_SCR: \u0026str = \"SCR\";\npub const INST_SCL: \u0026str = \"SCL\";\npub const INST_SEX: \u0026str = \"SEX\";\npub const INST_SEY: \u0026str = \"SEY\";\npub const INST_SHL: \u0026str = \"SHL\";\npub const INST_SHR: \u0026str = \"SHR\";\npub const INST_SKP: \u0026str = \"SKP\";\npub const INST_SKNP: \u0026str = \"SKNP\";\npub const INST_SNEB: \u0026str = \"SNEB\";\npub const INST_SNEY: \u0026str = \"SNEY\";\npub const INST_STR: \u0026str = \"STR\";\npub const INST_SUB: \u0026str = \"SUB\";\npub const INST_SUBC: \u0026str = \"SUBC\";\npub const INST_SYS: \u0026str = \"SYS\";\npub const INST_LOW: \u0026str = \"LOW\";\npub const INST_HIGH: \u0026str = \"HIGH\";\npub const INST_ORY: \u0026str = \"ORY\";\npub const INST_SCU: \u0026str = \"SCU\";\npub const CHIP8_PROGRAM_LOAD_OFFSET: i32 = 0x200;\npub const CHIP8FONT_0: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_1: [u8; 5] = [0x20, 0x60, 0x20, 0x20, 0x70];\npub const CHIP8FONT_2: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_3: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_4: [u8; 5] = [0x90, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x10, 0x10];\npub const CHIP8FONT_5: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_6: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_7: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x40];\npub const CHIP8FONT_8: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_9: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_A: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x90, 0x90];\npub const CHIP8FONT_B: [u8; 5] = [0xE0, 0x90, 0xE0, 0x90, 0xE0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_C: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0x80, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_D: [u8; 5] = [0xE0, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0xE0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_E: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_F: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x80, 0x80];\n\npub const SCHIPFONT_0: [u8; 0x20] = [\n    0x00, 0x00,\n    0x01, 0x80,\n    0x03, 0xc0,\n    0x06, 0x60,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x06, 0x60,\n    0x03, 0xc0,     // 0b0000001111000000\n    0x01, 0x80,     // 0b0000000110000000\n    0x00, 0x00      // 0b0000000000000000\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_1: [u8; 0x20] = [\n    0x00, 0x00,\n    0x03, 0xc0,\n    0x02, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x03, 0xf0,\n    0x00, 0x00\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_2: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC7, 0xC3, 0xC0, 0xE0,\n    0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C, 0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_3: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC7, 0xC3, 0xC0, 0xE0,\n    0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C, 0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_4: [u8; 0x20] = [0xE0, 0xF0, 0xF8, 0xFC, 0xFE, 0xF7, 0xF3, 0xF1,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC0,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_5: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x3F, 0x7F, 0x7F,\n    0x01, 0x01, 0xC1, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_6: [u8; 0x20] = [0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_7: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xE0, 0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C,\n    0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_8: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0x7E, 0xFE, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_9: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0x7F, 0x03, 0x03, 0xC7, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_A: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_B: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFE, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_C: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0x01, 0x01,\n    0x01, 0x01, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_D: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3,\n    0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C, 0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_E: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_F: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","lib.rs"],"content":"pub mod chip8 {\n    pub mod video;\n    pub mod sound_timer;\n    pub mod delay_timer;\n    pub mod keypad;\n    pub mod computer;\n    pub mod system_memory;\n    pub mod instructions;\n    pub mod cpu_states;\n    pub mod util;\n    pub mod registers;\n\n    pub mod stack;\n    pub  mod computer_manager;\n    pub mod quirk_modes;\n}\n\npub mod constants;","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","tests","computer_tests.rs"],"content":"use gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::constants::CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY;\n\n#[test]\nfn smoke() { assert!(true) }\n\nfn load_result(to_load: \u0026str) -\u003e String {\n    std::fs::read_to_string(format!(\"../resources/test/{}\", to_load)).unwrap()\n}\n\nfn load_rom(to_load: \u0026str) -\u003e Vec\u003cu8\u003e {\n    std::fs::read(format!(\"../resources/roms/{}\", to_load)).unwrap()\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn reset_clears_video() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        x.video_memory.poke(i as u16, i % 2 == 0);\n    }\n\n    x.reset();\n    x.video_memory.reset();\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level1_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let level_1_rom = load_rom(\"1-chip8-logo.ch8\");\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, (\u0026level_1_rom));\n\n    // run for 0x40 cycles\n    while x.num_cycles \u003c 0x40 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_level_1_test.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level2_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // Load the IBM rom and run it.\n    // it takes 39 cycles to get to the end so lets run it 40.\n    let test_rom_to_run = load_rom(\"2-ibm-logo.ch8\");\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, (\u0026test_rom_to_run));\n    for _ in 0..40 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    // ...then verify that the current video memory of the chip-8\n    // simulator matches what we expect it to be\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_ibm_rom_output.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level3_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n     x.load_bytes_to_memory(\n         0x200, (\u0026load_rom(\"3-corax+.ch8\"))\n     );\n    for i in 0..0x180 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_corax_plus.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn rps_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026load_rom(\"RPS.ch8\"));\n    for _ in 0..0xF0 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_rps_stage1.asc\"));\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x01);\n    for _ in 0..0x200 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_rps_stage2.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level4_test() {\n    // flags\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026load_rom(\"4-flags.ch8\"));\n    for _ in 0..0x400 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_flags.asc\"));\n}\n","traces":[{"line":7,"address":[237040],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":8,"address":[237270,237167],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":11,"address":[237488],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":12,"address":[237718,237615],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}}],"covered":4,"coverable":4},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","tests","unit_tests.rs"],"content":"use gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction;\nuse gemma::chip8::delay_timer::DelayTimer;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::JPX;\nuse gemma::chip8::keypad::Keypad;\nuse gemma::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode::{Chip8, SChipModern, XOChip};\nuse gemma::chip8::registers::Chip8Registers;\nuse gemma::chip8::sound_timer::SoundTimer;\nuse gemma::chip8::stack::Chip8Stack;\nuse gemma::chip8::system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory;\nuse gemma::chip8::util::InstructionUtil;\nuse gemma::chip8::video::{Chip8Video, Chip8VideoModes};\nuse gemma::constants::*;\nuse log::debug;\nuse rand::random;\n\nconst TEST_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_DIR: \u0026str = \"../resources/test/\";\n\nfn read_test_result(suffix: \u0026str) -\u003e String {\n    std::fs::read_to_string(TEST_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_DIR.to_owned() + suffix).unwrap()\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn smoke() {\n    assert!(true)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn decoder_test_invalid_instructions() {\n    let invalid_to_encode = [\n        0x5ab1, 0x5abf, 0x8ab8, 0x8abd, 0x8abf, 0x9ab1, 0x9abf, 0xea9d, 0xea9f, 0xeaa0, 0xeaa2,\n        0xf006, 0xf008,\n    ];\n\n    for i in invalid_to_encode {\n        assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(i, \u0026Chip8).encode(), 0xffff);\n        assert!(matches!(\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(i, \u0026Chip8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n        ));\n    }\n}\n\n/// START OF THE EXECUTION TESTS\n#[test]\nfn instruction_tests() {\n    // 0x0nnn Exit to System Call\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0xFA0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xFA0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x0AF).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x0AF);\n\n    // 0x1nnn Jump to Address\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0xABC).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xABC);\n\n    // 0x6xkk Set Vx = kk\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(1, 0x12).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0x12);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(2, 0x21).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(2), 0x21);\n\n    // 0x3xkk Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n    // The interpreter compares register Vx to kk,\n    // and if they are equal, increments the program counter by 2.\n\n    // test setup: Load value 0x84 into V1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x84);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(1, 0x48).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x84);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(1, 0x84).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    // 0x4xkk Skip next instruction if Vx != kk\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x84);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x84);\n    // skip, compare 0x84 to 0x84\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x84);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x48);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    // 0x8xy0 Set value of Vy in Vx\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x02);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0x02);\n\n    // 0x8xy1 Set Vx = Vx OR Vy\n    //   0b0101 0000 (0x50)\n    // | 0b0000 1010 (0x0A)\n    //   0b0101 1010 (0x5A)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b01010000);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b00001010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b01011010);\n\n    // 0x8xy2 Set Vx = Vx AND Vy\n    //   0b1111 1100 (0xFC)\n    // \u0026 0b1100 1010 (0xCA)\n    //   0b1100 1000 (0xC8)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xFC);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0xCA);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0xC8);\n\n    // 0x8xy3 Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy\n    //   0b1111 1100 (0xFC)\n    // ^ 0b1100 1010 (0xCA)\n    //   0b0011 0110 (0x36)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b11111100);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b11001010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00110110);\n\n    // 0x8xy4 Set Vx = Vx + Vy (SET VF on Carry)\n    //    T1             T2: Judgement Test\n    //   0x01           0xFF\n    // + 0x01           0x01\n    //   0x02 F0        0x00 F1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x00);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x02);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xff);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0);\n\n    /*\n    Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n\n    If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n    */\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b00001000);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b00000000);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x); // 0b0000 0010 (0x02) (Not Set)\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00000100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0);\n\n    x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b00001001);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00000100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x123).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 0x123);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn jp_v0addr_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    /// jump to I + nnn\n    x.registers.poke(0x0, 0xff);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x100).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x1FF);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn cls_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.peek(i as u16));\n    }\n    // draw some thing to the video memory\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x01, true);\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x03, true);\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x05, true);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS.execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn skip_next_instruction_ne_text() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x1, 0x0f).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x1, 0xf0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn addivx_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke_i(0xabc);\n    x.registers.poke(0x0, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0x0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 0xacc);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ldstvt_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(0x01).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.sound_timer.current(), 0xf0);\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    assert_eq!(x.sound_timer.current(), 0xed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn rnd_vx_byte_text() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x1, 0x0f).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    let new_value = x.registers.peek(0x1);\n    assert!(new_value \u003c 0x10);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn add_vx_byte_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // set a value in the register\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xab);\n    // add 0x10 to register\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x1, 0x10).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0xbb);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sub_vx_vy_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // load values in 2 registers\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x08);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0x8);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sne_vx_vy_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x00);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ld_dt_vx_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0x10);\n    for i in 0..0x20 {\n        x.delay_timer.tick();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ld_vx_dt_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0xed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn subn_vx_vy_test() {\n    // This instruction subtracts the value in\n    // register Vx from the value in register Vy and stores the result in register Vx.\n    // The subtraction is performed as follows: Vx = Vy - Vx. If Vy is less than Vx,\n    // the result will wrap around (due to the 8-bit nature of the registers).\n    // The carry flag (VF) is set to 1 if there is no borrow (i.e., Vy is greater\n    // than or equal to Vx), and it is set to 0 if there is a borrow.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xa0);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0xab);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // expect the result to be 0x0b\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0x0b);\n    // expect the vf register to be set to 1 as there was overflow\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x1);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xab);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0xa0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // expect the result to be 11110101, -0xB, -11, 245, 0xF5\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0xf5);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x0);\n\n    // 8xyE - SHL Vx {, Vy}\n    // Set Vx = Vx SHL 1.\n    //\n    // If the most-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise to 0. Then Vx is multiplied by 2.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0b00100000);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x1, 0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0b01000000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0b10101010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x1, 0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0b01010100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x1);\n\n    // Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n    // Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n    //\n    // The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite corresponding to the value of Vx. See section 2.4, Display, for more information on the Chip-8 hexadecimal font.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // target_sprite = 2\n    // target_offset = 0x5\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x2);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 10);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x06);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 30);\n\n    // Fx33 - LD B, Vx\n    // Store BCD representation of Vx in memory locations I, I+1, and I+2.\n    //\n    // The interpreter takes the decimal value of Vx, and places the hundreds digit\n    // in memory at location in I, the tens digit at location I+1,\n    // and the ones digit at location I+2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    // load the value 123 (0x7b)\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x7b);\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x500), 0x1);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x501), 0x2);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x502), 0x3);\n\n    // Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n    //\n    // The interpreter copies the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n    // starting at the address in I.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    // Load Registers.\n    let to_load = [0xab, 0xba, 0xca, 0xca, 0xbe, 0xef];\n    for (idx, val) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        x.registers.poke(idx as u8, *val);\n    }\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(to_load.len() as u8).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // Verify the values are in memory from 0x500 to 0x507\n    for (idx, value) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x500 + idx as u16), *value);\n    }\n\n    // Read registers V0 through Vx from memory starting at location I.\n    //\n    // The interpreter reads values from memory starting at location I into registers V0 through Vx.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    let base_offset = 0x500;\n    let to_load = [0xab, 0xba, 0xca, 0xca, 0xbe, 0xef];\n\n    // start by setting values in memory\n    for (idx, memory) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        let target_address = base_offset + idx;\n        let target_value = *memory;\n        x.memory.poke(target_address as u16, target_value);\n    }\n    // where to load from\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n    // how much to load\n    x.registers.poke(0x6, to_load.len() as u8);\n\n    // then copying them values memory to registers\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x6).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // now check that we have the right values in our registers\n    for (idx, value) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(idx as u8), *value);\n    }\n\n    // ExA1 - SKNP Vx\n    // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n    //\n    // Checks the keyboard,\n    // and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the up position,\n    // PC is increased by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x5);\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n    x.keypad.release_key(0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x206);\n\n    // Ex9E - SKP Vx\n    // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n    //\n    // Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x5);\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    x.keypad.release_key(0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x206);\n}\n\nfn draw_nibble_vx_vy_n_test_hd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    let x_register = 0x01;\n    let x_offset = 0x03;\n    let y_register = 0x02;\n    let y_offset = 0x04;\n    let char_offset = 0x100;\n    x.registers.poke(x_register, x_offset);\n    x.registers.poke(y_register, y_offset);\n    x.video_memory.set_highres();\n    x.registers.poke_i(char_offset);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, 0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    println!(\"[[{}]]\", x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"\"), x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn draw_nibble_vx_vy_n_test_sd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let x_register = 0x1;\n    let y_register = 0x2;\n    let x_offset = 1;\n    let y_offset = 2;\n    let char_offset = 0x0A;\n\n    // now lets set the X and Y to 1,2\n    x.registers.poke(x_register, x_offset);\n    x.registers.poke(y_register, y_offset);\n    x.registers.poke_i(char_offset);\n    // we are using 5 rows.\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, 5).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // now check that video memory has the values at\n    // 1,2-\u003e1,9\n    // 2,2-\u003e2,9\n    // 3,2-\u003e3,9\n    // 4,2-\u003e4,9\n    // 5,2-\u003e5,9\n    //  let byte_to_check = CHIP8FONT_0[0];\n    for row_in_sprite in 0..5 {\n        let row_data = CHIP8FONT_2[row_in_sprite];\n        for bit_in_byte in 0..8 {\n            let data_offset =\n                (x_offset as u16 + row_in_sprite as u16) * 64 + (bit_in_byte + y_offset) as u16;\n            let real_bit_in_byte = 7 - bit_in_byte;\n            let shifted_one = 0x01 \u003c\u003c real_bit_in_byte;\n            let one_shift_set = (shifted_one \u0026 row_data) \u003e 0;\n            debug!(\"ROWDATA = \\t\\t[{row_data:08b}]\\tBIT IN BYTE = \\t[{bit_in_byte}]\\tONE_SHIFT_SET = [{one_shift_set}]\\tSHIFTED ONE = [{shifted_one:08b}]\");\n            debug!(\"DATA_OFFSET FOR SOURCE DATA {}x{} is {} / offset by {}x{} and should be {} working with byte {:08b}\",\n                         bit_in_byte, row_in_sprite, data_offset, x_offset, y_offset, one_shift_set, row_data);\n        }\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sub_test() {\n    // 2nnn\n    // Call a subroutine at 2nnn\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x124).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x124);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 1);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x564).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x564);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 2);\n\n    // SETUP\n    // Return from a subroutine.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.stack.push(\u00260x132);\n    x.stack.push(\u00260xabc);\n    // EXECUTE\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RET.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // VERIFY\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xabc);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 1);\n    // EXECUTE\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RET.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // VERIFY\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x132);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ldvxk_test() {\n    // SETUP\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert!(matches!(\n        x.state,\n        gemma::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey\n    ));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn series8xy4_corex_tests() {\n    /// 8xy4\n    /// Set Vx = Vx + Vy\n    /// Set VF=1 if Carry\n    ///\n    // 1 + 1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x02);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    // 255+1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xff);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x00);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n\n    // 128+192\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 128);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 192);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 64);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 1);\n\n    // 8xy6 - SHR Vx {, Vy}\n    // Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n    //\n    // If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1,\n    // otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // 0b10101010 -\u003e 0b01010101\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b10101010);\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x0);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01010100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 1);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b10101000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01010000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b10100000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01000000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn random_produces_different_numbers() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x00);\n    let first_number = Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x01, 0xff)\n        .execute(\u0026mut x)\n        .registers\n        .peek(0x01);\n    let second_number = Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x01, 0xff)\n        .execute(\u0026mut x)\n        .registers\n        .peek(0x01);\n    assert_ne!(first_number, second_number);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn delay_timer_ticks_reduce_time() {\n    let mut st = DelayTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(100);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 97);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn delay_timer_out_of_ticks_works() {\n    let mut st = DelayTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(0);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn keypad_keys_check() {\n    let mut k = Keypad::new();\n\n    for i in 0..16 {\n        assert!(!k.key_state(i));\n    }\n\n    // press a key\n    k.push_key(1);\n    k.push_key(2);\n    assert!(k.pressed(1));\n    assert!(k.pressed(2));\n    k.release_key(1);\n    assert!(k.released(1));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn keypad_string_format_test() {\n    let k = Keypad::new();\n\n    assert_eq!(\n        k.format_as_string(),\n        read_test_result(\"gemma_keypad_string_result.asc\")\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn register_rw_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.poke(0x0, 0xff);\n    x.poke(0x1, 0xab);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek(0x0), 0xff);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek(0x1), 0xab);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn pc_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.set_pc(0x300);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek_pc(), 0x300);\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn invalid_register() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.poke(0x10, 0xff);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn format_as_string_looks_right() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    for i in 0..0x10 {\n        x.registers[i] = i as u8;\n    }\n    x.pc = 0xabc;\n    x.i_register = 0xcab;\n    let result_string = x.format_as_string();\n    assert_eq!(result_string, String::from(\"Vx: 0x00 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x04 0x05 0x06 0x07\\n    0x08 0x09 0x0a 0x0b 0x0c 0x0d 0x0e 0x0f\\nI: 0x0cab\\tPC: 0x0abc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn reset_clears_registers() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n\n    for register in 0..0x10 {\n        x.poke(register, random::\u003cu8\u003e());\n    }\n    x.reset();\n    for register in 0..0x10 {\n        assert_eq!(x.peek(register), 0x00);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sound_timer_ticks_reduce_time() {\n    let mut st = SoundTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(100);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 97);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sound_timer_out_of_ticks_works() {\n    let mut st = SoundTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(0);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn stack_push_pop_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n\n    // lets see if we can push and pop a bunch\n    x.push(\u00260xabcu16);\n    x.push(\u00260xcdeu16);\n    x.pop();\n    assert_eq!(x.depth(), 1);\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn stack_overflow_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    for i in 0..17 {\n        x.push(\u0026i);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn stack_underflow_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    x.pop();\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn stack_lots_of_subs() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    let stack_contents = [\n        0x123, 0x321, 0xabc, 0xdef, 0xbad, 0xbef, 0xfed, 0xcab, 0xbed, 0xcad, 0xfeb, 0xcab, 0xfff,\n        0x000, 0x001,\n    ];\n    for i in stack_contents {\n        x.push(\u0026i);\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.depth(), 15);\n\n    // up to 50 random loops\n    let num_loops: u8 = random::\u003cu8\u003e() % 50;\n    for i in 0..num_loops {\n        let start_count = x.depth();\n        let num_pop = random::\u003cu8\u003e() % x.depth() as u8;\n        for current_pop in 0..num_pop {\n            x.pop();\n        }\n\n        let post_pop_count = x.depth();\n        assert_eq!(post_pop_count as u8, start_count as u8 - num_pop);\n        for current_push in 0..num_pop {\n            x.push(\u0026stack_contents[(current_push + post_pop_count as u8) as usize]);\n        }\n        assert_eq!(x.depth(), 15);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_split_bytes() {\n    // from 0xABCD we should have AB high, CD low\n    let (low, high) = InstructionUtil::split_bytes(0xabcd);\n    assert_eq!(low, 0xAB);\n    assert_eq!(high, 0xCD);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_join_bytes() {\n    // from 0xAB low and 0xCD high we get 0xABCD\n    let merged = InstructionUtil::join_bytes(0xcd, 0xab);\n    assert_eq!(merged, 0xcdab);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_read_from_instruction() {\n    // from 0xABCD\n    let source = 0xABCD;\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_addr_from_instruction(source), 0xBCD);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_nibble_from_instruction(source), 0xD);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_x_from_instruction(source), 0xB);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_y_from_instruction(source), 0xC);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_byte_from_instruction(source), 0xCD);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_ubln() {\n    // from 0xABCD we should see B\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0xABCD), 0xB);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0x0123), 0x1);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0x0000), 0x0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_byte_to_bool_changes() {\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b00000000),\n        [false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false]\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11111111),\n        [true, true, true, true, true, true, true, true]\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11001100),\n        [false, false, true, true, false, false, true, true]\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11110000),\n        [false, false, false, false, true, true, true, true]\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false]),\n        0b00000000\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([true, true, true, true, true, true, true, true]),\n        0b11111111\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, true, true, false, false, true, true]),\n        0b11001100\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, false, false, true, true, true, true]),\n        0b11110000\n    );\n}\n\nfn real_build_checkboard(in_hd: bool) -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    let mut r = Chip8Video::default();\n    let (width, height) = if in_hd {\n        r.set_highres();\n        (SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n    } else {\n        (CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n    };\n\n    println!(\"BUILDING BOARD WITH SIZE OF {width}x{height}\");\n\n    for row in 0..height {\n        let data_offset = row * width;\n\n        for col in 0..width {\n            // XOR row and column indices to alternate in a checkerboard pattern\n            let to_poke = (row % 2) ^ (col % 2) == 1;\n            let local_offset: u16 = (data_offset + col) as u16;\n\n            r.poke(local_offset, to_poke);\n        }\n    }\n    r\n}\n\nfn build_checkboard_hd() -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    real_build_checkboard(true)\n}\n\nfn build_checkerboard() -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    real_build_checkboard(false)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_default_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.clone().peek(i as u16));\n        // then flip the value and test again.\n        x.poke(i as u16, true);\n        assert!(x.clone().peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_set_initial_memory_sd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    // let mut initial_memory = [false; CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY];\n    let mut ws = String::new();\n    // set our checkerboard\n    for cbr in 0..32 {\n        for cbc in 0..64 {\n            let dof = cbr * 64 + cbc;\n            if (dof as i32 % 2) == 0 {\n                x.poke(dof, true);\n                ws += \"*\";\n            } else {\n                ws += \" \";\n            }\n        }\n        ws += \"\\n\";\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.format_as_string(), ws);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_byte_test() {\n    let to_poke = 0b11001111;\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x05, to_poke);\n    let mut expected = String::new();\n    expected = \"     **  ****                                                   \\n\".to_string();\n    for i in 0..31 {\n        expected += \u0026*(\" \".repeat(64) + \"\\n\");\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.format_as_string(), expected);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_2byte_test() {\n    let to_poke: [u8; 2] = [0b11001111, 0b00111100];\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_2byte(0x00, to_poke);\n\n    let mut expected = String::new();\n    expected = \"**  ****  ****  \".to_string() + \u0026*\" \".repeat(64 - 16).to_string() + \"\\n\";\n    for i in 0..31 {\n        expected += \u0026*((*\" \".repeat(64)).to_string() + \"\\n\");\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(expected, x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_multirow_2_byte_sprite() {\n    // take 2 rows of 16bits and write them to memory\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_cls_stddef() {\n    let width = 64;\n    let height = 32;\n    let initial_memory = vec![];\n    let mut ws = String::new();\n    let mut set_x = Chip8Video::new(initial_memory.into());\n    for cbr in 0..32 {\n        ws += \u0026*\" \".repeat(width);\n        ws += \"\\n\";\n    }\n    set_x.cls();\n\n    assert_eq!(set_x.format_as_string(), ws);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_byte_test_2() {\n    let to_poke = 0b10101010;\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    v.poke_byte(0x00, to_poke);\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x00));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x01));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x02));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x03));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x04));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x05));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x06));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x07));\n    for i in 0x8..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_multi_line_test() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    let to_poke = [0b00000000, 0b11111111, 0b10101010, 0b01010101];\n\n    for (byte_in_set, byte_to_poke) in to_poke.iter().enumerate() {\n        let base_offset = byte_in_set * 64;\n        v.poke_byte(base_offset as u16, *byte_to_poke);\n    }\n\n    // row 2 column 1\n    {\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x40));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x41));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x42));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x43));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x44));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x45));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x46));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x47));\n\n        // row 3 column 1\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC0));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC1));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC2));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC3));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC4));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC5));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC6));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC7));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_moved_poke_test() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    let to_poke = [0b00000000, 0b11111111, 0b10101010, 0b01010101];\n\n    let x_offset = 20;\n    let y_offset = 5;\n\n    for (byte_in_set, byte_to_poke) in to_poke.iter().enumerate() {\n        let base_offset = (x_offset + byte_in_set) * 64 + y_offset;\n        v.poke_byte(base_offset as u16, *byte_to_poke);\n    }\n\n    let test_offset = (x_offset * 64 + y_offset) as u16;\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 1));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 2));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 3));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 4));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 5));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 6));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 7));\n\n    let test_offset = test_offset + 0x40;\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 1));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 2));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 3));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 4));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 5));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 6));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 7));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_verify_change_registered() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    v.poke(0x01, true);\n    v.poke(0x01, true);\n    assert!(v.has_frame_changed);\n\n    v.start_frame();\n    assert!(!v.has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_write_checkboard() {\n    let v = build_checkerboard();\n    assert_eq!(\n        v.clone().format_as_string(),\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_write_checkerboard.asc\")\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_zero_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    for (byte_index, data_offset) in (0..=0x100).step_by(0x40).enumerate() {\n        x.poke_byte(data_offset as u16, CHIP8FONT_0[byte_index]);\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_zero.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_multi_sprite_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    // draw a row of digits 01234567\n    let to_draw = [\n        CHIP8FONT_0,\n        CHIP8FONT_1,\n        CHIP8FONT_2,\n        CHIP8FONT_3,\n        CHIP8FONT_4,\n        CHIP8FONT_5,\n        CHIP8FONT_6,\n        CHIP8FONT_7,\n    ];\n    for (index, sprite) in to_draw.iter().enumerate() {\n        let data_base_offset = index * 0x8;\n        for (index, offset) in (0..=0x100).step_by(0x40).enumerate() {\n            x.poke_byte((data_base_offset + offset) as u16, sprite[index]);\n        }\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_multi_sprite.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_reset_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.reset();\n    assert_eq!(\n        x.format_as_string(),\n        read_test_result(\"test_reset_clears_video.asc\")\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_collision_test() {\n    // Setup: Set 0xFF to 0x00 with a new frame ready\n    // Action: Run Poke to the same area\n    // Test: Verify the 'changed' flag is tripped\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0xff);\n    x.tick();\n    // set the cell thats already set...\n    x.poke(0x00, true);\n    // it becomes unset and theres a frame changed\n    assert!(!x.peek(0x00));\n\n    assert!(x.clone().has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_collision_test2() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0b11110000);\n    assert!(x.has_frame_changed);\n    x.tick();\n    assert!(!x.has_frame_changed);\n    // clear the 'has changed' flag\n\n    // now set a no-collision value\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0b00001111);\n    assert!(x.has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_peek_out_of_bounds_doesnt_panic() {\n    let x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    let y = x.clone().peek(2049);\n    let y = x.clone().peek(0);\n\n    // if we got here we didn't panic\n    assert!(true);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_1_row_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_down(1);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_1.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_10_row_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_down(10);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_10.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_high_res_has_right_resolution() {\n    let x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    println!(\"[{}]\", x.format_as_string());\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_highdef.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_1_row_test_schip() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_down(1);\n\n    println!(\"[{}]\", x.format_as_string());\n    println!(\"[{}]\", read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_1_hd.asc\"));\n\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_1_hd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_10_row_test_schip() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_down(10);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_10_hd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_left_4_row_test_std_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_left();\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_left_4_row_test_high_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_left();\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4_hd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_right_4_row_test_std_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_right();\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_right_4_row_test_high_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_right();\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4_hd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instructions_operands_tests() {\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x000).operands(), \"0x0000\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x123).operands(), \"0x0123\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0x234).operands(), \"0x0234\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x345).operands(), \"0x0345\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x456).operands(), \"0x0456\");\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_ena_dis_tests() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    for quirk in [SChipModern, XOChip] {\n        x.quirk_mode = quirk;\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.is_highres());\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH.execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert!(x.video_memory.is_highres());\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH.execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert!(x.video_memory.is_highres());\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::LOW.execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.is_highres());\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_test_scrolling_lowres() {\n    for quirk in [SChipModern, XOChip] {\n        let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n        x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n        x.quirk_mode = quirk.clone();\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR.execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert_eq!(\n            read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4.asc\"),\n            x.dump_video_to_string()\n        );\n\n        x = Chip8Computer::new();\n        x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n        x.quirk_mode = quirk.clone();\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL.execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n        assert_eq!(\n            read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4.asc\"),\n            x.dump_video_to_string()\n        );\n\n        x = Chip8Computer::new();\n        x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n        x.quirk_mode = quirk.clone();\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(0x01).execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert_eq!(\n            read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_1.asc\"),\n            x.dump_video_to_string()\n        );\n\n        x = Chip8Computer::new();\n        x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n        x.quirk_mode = quirk.clone();\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(0xA).execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert_eq!(\n            read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_10.asc\"),\n            x.dump_video_to_string()\n        );\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn computer_dump_keypad_to_string() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x1);\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x2);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_keypad_to_string.asc\"),\n        x.dump_keypad_to_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn computer_dump_registers_to_string() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let values_to_set = [\n        0x0b, 0xad, 0xbe, 0xef, 0xca, 0xb0, 0x7a, 0xc0, 0xca, 0x70, 0xba, 0xdb, 0xed, 0x00, 0x00,\n        0x00,\n    ];\n    let expected_value = \"Vx: 0x0b 0xad 0xbe 0xef 0xca 0xb0 0x7a 0xc0\\n    0xca 0x70 0xba 0xdb 0xed 0x00 0x00 0x00\\nI: 0x0000\\tPC: 0x0200\";\n\n    for i in 0..16 {\n        x.registers.poke(i, values_to_set[i as usize]);\n    }\n\n    // now verify.\n    assert_eq!(expected_value, x.dump_registers_to_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_up_tests_sd() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    let distance = 1u8;\n    x.scroll_up(\u0026distance);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_up_test_sd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_up_tests_hd() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    let distance = 1u8;\n    x.scroll_up(\u0026distance);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_up_test_hd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_resolution_changing() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    x.set_highres();\n    assert_eq!(x.get_resolution(), (SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT));\n    assert!(matches!(\n        x.get_screen_resolution(),\n        Chip8VideoModes::HighRes\n    ));\n    x.set_lowres();\n    assert_eq!(x.get_resolution(), (CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT));\n    assert!(matches!(x.get_screen_resolution(), Chip8VideoModes::LowRes));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn delay_timer_default() {\n    let t = DelayTimer::default();\n    assert_eq!(t.current(), 0xff);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_jpx() {\n    // JPX -\u003e 0xBXnn\n    // Jump to Xnn+Vx\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // set X1 to 4...\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x04);\n    // ...use (x1)+0x134\n    let to_execute = JPX(0x01, 0x34);\n    // expect to set PC to 0x834\n    to_execute.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 0x834);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_ldrd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.state = WaitingForInstruction;\n    x.delay_timer.set_timer(0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x01).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x01);\n    x.delay_timer.set_timer(0xff);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x00), 0xff);\n    x.step_system();\n    x.step_system();\n    x.step_system();\n    x.step_system();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0), 0xfb);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_hires_loop_check() {\n    let max_address = SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY;\n    let x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.peek((max_address + 1) as u16);\n    // if we got here we didn't explode!\n    assert!(true);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sound_timer_default() {\n    let x = SoundTimer::default();\n    assert_eq!(x.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn system_memory_new() {\n    let x = Chip8SystemMemory::new();\n    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gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::*;\nuse gemma::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode::{Chip8, SChipModern, XOChip};\nuse gemma::constants::*;\n\n#[derive(Clone)]\nstruct InstructionTestQuirks {\n    chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions,\n    schip: Chip8CpuInstructions,\n    xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions,\n}\n\n#[derive(Clone)]\nstruct InstructionTest {\n    name: String,\n    instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions,\n    operands: String,\n    asm: String,\n    encoded: u16,\n    quirks: InstructionTestQuirks,\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instructions_encode_decode_tests_with_quirks() {\n    let it = vec![\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SYS.to_string(),\n            instruction: SYS(0x123),\n            operands: \"0x0123\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SYS 0x0123\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x0123,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SYS(0x123),\n                schip: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                xochip: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_CLS.to_string(),\n            instruction: CLS,\n            asm: \"CLS\".to_string(),\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00E0,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: CLS,\n                schip: CLS,\n                xochip: CLS,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_RET.to_string(),\n            instruction: RET,\n            asm: \"RET\".to_string(),\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00ee,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: RET,\n                schip: RET,\n                xochip: RET,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPX.to_string(),\n            instruction: JPX(0x1, 0xab),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0x01ab\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"JPX 0x01, 0x01ab\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xb1ab,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: JPX(0x1, 0xab),\n                xochip: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_CALL.to_string(),\n            instruction: CALL(0x123),\n            asm: \"CALL 0x0123\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x2123,\n            operands: \"0x0123\".to_string(),\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: CALL(0x123),\n                schip: CALL(0x123),\n                xochip: CALL(0x123),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_DRW.to_string(),\n            instruction: DRW(0x01, 0x02, 0x03),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0x02, 0x03\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"DRW 0x01, 0x02, 0x03\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xd123,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: DRW(0x1, 0x2, 0x3),\n                schip: DRW(0x1, 0x2, 0x3),\n                xochip: DRW(0x1, 0x2, 0x3),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPI.to_string(),\n            instruction: JPI(0x321),\n            operands: \"0x0321\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"JPI 0x0321\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xb321,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: JPI(0x321),\n                schip: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                xochip: JPI(0x321),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SCD.to_string(),\n            instruction: SCD(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SCD 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00c1,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: SCD(0x1),\n                xochip: SCD(0x1),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SCR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SCR\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FB,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: SCR,\n                xochip: SCR,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SCL.to_string(),\n            instruction: SCL,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SCL\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FC,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: SCL,\n                xochip: SCL,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_EXIT.to_string(),\n            instruction: EXIT,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"EXIT\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FD,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: EXIT,\n                xochip: EXIT,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LOW.to_string(),\n            instruction: LOW,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LOW\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FE,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: LOW,\n                xochip: LOW,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_HIGH.to_string(),\n            instruction: HIGH,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"HIGH\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FF,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: HIGH,\n                xochip: HIGH,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SEX.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x01, 0xfa),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xfa\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SEX 0x01, 0xfa\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x31fa,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x1, 0xfa),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x1, 0xfa),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x1, 0xfa),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SNEB.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x01, 0xab),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SNEB 0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x41ab,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SNEB(0x01, 0xab),\n                schip: SNEB(0x01, 0xab),\n                xochip: SNEB(0x01, 0xab),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SEY.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SEY 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x5120,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SEY(0x1, 0x2),\n                schip: SEY(0x1, 0x2),\n                xochip: SEY(0x1, 0x2),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDR.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDR(0xa, 0xbe),\n            operands: \"0x0a, 0xbe\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDR 0x0a, 0xbe\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x6abe,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDR(0xa, 0xbe),\n                schip: LDR(0xa, 0xbe),\n                xochip: LDR(0xa, 0xbe),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADD.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x01, 0xab),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ADD 0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x71ab,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: ADD(0x01, 0xab),\n                schip: ADD(0x01, 0xab),\n                xochip: ADD(0x01, 0xab),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRK.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x6),\n            operands: \"0x06\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRK 0x06\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF60A,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x6),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x6),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x6),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADDI.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0x02),\n            operands: \"0x02\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ADDI 0x02\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF21E,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: ADDI(0x02),\n                schip: ADDI(0x02),\n                xochip: ADDI(0x02),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADD.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x02, 0x12),\n            operands: \"0x02, 0x12\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ADD 0x02, 0x12\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x7212,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: ADD(0x02, 0x12),\n                schip: ADD(0x02, 0x12),\n                xochip: ADD(0x02, 0x12),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SCU.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SCU(0x04),\n            operands: \"0x04\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SCU 0x04\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00D4,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                xochip: SCU(0x04),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADDR.to_string(),\n            instruction: ADDR(0x01, 0x02),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ADDR 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8124,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: ADDR(0x01, 0x02),\n                schip: ADDR(0x01, 0x02),\n                xochip: ADDR(0x01, 0x02),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_AND.to_string(),\n            instruction: AND(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"AND 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8122,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: AND(0x1, 0x2),\n                schip: AND(0x1, 0x2),\n                xochip: AND(0x1, 0x2),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPA.to_string(),\n            instruction: JPA(0x345),\n            operands: \"0x0345\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"JPA 0x0345\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x1345,\n\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: JPA(0x345),\n                schip: JPA(0x345),\n                xochip: JPA(0x345),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_BCD.to_string(),\n            instruction: BCD(0xc),\n            operands: \"0x0c\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"BCD 0x0c\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xfc33,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: BCD(0xcd),\n                schip: BCD(0xcd),\n                xochip: BCD(0xcd),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDD.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDD(0xfc),\n            operands: \"0xfc\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDD 0xfc\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xfc15,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDD(0xfc),\n                schip: LDD(0xfc),\n                xochip: LDD(0xfc),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ORY.to_string(),\n            instruction: ORY(0x01, 0x3),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x3\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ORY 0x1, 0x3\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8133,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: ORY(0x01, 0x3),\n                schip: ORY(0x01, 0x3),\n                xochip: ORY(0x01, 0x3),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SUBC.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SUBC 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8127,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SUB.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SUB 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8125,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x2),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x2),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x2),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_STR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(0x06),\n            operands: \"0x06\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"STR 0x06\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf675,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(0x06),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(0x06),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_OR.to_string(),\n            instruction: OR(0x01, 0x02),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"OR 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8121,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: OR(0x01, 0x02),\n                schip: OR(0x01, 0x02),\n                xochip: OR(0x01, 0x02),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SHR.to_string(),\n            instruction: SHR(0x04, 0x4),\n            operands: \"0x4, 0x4\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SHR 0x4, 0x4\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8446,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SHR(0x04, 0x4),\n                schip: SHR(0x04, 0x4),\n                xochip: SHR(0x04, 0x4),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SHL.to_string(),\n            instruction: SHL(0x04, 0x4),\n            operands: \"0x4, 0x4\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SHL 0x4, 0x4\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x844e,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SHL(0x04, 0x4),\n                schip: SHL(0x04, 0x4),\n                xochip: SHL(0x04, 0x4),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_RND.to_string(),\n            instruction: RND(0x01, 0xff),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xff\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"RND 0x01, 0xff\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xc1ff,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: RND(0x01, 0xff),\n                schip: RND(0x01, 0xff),\n                xochip: RND(0x01, 0xff),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRY.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDRY(0x01, 0x02),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRY 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8120,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDRY(0x01, 0x02),\n                schip: LDRY(0x01, 0x02),\n                xochip: LDRY(0x01, 0x02),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDIS.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDIS(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDIS 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf118,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDIS(0x01),\n                schip: LDIS(0x01),\n                xochip: LDIS(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LIDR.to_string(),\n            instruction: LIDR(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LIDR 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf185,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: LIDR(0x01),\n                xochip: LIDR(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDF2.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDF2(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDF2 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf130,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: LDF2(0x01),\n                xochip: LDF2(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDF.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDFX(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDF 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf129,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDFX(0x01),\n                schip: LDFX(0x01),\n                xochip: LDFX(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDIA.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDIA(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x0001\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDIA 0x0001\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xa001,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDIA(0x01),\n                schip: LDIA(0x01),\n                xochip: LDIA(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDIX.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDIX(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDIX 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf155,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDIX(0x01),\n                schip: LDIX(0x01),\n                xochip: LDIX(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRD.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRD 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf107,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x01),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x01),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRI.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRI 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf165,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x01),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x01),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SKP.to_string(),\n            instruction: SKP(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SKP 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xe19e,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SKP(0x01),\n                schip: SKP(0x01),\n                xochip: SKP(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SNEY.to_string(),\n            instruction: SNEY(0x01, 0x1),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x1\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SNEY 0x1, 0x1\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x9110,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SNEY(0x01, 0x1),\n                schip: SNEY(0x01, 0x1),\n                xochip: SNEY(0x01, 0x1),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SKNP.to_string(),\n            instruction: SKNP(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SKNP 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xe1a1,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SKNP(0x01),\n                schip: SKNP(0x01),\n                xochip: SKNP(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n    ];\n\n    for current in it {\n        let instruction = current.clone().instruction;\n        let asm = Chip8CpuInstructions::from_str(\u0026current.asm);\n        let as_chip8 = Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(current.encoded, \u0026Chip8);\n        let quirks_chip8 = current.quirks.chip8;\n        let as_schip = Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(current.encoded, \u0026SChipModern);\n        let quirks_schip = current.quirks.schip;\n        let as_xochip = Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(current.encoded, \u0026XOChip);\n        let quirks_xochip = current.quirks.xochip;\n\n        // ** CONVERSION **\n        // -\u003e Integer to Instruction\n        assert!(matches!(\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(current.encoded, \u0026Chip8),\n            i\n        ));\n        // -\u003e Instruction to Integer\n        println!(\n            \"TESTING INSTRUCTION TO INTEGER FOR {:?} / {:04x} {:04x}\",\n            current.instruction,\n            current.encoded,\n            instruction.encode()\n        );\n        assert_eq!(current.encoded, instruction.encode());\n        // -\u003e Instruction to String\n        assert_eq!(instruction.to_string(), current.asm);\n        assert_eq!(instruction.operands(), current.operands);\n        assert_eq!(current.instruction.name(), current.name);\n        // -\u003e String to Instruction\n        assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::from_str(\u0026current.name), asm));\n        // ** QUIRKS **\n        assert!(matches!(as_chip8, quirks_chip8));\n        assert!(matches!(as_schip, quirks_schip));\n        assert!(matches!(as_xochip, quirks_xochip));\n    }\n}\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","gemmaegui.rs"],"content":"use std::path::PathBuf;\nuse std::time::Instant;\nuse crate::support::gemma_egui_support::{EGuiFileList, GemmaEguiSupport};\nuse eframe::egui;\nuse egui::Key;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\n\nmod support;\n\nconst LIN_KEYS: [[(Key, u8); 4]; 4] = [\n    [(Key::Num1, 0x01), (Key::Num2, 0x02), (Key::Num3, 0x03), (Key::Num4, 0x0c)],\n    [(Key::Q, 0x04), (Key::W, 0x05), (Key::E, 0x06), (Key::R, 0x0d)],\n    [(Key::A, 0x07), (Key::S, 0x08), (Key::D, 0x09), (Key::F, 0x0e)],\n    [(Key::Z, 0x0a), (Key::X, 0x00), (Key::C, 0x0b), (Key::V, 0x0F)]\n];\n\n#[derive(Default)]\nstruct DisplayOptions {\n    pub video: bool,\n    pub registers: bool,\n    pub memory: bool,\n}\npub struct GemmaViewerState {\n    pub selected_file_index: i32,\n    pub selected_filename: String,\n    pub display_options: DisplayOptions,\n}\n\nimpl Default for GemmaViewerState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        GemmaViewerState {\n            selected_file_index: -1,\n            selected_filename: String::new(),\n            display_options: Default::default(),\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl GemmaViewerState {\n    pub fn new() -\u003e GemmaViewerState {\n        GemmaViewerState {\n            ..Default::default()\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nfn main() -\u003e eframe::Result {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n\n    let mut computer = Chip8ComputerManager::new();\n    let mut state = GemmaViewerState::new();\n\n    let options = eframe::NativeOptions {\n        viewport: egui::ViewportBuilder::default().with_inner_size([320.0, 240.0]),\n        ..Default::default()\n    };\n\n    eframe::run_simple_native(\"EGUI Gemma\", options, move |ctx, _frame| {\n        catppuccin_egui::set_theme(ctx, catppuccin_egui::MOCHA);\n        egui::CentralPanel::default().show(ctx, |ui| {\n            let frame_start_time = Instant::now();\n\n            let local_computer = computer.state();\n            //if state.display_video {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::video_view(local_computer, ui);\n            // }\n\n            ui.heading(\"EGUI Gemma\");\n\n            //  if state.display_memory {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::memory_view(local_computer, ui);\n            //  }\n\n            //  if state.display_registers {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::registers_view(local_computer, ui);\n            //  }\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                if ui.button(\"Start\").clicked() {\n                    computer.start();\n                }\n                if ui.button(\"Step\").clicked() {\n                    computer.step();\n                }\n\n                if ui.button(\"Stop\").clicked() {\n                    computer.stop();\n                    //     state.is_running = false;\n                }\n                if ui.button(\"Reset\").clicked() {\n                    computer.reset();\n                    //   state.is_running = false;\n                }\n            });\n\n            if ui.button(format!(\"Load {}\", state.selected_filename)).clicked() {\n               // println!(\"Should load the bin now\");\n                let read_bin = std::fs::read(PathBuf::from(format!(\"resources/roms/{}\", state.selected_filename))).unwrap();\n                computer.load_new_program_to_system_memory(read_bin);\n            };\n            EGuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(\"resources/roms\"), \u0026mut state.selected_filename, ui);\n            ctx.input(|input| {\n                // loop through the keys we are checking...\n                for row in LIN_KEYS {\n                    for (keyboard_key, keypad_key) in row {\n                        if input.key_pressed(keyboard_key) {\n                            computer.press_key(keypad_key);\n                           // println!(\"KEY {keypad_key:02x} DOWN\");\n                        } else {\n                            // release it if the user just did\n                            if computer.is_key_pressed(keypad_key) {\n                                computer.release_key(keypad_key);\n                            //    println!(\"KEY {keypad_key:02x} up\");\n                            }\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n            });\n\n            // run our target number of ticks in the amount of available time.\n            let time_consumed = Instant::now().duration_since(frame_start_time).as_millis();\n            let mut num_ticks = 0;\n            while num_ticks \u003c 1000 {\n                computer.tick();\n                num_ticks += 1;\n            }\n            ctx.request_repaint();\n        });\n    })\n}\n","traces":[{"line":31,"address":[3146416,3146584],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[3146435],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[3146497,3146440],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[3146608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[3147747,3146704,3147778],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3146751],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[3146815],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[3146845],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[3146909,3146954],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[3104176],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[3104216],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[3104368,3104260,3106015],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3104393],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[3104436],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":66,"address":[3104469],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[3104479],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[3104530],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[3104545],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[3106048,3106947,3104659],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[3106073,3106187],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[3106262],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[3106401,3106278],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":83,"address":[3106485],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[3106501,3106624],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[3106708],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[3106847,3106724],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[3106928],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[3104790,3105015,3104880,3105134],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[3105446,3105316,3105226],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[3105709],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":101,"address":[3105726],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[3106976,3105789,3107634],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[3107158,3107001,3107225],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[3107241,3107415,3107485],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[3107477,3107513],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[3107569,3107629],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[3107542,3107592],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":112,"address":[3107605],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":121,"address":[3105801],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":122,"address":[3105900],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":123,"address":[3105911,3105997],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":124,"address":[3105959],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":125,"address":[3105999,3105968],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":127,"address":[3105929],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":44},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_state.rs"],"content":"use std::ops::Range;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\n\npub struct GemmaEGuiState {\n    pub display_video: bool,\n    pub display_memory: bool,\n    pub display_registers: bool,\n    pub memory_view: Range\u003ci32\u003e,\n    pub computer: Chip8ComputerManager,\n    pub selected_rom_filename: String\n}\n\nimpl Default for GemmaEGuiState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            display_video: true,\n            display_memory: true,\n            display_registers: true,\n            memory_view: 0x00..0x200,\n            computer: Chip8ComputerManager::new(),\n            selected_rom_filename: String::new()\n        }\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[3129135,3128912],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[3128943],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[3128965],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":3},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_support.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::read_dir;\nuse std::path::PathBuf;\nuse egui::{Align, Color32, ComboBox, Pos2, TextBuffer};\nuse egui::Rect;\nuse egui::Vec2;\nuse egui::Ui;\nuse crate::Chip8Computer;\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: f32 = 5.0;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: f32 = 5.0;\n\npub struct EGuiFileList {}\nimpl EGuiFileList {\n    pub fn display_path(root: PathBuf, selected_filename: \u0026mut String, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let working_filename = selected_filename.clone();\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n           //  ui.label(format!(\"Displaying {}\", root.to_str().unwrap_or(\"Unable to Load Path\")));\n            ComboBox::from_label(\"Select ROM\")\n                .selected_text(selected_filename.clone())\n                .show_ui(ui, |ui| {\n\n                    let mut sorted_options = vec![];\n                    for option in read_dir(root.as_path()).unwrap() {\n                        let to_push = option.unwrap().file_name().into_string().unwrap_or( String::new());\n                        sorted_options.push(to_push);\n                    }\n\n                    sorted_options.sort();\n                    for item in sorted_options {\n                    // Add each option to the ComboBox\n                      if  ui.selectable_label(selected_filename.eq(\u0026item.as_str()), item.clone()).clicked()\n                        {\n                            *selected_filename = item;\n                        }\n                    }\n                });\n            // Display the selected option\n        });\n    }\n}\n\npub struct GemmaEguiSupport {}\n\nimpl GemmaEguiSupport {\n    pub fn controls_view(system: \u0026mut Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(Align::TOP), |ui| {\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_memory, \"Display Memory\");\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_video, \"Display Video\");\n         //   ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_registers, \"Display Registers\");\n        });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(format!(\"V0-7: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x00),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x01),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x02),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x03),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x04),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x05),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x06),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x07)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"V8-F: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x08),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x09),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0A),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0B),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0C),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0D),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0E),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0F)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"PC: {:04x}\\tI: {:04x}\", system.registers.peek_pc(), system.registers.peek_i()));\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let (_resp, painter) = ui.allocate_painter(Vec2::new(350.0, 165.0), egui::Sense::hover());\n        for current_row in 0..32 {\n            for current_col in 0..64 {\n                let data_offset = current_row * 64 + current_col;\n                let x_offset = current_col as f32 * CELL_WIDTH;\n                let y_offset = current_row as f32 * CELL_HEIGHT;\n                let origin = Pos2::new(x_offset, y_offset);\n                let colour = if system.video_memory.peek(data_offset) {\n                    Color32::RED\n                } else {\n                    Color32::WHITE\n                };\n                let rect = Rect::from_min_size(origin, Vec2::new(CELL_WIDTH, CELL_HEIGHT));\n                painter.rect_filled(rect, 0.0, colour);\n                // println!(\"Cell {current_col}x{current_row} at {}x{} -\u003e {}\",\n                //          origin.x, origin.y,\n                //          system.video_memory.peek(data_offset));\n            }\n        }\n    //    thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));\n    }\n\n    pub fn memory_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(\"Memory View\");\n\n        for i in (0..=0x200).step_by(16) {\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                for y in 0..16 {\n                    ui.label(format!(\"{:02x}\", system.memory.peek((i + y) as u16)).as_str());\n                }\n            });\n        }\n        ui.label(\"Should have **something** to adjust the 'memory window'\");\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[3110416,3110849],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":15,"address":[3110446],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":16,"address":[3110677],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":18,"address":[3133532,3133598,3133422],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[3133467,3133580,3133648],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[3133588,3133680,3135892,3135471],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3133716],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[3134242,3133773,3134103,3133877,3134275,3135843],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[3135870,3135502],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[3135768],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3134517],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3134551,3134791,3135447,3134741],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[3134941,3135434,3134831,3135142],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[3135253],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[3110880],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[3110999],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[3111120],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[3113464,3113696,3114160,3114392,3113232,3113000,3114772,3113928,3112280,3112768],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[3111168],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[3111305],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[3111445],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[3111585],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[3111725],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[3111865],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3112005],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[3112145],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[3117106,3117802,3116642,3117570,3116874,3116410,3118034,3117338,3118414,3115922],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":66,"address":[3114807],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[3114947],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[3115087],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[3115227],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[3115367],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":71,"address":[3115507],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[3115647],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[3115787],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[3118591,3118455,3119250,3118722,3119433,3119018],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[3119488,3120876],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[3119543],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[3119855,3119937,3120041],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[3120160,3120062],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[3120275,3120444],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":83,"address":[3120364],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":84,"address":[3120398],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[3120484],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[3120520,3120561],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[3120563],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[3120548],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[3120790],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":101,"address":[3120912],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[3120944],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[3121190,3120978],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[3121303],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[3135982,3136040],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[3136051,3136181,3136429,3136611],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[3121133],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":55},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","mod.rs"],"content":"pub mod gemma_egui_state;\npub mod gemma_egui_support;\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","gemmaimgui.rs"],"content":"use std::default::Default;\nuse std::time::Instant;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\nuse support::{emmagui_support::GemmaImguiSupport, ui_state::ImGuiUiState};\n\n\nmod support;\n\n/// Keypad Mappings for my Linux box\n/// 1 2 3 C\n/// 4 5 6 D\n/// 7 8 9 E\n/// A 0 B F\n\nconst LIN_KEYS: [(u16, u8); 0x10] = [(537, 0x01),(538, 0x02),(539, 0x03),(540, 0x0c),\n                              (562, 0x04),(568, 0x05),(550, 0x06),(563, 0x0d),\n                              (546, 7),(564, 8),(549, 9),(551, 0xe),\n                              (571, 0xa),(569, 0),(548, 0xb),(567, 0xf)];\n\nfn main() {\n    pretty_env_logger::init();\n\n    let mut system = Chip8ComputerManager::default();\n    let mut ui_state = ImGuiUiState::default();\n\n    support::simple_init(file!(), move |_, ui| {\n        let current_time = Instant::now();\n        let mut num_cycles = 0;\n\n        // Key Checks\n        let down_keys = ui.io().keys_down;\n\n        // START DEBUG CODE TO DISPLAY WHAT KEYS WE TRAPPED\n        for (idx, val) in down_keys.iter().enumerate() {\n            if *val {\n                println!(\"{idx} = {val}\");\n            }\n        }\n        // END DEBUG CODE\n\n        for (key_code, key_reg) in LIN_KEYS {\n            if down_keys[key_code as usize] {\n                system.press_key(key_reg);\n                system.wait_for_instruction();\n            } else {\n                // do we need to release it?\n\n                if system.is_key_pressed(key_reg) {\n                    system.release_key(key_reg);\n                }\n            }\n        }\n\n        let target_ms = ui_state.frame_time;\n        let loop_start_time = Instant::now();\n        while Instant::now().duration_since(current_time).as_millis() \u003c target_ms as u128 \u0026\u0026 num_cycles \u003c ui_state.target_ips {\n            if system.tick() {\n                num_cycles += 1;\n            }\n        }\n        let cycles_time = Instant::now().duration_since(loop_start_time);\n        if num_cycles \u003e 0 {\n            println!(\"Ran for {}ms and executed {}/{} cycles.\", cycles_time.as_millis(), num_cycles, ui_state.target_ips);\n        }\n        // GUI Parts\n        if ui_state.show_video {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::video_display(system.state(), \u0026ui_state, ui);\n        }\n\n        GemmaImguiSupport::system_controls(\u0026mut system, \u0026mut ui_state, ui);\n\n        if ui_state.show_registers {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::registers_view(system.state(), ui);\n        }\n\n        if ui_state.show_memory {\n            let active_instruction = system.state().registers.peek_pc();\n            GemmaImguiSupport::hex_memory_display(system.state().memory, (0x100, 0x10), active_instruction as i16, ui);\n        }\n\n        if ui_state.show_keypad {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::keypad_display(system.state(), ui);\n        }\n    });\n}\n","traces":[{"line":20,"address":[3890399,3890096,3890428],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[3890133],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[3890150],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[3890180],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[3890228],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3890246],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3993256],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3993291],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[3993299],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[3993565,3993330],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[3993597],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[3995326],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[3993627,3993491,3993816,3993684],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[3994933,3993850],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[3995008],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[3995068],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3995026,3994981],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[3995044],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[3993767],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[3993784],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[3994053,3993875],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[3994070,3994907],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[3994912,3994884],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3993975],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[3994039],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[3994360,3994452,3994120],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[3994094],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[3994642],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":71,"address":[3994606],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[3994626],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[3994696],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[3994680],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[3994738],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[3994778],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[3994722],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":83,"address":[3994863],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":36},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","support","emmagui_support.rs"],"content":"use gemma::constants::CHIP8_KEYBOARD;\nuse std::fs::File;\nuse std::io::Read;\nuse std::path::{Path, PathBuf};\nuse imgui::{CollapsingHeader, Condition, ImColor32, Ui};\nuse log::debug;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::ManagerDumpables::{Keyboard, Registers, Video};\nuse gemma::chip8::system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory;\nuse crate::ImGuiUiState;\nuse crate::support::gui_file_list::GuiFileList;\n\nconst ROM_ROOT: \u0026str = \"resources/roms\";\n\npub struct GemmaImguiSupport {}\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: i32 = 5i32;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: i32 = 5i32;\n\nimpl GemmaImguiSupport {\n    pub fn keypad_display(system_to_display: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        ui.window(\"Keypad\".to_string())\n            .position([100.0, 640.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                for row in CHIP8_KEYBOARD {\n                    for key in row {\n                        let label = if system_to_display.keypad.pressed(key) {\n                            format!(\"*{:1x}*\", key)\n                        } else {\n                            format!(\"{:1x}\", key)\n                        };\n                        ui.text(\u0026label);\n                        ui.same_line();\n                    }\n                    ui.text(\"\");\n                }\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_display(system_to_control: \u0026Chip8Computer, gui_state: \u0026ImGuiUiState, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        // draw area size\n        let (width, height) = system_to_control.video_memory.get_resolution();\n        let draw_area_size = ui.io().display_size;\n        //  println!(\"DRAW_AREA_SIZE = {}x{}\", draw_area_size[0], draw_area_size[1]);\n        let cell_width = ((draw_area_size[0] as i32 / width) * 6) / 10;\n        let cell_height = ((draw_area_size[1] as i32 / height) * 6) / 10;\n\n        let origin = ui.cursor_pos();\n        let fg = ui.get_foreground_draw_list();\n        if system_to_control.video_memory.is_highres() {\n            // ui.text(\"High Def Video here\");\n            for current_row in 0..=height {\n                let y_offset = origin[1] as i32 + (current_row * cell_height);\n                for current_column in 0..=width {\n                    let x_offset = origin[0] as i32 + (current_column * cell_width);\n                    let current_origin = [x_offset as f32, y_offset as f32];\n                    let current_limit = [(x_offset + cell_width) as f32, (y_offset + cell_height) as f32];\n                    let memory_offset = (current_row * width + current_column) as u16;\n                    let to_render = system_to_control.video_memory.peek(memory_offset);\n                    let color: ImColor32 = if to_render {\n                        gui_state.on_colour\n                    } else {\n                        gui_state.off_colour\n                    };\n                    fg.add_rect_filled_multicolor(current_origin, current_limit, color, color, color, color);\n                }\n            }\n        } else {\n            for current_row in 0..height {\n                let y_offset = origin[1] as i32 + (current_row * cell_height);\n                for current_column in 0..width {\n                    let x_offset = origin[0] as i32 + (current_column * cell_width);\n                    let current_origin = [x_offset as f32, y_offset as f32];\n                    let current_limit = [(x_offset + cell_width) as f32, (y_offset + cell_height) as f32];\n                    let memory_offset = (current_row * width + current_column) as u16;\n                    let to_render = system_to_control.video_memory.peek(memory_offset);\n                    let color: ImColor32 = if to_render {\n                        gui_state.on_colour\n                    } else {\n                        gui_state.off_colour\n                    };\n                    fg.add_rect_filled_multicolor(current_origin, current_limit, color, color, color, color);\n                }\n            }\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn system_controls(system_to_control: \u0026mut Chip8ComputerManager, gui_state: \u0026mut ImGuiUiState, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        // let mut state: Chip8Computer = system_to_control;\n        ui.window(\"!!!! CONTROLS !!!!\")\n            .position([100.0, 640.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                /* System Step Counter */\n                ui.text(format!(\"Step {:04x}\", system_to_control.num_cycles()).as_str());\n\n                /* ROM Lister */\n                if CollapsingHeader::new(\"Roms\").build(ui) {\n                    let new_filename = GuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(ROM_ROOT), \u0026gui_state.filename_to_load, ui);\n                    if !new_filename.is_empty() {\n                        if new_filename != gui_state.filename_to_load {\n                            debug!(\"NEW FILENAME SELECTED -\u003e {new_filename}\");\n                            gui_state.filename_to_load = new_filename;\n                        }\n                        if ui.button(\"Load Program\") {\n                            let mut buffer = Vec::new();\n                            debug!(\"PREPARING TO LOAD {}\", gui_state.filename_to_load);\n                            // let mut input_file = File::open(Path::new(\"./1-chip8-logo.ch8\")).expect(\"put 1-chip8-logo.ch8 in this directory\");\n                            let mut input_file = File::open(Path::new(\u0026(ROM_ROOT.to_string() + \"/\" + \u0026gui_state.filename_to_load))).expect(\"put 1-chip8-logo.ch8 in this directory\");\n                            input_file.read_to_end(\u0026mut buffer).expect(\"unable to read file\");\n                            system_to_control.load_new_program_to_system_memory((\u0026*buffer).into());\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n\n                if CollapsingHeader::new(\"Controls\").build(ui) {\n                    // if the system has no program loaded hide the buttons.\n                    let bytes: [u8; 2] = [\n                        system_to_control.state().memory.peek(0x200),\n                        system_to_control.state().memory.peek(0x201)\n                    ];\n                    let mut show_buttons = bytes[0] != 0 || bytes[1] == 0xe0;\n\n                    if show_buttons {\n                        if ui.button(\"Step\") {\n                            system_to_control.step();\n                        };\n                        ui.same_line();\n                        if ui.button(\"Run\") {\n                            system_to_control.start();\n                        }\n                    }\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    if ui.button(\"Stop\") {\n                        system_to_control.stop();\n                    }\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    if ui.button(\"Reset\") {\n                        system_to_control.reset();\n                    }\n                    if ui.button(\"Dump Video Memory\") {\n                        println!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Video));\n                    }\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    if ui.button(\"Dump Keypad State\") {\n                        debug!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Keyboard));\n                    }\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    if ui.button(\"Dump Registers\") {\n                        debug!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Registers));\n                    }\n                }\n\n                if CollapsingHeader::new(\"Options\").build(ui) {\n                    ui.checkbox(\"Show Memory\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_memory);\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    ui.checkbox(\"Show Video\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_video);\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    ui.checkbox(\"Show Registers\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_registers);\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    ui.checkbox(\"Show Keypad\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_keypad);\n                    ui.input_int(\"Target IPS\", \u0026mut gui_state.target_ips).build();\n                };\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        ui.window(\"Registers\")\n            .position([100.0, 640.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                ui.text(\"Registers\");\n                for i in 1..0x10 {\n                    ui.text(format!(\"V{:X}: {}\", i, system.registers.peek(i)));\n                    if i != 7 {\n                        ui.same_line();\n                    }\n                }\n                ui.text(\"\");\n                ui.text(format!(\"I: {:03X}\", system.registers.peek_i()));\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.text(format!(\"ST: {:02X}\", system.sound_timer.current()));\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.text(format!(\"DT: {:02X}\", system.delay_timer.current()));\n                ui.text(format!(\"PC: {:02X}\", system.registers.peek_pc()));\n                ui.text(format!(\"SP: {:02X}\", system.stack.depth()));\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn hex_memory_display(bytes: Chip8SystemMemory, position: (i32, i32), active: i16, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        let rows = position.0;\n        let cols = position.1;\n        ui.window(\"System Memory\")\n            .position([100.0, 640.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                let mut current_x_hover: i32 = 0;\n                let mut current_y_hover: i32 = 0;\n                // display a block of data\n                for current_row in 0..rows {\n                    ui.text(format!(\"{:02x}\", current_row * cols));\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    for current_column in 0..cols {\n                        let data_offset = current_row * cols + current_column;\n                        let formatted_text = format!(\"{:02x}\", bytes.peek(data_offset as u16));\n                        let text_location = ui.cursor_screen_pos();\n                        let text_size = ui.calc_text_size(formatted_text.clone());\n                        let bounding_box = imgui::sys::ImVec2 {\n                            x: text_location[0] + text_size[0],\n                            y: text_location[1] + text_size[1],\n                        };\n\n                        let hovering = ui.is_mouse_hovering_rect(text_location, [bounding_box.x, bounding_box.y]);\n                        let is_active = data_offset == active as i32;\n\n                        ui.text_colored(if hovering {\n                            [0., 1., 1., 1.]\n                        } else if is_active {\n                            [1., 0., 1., 1.]\n                        } else {\n                            [1., 1., 0., 1.]\n                        }, formatted_text.clone());\n\n                        // if we are hovering show that at the bottom...\n                        if hovering {\n                            // Optionally change the text color to indicate it's interactable\n                            current_x_hover = current_column;\n                            current_y_hover = current_row;\n\n                            // Check if the left mouse button is clicked while hovering over the text\n                            if ui.is_mouse_clicked(imgui::MouseButton::Left) {\n                                debug!(\"Offset: [{}] [0x{:02x}] Value: [{}]\", data_offset, data_offset, formatted_text.clone());\n                                // Perform any action here, e.g., call a function, trigger an event, etc.\n                            }\n                        }\n\n                        // are we on the same line?\n                        if current_column != (cols - 1) {\n                            ui.same_line();\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n                ui.text(format!(\"Offset 0x{:03x}\", current_x_hover * cols + current_y_hover));\n            });\n    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std::ffi::OsString;\nuse std::fs::read_dir;\nuse std::path::PathBuf;\nuse imgui::Ui;\nuse log::debug;\n\npub struct GuiFileList {}\n\nimpl GuiFileList {\n    pub fn display_path(root: PathBuf, selected_filename: \u0026String, ui: \u0026Ui) -\u003e String {\n        let mut working_filename = selected_filename.clone();\n        ui.text(format!(\"Displaying {}\", root.to_str().unwrap_or(\"Unable to parse path\")));\n\n        let mut known_files: Vec\u003cOsString\u003e = vec![];\n\n     //   println!(\"STARTING AT {:?}\", std::env::current_dir());\n        for entry in read_dir(root.as_path()).unwrap() {\n            known_files.push(entry.unwrap().file_name());\n        }\n\n        known_files.sort();\n\n        for (index, entry) in known_files.iter().enumerate() {\n            let mut working_select = ui.selectable_config(entry.clone().into_string().unwrap().to_string());\n            if *entry.to_str().unwrap() == *selected_filename.as_str() {\n                working_select = working_select.selected(true);\n            }\n            if working_select.build() {\n                debug!(\"SELECTED {index} / {entry:?}\");\n                working_filename = entry.clone().into_string().unwrap();\n            };\n        }\n        working_filename\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":10,"address":[3373348,3373209,3369376],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":11,"address":[3369537,3369450],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":12,"address":[3369979,3369545,3369842,3369622],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":14,"address":[3369994],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[3370404,3370009,3370563,3370160,3370592],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":18,"address":[3373218],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[3370840],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[3370894,3371204,3372200],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[3371561,3371313,3371236],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[3371737,3372177,3371926],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[3372059],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3373186,3371984,3372186],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3372205,3372325,3372594],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[3372799,3373028,3372257],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[3371158],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":15},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","support","mod.rs"],"content":"use glium::glutin::surface::WindowSurface;\nuse glium::{Display, Surface};\nuse imgui::{Context, FontConfig, FontGlyphRanges, FontSource, Ui};\nuse imgui_glium_renderer::Renderer;\nuse imgui_winit_support::winit::event::{Event, WindowEvent};\nuse imgui_winit_support::winit::event_loop::EventLoop;\nuse imgui_winit_support::winit::window::WindowBuilder;\nuse imgui_winit_support::{HiDpiMode, WinitPlatform};\nuse std::path::Path;\nuse std::time::Instant;\n\npub mod ui_state;\npub mod emmagui_support;\nmod gui_file_list;\n\nuse copypasta::{ClipboardContext, ClipboardProvider};\nuse imgui::ClipboardBackend;\n\npub struct ClipboardSupport(pub ClipboardContext);\n\npub fn clipboard_init() -\u003e Option\u003cClipboardSupport\u003e {\n    ClipboardContext::new().ok().map(ClipboardSupport)\n}\n\nimpl ClipboardBackend for ClipboardSupport {\n    fn get(\u0026mut self) -\u003e Option\u003cString\u003e {\n        self.0.get_contents().ok()\n    }\n    fn set(\u0026mut self, text: \u0026str) {\n        // ignore errors?\n        let _ = self.0.set_contents(text.to_owned());\n    }\n}\n\npub const FONT_SIZE: f32 = 13.0;\n\n#[allow(dead_code)] // annoyingly, RA yells that this is unusued\npub fn simple_init\u003cF: FnMut(\u0026mut bool, \u0026mut Ui) + 'static\u003e(title: \u0026str, run_ui: F) {\n    init_with_startup(title, |_, _, _| {}, run_ui);\n}\n\npub fn init_with_startup\u003cFInit, FUi\u003e(title: \u0026str, mut startup: FInit, mut run_ui: FUi)\nwhere\n    FInit: FnMut(\u0026mut Context, \u0026mut Renderer, \u0026Display\u003cWindowSurface\u003e) + 'static,\n    FUi: FnMut(\u0026mut bool, \u0026mut Ui) + 'static,\n{\n    let mut imgui = create_context();\n\n    let title = match Path::new(\u0026title).file_name() {\n        Some(file_name) =\u003e file_name.to_str().unwrap(),\n        None =\u003e title,\n    };\n    let event_loop = EventLoop::new().expect(\"Failed to create EventLoop\");\n\n    let builder = WindowBuilder::new()\n        .with_maximized(true)\n        .with_title(title);\n      //  .with_inner_size(LogicalSize::new(1024, 768));\n    let (window, display) = glium::backend::glutin::SimpleWindowBuilder::new()\n        .set_window_builder(builder)\n        .build(\u0026event_loop);\n    let mut renderer = Renderer::init(\u0026mut imgui, \u0026display).expect(\"Failed to initialize renderer\");\n\n    if let Some(backend) = clipboard_init() {\n        imgui.set_clipboard_backend(backend);\n    } else {\n        eprintln!(\"Failed to initialize clipboard\");\n    }\n\n    let mut platform = WinitPlatform::init(\u0026mut imgui);\n    {\n        let dpi_mode = if let Ok(factor) = std::env::var(\"IMGUI_EXAMPLE_FORCE_DPI_FACTOR\") {\n            // Allow forcing of HiDPI factor for debugging purposes\n            match factor.parse::\u003cf64\u003e() {\n                Ok(f) =\u003e HiDpiMode::Locked(f),\n                Err(e) =\u003e panic!(\"Invalid scaling factor: {}\", e),\n            }\n        } else {\n            HiDpiMode::Default\n        };\n\n        platform.attach_window(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, dpi_mode);\n    }\n\n    let mut last_frame = Instant::now();\n\n    startup(\u0026mut imgui, \u0026mut renderer, \u0026display);\n\n    event_loop\n        .run(move |event, window_target| match event {\n            Event::NewEvents(_) =\u003e {\n                let now = Instant::now();\n                imgui.io_mut().update_delta_time(now - last_frame);\n                last_frame = now;\n            }\n            Event::AboutToWait =\u003e {\n                platform\n                    .prepare_frame(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window)\n                    .expect(\"Failed to prepare frame\");\n                window.request_redraw();\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::RedrawRequested,\n                ..\n            } =\u003e {\n                let ui = imgui.frame();\n\n                let mut run = true;\n                run_ui(\u0026mut run, ui);\n                if !run {\n                    window_target.exit();\n                }\n\n                let mut target = display.draw();\n                target.clear_color_srgb(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);\n                platform.prepare_render(ui, \u0026window);\n                let draw_data = imgui.render();\n                renderer\n                    .render(\u0026mut target, draw_data)\n                    .expect(\"Rendering failed\");\n                target.finish().expect(\"Failed to swap buffers\");\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::Resized(new_size),\n                ..\n            } =\u003e {\n                if new_size.width \u003e 0 \u0026\u0026 new_size.height \u003e 0 {\n                    display.resize((new_size.width, new_size.height));\n                }\n                platform.handle_event(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, \u0026event);\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::CloseRequested,\n                ..\n            } =\u003e window_target.exit(),\n            event =\u003e {\n                platform.handle_event(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, \u0026event);\n            }\n        })\n        .expect(\"EventLoop error\");\n}\n\n/// Creates the imgui context\npub fn create_context() -\u003e imgui::Context {\n    let mut imgui = Context::create();\n    // Fixed font size. Note imgui_winit_support uses \"logical\n    // pixels\", which are physical pixels scaled by the devices\n    // scaling factor. Meaning, 13.0 pixels should look the same size\n    // on two different screens, and thus we do not need to scale this\n    // value (as the scaling is handled by winit)\n    imgui.fonts().add_font(\u0026[\n        FontSource::TtfData {\n            data: include_bytes!(\"../../../../resources/Roboto-Regular.ttf\"),\n            size_pixels: FONT_SIZE,\n            config: Some(FontConfig {\n                // As imgui-glium-renderer isn't gamma-correct with\n                // it's font rendering, we apply an arbitrary\n                // multiplier to make the font a bit \"heavier\". With\n                // default imgui-glow-renderer this is unnecessary.\n                rasterizer_multiply: 1.5,\n                // Oversampling font helps improve text rendering at\n                // expense of larger font atlas texture.\n                oversample_h: 4,\n                oversample_v: 4,\n                ..FontConfig::default()\n            }),\n        },\n        FontSource::TtfData {\n            data: include_bytes!(\"../../../../resources/mplus-1p-regular.ttf\"),\n            size_pixels: FONT_SIZE,\n            config: Some(FontConfig {\n                // Oversampling font helps improve text rendering at\n                // expense of larger font atlas texture.\n                oversample_h: 4,\n                oversample_v: 4,\n                // Range of glyphs to rasterize\n                glyph_ranges: FontGlyphRanges::japanese(),\n                ..FontConfig::default()\n            }),\n        },\n    ]);\n    imgui.set_ini_filename(None);\n\n    imgui\n}\n","traces":[{"line":21,"address":[3796960],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3796977],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[3797040],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3797059],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3797104],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[3797127],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[3258720],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[3258752,3258772,3258734],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[3260870,3258784,3261853],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[3258875],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3259011,3259104],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[3259192],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[3259433,3259283],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[3259491,3259560,3259583],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[3259567,3259610],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[3259726,3259618],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3259886,3259934],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[3260037,3259992],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[3260217,3260127],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[3260134,3260247],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[3260286],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[3260455,3260328],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[3260514,3260426],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[3260551],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[3260792,3260612],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[3260443],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[3260988,3260940],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[3261032],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[3261098],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[3261588,3261177],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[3262166,3263228,3261935,3263478,3261888,3261239],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[3262380],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[3262495],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":97,"address":[3262253,3263262],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[3262267,3263255],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":100,"address":[3263323],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[3262596,3262771],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[3262779],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":109,"address":[3262795],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[3262802],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[3262820,3262857],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":114,"address":[3262859,3262835],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":115,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[3262957],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":117,"address":[3262993],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":118,"address":[3263037],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":120,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":121,"address":[3263101],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":123,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":124,"address":[3262535],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":125,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":126,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":127,"address":[3262563,3262671],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":128,"address":[3262692],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":130,"address":[3262630,3262734],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":132,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":133,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":134,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[3262578,3262753],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":136,"address":[3262051],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":137,"address":[3263410,3262089],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":144,"address":[3798732,3797184],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":145,"address":[3797201],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":151,"address":[3798326,3797225],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":152,"address":[3797624],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":155,"address":[379730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std::time::Instant;\nuse imgui::ImColor32;\n\npub struct ImGuiUiState {\n    pub show_registers: bool,\n    pub show_memory: bool,\n    pub show_video: bool,\n    pub show_keypad: bool,\n    pub filename_to_load: String,\n    pub on_colour: ImColor32,\n    pub off_colour: ImColor32,\n    pub is_running: bool,\n    pub frame_time: u32,\n    pub last_frame_instant: Instant,\n    pub target_ips: i32\n}\n\nimpl Clone for ImGuiUiState {\n    fn clone(\u0026self) -\u003e Self {\n        ImGuiUiState {\n            show_registers: self.show_registers,\n            show_memory: self.show_memory,\n            show_video: self.show_video,\n            show_keypad: self.show_keypad,\n            filename_to_load: self.filename_to_load.to_string(),\n            on_colour: self.on_colour,\n            off_colour: self.off_colour,\n            is_running: self.is_running,\n            frame_time: self.frame_time,\n            last_frame_instant: self.last_frame_instant,\n            target_ips: self.target_ips\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for ImGuiUiState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        ImGuiUiState {\n            show_registers: false,\n            show_memory: false,\n            show_video: true,\n            show_keypad: true,\n            filename_to_load: String::new(),\n            on_colour: ImColor32::from_rgb(0xff, 0xff, 0x00),\n            off_colour: ImColor32::from_rgb(0x00, 0xff, 0xff),\n            is_running: false,\n            frame_time: 16,\n            last_frame_instant: Instant::now(),\n            target_ips: 200000\n        }\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":19,"address":[3276304],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[3276333],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3276337],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[3276341],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[3276345],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[3276348],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[3276372],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3276376],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3276380],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3276384],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[3276388],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[3276395],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[3276722,3276496],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[3276515],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[3276527],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[3276582],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[3276595],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":17},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","gemmasdl2.rs"],"content":"mod support;\nuse std::{sync::Arc, time::Instant};\nuse anyhow::Context;\nuse egui::TextBuffer;\nuse egui_glow::glow::{HasContext, COLOR_BUFFER_BIT};\nuse egui_sdl2_platform::sdl2;\nuse sdl2::event::{Event, WindowEvent};\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse support::timestep::TimeStep;\nuse crate::support::gemma_egui_support::GemmaEguiSupport;\n\nconst SCREEN_WIDTH: u32 = 800;\nconst SCREEN_HEIGHT: u32 = 480;\n\nasync fn run() -\u003e anyhow::Result\u003cString\u003e {\n    // Initialize SDL2 and video subsystem\n    let sdl = sdl2::init().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to create SDL context: {}\", e))?;\n    let mut video = sdl.video().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to initialize SDL video subsystem: {}\", e))?;\n\n    // Create SDL2 window and OpenGL context\n    let window = video.window(\"Window\", SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT)\n        .opengl()\n        .position_centered()\n        .build()?;\n    let _gl_context = window.gl_create_context().expect(\"Failed to create GL context\");\n\n    // Load OpenGL functions\n    let gl = unsafe {\n        egui_glow::painter::Context::from_loader_function(|name| {\n            video.gl_get_proc_address(name) as *const _\n        })\n    };\n    let mut painter = egui_glow::Painter::new(Arc::new(gl), \"\", None)?;\n\n    // Setup Egui and SDL2 platform\n    let mut platform = egui_sdl2_platform::Platform::new(window.size())?;\n    let mut event_pump = sdl.event_pump().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to get SDL event pump: {}\", e))?;\n\n    // Initial settings\n    let color = [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]; // Background color\n    let start_time = Instant::now();\n    let mut timestep = TimeStep::new();\n\n    let mut computer = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let mut is_running: bool = false;\n    computer.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026std::fs::read(\"resources/roms/3-corax+.ch8\")?);\n\n    // Main loop\n    'main: loop {\n        // Update the Egui platform with the current time\n        platform.update_time(start_time.elapsed().as_secs_f64());\n\n        // Begin Egui frame\n        let ctx = platform.context();\n\n        if is_running {\n            computer.step_system();\n        }\n\n        egui::Window::new(\"Hello, world!\").show(\u0026ctx, |ui| {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::video_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n            GemmaEguiSupport::memory_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n            GemmaEguiSupport::registers_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n        });\n\n        // Process Egui frame\n        let full_output = platform.end_frame(\u0026mut video)?;\n        let paint_jobs = platform.tessellate(\u0026full_output);\n\n        // Clear the screen with the current color\n        unsafe {\n            painter.gl().clear_color(color[0], color[1], color[2], 1.0);\n            painter.gl().clear(COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);\n        }\n\n        // Paint Egui outputs and update textures\n        let size = window.size();\n        painter.paint_and_update_textures([size.0, size.1], 1.0, paint_jobs.as_slice(), \u0026full_output.textures_delta);\n        window.gl_swap_window();\n\n        // Run the timestep logic\n        timestep.run_this(|_| {});\n\n        // Handle SDL2 events\n        for event in event_pump.poll_iter() {\n            match event {\n                Event::Quit { .. }\n                | Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::Escape), .. } =\u003e break 'main,\n                Event::Window { window_id, win_event, .. } if window_id == window.id() =\u003e {\n                    if let WindowEvent::Close = win_event {\n                        break 'main;\n                    }\n                }\n                Event::KeyUp { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F3), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F3 -\u003e running\");\n                    is_running = true;\n                }\n                Event::KeyUp { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F4), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F4 -\u003e stopping\");\n                    is_running = false;\n                }\n                Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F5), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F5 -\u003e Step\");\n                    computer.step_system();\n                }\n                Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F6), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F6 -\u003e RESET\");\n                    computer.reset();\n                }\n                Event::ControllerButtonDown { which, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"PLAYER {which} DOWN\");\n                }\n                Event::ControllerButtonDown { button, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"BUTTON {:?}\", button);\n                }\n                Event::JoyButtonDown {button_idx, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"JoyButtonDown {}\", button_idx);\n                }\n                Event::JoyAxisMotion { which, axis_idx, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"JoyAxismotion {which} {axis_idx}\");\n                }\n                _ =\u003e platform.handle_event(\u0026event, \u0026sdl, \u0026video),\n            }\n        }\n\n        // Optionally log the frame rate\n        if let Some(fps) = timestep.frame_rate() {\n            println!(\"{:?} fps\", fps);\n        }\n\n        let num_js = sdl.joystick().unwrap().num_joysticks().unwrap();\n        println!(\"NUM JS = {num_js}\");\n    }\n\n    Ok((\"\").parse()?)\n}\n\nfn main() -\u003e anyhow::Result\u003c()\u003e {\n    pollster::block_on(run())?;\n    Ok(())\n}\n","traces":[{"line":15,"address":[681264],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[695637,695513,695408,695362,688355,688166,688249],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":18,"address":[688348,695712,695817,695360,688611,695941,688456],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[688560,688696,688951,688772],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[689028],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[696016,689129],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[696034],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[695279,689188,689433],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[689556,689735,695258,689400],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[696277,689836,689728,695237,690010,696153,696048],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":40,"address":[689940],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[690110,689984],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[690133],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[690140],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[690159],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":46,"address":[695197,690167,690254],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[690496],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[690612],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[690655],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[690692,690755],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[690789,696352,690665],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[696370],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[696384],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[696398],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[690811,691039],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[691012],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[691232,691124],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[691325],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[691391],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[691440],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[691548],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[696427,696416,691575],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[691582,691685],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[693597,693007,691733,694654],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[692938,693504],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[693556],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[694769],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":95,"address":[694742,694690],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[694761],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[694801],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[694774,694716],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":100,"address":[694793],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[694606],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[693648,694568],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[694587],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[694649],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[694611,693677],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[694630],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[693323],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[695080],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[693194],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":117,"address":[695006],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[693051],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":120,"address":[694916],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":122,"address":[692870,695154],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":127,"address":[691793,691678],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":128,"address":[691973],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":131,"address":[692283,692596,691966],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":132,"address":[692732],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[693847,693780],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":138,"address":[681280],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":139,"address":[681287,681456],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":140,"address":[681445],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":63},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_support.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::read_dir;\nuse std::path::PathBuf;\nuse egui::{Align, Color32, ComboBox, Pos2, TextBuffer};\nuse egui::Rect;\nuse egui::Vec2;\nuse egui::Ui;\nuse crate::Chip8Computer;\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: f32 = 5.0;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: f32 = 5.0;\n\npub struct EGuiFileList {}\nimpl EGuiFileList {\n    pub fn display_path(root: PathBuf, selected_filename: \u0026mut String, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let working_filename = selected_filename.clone();\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n           //  ui.label(format!(\"Displaying {}\", root.to_str().unwrap_or(\"Unable to Load Path\")));\n            ComboBox::from_label(\"Select ROM\")\n                .selected_text(selected_filename.clone())\n                .show_ui(ui, |ui| {\n\n                    let mut sorted_options = vec![];\n                    for option in read_dir(root.as_path()).unwrap() {\n                        let to_push = option.unwrap().file_name().into_string().unwrap_or( String::new());\n                        sorted_options.push(to_push);\n                    }\n\n                    sorted_options.sort();\n                    for item in sorted_options {\n                    // Add each option to the ComboBox\n                      if  ui.selectable_label(selected_filename.eq(\u0026item.as_str()), item.clone()).clicked()\n                        {\n                            *selected_filename = item;\n                        }\n                    }\n                });\n            // Display the selected option\n        });\n    }\n}\n\npub struct GemmaEguiSupport {}\n\nimpl GemmaEguiSupport {\n    pub fn controls_view(system: \u0026mut Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n         ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n             if ui.button(\"Start\").clicked() {\n                 println!(\"Start\");\n          //       state.is_running = true;\n             }\n             if ui.button(\"Step\").clicked() {\n                 system.step_system();\n             }\n\n             if ui.button(\"Stop\").clicked() {\n                 println!(\"STOP\");\n            //     state.is_running = false;\n             }\n             if ui.button(\"Reset\").clicked() {\n                 system.reset();\n              //   state.is_running = false;\n             }\n         });\n\n     //       if ui.button(format!(\"Load {}\", state.selected_rom_filename)).clicked() {\n                // load the bin...\n       //         let read_bin = std::fs::read(PathBuf::from(format!(\"resources/roms/{}\", state.selected_rom_filename))).unwrap();\n                // ...then feed the system.\n       //         system.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026read_bin);\n       //         println!(\"Loaded {}\", state.selected_rom_filename);\n       //     }\n       //      EGuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(\"resources/roms\"), \u0026mut state.selected_rom_filename, ui);\n\n\n\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(Align::TOP), |ui| {\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_memory, \"Display Memory\");\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_video, \"Display Video\");\n         //   ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_registers, \"Display Registers\");\n        });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(format!(\"V0-7: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x00),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x01),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x02),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x03),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x04),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x05),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x06),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x07)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"V8-F: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x08),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x09),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0A),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0B),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0C),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0D),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0E),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0F)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"PC: {:04x}\\tI: {:04x}\", system.registers.peek_pc(), system.registers.peek_i()));\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let (_resp, painter) = ui.allocate_painter(Vec2::new(350.0, 165.0), egui::Sense::hover());\n        for current_row in 0..32 {\n            for current_col in 0..64 {\n                let data_offset = current_row * 64 + current_col;\n                let x_offset = current_col as f32 * CELL_WIDTH;\n                let y_offset = current_row as f32 * CELL_HEIGHT;\n                let origin = Pos2::new(x_offset, y_offset);\n                let colour = if system.video_memory.peek(data_offset) {\n                    Color32::RED\n                } else {\n                    Color32::WHITE\n                };\n                let rect = Rect::from_min_size(origin, Vec2::new(CELL_WIDTH, CELL_HEIGHT));\n                painter.rect_filled(rect, 0.0, colour);\n                // println!(\"Cell {current_col}x{current_row} at {}x{} -\u003e {}\",\n                //          origin.x, origin.y,\n                //          system.video_memory.peek(data_offset));\n            }\n        }\n    //    thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));\n    }\n\n    pub fn memory_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(\"Memory View\");\n\n        for i in (0..=0x200).step_by(16) {\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                for y in 0..16 {\n                    ui.label(format!(\"{:02x}\", system.memory.peek((i + y) as u16)).as_str());\n                }\n            });\n        }\n        ui.label(\"Should have **something** to adjust the 'memory window'\");\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[731024,731455],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":15,"address":[731054],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":16,"address":[731283],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":18,"address":[754027,754092,753917],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[753962,754142,754074],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[755959,754082,754176,756364],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[754212],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[754599,756319,754269,754734,754373,754763],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[755990,756354],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[756248],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[755005],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[755229,755935,755039,755279],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[755922,755429,755319,755630],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[755741],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[731488],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":46,"address":[731618],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[756425,756536],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[756611],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[756774,756651],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[756858],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[756997,756874],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[757081],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[757244,757121],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[757325],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[731833],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":83,"address":[731968],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":84,"address":[734544,735008,734776,735240,733848,734080,733128,733616,734312,735617],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[732016],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[732153],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[732293],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":88,"address":[732433],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[732573],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[732713],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[732853],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[732993],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[736764,738644,737484,738876,737716,737948,738180,738412,739256,737252],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":95,"address":[735649],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[735789],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":97,"address":[735929],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[736069],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[736209],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":101,"address":[736489],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[736629],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[739297,740275,739860,739564,739433,740092],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[740320,741692],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[740375],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":109,"address":[740857,740753,740671],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[740976,740878],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[741091,741260],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":112,"address":[741180],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":113,"address":[741214],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":114,"address":[741300],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":115,"address":[741336,741377],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[741379],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":118,"address":[741364],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":121,"address":[741606],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":130,"address":[741728],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":131,"address":[741761],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":133,"address":[741795,742008],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":134,"address":[742121],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[757422,757480],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":136,"address":[757491,757869,758051,757621],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":140,"address":[741950],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":63},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","mod.rs"],"content":"pub mod timestep;\npub mod gemma_egui_support;\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","timestep.rs"],"content":"\n//! Gameplay speed control. It attempts to mimic/limit progression to\n//! the 30 tics per second Doom used.\n\nuse std::{fmt, time::Instant};\n\nconst MS_PER_UPDATE: f32 = 28.57;\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\npub struct TimeStep {\n    last_time: Instant,\n    delta_time: f32,\n    frame_count: u32,\n    frame_time: f32,\n    run_tics: u32,\n    last_tics: u32,\n    lag: f32,\n}\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\npub struct FrameData {\n    pub tics: u32,\n    pub frames: u32,\n}\n\nimpl fmt::Display for FrameData {\n    fn fmt(\u0026self, f: \u0026mut fmt::Formatter\u003c'_\u003e) -\u003e fmt::Result {\n        f.write_fmt(format_args!(\n            \"FrameData (per-second):\\n  - tics: {}\\n  -  fps: {}\",\n            self.tics, self.frames\n        ))\n    }\n}\n\nimpl TimeStep {\n    pub fn new() -\u003e TimeStep {\n        TimeStep {\n            last_time: Instant::now(),\n            delta_time: 0.0,\n            frame_count: 0,\n            frame_time: 0.0,\n            run_tics: 0,\n            last_tics: 0,\n            lag: 0.0,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn delta(\u0026mut self) -\u003e f32 {\n        let current_time = Instant::now();\n        let delta = current_time.duration_since(self.last_time).as_micros() as f32 * 0.001;\n        self.last_time = current_time;\n        self.delta_time = delta;\n        delta\n    }\n\n    /// Increments self time and returns current lag. `run_this` is run only for\n    /// `n` tics available.\n    pub fn run_this(\u0026mut self, mut run_this: impl FnMut(f32)) {\n        let dt = self.delta();\n        self.lag += dt;\n        while self.lag \u003e= MS_PER_UPDATE {\n            run_this(dt);\n            self.lag -= MS_PER_UPDATE;\n            self.run_tics += 1;\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn frame_rate(\u0026mut self) -\u003e Option\u003cFrameData\u003e {\n        self.frame_count += 1;\n        self.frame_time += self.delta_time;\n        let tmp;\n        let tmp2;\n        // per second\n        if self.frame_time \u003e= 1000.0 {\n            tmp = self.frame_count;\n            tmp2 = self.last_tics;\n            self.frame_count = 0;\n            self.frame_time = 0.0;\n            self.last_tics = self.run_tics;\n            return Some(FrameData {\n                tics: self.run_tics - tmp2,\n                frames: tmp,\n            });\n        }\n\n        None\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for TimeStep {\n    // shutup clippy!\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self::new()\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":27,"address":[773936],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[774040,774124],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[774224],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[774238],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[774320],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[774333],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[774355],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[774431],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[774446],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[774464],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[774550,774488],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[774515],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[774530],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[774584],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[774594],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[774601],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[774608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[774616],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[774661],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[774622,774675],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[774571],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[774704],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[774712],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":30},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmatelnet","src","bin","gemmatelnetd.rs"],"content":"fn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n}","traces":[{"line":1,"address":[116192,116144],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":2,"address":[116148],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":1,"coverable":2},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","bin2hex.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::File;\nuse std::io;\nuse std::io::{BufReader, Read};\nuse clap::{Arg, Command};\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\nstruct CliArgs {\n    input: String,\n}\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft!\");\n    // Set up the command line arguments\n    let matches = Command::new(\"my_program\")\n        .about(\"Processes an input file and outputs it with a specified bit width\")\n        .arg(\n            Arg::new(\"input\")\n                .help(\"The input file to process\")\n                .required(true)\n                .index(1),\n        )\n\n        .get_matches();\n\n    // Parse the command-line arguments\n    let args = CliArgs {\n        input: matches.get_one::\u003cString\u003e(\"input\").unwrap().to_string(),\n    };\n\n    // Use the parsed arguments\n    println!(\"Input file: {}\", args.input);\n\n    // behave like a shift register and load each character from the file 1 by 1.\n    let results = read_file_to_bools(\u0026args.input);\n    for result in results.unwrap().bytes() {\n        print!(\"0x{:02x}, \", result.unwrap());\n    }\n}\nfn read_file_to_bools(file_path: \u0026str) -\u003e io::Result\u003cVec\u003cu8\u003e\u003e {\n    // Open the file\n    let file = File::open(file_path)?;\n    let mut reader = BufReader::new(file);\n\n    let mut bytes = Vec::new();\n    reader.read_to_end(\u0026mut bytes)?;\n\n    let mut output = Vec::new();\n    let mut current_byte = 0u8;\n    let mut bit_index = 0;\n\n    for \u0026byte in \u0026bytes {\n        // Convert ASCII character '1' or '0' to boolean, skip any other characters\n        let bit = match byte {\n            b'1' =\u003e true,\n            b'0' =\u003e false,\n            _ =\u003e continue,  // Skip non-'1' or '0' characters\n        };\n\n        // Set the appropriate bit in the current byte\n        if bit {\n            current_byte |= 1 \u003c\u003c (7 - bit_index);  // Set the bit at the correct position\n        }\n\n        bit_index += 1;\n\n        // Once we have filled 8 bits, push the byte and reset\n        if bit_index == 8 {\n            output.push(current_byte);\n            current_byte = 0;\n            bit_index = 0;\n        }\n    }\n\n    // If there are remaining bits, push the last byte (it will be partially filled)\n    if bit_index \u003e 0 {\n        output.push(current_byte);\n    }\n\n\n\n    Ok(output)\n}\n\n","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[253074,250928],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":12,"address":[250950],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":14,"address":[251331,251007,251256],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[251161,251089],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[251344,251513],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[251740],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[251817],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[252086,252189,252329],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[252965,252701,252584],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[254208,254264,253120],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[253153,253251],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[253219],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[253330],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[253458,253552,253390],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[253540],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[253585],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[253593],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[253683,253777,253612],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[253798],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[253966],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[253976],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[253984,254093],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[254014,254095],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[254139,253994,254117],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[254203,254124],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[254157],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[254184],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[254192],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[253765],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[253901],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[253827],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":31},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","ch8asm.rs"],"content":"use std::fs;\n// Ch8Asm\n// Converts well formed CH8ASM.\n// no variables.\n// no labels.\n// nothing fun.\nuse pest::Parser;\nuse pest_derive::Parser;\n\n#[derive(Parser)]\n#[grammar = \"chip8_asm.pest\"]\npub struct Chip8AsmParser;\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n\n    let unparsed = fs::read_to_string(\"resources/test/gemma_disassembler_1_chip_logo_ch8_asm.asc\").expect(\"Unable to read input\");\n\n    let file = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::file, \u0026unparsed).expect(\"Unable to parse.  Try again.\")\n        .next().unwrap();\n\n    for record in file.into_inner() {\n        match record.as_rule() {\n            Rule::instruction =\u003e {\n                println!(\"INSTRUCTION = {:?}\", record.into_inner().flatten())\n            }\n            _ =\u003e {\n                println!(\"UNHANDLED PART.\");\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}\n\n#[cfg(test)]\nmod test {\n    use pest::Parser;\n    use crate::{Chip8AsmParser, Rule};\n\n    #[test]\n    fn bits_all_parse() {\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::instruction, \"CLS\")\n        );\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::parameter, \"0x01\")\n        );\n        let parsed = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::comment, \"; comment\").unwrap();\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"PARSED COMMENT -\u003e {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        let parsed =\n            Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"CLS ; comment\").unwrap();\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"RULE PAIR THING: {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        let parsed = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADDI 0x01 ; comment\");\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"RULE PAIR THING: {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD ADD ADD\")\n        );\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD 0x01 0x02 ; Comment\")\n        );\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD 0x01 0x02 ; Comment\")\n        );\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[201921,201827,200576],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":15,"address":[200583],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[200639],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[200786,200710],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[201236,201045,201865,201280],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[201427,201344],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[201572,201448,201699],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[201836,201527],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":8},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","ch8disasm.rs"],"content":"use std::path::Path;\nuse clap::{command, Parser};\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION;\nuse gemma::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode::Chip8;\n\n/// ch8disasm\n///\n/// Provide disassembled version of the CH8 file provided.\n#[derive(Parser)]\n#[command(version, about, long_about = None)]\nstruct DisassemblerApp {\n    #[arg(short)]\n    input_file: Box\u003cPath\u003e,\n    #[arg(short)]\n    output_file: Option\u003cBox\u003cPath\u003e\u003e,\n}\n\nstruct Disassembler {}\nimpl Disassembler {\n    pub fn disassemble(from_data: Vec\u003cu8\u003e) -\u003e String {\n        let mut working_instruction: u16 = 0x0000;\n\n        // read the input data and loop through it byte by byte.\n        let mut output_string = String::new();\n\n        for (offset, byte) in from_data.iter().enumerate() {\n            working_instruction = (working_instruction \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16);\n            if offset % 2 != 0 {\n                let decoded = Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(working_instruction, \u0026Chip8);\n                let decoded_string = decoded.to_string();\n                let mut current_parts = String::new();\n\n                match decoded {\n                    XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e {\n                        current_parts = format!(\"DW 0x{:04x}\", working_instruction);\n                    }\n                    _ =\u003e {\n                        current_parts = format!(\"{}\", decoded);\n                    }\n                };\n\n                let target_length: i32 = 25;\n                let spacing_length = target_length.saturating_sub(current_parts.len() as i32);\n\n                // now add the rest after the string\n                let x = spacing_length as usize;\n                current_parts = format!(\"{}{:\u003cx$}; Bytes [0x{:04x}] offset [0x{:04x}]\\n\", current_parts, \" \", working_instruction, offset -1);\n                //   println!(\"SHOULD OUTPUT: [{current_parts}]\");\n                output_string = output_string.to_string() + \u0026*current_parts.to_string();\n\n                working_instruction = 0x0000;\n            }\n        }\n\n        output_string\n    }\n}\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n    let result = DisassemblerApp::parse();\n    println!(\"PREPARING TO DISASSEMBLE {:?}\", result.input_file.file_name());\n\n\n    let source_file = result.input_file.to_str().unwrap();\n    let decompiled_program = Disassembler::disassemble(\n        std::fs::read(source_file).unwrap()\n    );\n\n\n    match result.output_file {\n        None =\u003e {\n            println!(\"Output to console.\");\n            println!(\"OS: \\n\\n{}\", decompiled_program);\n        }\n        Some(target) =\u003e {\n            println!(\"Output to {:?}\", target);\n            std::fs::write(target, decompiled_program).unwrap();\n        }\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":21,"address":[367264,371680],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[367306],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[367332],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[367391,367745,367463],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[367787],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[367833],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[367847],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[367918],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[367933],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[367984],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[368690,368272,368536],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[369118],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[368976,368855],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[367295],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[369196,369128,368840],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[369203],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[370396,369545,370860,369688,370628,371107,370164,369784],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[371639,371249],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[371588],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[367688],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[371712,373505,373575],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[371719],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[371783],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[372037,371804,371911],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":66,"address":[372258,372106],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[372282],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[372547],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[372576,372809],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[372938],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[372605],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[373089],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[373158],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":32},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","tests","assmber_tests.rs"],"content":"","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0}]};
+        var data = {"files":[{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","bin","speedtest.rs"],"content":"use gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\nuse std::fs::File;\nuse std::io::Read;\nuse std::ops::Add;\nuse std::path::Path;\nuse std::time::{Duration, Instant};\n\nconst ROM_ROOT: \u0026str = \"resources/roms\";\n\nfn main() {\n    let mut x = Chip8ComputerManager::new();\n\n    let mut buffer = Vec::new();\n    let mut input_file =\n        File::open(Path::new(\u0026(ROM_ROOT.to_string() + \"/mandelbrot_bench.ch8\"))).expect(\"derp\");\n    input_file\n        .read_to_end(\u0026mut buffer)\n        .expect(\"unable to read file\");\n    x.load_new_program_to_system_memory((\u0026*buffer).into());\n\n    for _ in 0..10 {\n        let start_time = Instant::now();\n        let mut num_cycles = 0;\n        // how many instructions in 10s.\n        let end_time = start_time.add(Duration::from_secs(10));\n        while (Instant::now().le(\u0026end_time)) {\n            num_cycles += 1;\n            x.step();\n        }\n\n        let num = num_cycles\n            .to_string()\n            .as_bytes()\n            .rchunks(3)\n            .rev()\n            .map(std::str::from_utf8)\n            .collect::\u003cResult\u003cVec\u003c\u0026str\u003e, _\u003e\u003e()\n            .unwrap()\n            .join(\",\"); // separator\n\n        let num_ips = num_cycles / 1000000;\n        println!(\"Completed at {num_ips} Mips. ({num})\");\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[254592,256682,256747],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":12,"address":[254599],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":14,"address":[254616],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":15,"address":[254679,254747],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[254999],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[255084],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[255184],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[255333,255415],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[255444],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[255460],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[255538],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[255642,256695,256721],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[256702,256742],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[255635,255768,255677,256067,256134],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[256281,256445],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[256575],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":16},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","computer.rs"],"content":"use crate::chip8::delay_timer::DelayTimer;\nuse crate::chip8::keypad::Keypad;\nuse crate::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode;\nuse crate::chip8::registers::Chip8Registers;\nuse crate::chip8::sound_timer::SoundTimer;\nuse crate::chip8::stack::Chip8Stack;\nuse log::debug;\nuse serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};\n\nuse super::{\n    cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates, instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions,\n    system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory, video::Chip8Video,\n};\n\n#[derive(Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]\npub struct Chip8Computer {\n    pub num_cycles: i32,\n    pub memory: Chip8SystemMemory,\n    pub registers: Chip8Registers,\n    pub sound_timer: SoundTimer,\n    pub delay_timer: DelayTimer,\n    pub video_memory: Chip8Video,\n    pub state: Chip8CpuStates,\n    pub keypad: Keypad,\n    pub stack: Chip8Stack,\n    pub quirk_mode: QuirkMode,\n}\nimpl Default for Chip8Computer {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            num_cycles: 0,\n            memory: Chip8SystemMemory::default(),\n            video_memory: Chip8Video::default(),\n            registers: Chip8Registers::default(),\n            sound_timer: SoundTimer::new(),\n            delay_timer: DelayTimer::new(),\n            state: Chip8CpuStates::default(),\n            keypad: Keypad::default(),\n            stack: Chip8Stack::default(),\n            quirk_mode: QuirkMode::default(),\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Computer {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.video_memory.reset();\n        self.num_cycles = 0;\n        self.registers.reset();\n        self.delay_timer.reset();\n        self.sound_timer.reset();\n        self.stack.reset();\n        self.memory.reset();\n        self.quirk_mode = QuirkMode::Chip8;\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_keypad_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.keypad.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_registers_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.registers.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_video_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.clone().video_memory.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn new_with_program(new_program: Vec\u003cu16\u003e) -\u003e Self {\n        let mut working = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n        for (i, \u0026word) in new_program.iter().enumerate() {\n            let high = (word \u003e\u003e 8) as u8;\n            let low = (word \u0026 0xff) as u8;\n            let base_offset = (i * 2) as u16;\n            working.memory.poke(base_offset, high);\n            working.memory.poke(base_offset + 1, low);\n        }\n        working\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Computer::default()\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_bytes_to_memory(\u0026mut self, offset: u16, to_load: \u0026Vec\u003cu8\u003e) {\n        let total_len = to_load.len() as u16;\n        for current_index in 0..total_len {\n            let new_value = to_load[current_index as usize];\n            let new_location = current_index + offset;\n            self.memory.poke(new_location, new_value);\n        }\n        self.registers.set_pc(offset);\n    }\n\n    pub fn step_system(\u0026mut self) -\u003e \u0026mut Chip8Computer {\n        println!(\"Stepping System 1 Step\");\n        // read the next instruction\n        let local_memory = \u0026self.memory;\n\n        //    let mut working_instruction: u16 = 0b0000000000000000;\n        let start_pc = self.registers.peek_pc();\n        let high_byte = (local_memory.peek(start_pc) as u16).rotate_left(8);\n        let low_byte = local_memory.peek(start_pc + 1) as u16;\n        let result = high_byte | low_byte;\n        let decoded_instruction = Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(result, \u0026self.quirk_mode);\n        // todo: THIS IS BAD AND IS A SIDE EFFECT\n        decoded_instruction.execute(self);\n\n        match self.state {\n            Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction =\u003e {\n                println!(\"Ticking sound, delay, video\");\n                self.sound_timer.tick();\n                self.delay_timer.tick();\n                self.video_memory.tick();\n                self.num_cycles += 1;\n            }\n            Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey =\u003e {\n                debug!(\"waiting for a key press...\");\n            }\n            _ =\u003e {}\n        }\n        self\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":29,"address":[3509635,3509168],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":32,"address":[681889],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":8}},{"line":33,"address":[729327],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":34,"address":[1124424],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":35,"address":[558462],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":36,"address":[558477],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":37,"address":[256864],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":38,"address":[682060],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":39,"address":[597467],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":40,"address":[1538690],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":46,"address":[729792],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":47,"address":[1124845],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":48,"address":[3509691],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":49,"address":[597794],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":50,"address":[682416],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":51,"address":[1539038],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":52,"address":[597836],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":53,"address":[558906],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":54,"address":[729892],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":57,"address":[3509792],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":58,"address":[808529],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":61,"address":[682544],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":62,"address":[597953],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":65,"address":[559156,559040],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":66,"address":[808637],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":69,"address":[559184,559838],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[730182],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[257913,257673,257612],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[1125661],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[730639],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[1539839,1539903],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[559722],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[1125784],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[1539711],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[1540032],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":8}},{"line":82,"address":[1125896],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":12}},{"line":85,"address":[730880],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":86,"address":[809517],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":87,"address":[598904,598990],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":88,"address":[599005],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":89,"address":[3510950,3511001],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":90,"address":[1540296],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":92,"address":[809591],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":95,"address":[3511024],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":96,"address":[1540356],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":98,"address":[731206],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":101,"address":[809806],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":102,"address":[683818,683881],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":103,"address":[258639,258817],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":104,"address":[560403],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":105,"address":[560419],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":107,"address":[731431],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":109,"address":[1126514],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":110,"address":[3511563],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":111,"address":[3511408],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":112,"address":[1540760],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":113,"address":[810183],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":114,"address":[684182],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":115,"address":[258928,259003,258995],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":118,"address":[684213,684316],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}}],"covered":51,"coverable":60},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","computer_manager.rs"],"content":"use std::thread;\nuse std::thread::sleep;\nuse std::time::{Duration, Instant};\nuse crate::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates;\nuse crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction;\npub enum ManagerDumpables {\n    Video,\n    Registers,\n    Keyboard\n}\n\npub struct Chip8ComputerManager {\n    core_should_run: bool,\n    one_step: bool,\n    core_cycle_timer: bool,\n    core_last_cycle_start: Instant,\n    computer: Chip8Computer\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8ComputerManager {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8ComputerManager {\n            core_should_run: false,\n            one_step: false,\n            core_cycle_timer: false,\n            core_last_cycle_start: Instant::now()   ,\n            computer: Chip8Computer::new()\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8ComputerManager {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.one_step = false;\n        self.core_should_run = false;\n        self.computer.reset();\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Chip8ComputerManager {\n        let core_handle = thread::spawn(move || {\n           loop {\n               let start_time = Instant::now();\n               let sleep_time = Instant::now().duration_since(start_time).as_millis();\n               sleep(Duration::from_millis((16 - sleep_time) as u64));\n           }\n        });\n\n        Chip8ComputerManager::default()\n    }\n\n    pub fn start(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.core_should_run = true;\n    }\n\n    pub fn stop(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.core_should_run = false\n    }\n\n    pub fn step(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.one_step = true;\n    }\n\n    pub fn state(\u0026mut self) -\u003e \u0026Chip8Computer {\n        \u0026self.computer\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick( \u0026mut self) -\u003e bool {\n     //   println!(\"STARTING TICK\");\n        let mut did_tick: bool = false;\n        if self.one_step | self.core_should_run  {\n            if let WaitingForInstruction = self.computer.state {\n                self.core_last_cycle_start = Instant::now();\n                self.computer.step_system();\n                did_tick = true\n             //   println!(\"SYSTEM STEP\");\n            }\n        };\n        if self.one_step {\n            println!(\"SYSTEM HALTED AFTER 1 STEP\");\n            // stop the CPU for the next cycle, we are only\n            // wanting one step.\n            self.one_step = false;\n            did_tick = true;\n        }\n        did_tick\n    }\n\n    pub fn press_key(\u0026mut self, key_index: u8) {\n        self.computer.keypad.push_key(key_index);\n        if matches!(self.computer.state, Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey) {\n            self.computer.state = WaitingForInstruction\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn release_key(\u0026mut self, key_index: u8) {\n        self.computer.keypad.release_key(key_index);\n    }\n\n    pub fn sound(managed: \u0026Chip8ComputerManager) -\u003e bool {\n        managed.computer.sound_timer.current() \u003e 0\n    }\n\n    pub fn wait_for_instruction(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.computer.state = WaitingForInstruction;\n    }\n\n    pub fn is_key_pressed(\u0026self, key_index: u8) -\u003e bool {\n        self.computer.keypad.pressed(key_index)\n    }\n\n    pub fn num_cycles(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        self.computer.num_cycles\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_new_program_to_system_memory(\u0026mut self, bytes_to_load: Vec\u003cu8\u003e) {\n        self.reset();\n        self.computer.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026bytes_to_load);\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_to_string(\u0026self, dump_type: ManagerDumpables) -\u003e String {\n        match dump_type {\n            ManagerDumpables::Video =\u003e {\n                self.computer.video_memory.format_as_string()\n            }\n            ManagerDumpables::Registers =\u003e {\n                self.computer.registers.format_as_string()\n            }\n            ManagerDumpables::Keyboard =\u003e {\n                self.computer.keypad.format_as_string()\n            }\n        }\n    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serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy, Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]\npub enum Chip8CpuStates {\n    #[default]\n    WaitingForInstruction,\n    WaitingForKey,\n    ExecutingInstruction,\n    Error,\n}\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","delay_timer.rs"],"content":"use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy, Serialize, Deserialize)]\npub struct DelayTimer {\n    counter: u8,\n}\n\nimpl Default for DelayTimer {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self::new()\n    }\n}\n\nimpl DelayTimer {\n    pub fn current(\u0026self) -\u003e u8 {\n        self.counter\n    }\n\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        DelayTimer { counter: 0xff }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.counter = 0xff;\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_timer(\u0026mut self, new_value: u8) {\n        self.counter = new_value\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        if self.counter \u003e 0 {\n            self.counter -= 1;\n        }\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":9,"address":[3512528],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":10,"address":[600625],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":15,"address":[1127680],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":16,"address":[645509],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":23,"address":[561696],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":24,"address":[645541],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":27,"address":[40268736],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":28,"address":[3512604],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":31,"address":[600704],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":32,"address":[638807,638766],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":8}},{"line":33,"address":[240909,240937],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}}],"covered":11,"coverable":11},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","instructions.rs"],"content":"use crate::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey;\nuse crate::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::*;\nuse crate::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode;\nuse crate::chip8::util::InstructionUtil;\nuse crate::constants::*;\nuse log::debug;\nuse rand::Rng;\nuse serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};\nuse std::fmt::{Debug, Display, Formatter};\nuse std::ops::BitAnd;\nuse std::time::Instant;\n\n/*\nnnn or addr - A 12-bit value, the lowest 12 bits of the instruction\nn or nibble - A 4-bit value, the lowest 4 bits of the instruction\nx - A 4-bit value, the lower 4 bits of the high byte of the instruction\ny - A 4-bit value, the upper 4 bits of the low byte of the instruction\nkk or byte - An 8-bit value, the lowest 8 bits of the instruction\n */\n\n#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]\npub enum Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    /// 0nnn\n    /// Exit to System Call at nnn\n    SYS(u16),\n    /// 00E0\n    /// Clear the display.\n    CLS,\n    /// 00EE\n    /// Return from a subroutine.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter sets the program counter to the address at the top of the stack,\n    /// then subtracts 1 from the stack pointer.\n    RET,\n    /// 1nnn\n    /// Jump to location nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter sets the program counter to nnn.\n    JPA(u16),\n    /// 2nnn\n    /// Call subroutine at nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter increments the stack pointer, then puts the current PC on the top\n    /// of the stack. The PC is then set to nnn.\n    CALL(u16),\n    /// 0x3xkk\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are equal, increments the\n    /// program counter by 2.\n    SEX(u8, u8),\n    /// 4xkk\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx != kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are not equal, increments\n    /// the program counter by 2.\n    SNEB(u8, u8),\n    /// 5xy0\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx = Vy.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to register Vy, and if they are equal, increments\n    /// the program counter by 2.\n    SEY(u8, u8),\n    /// 6xkk\n    /// Set Vx = kk\n    LDR(u8, u8),\n    /// 7xkk\n    /// The interpreter puts the value kk into register Vx.\n    ADD(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy0\n    /// Adds the value kk to the value of register Vx, then stores the result in Vx.\n    LDRY(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy1\n    /// Stores the value of register Vy in register Vx.\n    OR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy2\n    /// Set Vx = Vx OR Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise OR on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the result in Vx.\n    /// A bitwise OR compares the corrseponding bits from two values, and if either\n    /// bit is 1, then the same bit in the result is also 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    AND(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy3\n    /// Set Vx = Vx AND Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise AND on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the result in Vx.\n    /// A bitwise AND compares the corrseponding bits from two values, and if both bits\n    /// are 1, then the same bit in the result is also 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    ORY(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy4\n    /// Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise exclusive OR on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the\n    /// result in Vx. An exclusive OR compares the corrseponding bits from two values,\n    /// and if the bits are not both the same, then the corresponding bit in the result\n    /// is set to 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    ADDR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy5\n    /// Set Vx = Vx + Vy, set VF = carry.\n    ///\n    /// The values of Vx and Vy are added together. If the result is greater than 8 bits\n    /// (i.e., \u003e 255,) VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Only the lowest 8 bits of the result\n    /// are kept, and stored in Vx.\n    SUB(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy6\n    /// Set Vx = Vx - Vy, set VF = NOT borrow.\n    ///\n    /// If Vx \u003e Vy, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vy is subtracted from Vx, and the\n    /// results stored in Vx.\n    SHR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy7\n    /// If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx\n    /// is divided by 2.\n    SUBC(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xye\n    /// Set Vx = Vy - Vx, set VF = NOT borrow.\n    //\n    /// If Vy \u003e Vx, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is subtracted from Vy, and the\n    /// results stored in Vx.\n    SHL(u8, u8),\n    /// 9xy0\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx != Vy.\n    ///\n    /// The values of Vx and Vy are compared, and if they are not equal, the program\n    /// counter is increased by 2.\n    SNEY(u8, u8),\n    /// Annn\n    /// Set I = nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The value of register I is set to nnn\n    LDIA(u16),\n    /// Bnnn\n    /// Jump to location nnn + V0.\n    ///\n    /// The program counter is set to nnn plus the value of V0.\n    JPI(u16),\n    /// Cxkk\n    /// Set Vx = random byte AND kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter generates a random number from 0 to 255, which is then\n    /// ANDed with the value kk. The results are stored in Vx. See instruction\n    /// 8xy2 for more information on AND.\n    RND(u8, u8),\n    /// Dxyn\n    /// Display n-byte sprite starting at memory location I at (Vx, Vy), set VF = collision.\n    ///\n    /// In Chip-8,\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter reads n bytes from memory, starting at the address stored in I.\n    /// These bytes are then displayed as sprites on screen at coordinates (Vx, Vy).\n    /// Sprites are XORed onto the existing screen. If this causes any pixels to be erased,\n    /// VF is set to 1, otherwise it is set to 0. If the sprite is positioned so part of\n    /// it is outside the coordinates of the display, it wraps around to the opposite side\n    /// of the screen. See instruction 8xy3 for more information on XOR, and section 2.4,\n    /// Display, for more information on the Chip-8 screen and sprites.\n    ///\n    /// In SCHIP\n    ///\n    /// Show N-byte sprite from M(I) at Coords (VX,VY) VF = Collision.\n    /// If N=0 AND ExtendedMode, 16x16 sprite\n    DRW(u8, u8, u8),\n    /// Ex9E\n    /// Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n    ///\n    /// Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently\n    /// in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n    SKP(u8),\n    /// ExA1\n    /// Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n    ///\n    /// Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in\n    /// the up position, PC is increased by 2.\n    /// On XO Chip, Skips 2 more bytes when the instruction is 4 bytes long\n    SKNP(u8),\n    /// Fx07\n    /// The value of DT is placed into Vx.\n    LDRD(u8),\n    /// Fx0A\n    /// Wait for a key press, store the value of the key in Vx.\n    ///\n    /// All execution stops until a key is pressed, then the value of that key is stored in Vx.\n    LDRK(u8),\n    /// Fx15\n    /// Set delay timer = Vx.\n    ///\n    /// DT is set equal to the value of Vx.\n    LDD(u8), // 0xFx15 Set Delay Timer\n    /// Fx18\n    /// Set sound timer = Vx.\n    ///\n    /// ST is set equal to the value of Vx.\n    LDIS(u8),\n    /// Fx1E - ADD I, Vx\n    /// Set I = I + Vx.\n    ///\n    /// The values of I and Vx are added, and the results are stored in I.\n    ADDI(u8),\n    /// Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n    /// Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n    ///\n    /// The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite\n    /// corresponding to the value of Vx. See section 2.4, Display, for\n    /// more information on the Chip-8 hexadecimal font.\n    LDFX(u8),\n    /// Fx33 - LD B, Vx\n    /// Store BCD representation of Vx in memory locations I, I+1, and I+2.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter takes the decimal value of Vx, and places the hundreds\n    /// digit in memory at location in I, the tens digit at location I+1, and the\n    /// ones digit at location I+2.\n    BCD(u8),\n    /// Fx55 - LD [I], Vx\n    /// Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter copies the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n    /// starting at the address in I.\n    LDIX(u8),\n    /// Fx65 - LD Vx, [I]\n    /// Read registers V0 through Vx from memory starting at location I.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter reads values from memory starting at location I into registers\n    /// V0 through Vx.\n    LDRI(u8),\n    XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n    // 00Dn - CHIP8 - SCHIP * XOCHIP\n    /* START OF SCHIP-8 */\n    /// 00CN - CHIP8 * SCHIP * XOCHIP\n    ///\n    /// Scrolll Display N Lines Down\n    SCD(u8),\n    /// 00FB\n    ///\n    /// Scroll 4 lines Right\n    SCR,\n    /// 00FC\n    ///\n    /// Scroll 4 lines Left\n    SCL,\n    /// 00FE\n    ///\n    /// Disable Extended Mode\n    LOW,\n    /// 00FF\n    ///\n    /// Enable Extended Mode\n    HIGH,\n    /// 00FD\n    ///\n    /// Exit App\n    EXIT,\n    /// FX30\n    ///\n    /// Point I to 10 yte font sprite for digit VX (0..9)\n    LDF2(u8),\n    /// FX75\n    ///\n    /// Store V0..VX in RPL user flags (X \u003c= 7\n    STR(u8),\n    /// FX85\n    ///\n    /// Load V0..VX from RPL user flags (X \u003c= 7)\n    LIDR(u8),\n    /// 0xBxNN\n    ///\n    /// Jump to Address XNN+Vx\n    JPX(u8, u16),\n    /// 0x00Cn\n    ///\n    /// scroll screen content down N pixel, in XO-CHIP only selected bit\n    /// planes are scrolled (Quirks are HP48 specific)\n    SCU(u8),\n}\n\nimpl Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    pub fn name(\u0026self) -\u003e \u0026str {\n        match self {\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(_) =\u003e INST_ADDI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(_, _) =\u003e INST_ADD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(_, _) =\u003e INST_ADDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(_, _) =\u003e INST_AND,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e INST_CLS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(_) =\u003e INST_CALL,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(_, _, _) =\u003e INST_DRW,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT =\u003e INST_EXIT,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(_) =\u003e INST_JPA,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(_) =\u003e INST_JPI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(_) =\u003e INST_BCD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(_) =\u003e INST_LDD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(_) =\u003e INST_LDF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(_) =\u003e INST_LDF2,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(_) =\u003e INST_LDIA,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(_) =\u003e INST_LDIX,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(_) =\u003e INST_LIDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(_) =\u003e INST_LDIS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(_, _) =\u003e INST_LDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(_) =\u003e INST_LDRD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(_) =\u003e INST_LDRI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(_) =\u003e INST_LDRK,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(_, _) =\u003e INST_LDRY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(_, _) =\u003e INST_OR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e INST_RET,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(_, _) =\u003e INST_RND,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(_) =\u003e INST_SCD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL =\u003e INST_SCL,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR =\u003e INST_SCR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(_, _) =\u003e INST_SEX,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(_, _) =\u003e INST_SEY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(_, _) =\u003e INST_SHL,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(_, _) =\u003e INST_SHR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(_) =\u003e INST_SKP,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(_, _) =\u003e INST_SNEB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(_, _) =\u003e INST_SNEY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(_) =\u003e INST_SKNP,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(_) =\u003e INST_STR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(_, _) =\u003e INST_SUB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(_, _) =\u003e INST_SUBC,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(_) =\u003e INST_SYS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LOW =\u003e INST_LOW,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH =\u003e INST_HIGH,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(_, _) =\u003e INST_ORY,\n            JPX(_, _) =\u003e INST_JPX,\n            XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e \"XX ERROR XX\",\n            SCU(_) =\u003e INST_SCU,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn operands(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        match self {\n            JPX(x, addr) =\u003e {\n                let addr_for_display = (*x as u16) \u003c\u003c 8 | *addr;\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}, 0x{addr_for_display:04x}\")\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(addr)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(addr)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(addr) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{addr:04x}\")\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(x, byte)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(x, byte)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(x, byte)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x, byte)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}, 0x{byte:02x}\")\n            }\n            // Reg, Reg\n            SEY(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:01x}, 0x{y:01x}\")\n            }\n            // Reg, Reg, Nibble\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x, y, nibble) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}, 0x{y:02x}, 0x{nibble:02x}\")\n            }\n            // Registers.  0-F\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCU(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}\")\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LOW\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e String::new(),\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Display for Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    fn fmt(\u0026self, f: \u0026mut Formatter\u003c'_\u003e) -\u003e std::fmt::Result {\n        let ops = self.operands();\n        let space = if ops.is_empty() { \"\" } else { \" \" };\n        write!(f, \"{}{}{}\", self.name(), space, ops)\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    pub fn from_str(input: \u0026str) -\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions {\n        let mut parts = input.split(\" \");\n        //  print!(\"THERE ARE {} PARTS\", parts.clone().count());\n        let first_part = parts.next().unwrap_or(\"\");\n        // take the next value...\n        // ...strip off the extra...\n        // ...convert it to an integer from base 16\n        let param1 = u16::from_str_radix(\n            parts\n                .next()\n                .unwrap_or(\"0\")\n                .trim_start_matches(\"0x\")\n                .trim_end_matches(\",\"),\n            16,\n        )\n        .unwrap_or(0);\n        let param2 = u16::from_str_radix(\n            parts\n                .next()\n                .unwrap_or(\"0\")\n                .trim_start_matches(\"0x\")\n                .trim_end_matches(\",\"),\n            16,\n        )\n        .unwrap_or(0);\n        let param3 = u16::from_str_radix(\n            parts\n                .next()\n                .unwrap_or(\"0\")\n                .trim_start_matches(\"0x\")\n                .trim_end_matches(\",\"),\n            16,\n        )\n        .unwrap_or(0);\n        //  println!(\"\\tFirst part is {:?} / {:?} / {:?} / {:?}\", first_part, param1 ,param2 ,param3);\n        match first_part {\n            INST_ADDI =\u003e ADDI(param1 as u8),\n            INST_ADD =\u003e ADD(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_CLS =\u003e CLS,\n            INST_DRW =\u003e DRW(param1 as u8, param2 as u8, param3 as u8),\n            INST_CALL =\u003e CALL(param1),\n            INST_SYS =\u003e SYS(param1),\n            INST_RET =\u003e RET,\n            INST_JPA =\u003e JPA(param1),\n            INST_JPI =\u003e JPI(param1),\n            INST_SEX =\u003e SEX(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SNEB =\u003e SNEB(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SCD =\u003e SCD(param1 as u8),\n            INST_STR =\u003e STR(param1 as u8),\n            INST_SCL =\u003e SCL,\n            INST_EXIT =\u003e EXIT,\n            INST_LOW =\u003e LOW,\n            INST_HIGH =\u003e HIGH,\n            INST_SEY =\u003e SEY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_LDRY =\u003e LDRY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_LDR =\u003e LDR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_OR =\u003e OR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_AND =\u003e AND(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_ORY =\u003e ORY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_ADDR =\u003e ADDR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SUB =\u003e SUB(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SHR =\u003e SHR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SHL =\u003e SHL(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SUBC =\u003e SUBC(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SNEY =\u003e SNEY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_LDIA =\u003e LDIA(param1),\n            INST_RND =\u003e RND(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SKP =\u003e SKP(param1 as u8),\n            INST_SKNP =\u003e SKNP(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDRD =\u003e LDRD(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDRK =\u003e LDRK(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDRI =\u003e LDRI(param1 as u8),\n            INST_BCD =\u003e BCD(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDF =\u003e LDFX(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDF2 =\u003e LDF2(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDIX =\u003e LDIX(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LIDR =\u003e LIDR(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDIS =\u003e LDIS(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDD =\u003e LDD(param1 as u8),\n            INST_JPX =\u003e JPX(param1 as u8, param2),\n            _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn encode(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        match self {\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(target) =\u003e target \u0026 0x0FFF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e 0x00E0,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e 0x00EE,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(new_addr) =\u003e 0x1000 | (new_addr \u0026 0x0FFF),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(address) =\u003e 0x2000 | (address \u0026 0x0FFF),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                0x3000 | ((*vx_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                0x4000 | ((*vx_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x5000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(x_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                0x6000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(x_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                0x7000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8001 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8002 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8003 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8004 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8005 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8006 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8007 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x800E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x9000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr) =\u003e 0xA000 | addr,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr) =\u003e 0xB000 | addr,\n            JPX(x_register, addr) =\u003e (0xb000 | (*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | *addr,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                0xC000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, height) =\u003e {\n                0xD000\n                    | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8)\n                    | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n                    | (*height as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x_register) =\u003e 0xE09E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x_register) =\u003e 0xE0A1 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF007 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x_register) =\u003e 0xF00A | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF015 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(x_register) =\u003e 0xF018 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x_register) =\u003e 0xF01E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x_register) =\u003e 0xF029 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF033 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x_register) =\u003e 0xF055 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(x_register) =\u003e 0xF065 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(x_register) =\u003e 0x00C0 | (*x_register as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR =\u003e 0x00FB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL =\u003e 0x00FC,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LOW =\u003e 0x00FE,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH =\u003e 0x00FF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT =\u003e 0x00FD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(x_register) =\u003e 0xF030 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(x_register) =\u003e 0xF075 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(x_register) =\u003e 0xF085 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e 0xFFFF,\n            SCU(x_register) =\u003e 0x00D0 | (*x_register as u16),\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn decode(input: u16, quirk_mode: \u0026QuirkMode) -\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions {\n        let x_param = InstructionUtil::read_x_from_instruction(input);\n        let y_param = InstructionUtil::read_y_from_instruction(input);\n        let addr_param = InstructionUtil::read_addr_from_instruction(input);\n        let byte_param = InstructionUtil::read_byte_from_instruction(input);\n        let nibble_param = InstructionUtil::read_nibble_from_instruction(input);\n        let ubln = InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(input);\n        let last_byte = (input \u0026 0xFF) as u8;\n        let last_nibble = (input \u0026 0xF) as u8;\n\n        match input {\n            0x00C0..=0x00CF =\u003e match quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                QuirkMode::XOChip =\u003e SCD(last_nibble),\n                QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e SCD(last_nibble),\n            },\n            0x00E0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS,\n            0x00EE =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::RET,\n            0x00FB =\u003e {\n                match quirk_mode {\n                    QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                        // does not exist on Chip8\n                        XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n                    }\n                    QuirkMode::XOChip =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR,\n                    QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR,\n                }\n            }\n            0x00FC =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL,\n            0x00FD =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT,\n            0x00FE =\u003e match quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e LOW,\n            },\n            0x00FF =\u003e match quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e HIGH,\n            },\n            0x0000..=0x0FFF =\u003e match quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(addr_param),\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n            0x1000..=0x1FFF =\u003e JPA(addr_param),\n            0x2000..=0x2FFF =\u003e CALL(addr_param),\n            0x3000..=0x3FFF =\u003e SEX(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x4000..=0x4FFF =\u003e SNEB(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x5000..=0x5FF0 if input \u0026 0x01 == 0 =\u003e SEY(x_param, y_param),\n            0x6000..=0x6FFF =\u003e LDR(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x7000..=0x7FFF =\u003e ADD(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x8000..=0x8FFE =\u003e match last_nibble {\n                0x0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(x_param, y_param),\n                0x1 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x2 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x_param, y_param),\n                0x3 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x_param, y_param),\n                0x4 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x5 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x_param, y_param),\n                0x6 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x7 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x_param, y_param),\n                0xE =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x_param, y_param),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n            0x9000..=0x9FF0 if input \u0026 0x01 == 0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x_param, y_param),\n            0xA000..=0xAFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr_param),\n            0xB000..=0xBFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr_param),\n            0xC000..=0xCFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x_param, byte_param),\n            0xD000..=0xDFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_param, y_param, nibble_param),\n            0xE09E..=0xEFA1 =\u003e match last_byte {\n                0x9E =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(ubln),\n                0xA1 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(ubln),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n            0xF007..=0xFF65 =\u003e match last_byte {\n                0x07 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(ubln),\n                0x0A =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(ubln),\n                0x15 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(ubln),\n                0x18 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(ubln),\n                0x1E =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(ubln),\n                0x29 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(ubln),\n                0x30 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(ubln),\n                0x33 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(ubln),\n                0x55 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(ubln),\n                0x65 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(ubln),\n                0x75 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(ubln),\n                0x85 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(ubln),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n            _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn execute(\u0026self, input: \u0026mut Chip8Computer) -\u003e Chip8Computer {\n        //        print!(\"INSTRUCTION {}\", self);\n        let start_time = Instant::now();\n        let start_pc = input.registers.peek_pc();\n        input.registers.poke_pc(start_pc + 2);\n        match self {\n            // 0x0nnn Exit to System Call\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(new_address) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address);\n            }\n            // * 0x00E0 Clear Screen\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e {\n                input.video_memory.cls();\n            }\n            // 0x00EE Return from Subroutine\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(input.stack.pop());\n            }\n            // 0x1nnn Jump to Address\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(new_address) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address);\n            }\n            // 0x2nnn Call Subroutine\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(new_address) =\u003e {\n                let return_address = input.registers.peek_pc();\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address);\n                input.stack.push(\u0026return_address);\n            }\n            // 0x3xkk Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                if input.registers.peek(*vx_register) == { *byte } {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x4xkk Skip next instruction if Vx != kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                // 4xkk - SNE Vx, byte\n                // Skip next instruction if Vx != kk.\n                //\n                // The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are not equal,\n                // increments the program counter by 2.\n                if input.registers.peek(*x) != *byte {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x5xy0 Skip next instruction if Vx == Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                if input.registers.peek(*x) == input.registers.peek(*y) {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x6xkk Set Vx = kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(register, byte) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(*register, *byte);\n            }\n            // 0x7xkk Set Vx = Vx + kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(\n                    *vx_register,\n                    (input.registers.peek(*vx_register) as u16 + *byte as u16) as u8,\n                );\n            }\n            // 0x8xy0 Set value of Vy in Vx\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(*x, input.registers.peek(*y));\n            }\n            // 0x8xy1 Set Vx = Vx OR Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // shift them to 16 bit\n                let working_16_x = input.registers.peek(*x) as u16;\n                let working_16_y = input.registers.peek(*y) as u16;\n                // OR them\n                let working_16_or = working_16_x | working_16_y;\n                // shift them back to 8 bit.\n                input.registers.poke(*x, working_16_or as u8);\n                // reset of VF quirk\n                input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                debug!(\"OrVxVy [0x{x:1x}] [0x{y:1x}]\")\n            }\n            // 0x8xy2 Set Vx = Vx AND Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*x) as u16;\n                let rhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*y) as u16;\n                // reset of VF quirk\n                input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                input.registers.poke(*x, (lhs_16 \u0026 rhs_16) as u8);\n            }\n            // 0x8xy3 Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*x) as u16;\n                let rhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*y) as u16;\n                // reset of VF quirk\n                input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                input.registers.poke(*x, (lhs_16 ^ rhs_16) as u8);\n            }\n            // 0x8xy4 Set Vx = Vx + Vy (SET VF on Carry)\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs = input.registers.peek(*x) as i16;\n                let rhs = input.registers.peek(*y) as i16;\n                let working = lhs + rhs;\n                input.registers.poke(*x, working as u8);\n\n                if working \u003e= 0x100 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0xf, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy5 - SUB Vx, Vy\n                // Set Vx = Vx - Vy, set VF = NOT borrow.\n                //\n                // If Vx \u003e Vy, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vy is subtracted from Vx, and the results stored in Vx.\n\n                let lhs = input.registers.peek(*x);\n                let rhs = input.registers.peek(*y);\n\n                let mut result = 0;\n\n                let borrow_flag: u8 = if rhs \u003e lhs {\n                    result = (lhs as u16 + 0x100) - rhs as u16;\n                    0\n                } else {\n                    result = lhs as u16 - rhs as u16;\n                    1\n                };\n\n                input.registers.poke(*x, result as u8);\n                input.registers.poke(0x0f, borrow_flag);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x, _) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy6 - SHR Vx {, Vy}\n                // Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n                // SHIFT 1 Bit ----\u003e\n                // If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n                let initial_value = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                // overflow check\n                let rotated = initial_value \u003e\u003e 1;\n                input.registers.poke(*x, rotated);\n                if initial_value.bitand(0b1) == 1 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy7 - SUBN Vx, Vy\n                // Set Vx = Vy - Vx, set VF = NOT borrow.\n                //\n                // If Vy \u003e Vx, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is subtracted from Vy, and the results stored in Vx.\n                let y_register = input.registers.peek(*y);\n                let x_register = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                let (new_value, value_to_poke) = if y_register \u003c x_register {\n                    (0, (y_register as u16 + 256) - x_register as u16)\n                } else {\n                    (1, (y_register - x_register) as u16)\n                };\n                input.registers.poke(*x, value_to_poke as u8);\n                input.registers.poke(0xf, new_value);\n            }\n\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x, _) =\u003e {\n                // 8xyE - SHL Vx {, Vy}\n                // Set Vx = Vx SHL 1.\n                //\n                // If the most-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise to 0. Then Vx is multiplied by 2.\n                let initial_value = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                // overflow check\n                let rotated = initial_value \u003c\u003c 1;\n                input.registers.poke(*x, rotated);\n                if initial_value.bitand(0b10000000) == 0b10000000 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(vx_register, vy_register) =\u003e {\n                // 9xy0 - SNE Vx, Vy\n                // Skip next instruction if Vx != Vy.\n                //\n                // The values of Vx and Vy are compared, and if they are not equal, the program counter is increased by 2.\n\n                let x_reg_value = input.registers.peek(*vx_register);\n                let y_reg_value = input.registers.peek(*vy_register);\n                if x_reg_value != y_reg_value {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(new_index) =\u003e {\n                // Annn - LD I, addr\n                // Set I = nnn.\n                //\n                // The value of register I is set to nnn.\n                //  debug!(\"LdiAddr [0x{new_index:3x}]\");\n                input.registers.poke_i(*new_index);\n            }\n            // 0xBnnn Jump to nnn+V0\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr) =\u003e {\n                // Bnnn - JP V0, addr\n                // Jump to location nnn + V0.\n                //\n                // The program counter is set to nnn plus the value of V0.\n                input\n                    .registers\n                    .poke_pc(input.registers.peek(0) as u16 + addr);\n            }\n            // 0xBxnn Jump to Xnn+Vx\n            JPX(vx_register, addr) =\u003e {\n                let x_reg_value: u16 = input.registers.peek(*vx_register) as u16;\n                let shifted_x_reg = x_reg_value \u003c\u003c 8;\n                let added_addr = shifted_x_reg | addr;\n                let final_addr = added_addr + shifted_x_reg;\n                println!(\"JPX -\u003e {x_reg_value:02x} {shifted_x_reg:04x} {added_addr:04x} {final_addr:04x}\");\n                input.registers.poke_i(final_addr);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                // Cxkk - RND Vx, byte\n                // Set Vx = random byte AND kk.\n                //\n                // The interpreter generates a random number from 0 to 255,\n                // which is then ANDed with the value kk.\n                // The results are stored in Vx.\n                let mut rng = rand::thread_rng();\n                let new_value: u8 = rng.random();\n                let and_value: u8 = *byte;\n                let result = new_value \u0026 and_value;\n                debug!(\"RANDOM: [{new_value:02x}] AND: [{and_value:02x} Result: [{result:02x}]\");\n                input.registers.poke(*x, new_value \u0026 { *byte })\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(y, x, n) =\u003e {\n                // Display n-byte sprite starting at memory location I at (Vx, Vy), set VF = collision.\n\n                // The interpreter reads n bytes from memory, starting at the address stored in I.\n\n                // These bytes are then displayed as sprites on screen at coordinates (Vx, Vy).\n                // Sprites are XORed onto the existing screen.\n                // If this causes any pixels to be erased, VF is set to 1,\n                //     otherwise it is set to 0.\n                // If the sprite is positioned so part of it is outside the coordinates of the display,\n                //     it wraps around to the opposite side of the screen.\n\n                let source_memory_offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                let x_offset = input.registers.peek(*x) as u16;\n                let y_offset = input.registers.peek(*y) as u16;\n                if input.video_memory.is_highres() {\n                    // if n == 0 we have a 16 row sprite (font maybe)\n                    let actual_num_loops = if *n == 0u8 { 16 } else { *n };\n                    for byte_index in 0..actual_num_loops {\n                        let current_byte =\n                            input.memory.peek(byte_index as u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let next_byte = input\n                            .memory\n                            .peek(byte_index as u16 + 1u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let x_offset = (x_offset + byte_index as u16) * 64;\n                        for bit_index in 0..8 {\n                            input.video_memory.poke(\n                                x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16),\n                                (current_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0,\n                            );\n                            input.video_memory.poke(\n                                x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16) + 8,\n                                (next_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0,\n                            );\n                        }\n                    }\n                } else {\n                    for byte_index in 0..*n {\n                        let current_byte =\n                            input.memory.peek(byte_index as u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let x_offset: u16 = (x_offset + byte_index as u16) * 64;\n                        for bit_index in 0..8 {\n                            input.video_memory.poke(\n                                x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16),\n                                (current_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0,\n                            );\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n\n                let target = if input.video_memory.has_frame_changed {\n                    1u8\n                } else {\n                    0u8\n                };\n\n                input.registers.poke(0xf, target);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x) =\u003e {\n                // Ex9E - SKP Vx\n                // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n                //\n                // Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n                let key_to_check = input.registers.peek(*x);\n                let is_pressed = input.keypad.pressed(key_to_check);\n                if is_pressed {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x) =\u003e {\n                // ExA1 - SKNP Vx\n                // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n                //\n\n                // Checks the keyboard,\n                // and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the up position,\n                // PC is increased by 2.\n                let target_key = input.registers.peek(*x);\n                let is_pressed = input.keypad.pressed(target_key);\n                debug!(\"SnKpVx [{x:1x}]\");\n                if !is_pressed {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx07 - LD Vx, DT\n                // Set Vx = delay timer value.\n                //\n                // The value of DT is placed into Vx.\n                let value_to_set = input.delay_timer.current();\n                input.registers.poke(*x, value_to_set);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx0A - LD Vx, K\n                // Wait for a key press, store the value of the key in Vx.\n                //\n                // All execution stops until a key is pressed, then the value of that key is stored in Vx.\n                input.state = WaitingForKey;\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(source_register) =\u003e {\n                // Fx15 - LD DT, Vx\n                // Set delay timer = Vx.\n                //\n                // DT is set equal to the value of Vx.\n                let new_time = input.registers.peek(*source_register);\n                input.delay_timer.set_timer(new_time);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(new_time) =\u003e {\n                let new_value = input.registers.peek(*new_time);\n                input.sound_timer.set_timer(new_value as i32);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx1E - ADD I, Vx\n                // Set I = I + Vx.\n                //\n                // The values of I and Vx are added, and the results are stored in I.\n                let base = input.registers.peek_i();\n                let x_value = input.registers.peek(*x);\n                input.registers.poke_i(base + x_value as u16);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n                // Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n                //\n                // The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite corresponding\n                // to the value of Vx. See section 2.4, Display, for more information on\n                // the Chip-8 hexadecimal font.\n\n                let x_value: u8 = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                let real_offset = x_value as u16 * 5;\n                input.registers.poke_i(real_offset);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx33 - LD B, Vx\n                // Store BCD representation of Vx in memory locations I, I+1, and I+2.\n                //\n                // The interpreter takes the decimal value of Vx, and places the hundreds\n                // digit in memory at location in I, the tens digit at location I+1,\n                // and the ones digit at location I+2.\n\n                let to_convert = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                // how many hundreds\n                let hundreds = to_convert / 100;\n                // how many tens, minus the hundreds\n                let tens = (to_convert / 10) - (hundreds * 10);\n                // whats the leftover when dividing by 10\n                let units = to_convert % 10;\n\n                // Convert to BCD\n                let result =\n                    ((hundreds as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | units as u16 | ((tens as u16) \u003c\u003c 4) | units as u16;\n                // write them to the memory pointed to by I, I+1, and I+2\n                let target_start_offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset, hundreds);\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset + 1, tens);\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset + 2, units);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x) =\u003e {\n                // Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n                //\n                // The interpreter copi=es the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n                // starting at the address in I.\n                let offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                for i in 0..=*x {\n                    input\n                        .memory\n                        .poke(offset + i as u16, input.registers.peek(i));\n                }\n                input.registers.poke_i(offset + 1);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(x) =\u003e {\n                // Read registers V0 through Vx from memory starting at location I.\n                //\n                // The interpreter reads values from memory starting at location I into registers V0 through Vx.\n                let offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                debug!(\"STARTING TO READ AT {offset:03x}\");\n                let num_loops = x + 1;\n                debug!(\"WILL READ {num_loops:x} BYTES\");\n                for index in 0..num_loops {\n                    let src_value = input.memory.peek(index as u16 + offset);\n                    input.registers.poke(index, src_value);\n                    debug!(\"POKING Register 0x{index:02x} with 0x{src_value:04x} using offset 0x{offset:04x}\");\n                }\n                input.registers.poke_i(offset + 1);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e {}\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(x) =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"Attempt to execute SCD in Chip8 Mode\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    input.video_memory.scroll_down(*x as i32);\n                }\n            },\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"Attempt to execute SCR in Chip8 Mode\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    input.video_memory.scroll_right();\n                }\n            },\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"Attempt to execute SCL in Chip8 Mode\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    input.video_memory.scroll_left();\n                }\n            },\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LOW =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"ATTEMPT TO SET LOWRES IN CHIP8MODE\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    input.video_memory.set_lowres();\n                }\n            },\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"ATTEMPT TO SET HIGHRES IN CHIP8MODE\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    input.video_memory.set_highres();\n                }\n            },\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"ATTEMPT TO EXIT FROM CHIP8 INTERPRETER\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"EXIT INTERPRETER\");\n                }\n            },\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(x) =\u003e {\n                match input.quirk_mode {\n                    QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                        debug!(\"ATTEMPT TO LDF2 IN CHIP8MODE\");\n                    }\n                    QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                        println!(\"POINTING TO FONT AT {x:02x}\");\n                        // base = 0x100 + 0x0A*X\n                        input.registers.poke_i(0x100 + (0xA * x) as u16);\n                    }\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(x) =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"ATTEMPT TO STORE RPL IN CHIP8MODE\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"STORING FROM RPL FOR {x}\");\n                }\n            },\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(x) =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"ATTEMPT TO LOAD RPL IN CHIP8MODE\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"LOADING FROM RPL FOR {x}\");\n                }\n            },\n            SCU(x) =\u003e {\n                println!(\"SCROLL SCREEN UP {x} ROWS\");\n                match input.quirk_mode {\n                    QuirkMode::Chip8 | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                        debug!(\"Attempt to run SCU outside 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return_value\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Keypad {\n    pub fn push_key(\u0026mut self, key_index: u8) {\n        self.keys[key_index as usize] = true;\n    }\n\n    pub fn release_key(\u0026mut self, key_index: u8) {\n        self.keys[key_index as usize] = false;\n    }\n\n    pub fn key_state(\u0026self, key_index: u8) -\u003e bool {\n        self.keys[key_index as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Keypad {\n        Keypad::default()\n    }\n\n    pub fn pressed(\u0026self, key: u8) -\u003e bool {\n        self.key_state(key)\n    }\n    pub fn released(\u0026self, key: u8) -\u003e bool {\n        !self.key_state(key)\n    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serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};\n\n#[derive(Default, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]\npub enum QuirkMode {\n    #[default]\n    Chip8,\n    XOChip,\n    SChipModern,\n}\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","registers.rs"],"content":"use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};\n\n/// Registers.  numbered 1-16 publicly.\n/// Privately using zero base array so -1 to shift from pub to priv.\n#[derive(Clone, Copy, Serialize, Deserialize)]\npub struct Chip8Registers {\n    pub registers: [u8; 16],\n    pub i_register: u16,\n    pub pc: u16,\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Registers {\n    pub fn advance_pc(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.pc += 2;\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8Registers {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Registers {\n            registers: [0x00; 16],\n            i_register: 0x00,\n            pc: 0x200,\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Registers {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.registers = [0x00; 16];\n        self.i_register = 0x00;\n        self.pc = 0x200;\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_pc(\u0026mut self, new_pc: u16) {\n        self.pc = new_pc\n    }\n    pub fn peek_i(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        self.i_register\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_i(\u0026mut self, new_value: u16) {\n        self.i_register = new_value;\n    }\n    pub fn peek(\u0026self, register_number: u8) -\u003e u8 {\n        self.registers[register_number as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke(\u0026mut self, register_number: u8, value: u8) {\n        if register_number \u003e 0xf {\n            panic!(\"INVALID REGISTER\");\n        }\n        self.registers[register_number as usize] = value;\n    }\n\n    pub fn peek_pc(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        self.pc\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_pc(\u0026mut self, new_pc: u16) {\n        self.pc = new_pc\n    }\n\n    pub fn format_as_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        format!(\"Vx: 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 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log::trace;\nuse serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy, Serialize, Deserialize)]\npub struct SoundTimer {\n    counter: i32,\n}\n\nimpl Default for SoundTimer {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self::new()\n    }\n}\n\nimpl SoundTimer {\n    pub fn current(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        self.counter\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        SoundTimer { counter: 0 }\n    }\n    pub fn set_timer(\u0026mut self, new_value: i32) {\n        trace!(\"SETTING SOUND TIMER TO {new_value}\");\n        self.counter = new_value\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        trace!(\n            \"TICKING SOUND FROM {} to {}\",\n            self.counter,\n            self.counter - 1\n        );\n        if self.counter \u003e 0 {\n            self.counter -= 1;\n            /*\n            todo: this breaks tests.  maybe its wrong?\n            if let good_thread = thread::spawn(|| {\n                beep(440).expect(\"Unable to beep\");\n                thread::sleep(time::Duration::from_millis(500));\n            }).join().unwrap().\n             */\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.counter = 0x00;\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":10,"address":[40274704],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":11,"address":[568001],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":16,"address":[330448],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":17,"address":[568021],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":22,"address":[774672],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":23,"address":[1502256,1502134,1502056],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":24,"address":[330540],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":27,"address":[645120],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":28,"address":[1502498,1502420,1502751],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":33,"address":[645700,645176],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":34,"address":[645702,645676],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":45,"address":[1503008],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":46,"address":[1130789],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}}],"covered":13,"coverable":13},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","stack.rs"],"content":"use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};\n\n#[derive(Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]\npub struct Chip8Stack {\n    items: Vec\u003cu16\u003e,\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Stack {\n    pub fn push(\u0026mut self, new_value: \u0026u16) {\n        if self.depth() == 16 {\n            // println!(\"Deep deep stack?\");\n            panic!(\"Stack Overflow\");\n        }\n        self.items.push(*new_value);\n    }\n    pub fn pop(\u0026mut self) -\u003e u16 {\n        if self.items.is_empty() {\n            panic!(\"Stack Underflow\");\n        }\n        self.items.pop().unwrap()\n    }\n    pub fn depth(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        self.items.len() as u16\n    }\n\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Stack { items: vec![] }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.items = vec![]\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":9,"address":[607024],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":10,"address":[643992],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":12,"address":[1501284],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":14,"address":[773979],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":16,"address":[644080],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":17,"address":[652190],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":18,"address":[1501447],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":20,"address":[1501389],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":22,"address":[607280],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":23,"address":[260485],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":26,"address":[652336],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":27,"address":[260509],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":30,"address":[567600,567663],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":31,"address":[3514365,3514285],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}}],"covered":14,"coverable":14},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","system_memory.rs"],"content":"use log::trace;\n\nuse crate::constants::*;\nuse serde::Deserialize;\nuse serde::Serialize;\n\n#[derive(Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]\npub struct Chip8SystemMemory {\n    memory: Vec\u003cu8\u003e,\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8SystemMemory {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        let mut x = Chip8SystemMemory::new();\n\n        x.load_fonts_to_memory();\n        x.load_schip_fonts_to_memory();\n        x\n    }\n}\nimpl Chip8SystemMemory {\n    fn empty_memory() -\u003e Vec\u003cu8\u003e {\n        let mut working_memory = vec![];\n\n        for _ in 0..CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE {\n            working_memory.push(0x00);\n        }\n        working_memory\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.memory = Chip8SystemMemory::empty_memory();\n        self.load_fonts_to_memory();\n        self.load_schip_fonts_to_memory();\n    }\n\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8SystemMemory {\n            memory: Chip8SystemMemory::empty_memory(),\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn peek(\u0026self, address: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        trace!(\n            \"PEEK: {} / {}\",\n            address,\n            self.memory[address as usize].clone()\n        );\n        let effective = address as i32 % CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE;\n        self.memory[effective as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke(\u0026mut self, address: u16, value: u8) {\n        trace!(\n            \"POKE: {} / {} to {}\",\n            address,\n            self.memory[address as usize],\n            value\n        );\n        self.memory[address as usize] = value;\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_program(\u0026mut self, program_to_load: Box\u003cVec\u003cu8\u003e\u003e) {\n        for load_index in 0..program_to_load.len() {\n            self.poke((load_index + 0x200) as u16, program_to_load[load_index]);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_fonts_to_memory(\u0026mut self) {\n        let all_font_characters = [\n            CHIP8FONT_0,\n            CHIP8FONT_1,\n            CHIP8FONT_2,\n            CHIP8FONT_3,\n            CHIP8FONT_4,\n            CHIP8FONT_5,\n            CHIP8FONT_6,\n            CHIP8FONT_7,\n            CHIP8FONT_8,\n            CHIP8FONT_9,\n            CHIP8FONT_A,\n            CHIP8FONT_B,\n            CHIP8FONT_C,\n            CHIP8FONT_D,\n            CHIP8FONT_E,\n            CHIP8FONT_F,\n        ];\n\n        for (font_index, current_font) in all_font_characters.iter().enumerate() {\n            for font_mem_offset in 0..=4 {\n                let real_offset = font_index * 5 + font_mem_offset;\n                self.poke(real_offset as u16, current_font[font_mem_offset]);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_schip_fonts_to_memory(\u0026mut self) {\n        let all_font_characters = [\n            SCHIPFONT_0,\n            SCHIPFONT_1,\n            SCHIPFONT_2,\n            SCHIPFONT_3,\n            SCHIPFONT_4,\n            SCHIPFONT_5,\n            SCHIPFONT_6,\n            SCHIPFONT_7,\n            SCHIPFONT_8,\n            SCHIPFONT_9,\n            SCHIPFONT_A,\n            SCHIPFONT_B,\n            SCHIPFONT_C,\n            SCHIPFONT_D,\n            SCHIPFONT_E,\n            SCHIPFONT_F,\n        ];\n        for (font_index, current_font) in all_font_characters.iter().enumerate() {\n            let base_offset = 0x100;\n            for font_mem_offset in 0..=4 {\n                let real_offset = base_offset + font_index * 0x10 + font_mem_offset;\n                self.poke(real_offset as u16, current_font[font_mem_offset]);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":13,"address":[1496394,1496256],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":14,"address":[638990],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":8}},{"line":16,"address":[562310],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":17,"address":[562353],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":18,"address":[40269083],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":22,"address":[769270,769056],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":23,"address":[647246],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":8}},{"line":25,"address":[40269164,40269233],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":17}},{"line":26,"address":[1496610],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":28,"address":[639299],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":31,"address":[562731,562672],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":32,"address":[647561,647490],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":33,"address":[3463075],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":34,"address":[769421],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":37,"address":[647616],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":39,"address":[348781],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":8}},{"line":43,"address":[40269584],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":44,"address":[1497113],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":49,"address":[3463782,3463741,3463227],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":50,"address":[603180],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":53,"address":[640224],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":54,"address":[3464280,3463940,3463842],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":60,"address":[40270294],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":63,"address":[640912,641253],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[3464518,3464703,3464585],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[3464721],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[3464864],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":70,"address":[641300],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":89,"address":[350873,351039],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":12}},{"line":90,"address":[1089453],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":91,"address":[40272107,40272017],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":92,"address":[351325,351369],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":13}},{"line":97,"address":[772112],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":98,"address":[40272221],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":116,"address":[40273333,40273163],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":13}},{"line":117,"address":[605212],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":118,"address":[773295],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":119,"address":[643539,643668],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":120,"address":[773624,773580],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":13}}],"covered":36,"coverable":39},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","util.rs"],"content":"pub struct InstructionUtil {}\n\nimpl InstructionUtil {\n    pub fn byte_to_bools(to_convert: u8) -\u003e [bool; 8] {\n        let mut return_values = [false; 8];\n        for i in 0..8 {\n            let new_value = to_convert \u003e\u003e i \u0026 0x1 == 1;\n            return_values[i as usize] = new_value;\n        }\n        return_values\n    }\n\n    pub fn bools_to_byte(to_convert: [bool; 8]) -\u003e u8 {\n        let mut return_value = 0u8;\n        for i in 0..to_convert.len() {\n            let new_bit = 0x1 \u003c\u003c i;\n            if to_convert[i] {\n                return_value |= new_bit\n            }\n        }\n        return_value\n    }\n\n    pub fn split_bytes(to_split: u16) -\u003e (u8, u8) {\n        let high = to_split.rotate_left(8) as u8;\n        let low = (to_split \u0026 0xff) as u8;\n\n        (high, low)\n    }\n\n    pub fn join_bytes(high: u8, low: u8) -\u003e u16 {\n        \n        (high as u16) \u003c\u003c 8 | low as u16\n    }\n\n    // nnn or addr - A 12-bit value, the lowest 12 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_addr_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u16 {\n        instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x0FFF\n    }\n\n    // n or nibble - A 4-bit value, the lowest 4 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_nibble_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n       ( instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x000F )as u8\n    }\n\n    // x - A 4-bit value, the lower 4 bits of the high byte of the instruction\n    pub fn read_x_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x0F00).rotate_right(8) as u8\n    }\n\n    // y - A 4-bit value, the upper 4 bits of the low byte of the instruction\n    pub fn read_y_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x00F0).rotate_right(4) as u8\n    }\n\n    // kk or byte - An 8-bit value, the lowest 8 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_byte_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x00FF) as u8\n    }\n\n    pub fn read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        ((to_read_from \u0026 0x0f00) \u003e\u003e 8) as u8\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":4,"address":[342240],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":5,"address":[1593535],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":6,"address":[747072,747243,747142],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":7,"address":[3566443,3566386],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":8,"address":[1181788,1181845,1181828],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":10,"address":[661090],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":13,"address":[342480],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":14,"address":[342499],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":15,"address":[623352,623415],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":16,"address":[1181974,1182014],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":17,"address":[632242,632166,632195],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":18,"address":[40372826],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":21,"address":[1181950],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":24,"address":[623552],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":25,"address":[1594021],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":26,"address":[342745],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":31,"address":[342752],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":33,"address":[40372910],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":37,"address":[632336],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":38,"address":[747592],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":42,"address":[1182192],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":43,"address":[623656],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":47,"address":[1182208],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":48,"address":[632376],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":52,"address":[706368],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":53,"address":[706376],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":57,"address":[1594192],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":58,"address":[632472],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":61,"address":[747728],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":62,"address":[747736],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}}],"covered":30,"coverable":30},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","video.rs"],"content":"use crate::chip8::video::Chip8VideoModes::{HighRes, LowRes};\nuse crate::constants::{\n    CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT, CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY, CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT,\n    SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY,\n};\nuse log::debug;\nuse serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy, Serialize, Deserialize)]\npub enum Chip8VideoModes {\n    LowRes,\n    HighRes,\n}\n\n#[derive(Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]\npub struct Chip8Video {\n    memory: Vec\u003cbool\u003e,\n    pub has_frame_changed: bool,\n    current_res: Chip8VideoModes,\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Video {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.cls();\n        self.set_lowres();\n        self.start_frame();\n    }\n\n    pub fn is_highres(\u0026self) -\u003e bool {\n        matches!(self.current_res, HighRes)\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_highres(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.current_res = HighRes;\n        self.cls();\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_lowres(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.current_res = LowRes\n    }\n\n    pub fn get_screen_resolution(\u0026mut self) -\u003e Chip8VideoModes {\n        self.current_res\n    }\n\n    pub fn cls(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.memory.clear();\n        let num_loops = match self.current_res {\n            LowRes =\u003e CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY,\n            HighRes =\u003e SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY,\n        };\n        for i in 0..num_loops {\n            self.memory.push(false);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn start_frame(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.has_frame_changed = false;\n    }\n\n    pub fn new(initial_configuration: Box\u003cVec\u003cbool\u003e\u003e) -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            memory: *initial_configuration,\n            has_frame_changed: false,\n            current_res: Chip8VideoModes::LowRes,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn peek(\u0026self, address: u16) -\u003e bool {\n        let loop_value: u16 = if self.is_highres() {\n            SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY as u16\n        } else {\n            CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY as u16\n        };\n        let effective_address = if address \u003e= loop_value {\n            address % loop_value\n        } else {\n            address\n        };\n        self.memory[effective_address as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke(\u0026mut self, address: u16, new_value: bool) {\n        let loop_value: u16 = self.get_memory_size() as u16;\n        // Loop the address\n        let effective_address = address % loop_value;\n\n        let old_value = self.memory[effective_address as usize];\n        let xored_value = new_value ^ old_value; // XOR of the video\n                                                 // if the frame has already changed we dont care if it changed again.\n        if !self.has_frame_changed \u0026\u0026 old_value != xored_value {\n            self.has_frame_changed = true\n        }\n\n        //     println!(\"VIDEO POKE COMPLETE WITH {effective_address} SET TO {xored_value}\");\n        self.memory[effective_address as usize] = xored_value;\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_byte(\u0026mut self, first_address: u16, to_write: u8) {\n        for i in (0..8).rev() {\n            self.poke(first_address + (7 - i), (to_write \u0026 (1 \u003c\u003c i)) != 0);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_2byte(\u0026mut self, first_address: u16, to_write: [u8; 2]) {\n        for (idx, _) in to_write.iter().enumerate() {\n            for i in (0..8).rev() {\n                self.poke(\n                    first_address + (idx * 8) as u16 + (7 - i),\n                    (to_write[idx] \u0026 (1 \u003c\u003c i)) != 0,\n                );\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn format_as_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        println!(\"FORMATTING {width}x{height}\");\n        let mut output = String::new();\n        for row in 0..height {\n            for column in 0..width {\n                let data_offset = row * width + column;\n                debug!(\n                    \"Rendering {data_offset} with value {}\",\n                    self.memory[data_offset as usize]\n                );\n                if self.memory[data_offset as usize] {\n                    output += \"*\"\n                } else {\n                    output += \" \"\n                }\n            }\n            output += \"\\n\";\n        }\n        output\n    }\n\n    pub fn get_resolution(\u0026self) -\u003e (i32, i32) {\n        if self.is_highres() {\n            (SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n        } else {\n            (CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n        }\n    }\n    fn get_memory_size(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        width * height\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.has_frame_changed = false;\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_right(\u0026mut self) {\n        println!(\"SCROLLRIGHTPRE:::[{}]\", self.format_as_string());\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n\n        for current_row in 0..height {\n            let row_offset: usize = (current_row * width) as usize;\n\n            // Shift pixels to the right by 4 in the current row\n            for current_column in (0..(width - 4)).rev() {\n                let source_address = row_offset + current_column as usize;\n                let target_address = source_address + 4;\n                self.memory[target_address] = self.memory[source_address];\n            }\n\n            // Clear the first 4 pixels in the current row\n            self.memory[row_offset..row_offset + 4].fill(false);\n        }\n        println!(\"SCROLLRIGHTPOST:::[{}]\", self.format_as_string());\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_left(\u0026mut self) {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n\n        for current_row in 0..height {\n            let row_offset = current_row * width;\n            for current_column in 0..width - 4 {\n                let source: usize = (row_offset + current_column) as usize;\n                let target: usize = source + 4;\n                self.memory[target] = self.memory[source];\n            }\n\n            let clear_start: usize = (row_offset + width - 4) as usize;\n            let clear_end: usize = clear_start + 4;\n\n            self.memory[clear_start..clear_end].fill(false);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_up(\u0026mut self, how_far: \u0026u8) {\n        let how_far = *how_far as i32;\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        let row_shift = how_far * width;\n\n        for current_source_row in how_far..height {\n            let current_source_offset = current_source_row * width;\n            for current_source_column in 0..width {\n                let base_offset: usize = (current_source_offset + current_source_column) as usize;\n                let shifted_offset: usize = base_offset - row_shift as usize;\n                self.memory[shifted_offset] = self.memory[base_offset];\n            }\n        }\n\n        // Clear the new bottom rows after shifting\n        let clear_start = ((height - how_far) * width) as usize;\n        self.memory[clear_start..].fill(false);\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_down(\u0026mut self, how_far: i32) {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        let row_shift = how_far * width;\n\n        let max_source_row = height - how_far;\n        for current_source_row in (0..max_source_row).rev() {\n            let current_source_offset = current_source_row * width;\n            for current_source_column in 0..width {\n                let base_offset: usize = (current_source_offset + current_source_column) as usize;\n                let extended_offset: usize = base_offset + row_shift as usize;\n                self.memory[extended_offset] = self.memory[base_offset];\n            }\n        }\n\n        // Clear the new top rows after shifting\n        let clear_end = (how_far * width) as usize;\n        self.memory[0..clear_end].fill(false);\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8Video {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        let mut mem = vec![];\n        for _ in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n            mem.push(false);\n        }\n        Chip8Video {\n            memory: mem,\n            has_frame_changed: false,\n            current_res: Chip8VideoModes::LowRes,\n        }\n    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const CHIP8_REGISTER_COUNT: i32 = 16;\npub const CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE: i32 = 4096i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH: i32 = 64i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT: i32 = 32i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY: usize = (CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT * CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH) as usize;\npub const CHIP8_ROM_SIZE: usize = 512;\n\npub const RESOURCES_ROOT: \u0026str = \"../resources\";\npub const TESTS_ROOT: \u0026str = \"../resources/tests/\";\n\npub const CHIP8_KEYBOARD: [[u8; 4]; 4] = [\n    [0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x0C],\n    [0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x0D],\n    [0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0E],\n    [0x0A, 0x00, 0x0B, 0x0F]\n];\n\npub const SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT: i32 = 64;\npub const SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH: i32 = 128;\npub const SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY: usize = (SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT * SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH) as usize;\n\npub const INST_ADDI: \u0026str = \"ADDI\";\npub const INST_ADD: \u0026str = \"ADD\";\npub const INST_ADDR: \u0026str = \"ADDR\";\npub const INST_AND: \u0026str = \"AND\";\npub const INST_CLS: \u0026str = \"CLS\";\npub const INST_CALL: \u0026str = \"CALL\";\npub const INST_DRW: \u0026str = \"DRW\";\npub const INST_EXIT: \u0026str = \"EXIT\";\npub const INST_JPA: \u0026str = \"JPA\";\npub const INST_JPI: \u0026str = \"JPI\";\npub const INST_JPX: \u0026str = \"JPX\";\npub const INST_BCD: \u0026str = \"BCD\";\npub const INST_LDD: \u0026str = \"LDD\";\npub const INST_LDF: \u0026str = \"LDF\";\npub const INST_LDF2: \u0026str = \"LDF2\";\npub const INST_LDIA: \u0026str = \"LDIA\";\npub const INST_LDIX: \u0026str = \"LDIX\";\npub const INST_LIDR: \u0026str = \"LIDR\";\npub const INST_LDIS: \u0026str = \"LDIS\";\npub const INST_LDR: \u0026str = \"LDR\";\npub const INST_LDRD: \u0026str = \"LDRD\";\npub const INST_LDRI: \u0026str = \"LDRI\";\npub const INST_LDRK: \u0026str = \"LDRK\";\npub const INST_LDRY: \u0026str = \"LDRY\";\npub const INST_OR: \u0026str = \"OR\";\npub const INST_RET: \u0026str = \"RET\";\npub const INST_RND: \u0026str = \"RND\";\npub const INST_SCD: \u0026str = \"SCD\";\npub const INST_SCR: \u0026str = \"SCR\";\npub const INST_SCL: \u0026str = \"SCL\";\npub const INST_SEX: \u0026str = \"SEX\";\npub const INST_SEY: \u0026str = \"SEY\";\npub const INST_SHL: \u0026str = \"SHL\";\npub const INST_SHR: \u0026str = \"SHR\";\npub const INST_SKP: \u0026str = \"SKP\";\npub const INST_SKNP: \u0026str = \"SKNP\";\npub const INST_SNEB: \u0026str = \"SNEB\";\npub const INST_SNEY: \u0026str = \"SNEY\";\npub const INST_STR: \u0026str = \"STR\";\npub const INST_SUB: \u0026str = \"SUB\";\npub const INST_SUBC: \u0026str = \"SUBC\";\npub const INST_SYS: \u0026str = \"SYS\";\npub const INST_LOW: \u0026str = \"LOW\";\npub const INST_HIGH: \u0026str = \"HIGH\";\npub const INST_ORY: \u0026str = \"ORY\";\npub const INST_SCU: \u0026str = \"SCU\";\npub const CHIP8_PROGRAM_LOAD_OFFSET: i32 = 0x200;\npub const CHIP8FONT_0: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_1: [u8; 5] = [0x20, 0x60, 0x20, 0x20, 0x70];\npub const CHIP8FONT_2: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_3: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_4: [u8; 5] = [0x90, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x10, 0x10];\npub const CHIP8FONT_5: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_6: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_7: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x40];\npub const CHIP8FONT_8: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_9: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_A: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x90, 0x90];\npub const CHIP8FONT_B: [u8; 5] = [0xE0, 0x90, 0xE0, 0x90, 0xE0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_C: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0x80, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_D: [u8; 5] = [0xE0, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0xE0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_E: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_F: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x80, 0x80];\n\npub const SCHIPFONT_0: [u8; 0x20] = [\n    0x00, 0x00,\n    0x01, 0x80,\n    0x03, 0xc0,\n    0x06, 0x60,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x06, 0x60,\n    0x03, 0xc0,     // 0b0000001111000000\n    0x01, 0x80,     // 0b0000000110000000\n    0x00, 0x00      // 0b0000000000000000\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_1: [u8; 0x20] = [\n    0x00, 0x00,\n    0x03, 0xc0,\n    0x02, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x03, 0xf0,\n    0x00, 0x00\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_2: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC7, 0xC3, 0xC0, 0xE0,\n    0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C, 0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_3: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC7, 0xC3, 0xC0, 0xE0,\n    0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C, 0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_4: [u8; 0x20] = [0xE0, 0xF0, 0xF8, 0xFC, 0xFE, 0xF7, 0xF3, 0xF1,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC0,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_5: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x3F, 0x7F, 0x7F,\n    0x01, 0x01, 0xC1, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_6: [u8; 0x20] = [0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_7: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xE0, 0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C,\n    0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_8: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0x7E, 0xFE, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_9: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0x7F, 0x03, 0x03, 0xC7, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_A: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_B: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFE, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_C: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0x01, 0x01,\n    0x01, 0x01, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_D: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3,\n    0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C, 0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_E: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_F: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","lib.rs"],"content":"pub mod chip8 {\n    pub mod video;\n    pub mod sound_timer;\n    pub mod delay_timer;\n    pub mod keypad;\n    pub mod computer;\n    pub mod system_memory;\n    pub mod instructions;\n    pub mod cpu_states;\n    pub mod util;\n    pub mod registers;\n\n    pub mod stack;\n    pub  mod computer_manager;\n    pub mod quirk_modes;\n}\n\npub mod constants;","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","tests","computer_tests.rs"],"content":"use gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::constants::CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY;\n\n#[test]\nfn smoke() { assert!(true) }\n\nfn load_result(to_load: \u0026str) -\u003e String {\n    std::fs::read_to_string(format!(\"../resources/test/{}\", to_load)).unwrap()\n}\n\nfn load_rom(to_load: \u0026str) -\u003e Vec\u003cu8\u003e {\n    std::fs::read(format!(\"../resources/roms/{}\", to_load)).unwrap()\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn reset_clears_video() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        x.video_memory.poke(i as u16, i % 2 == 0);\n    }\n\n    x.reset();\n    x.video_memory.reset();\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level1_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let level_1_rom = load_rom(\"1-chip8-logo.ch8\");\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, (\u0026level_1_rom));\n\n    // run for 0x40 cycles\n    while x.num_cycles \u003c 0x40 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_level_1_test.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level2_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // Load the IBM rom and run it.\n    // it takes 39 cycles to get to the end so lets run it 40.\n    let test_rom_to_run = load_rom(\"2-ibm-logo.ch8\");\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, (\u0026test_rom_to_run));\n    for _ in 0..40 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    // ...then verify that the current video memory of the chip-8\n    // simulator matches what we expect it to be\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_ibm_rom_output.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level3_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n     x.load_bytes_to_memory(\n         0x200, (\u0026load_rom(\"3-corax+.ch8\"))\n     );\n    for i in 0..0x180 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_corax_plus.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn rps_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026load_rom(\"RPS.ch8\"));\n    for _ in 0..0xF0 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_rps_stage1.asc\"));\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x01);\n    for _ in 0..0x200 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_rps_stage2.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level4_test() {\n    // flags\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026load_rom(\"4-flags.ch8\"));\n    for _ in 0..0x400 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_flags.asc\"));\n}\n","traces":[{"line":7,"address":[245824],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":8,"address":[246054,245951],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":11,"address":[246272],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":12,"address":[246502,246399],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}}],"covered":4,"coverable":4},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","tests","state_tests.rs"],"content":"use gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\n\nfn load_result(to_load: \u0026str) -\u003e String {\n    std::fs::read_to_string(format!(\"../resources/test/state/{}\", to_load)).unwrap()\n}\n\nfn load_rom(to_load: \u0026str) -\u003e Vec\u003cu8\u003e {\n    std::fs::read(format!(\"../resources/roms/{}\", to_load)).unwrap()\n}\n#[test]\nfn smoke_round_trip_serialize_deserialize() {\n    let x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let expected_string = load_result(\"001_smoke_round_trip_serialize_deserialize.json\");\n    let serialized = serde_json::to_string(\u0026x).unwrap();\n    let deserialized: Chip8Computer = serde_json::from_str(\u0026expected_string).unwrap();\n    println!(\"SERIALIZED [{}]\", serialized);\n    // TODO: using trim here is a hack to handle editors adding a newline at the end of a file...even a 1 line file\n    assert_eq!(serialized.trim(), expected_string.trim());\n}\n","traces":[{"line":3,"address":[428240],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":4,"address":[428470,428367],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":7,"address":[428688],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":8,"address":[428918,428815],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":2,"coverable":4},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","tests","unit_tests.rs"],"content":"use gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction;\nuse gemma::chip8::delay_timer::DelayTimer;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::JPX;\nuse gemma::chip8::keypad::Keypad;\nuse gemma::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode::{Chip8, SChipModern, XOChip};\nuse gemma::chip8::registers::Chip8Registers;\nuse gemma::chip8::sound_timer::SoundTimer;\nuse gemma::chip8::stack::Chip8Stack;\nuse gemma::chip8::system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory;\nuse gemma::chip8::util::InstructionUtil;\nuse gemma::chip8::video::{Chip8Video, Chip8VideoModes};\nuse gemma::constants::*;\nuse log::debug;\nuse rand::random;\n\nconst TEST_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_DIR: \u0026str = \"../resources/test/\";\n\nfn read_test_result(suffix: \u0026str) -\u003e String {\n    std::fs::read_to_string(TEST_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_DIR.to_owned() + suffix).unwrap()\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn smoke() {\n    assert!(true)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn decoder_test_invalid_instructions() {\n    let invalid_to_encode = [\n        0x5ab1, 0x5abf, 0x8ab8, 0x8abd, 0x8abf, 0x9ab1, 0x9abf, 0xea9d, 0xea9f, 0xeaa0, 0xeaa2,\n        0xf006, 0xf008,\n    ];\n\n    for i in invalid_to_encode {\n        assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(i, \u0026Chip8).encode(), 0xffff);\n        assert!(matches!(\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(i, \u0026Chip8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n        ));\n    }\n}\n\n/// START OF THE EXECUTION TESTS\n#[test]\nfn instruction_tests() {\n    // 0x0nnn Exit to System Call\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0xFA0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xFA0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x0AF).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x0AF);\n\n    // 0x1nnn Jump to Address\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0xABC).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xABC);\n\n    // 0x6xkk Set Vx = kk\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(1, 0x12).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0x12);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(2, 0x21).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(2), 0x21);\n\n    // 0x3xkk Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n    // The interpreter compares register Vx to kk,\n    // and if they are equal, increments the program counter by 2.\n\n    // test setup: Load value 0x84 into V1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x84);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(1, 0x48).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x84);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(1, 0x84).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    // 0x4xkk Skip next instruction if Vx != kk\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x84);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x84);\n    // skip, compare 0x84 to 0x84\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x84);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x48);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    // 0x8xy0 Set value of Vy in Vx\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x02);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0x02);\n\n    // 0x8xy1 Set Vx = Vx OR Vy\n    //   0b0101 0000 (0x50)\n    // | 0b0000 1010 (0x0A)\n    //   0b0101 1010 (0x5A)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b01010000);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b00001010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b01011010);\n\n    // 0x8xy2 Set Vx = Vx AND Vy\n    //   0b1111 1100 (0xFC)\n    // \u0026 0b1100 1010 (0xCA)\n    //   0b1100 1000 (0xC8)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xFC);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0xCA);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0xC8);\n\n    // 0x8xy3 Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy\n    //   0b1111 1100 (0xFC)\n    // ^ 0b1100 1010 (0xCA)\n    //   0b0011 0110 (0x36)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b11111100);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b11001010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00110110);\n\n    // 0x8xy4 Set Vx = Vx + Vy (SET VF on Carry)\n    //    T1             T2: Judgement Test\n    //   0x01           0xFF\n    // + 0x01           0x01\n    //   0x02 F0        0x00 F1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x00);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x02);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xff);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0);\n\n    /*\n    Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n\n    If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n    */\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b00001000);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b00000000);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x); // 0b0000 0010 (0x02) (Not Set)\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00000100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0);\n\n    x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b00001001);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00000100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x123).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 0x123);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn jp_v0addr_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    /// jump to I + nnn\n    x.registers.poke(0x0, 0xff);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x100).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x1FF);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn cls_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.peek(i as u16));\n    }\n    // draw some thing to the video memory\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x01, true);\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x03, true);\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x05, true);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS.execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn skip_next_instruction_ne_text() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x1, 0x0f).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x1, 0xf0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn addivx_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke_i(0xabc);\n    x.registers.poke(0x0, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0x0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 0xacc);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ldstvt_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(0x01).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.sound_timer.current(), 0xf0);\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    assert_eq!(x.sound_timer.current(), 0xed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn rnd_vx_byte_text() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x1, 0x0f).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    let new_value = x.registers.peek(0x1);\n    assert!(new_value \u003c 0x10);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn add_vx_byte_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // set a value in the register\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xab);\n    // add 0x10 to register\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x1, 0x10).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0xbb);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sub_vx_vy_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // load values in 2 registers\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x08);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0x8);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sne_vx_vy_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x00);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ld_dt_vx_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0x10);\n    for i in 0..0x20 {\n        x.delay_timer.tick();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ld_vx_dt_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0xed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn subn_vx_vy_test() {\n    // This instruction subtracts the value in\n    // register Vx from the value in register Vy and stores the result in register Vx.\n    // The subtraction is performed as follows: Vx = Vy - Vx. If Vy is less than Vx,\n    // the result will wrap around (due to the 8-bit nature of the registers).\n    // The carry flag (VF) is set to 1 if there is no borrow (i.e., Vy is greater\n    // than or equal to Vx), and it is set to 0 if there is a borrow.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xa0);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0xab);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // expect the result to be 0x0b\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0x0b);\n    // expect the vf register to be set to 1 as there was overflow\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x1);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xab);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0xa0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // expect the result to be 11110101, -0xB, -11, 245, 0xF5\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0xf5);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x0);\n\n    // 8xyE - SHL Vx {, Vy}\n    // Set Vx = Vx SHL 1.\n    //\n    // If the most-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise to 0. Then Vx is multiplied by 2.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0b00100000);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x1, 0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0b01000000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0b10101010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x1, 0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0b01010100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x1);\n\n    // Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n    // Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n    //\n    // The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite corresponding to the value of Vx. See section 2.4, Display, for more information on the Chip-8 hexadecimal font.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // target_sprite = 2\n    // target_offset = 0x5\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x2);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 10);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x06);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 30);\n\n    // Fx33 - LD B, Vx\n    // Store BCD representation of Vx in memory locations I, I+1, and I+2.\n    //\n    // The interpreter takes the decimal value of Vx, and places the hundreds digit\n    // in memory at location in I, the tens digit at location I+1,\n    // and the ones digit at location I+2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    // load the value 123 (0x7b)\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x7b);\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x500), 0x1);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x501), 0x2);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x502), 0x3);\n\n    // Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n    //\n    // The interpreter copies the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n    // starting at the address in I.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    // Load Registers.\n    let to_load = [0xab, 0xba, 0xca, 0xca, 0xbe, 0xef];\n    for (idx, val) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        x.registers.poke(idx as u8, *val);\n    }\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(to_load.len() as u8).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // Verify the values are in memory from 0x500 to 0x507\n    for (idx, value) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x500 + idx as u16), *value);\n    }\n\n    // Read registers V0 through Vx from memory starting at location I.\n    //\n    // The interpreter reads values from memory starting at location I into registers V0 through Vx.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    let base_offset = 0x500;\n    let to_load = [0xab, 0xba, 0xca, 0xca, 0xbe, 0xef];\n\n    // start by setting values in memory\n    for (idx, memory) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        let target_address = base_offset + idx;\n        let target_value = *memory;\n        x.memory.poke(target_address as u16, target_value);\n    }\n    // where to load from\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n    // how much to load\n    x.registers.poke(0x6, to_load.len() as u8);\n\n    // then copying them values memory to registers\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x6).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // now check that we have the right values in our registers\n    for (idx, value) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(idx as u8), *value);\n    }\n\n    // ExA1 - SKNP Vx\n    // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n    //\n    // Checks the keyboard,\n    // and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the up position,\n    // PC is increased by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x5);\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n    x.keypad.release_key(0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x206);\n\n    // Ex9E - SKP Vx\n    // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n    //\n    // Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x5);\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    x.keypad.release_key(0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x206);\n}\n\nfn draw_nibble_vx_vy_n_test_hd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    let x_register = 0x01;\n    let x_offset = 0x03;\n    let y_register = 0x02;\n    let y_offset = 0x04;\n    let char_offset = 0x100;\n    x.registers.poke(x_register, x_offset);\n    x.registers.poke(y_register, y_offset);\n    x.video_memory.set_highres();\n    x.registers.poke_i(char_offset);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, 0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    println!(\"[[{}]]\", x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"\"), x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn draw_nibble_vx_vy_n_test_sd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let x_register = 0x1;\n    let y_register = 0x2;\n    let x_offset = 1;\n    let y_offset = 2;\n    let char_offset = 0x0A;\n\n    // now lets set the X and Y to 1,2\n    x.registers.poke(x_register, x_offset);\n    x.registers.poke(y_register, y_offset);\n    x.registers.poke_i(char_offset);\n    // we are using 5 rows.\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, 5).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // now check that video memory has the values at\n    // 1,2-\u003e1,9\n    // 2,2-\u003e2,9\n    // 3,2-\u003e3,9\n    // 4,2-\u003e4,9\n    // 5,2-\u003e5,9\n    //  let byte_to_check = CHIP8FONT_0[0];\n    for row_in_sprite in 0..5 {\n        let row_data = CHIP8FONT_2[row_in_sprite];\n        for bit_in_byte in 0..8 {\n            let data_offset =\n                (x_offset as u16 + row_in_sprite as u16) * 64 + (bit_in_byte + y_offset) as u16;\n            let real_bit_in_byte = 7 - bit_in_byte;\n            let shifted_one = 0x01 \u003c\u003c real_bit_in_byte;\n            let one_shift_set = (shifted_one \u0026 row_data) \u003e 0;\n            debug!(\"ROWDATA = \\t\\t[{row_data:08b}]\\tBIT IN BYTE = \\t[{bit_in_byte}]\\tONE_SHIFT_SET = [{one_shift_set}]\\tSHIFTED ONE = [{shifted_one:08b}]\");\n            debug!(\"DATA_OFFSET FOR SOURCE DATA {}x{} is {} / offset by {}x{} and should be {} working with byte {:08b}\",\n                         bit_in_byte, row_in_sprite, data_offset, x_offset, y_offset, one_shift_set, row_data);\n        }\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sub_test() {\n    // 2nnn\n    // Call a subroutine at 2nnn\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x124).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x124);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 1);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x564).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x564);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 2);\n\n    // SETUP\n    // Return from a subroutine.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.stack.push(\u00260x132);\n    x.stack.push(\u00260xabc);\n    // EXECUTE\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RET.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // VERIFY\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xabc);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 1);\n    // EXECUTE\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RET.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // VERIFY\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x132);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ldvxk_test() {\n    // SETUP\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert!(matches!(\n        x.state,\n        gemma::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey\n    ));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn series8xy4_corex_tests() {\n    /// 8xy4\n    /// Set Vx = Vx + Vy\n    /// Set VF=1 if Carry\n    ///\n    // 1 + 1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x02);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    // 255+1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xff);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x00);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n\n    // 128+192\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 128);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 192);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 64);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 1);\n\n    // 8xy6 - SHR Vx {, Vy}\n    // Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n    //\n    // If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1,\n    // otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // 0b10101010 -\u003e 0b01010101\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b10101010);\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x0);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01010100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 1);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b10101000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01010000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b10100000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01000000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn random_produces_different_numbers() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x00);\n    let first_number = Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x01, 0xff)\n        .execute(\u0026mut x)\n        .registers\n        .peek(0x01);\n    let second_number = Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x01, 0xff)\n        .execute(\u0026mut x)\n        .registers\n        .peek(0x01);\n    assert_ne!(first_number, second_number);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn delay_timer_ticks_reduce_time() {\n    let mut st = DelayTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(100);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 97);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn delay_timer_out_of_ticks_works() {\n    let mut st = DelayTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(0);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn keypad_keys_check() {\n    let mut k = Keypad::new();\n\n    for i in 0..16 {\n        assert!(!k.key_state(i));\n    }\n\n    // press a key\n    k.push_key(1);\n    k.push_key(2);\n    assert!(k.pressed(1));\n    assert!(k.pressed(2));\n    k.release_key(1);\n    assert!(k.released(1));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn keypad_string_format_test() {\n    let k = Keypad::new();\n\n    assert_eq!(\n        k.format_as_string(),\n        read_test_result(\"gemma_keypad_string_result.asc\")\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn register_rw_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.poke(0x0, 0xff);\n    x.poke(0x1, 0xab);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek(0x0), 0xff);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek(0x1), 0xab);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn pc_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.set_pc(0x300);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek_pc(), 0x300);\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn invalid_register() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.poke(0x10, 0xff);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn format_as_string_looks_right() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    for i in 0..0x10 {\n        x.registers[i] = i as u8;\n    }\n    x.pc = 0xabc;\n    x.i_register = 0xcab;\n    let result_string = x.format_as_string();\n    assert_eq!(result_string, String::from(\"Vx: 0x00 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x04 0x05 0x06 0x07\\n    0x08 0x09 0x0a 0x0b 0x0c 0x0d 0x0e 0x0f\\nI: 0x0cab\\tPC: 0x0abc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn reset_clears_registers() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n\n    for register in 0..0x10 {\n        x.poke(register, random::\u003cu8\u003e());\n    }\n    x.reset();\n    for register in 0..0x10 {\n        assert_eq!(x.peek(register), 0x00);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sound_timer_ticks_reduce_time() {\n    let mut st = SoundTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(100);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 97);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sound_timer_out_of_ticks_works() {\n    let mut st = SoundTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(0);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn stack_push_pop_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n\n    // lets see if we can push and pop a bunch\n    x.push(\u00260xabcu16);\n    x.push(\u00260xcdeu16);\n    x.pop();\n    assert_eq!(x.depth(), 1);\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn stack_overflow_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    for i in 0..17 {\n        x.push(\u0026i);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn stack_underflow_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    x.pop();\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn stack_lots_of_subs() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    let stack_contents = [\n        0x123, 0x321, 0xabc, 0xdef, 0xbad, 0xbef, 0xfed, 0xcab, 0xbed, 0xcad, 0xfeb, 0xcab, 0xfff,\n        0x000, 0x001,\n    ];\n    for i in stack_contents {\n        x.push(\u0026i);\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.depth(), 15);\n\n    // up to 50 random loops\n    let num_loops: u8 = random::\u003cu8\u003e() % 50;\n    for i in 0..num_loops {\n        let start_count = x.depth();\n        let num_pop = random::\u003cu8\u003e() % x.depth() as u8;\n        for current_pop in 0..num_pop {\n            x.pop();\n        }\n\n        let post_pop_count = x.depth();\n        assert_eq!(post_pop_count as u8, start_count as u8 - num_pop);\n        for current_push in 0..num_pop {\n            x.push(\u0026stack_contents[(current_push + post_pop_count as u8) as usize]);\n        }\n        assert_eq!(x.depth(), 15);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_split_bytes() {\n    // from 0xABCD we should have AB high, CD low\n    let (low, high) = InstructionUtil::split_bytes(0xabcd);\n    assert_eq!(low, 0xAB);\n    assert_eq!(high, 0xCD);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_join_bytes() {\n    // from 0xAB low and 0xCD high we get 0xABCD\n    let merged = InstructionUtil::join_bytes(0xcd, 0xab);\n    assert_eq!(merged, 0xcdab);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_read_from_instruction() {\n    // from 0xABCD\n    let source = 0xABCD;\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_addr_from_instruction(source), 0xBCD);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_nibble_from_instruction(source), 0xD);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_x_from_instruction(source), 0xB);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_y_from_instruction(source), 0xC);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_byte_from_instruction(source), 0xCD);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_ubln() {\n    // from 0xABCD we should see B\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0xABCD), 0xB);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0x0123), 0x1);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0x0000), 0x0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_byte_to_bool_changes() {\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b00000000),\n        [false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false]\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11111111),\n        [true, true, true, true, true, true, true, true]\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11001100),\n        [false, false, true, true, false, false, true, true]\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11110000),\n        [false, false, false, false, true, true, true, true]\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false]),\n        0b00000000\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([true, true, true, true, true, true, true, true]),\n        0b11111111\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, true, true, false, false, true, true]),\n        0b11001100\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, false, false, true, true, true, true]),\n        0b11110000\n    );\n}\n\nfn real_build_checkboard(in_hd: bool) -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    let mut r = Chip8Video::default();\n    let (width, height) = if in_hd {\n        r.set_highres();\n        (SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n    } else {\n        (CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n    };\n\n    println!(\"BUILDING BOARD WITH SIZE OF {width}x{height}\");\n\n    for row in 0..height {\n        let data_offset = row * width;\n\n        for col in 0..width {\n            // XOR row and column indices to alternate in a checkerboard pattern\n            let to_poke = (row % 2) ^ (col % 2) == 1;\n            let local_offset: u16 = (data_offset + col) as u16;\n\n            r.poke(local_offset, to_poke);\n        }\n    }\n    r\n}\n\nfn build_checkboard_hd() -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    real_build_checkboard(true)\n}\n\nfn build_checkerboard() -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    real_build_checkboard(false)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_default_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.clone().peek(i as u16));\n        // then flip the value and test again.\n        x.poke(i as u16, true);\n        assert!(x.clone().peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_set_initial_memory_sd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    // let mut initial_memory = [false; CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY];\n    let mut ws = String::new();\n    // set our checkerboard\n    for cbr in 0..32 {\n        for cbc in 0..64 {\n            let dof = cbr * 64 + cbc;\n            if (dof as i32 % 2) == 0 {\n                x.poke(dof, true);\n                ws += \"*\";\n            } else {\n                ws += \" \";\n            }\n        }\n        ws += \"\\n\";\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.format_as_string(), ws);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_byte_test() {\n    let to_poke = 0b11001111;\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x05, to_poke);\n    let mut expected = String::new();\n    expected = \"     **  ****                                                   \\n\".to_string();\n    for i in 0..31 {\n        expected += \u0026*(\" \".repeat(64) + \"\\n\");\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.format_as_string(), expected);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_2byte_test() {\n    let to_poke: [u8; 2] = [0b11001111, 0b00111100];\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_2byte(0x00, to_poke);\n\n    let mut expected = String::new();\n    expected = \"**  ****  ****  \".to_string() + \u0026*\" \".repeat(64 - 16).to_string() + \"\\n\";\n    for i in 0..31 {\n        expected += \u0026*((*\" \".repeat(64)).to_string() + \"\\n\");\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(expected, x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_multirow_2_byte_sprite() {\n    // take 2 rows of 16bits and write them to memory\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_cls_stddef() {\n    let width = 64;\n    let height = 32;\n    let initial_memory = vec![];\n    let mut ws = String::new();\n    let mut set_x = Chip8Video::new(initial_memory.into());\n    for cbr in 0..32 {\n        ws += \u0026*\" \".repeat(width);\n        ws += \"\\n\";\n    }\n    set_x.cls();\n\n    assert_eq!(set_x.format_as_string(), ws);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_byte_test_2() {\n    let to_poke = 0b10101010;\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    v.poke_byte(0x00, to_poke);\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x00));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x01));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x02));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x03));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x04));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x05));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x06));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x07));\n    for i in 0x8..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_multi_line_test() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    let to_poke = [0b00000000, 0b11111111, 0b10101010, 0b01010101];\n\n    for (byte_in_set, byte_to_poke) in to_poke.iter().enumerate() {\n        let base_offset = byte_in_set * 64;\n        v.poke_byte(base_offset as u16, *byte_to_poke);\n    }\n\n    // row 2 column 1\n    {\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x40));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x41));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x42));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x43));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x44));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x45));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x46));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x47));\n\n        // row 3 column 1\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC0));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC1));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC2));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC3));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC4));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC5));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC6));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC7));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_moved_poke_test() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    let to_poke = [0b00000000, 0b11111111, 0b10101010, 0b01010101];\n\n    let x_offset = 20;\n    let y_offset = 5;\n\n    for (byte_in_set, byte_to_poke) in to_poke.iter().enumerate() {\n        let base_offset = (x_offset + byte_in_set) * 64 + y_offset;\n        v.poke_byte(base_offset as u16, *byte_to_poke);\n    }\n\n    let test_offset = (x_offset * 64 + y_offset) as u16;\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 1));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 2));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 3));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 4));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 5));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 6));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 7));\n\n    let test_offset = test_offset + 0x40;\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 1));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 2));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 3));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 4));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 5));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 6));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 7));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_verify_change_registered() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    v.poke(0x01, true);\n    v.poke(0x01, true);\n    assert!(v.has_frame_changed);\n\n    v.start_frame();\n    assert!(!v.has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_write_checkboard() {\n    let v = build_checkerboard();\n    assert_eq!(\n        v.clone().format_as_string(),\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_write_checkerboard.asc\")\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_zero_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    for (byte_index, data_offset) in (0..=0x100).step_by(0x40).enumerate() {\n        x.poke_byte(data_offset as u16, CHIP8FONT_0[byte_index]);\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_zero.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_multi_sprite_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    // draw a row of digits 01234567\n    let to_draw = [\n        CHIP8FONT_0,\n        CHIP8FONT_1,\n        CHIP8FONT_2,\n        CHIP8FONT_3,\n        CHIP8FONT_4,\n        CHIP8FONT_5,\n        CHIP8FONT_6,\n        CHIP8FONT_7,\n    ];\n    for (index, sprite) in to_draw.iter().enumerate() {\n        let data_base_offset = index * 0x8;\n        for (index, offset) in (0..=0x100).step_by(0x40).enumerate() {\n            x.poke_byte((data_base_offset + offset) as u16, sprite[index]);\n        }\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_multi_sprite.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_reset_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.reset();\n    assert_eq!(\n        x.format_as_string(),\n        read_test_result(\"test_reset_clears_video.asc\")\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_collision_test() {\n    // Setup: Set 0xFF to 0x00 with a new frame ready\n    // Action: Run Poke to the same area\n    // Test: Verify the 'changed' flag is tripped\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0xff);\n    x.tick();\n    // set the cell thats already set...\n    x.poke(0x00, true);\n    // it becomes unset and theres a frame changed\n    assert!(!x.peek(0x00));\n\n    assert!(x.clone().has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_collision_test2() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0b11110000);\n    assert!(x.has_frame_changed);\n    x.tick();\n    assert!(!x.has_frame_changed);\n    // clear the 'has changed' flag\n\n    // now set a no-collision value\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0b00001111);\n    assert!(x.has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_collision_test3() {\n    // draw a couple sprites that do not overlap.\n    // goal being drawing without triggering the collision\n    // detection.\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0b11110000);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_peek_out_of_bounds_doesnt_panic() {\n    let x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    let y = x.clone().peek(2049);\n    let y = x.clone().peek(0);\n\n    // if we got here we didn't panic\n    assert!(true);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_1_row_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_down(1);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_1.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_10_row_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_down(10);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_10.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_high_res_has_right_resolution() {\n    let x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    println!(\"[{}]\", x.format_as_string());\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_highdef.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_1_row_test_schip() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_down(1);\n\n    println!(\"[{}]\", x.format_as_string());\n    println!(\"[{}]\", read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_1_hd.asc\"));\n\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_1_hd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_10_row_test_schip() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_down(10);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_10_hd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_left_4_row_test_std_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_left();\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_left_4_row_test_high_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_left();\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4_hd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_right_4_row_test_std_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_right();\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_right_4_row_test_high_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_right();\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4_hd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instructions_operands_tests() {\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x000).operands(), \"0x0000\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x123).operands(), \"0x0123\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0x234).operands(), \"0x0234\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x345).operands(), \"0x0345\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x456).operands(), \"0x0456\");\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_ena_dis_tests() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    for quirk in [SChipModern, XOChip] {\n        x.quirk_mode = quirk;\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.is_highres());\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH.execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert!(x.video_memory.is_highres());\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH.execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert!(x.video_memory.is_highres());\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::LOW.execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.is_highres());\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_test_scrolling_lowres() {\n    for quirk in [SChipModern, XOChip] {\n        let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n        x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n        x.quirk_mode = quirk.clone();\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR.execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert_eq!(\n            read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4.asc\"),\n            x.dump_video_to_string()\n        );\n\n        x = Chip8Computer::new();\n        x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n        x.quirk_mode = quirk.clone();\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL.execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n        assert_eq!(\n            read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4.asc\"),\n            x.dump_video_to_string()\n        );\n\n        x = Chip8Computer::new();\n        x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n        x.quirk_mode = quirk.clone();\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(0x01).execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert_eq!(\n            read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_1.asc\"),\n            x.dump_video_to_string()\n        );\n\n        x = Chip8Computer::new();\n        x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n        x.quirk_mode = quirk.clone();\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(0xA).execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert_eq!(\n            read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_10.asc\"),\n            x.dump_video_to_string()\n        );\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn computer_dump_keypad_to_string() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x1);\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x2);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_keypad_to_string.asc\"),\n        x.dump_keypad_to_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn computer_dump_registers_to_string() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let values_to_set = [\n        0x0b, 0xad, 0xbe, 0xef, 0xca, 0xb0, 0x7a, 0xc0, 0xca, 0x70, 0xba, 0xdb, 0xed, 0x00, 0x00,\n        0x00,\n    ];\n    let expected_value = \"Vx: 0x0b 0xad 0xbe 0xef 0xca 0xb0 0x7a 0xc0\\n    0xca 0x70 0xba 0xdb 0xed 0x00 0x00 0x00\\nI: 0x0000\\tPC: 0x0200\";\n\n    for i in 0..16 {\n        x.registers.poke(i, values_to_set[i as usize]);\n    }\n\n    // now verify.\n    assert_eq!(expected_value, x.dump_registers_to_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_up_tests_sd() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    let distance = 1u8;\n    x.scroll_up(\u0026distance);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_up_test_sd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_up_tests_hd() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    let distance = 1u8;\n    x.scroll_up(\u0026distance);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_up_test_hd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_resolution_changing() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    x.set_highres();\n    assert_eq!(x.get_resolution(), (SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT));\n    assert!(matches!(\n        x.get_screen_resolution(),\n        Chip8VideoModes::HighRes\n    ));\n    x.set_lowres();\n    assert_eq!(x.get_resolution(), (CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT));\n    assert!(matches!(x.get_screen_resolution(), Chip8VideoModes::LowRes));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn delay_timer_default() {\n    let t = DelayTimer::default();\n    assert_eq!(t.current(), 0xff);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_jpx() {\n    // JPX -\u003e 0xBXnn\n    // Jump to Xnn+Vx\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // set X1 to 4...\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x04);\n    // ...use (x1)+0x134\n    let to_execute = JPX(0x01, 0x34);\n    // expect to set PC to 0x834\n    to_execute.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 0x834);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_ldrd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.state = WaitingForInstruction;\n    x.delay_timer.set_timer(0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x01).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x01);\n    x.delay_timer.set_timer(0xff);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x00), 0xff);\n    x.step_system();\n    x.step_system();\n    x.step_system();\n    x.step_system();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0), 0xfb);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_hires_loop_check() {\n    let max_address = SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY;\n    let x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.peek((max_address + 1) as u16);\n    // if we got here we didn't explode!\n    assert!(true);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sound_timer_default() {\n    let x = SoundTimer::default();\n    assert_eq!(x.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn system_memory_new() {\n    let x = Chip8SystemMemory::new();\n    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gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::*;\nuse gemma::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode::{Chip8, SChipModern, XOChip};\nuse gemma::constants::*;\n\n#[derive(Clone)]\nstruct InstructionTestQuirks {\n    chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions,\n    schip: Chip8CpuInstructions,\n    xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions,\n}\n\n#[derive(Clone)]\nstruct InstructionTest {\n    name: String,\n    instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions,\n    operands: String,\n    asm: String,\n    encoded: u16,\n    quirks: InstructionTestQuirks,\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instructions_encode_decode_tests_with_quirks() {\n    let it = vec![\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SYS.to_string(),\n            instruction: SYS(0x123),\n            operands: \"0x0123\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SYS 0x0123\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x0123,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SYS(0x123),\n                schip: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                xochip: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_CLS.to_string(),\n            instruction: CLS,\n            asm: \"CLS\".to_string(),\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00E0,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: CLS,\n                schip: CLS,\n                xochip: CLS,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_RET.to_string(),\n            instruction: RET,\n            asm: \"RET\".to_string(),\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00ee,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: RET,\n                schip: RET,\n                xochip: RET,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPX.to_string(),\n            instruction: JPX(0x1, 0xab),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0x01ab\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"JPX 0x01, 0x01ab\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xb1ab,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: JPX(0x1, 0xab),\n                xochip: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_CALL.to_string(),\n            instruction: CALL(0x123),\n            asm: \"CALL 0x0123\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x2123,\n            operands: \"0x0123\".to_string(),\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: CALL(0x123),\n                schip: CALL(0x123),\n                xochip: CALL(0x123),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_DRW.to_string(),\n            instruction: DRW(0x01, 0x02, 0x03),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0x02, 0x03\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"DRW 0x01, 0x02, 0x03\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xd123,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: DRW(0x1, 0x2, 0x3),\n                schip: DRW(0x1, 0x2, 0x3),\n                xochip: DRW(0x1, 0x2, 0x3),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPI.to_string(),\n            instruction: JPI(0x321),\n            operands: \"0x0321\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"JPI 0x0321\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xb321,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: JPI(0x321),\n                schip: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                xochip: JPI(0x321),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SCD.to_string(),\n            instruction: SCD(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SCD 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00c1,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: SCD(0x1),\n                xochip: SCD(0x1),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SCR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SCR\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FB,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: SCR,\n                xochip: SCR,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SCL.to_string(),\n            instruction: SCL,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SCL\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FC,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: SCL,\n                xochip: SCL,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_EXIT.to_string(),\n            instruction: EXIT,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"EXIT\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FD,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: EXIT,\n                xochip: EXIT,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LOW.to_string(),\n            instruction: LOW,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LOW\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FE,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: LOW,\n                xochip: LOW,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_HIGH.to_string(),\n            instruction: HIGH,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"HIGH\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FF,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: HIGH,\n                xochip: HIGH,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SEX.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x01, 0xfa),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xfa\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SEX 0x01, 0xfa\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x31fa,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x1, 0xfa),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x1, 0xfa),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x1, 0xfa),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SNEB.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x01, 0xab),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SNEB 0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x41ab,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SNEB(0x01, 0xab),\n                schip: SNEB(0x01, 0xab),\n                xochip: SNEB(0x01, 0xab),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SEY.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SEY 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x5120,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SEY(0x1, 0x2),\n                schip: SEY(0x1, 0x2),\n                xochip: SEY(0x1, 0x2),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDR.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDR(0xa, 0xbe),\n            operands: \"0x0a, 0xbe\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDR 0x0a, 0xbe\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x6abe,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDR(0xa, 0xbe),\n                schip: LDR(0xa, 0xbe),\n                xochip: LDR(0xa, 0xbe),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADD.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x01, 0xab),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ADD 0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x71ab,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: ADD(0x01, 0xab),\n                schip: ADD(0x01, 0xab),\n                xochip: ADD(0x01, 0xab),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRK.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x6),\n            operands: \"0x06\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRK 0x06\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF60A,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x6),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x6),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x6),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADDI.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0x02),\n            operands: \"0x02\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ADDI 0x02\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF21E,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: ADDI(0x02),\n                schip: ADDI(0x02),\n                xochip: ADDI(0x02),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADD.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x02, 0x12),\n            operands: \"0x02, 0x12\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ADD 0x02, 0x12\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x7212,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: ADD(0x02, 0x12),\n                schip: ADD(0x02, 0x12),\n                xochip: ADD(0x02, 0x12),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SCU.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SCU(0x04),\n            operands: \"0x04\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SCU 0x04\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00D4,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                xochip: SCU(0x04),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADDR.to_string(),\n            instruction: ADDR(0x01, 0x02),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ADDR 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8124,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: ADDR(0x01, 0x02),\n                schip: ADDR(0x01, 0x02),\n                xochip: ADDR(0x01, 0x02),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_AND.to_string(),\n            instruction: AND(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"AND 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8122,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: AND(0x1, 0x2),\n                schip: AND(0x1, 0x2),\n                xochip: AND(0x1, 0x2),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPA.to_string(),\n            instruction: JPA(0x345),\n            operands: \"0x0345\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"JPA 0x0345\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x1345,\n\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: JPA(0x345),\n                schip: JPA(0x345),\n                xochip: JPA(0x345),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_BCD.to_string(),\n            instruction: BCD(0xc),\n            operands: \"0x0c\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"BCD 0x0c\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xfc33,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: BCD(0xcd),\n                schip: BCD(0xcd),\n                xochip: BCD(0xcd),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDD.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDD(0xfc),\n            operands: \"0xfc\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDD 0xfc\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xfc15,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDD(0xfc),\n                schip: LDD(0xfc),\n                xochip: LDD(0xfc),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ORY.to_string(),\n            instruction: ORY(0x01, 0x3),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x3\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ORY 0x1, 0x3\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8133,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: ORY(0x01, 0x3),\n                schip: ORY(0x01, 0x3),\n                xochip: ORY(0x01, 0x3),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SUBC.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SUBC 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8127,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SUB.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SUB 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8125,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x2),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x2),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x2),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_STR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(0x06),\n            operands: \"0x06\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"STR 0x06\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf675,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(0x06),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(0x06),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_OR.to_string(),\n            instruction: OR(0x01, 0x02),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"OR 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8121,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: OR(0x01, 0x02),\n                schip: OR(0x01, 0x02),\n                xochip: OR(0x01, 0x02),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SHR.to_string(),\n            instruction: SHR(0x04, 0x4),\n            operands: \"0x4, 0x4\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SHR 0x4, 0x4\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8446,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SHR(0x04, 0x4),\n                schip: SHR(0x04, 0x4),\n                xochip: SHR(0x04, 0x4),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SHL.to_string(),\n            instruction: SHL(0x04, 0x4),\n            operands: \"0x4, 0x4\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SHL 0x4, 0x4\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x844e,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SHL(0x04, 0x4),\n                schip: SHL(0x04, 0x4),\n                xochip: SHL(0x04, 0x4),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_RND.to_string(),\n            instruction: RND(0x01, 0xff),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xff\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"RND 0x01, 0xff\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xc1ff,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: RND(0x01, 0xff),\n                schip: RND(0x01, 0xff),\n                xochip: RND(0x01, 0xff),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRY.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDRY(0x01, 0x02),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRY 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8120,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDRY(0x01, 0x02),\n                schip: LDRY(0x01, 0x02),\n                xochip: LDRY(0x01, 0x02),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDIS.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDIS(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDIS 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf118,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDIS(0x01),\n                schip: LDIS(0x01),\n                xochip: LDIS(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LIDR.to_string(),\n            instruction: LIDR(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LIDR 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf185,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: LIDR(0x01),\n                xochip: LIDR(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDF2.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDF2(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDF2 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf130,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: LDF2(0x01),\n                xochip: LDF2(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDF.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDFX(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDF 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf129,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDFX(0x01),\n                schip: LDFX(0x01),\n                xochip: LDFX(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDIA.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDIA(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x0001\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDIA 0x0001\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xa001,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDIA(0x01),\n                schip: LDIA(0x01),\n                xochip: LDIA(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDIX.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDIX(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDIX 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf155,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDIX(0x01),\n                schip: LDIX(0x01),\n                xochip: LDIX(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRD.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRD 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf107,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x01),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x01),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRI.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRI 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf165,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x01),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x01),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SKP.to_string(),\n            instruction: SKP(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SKP 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xe19e,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SKP(0x01),\n                schip: SKP(0x01),\n                xochip: SKP(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SNEY.to_string(),\n            instruction: SNEY(0x01, 0x1),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x1\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SNEY 0x1, 0x1\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x9110,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SNEY(0x01, 0x1),\n                schip: SNEY(0x01, 0x1),\n                xochip: SNEY(0x01, 0x1),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SKNP.to_string(),\n            instruction: SKNP(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SKNP 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xe1a1,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SKNP(0x01),\n                schip: SKNP(0x01),\n                xochip: SKNP(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n    ];\n\n    for current in it {\n        let instruction = current.clone().instruction;\n        let asm = Chip8CpuInstructions::from_str(\u0026current.asm);\n        let as_chip8 = Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(current.encoded, \u0026Chip8);\n        let quirks_chip8 = current.quirks.chip8;\n        let as_schip = Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(current.encoded, \u0026SChipModern);\n        let quirks_schip = current.quirks.schip;\n        let as_xochip = Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(current.encoded, \u0026XOChip);\n        let quirks_xochip = current.quirks.xochip;\n\n        // ** CONVERSION **\n        // -\u003e Integer to Instruction\n        assert!(matches!(\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(current.encoded, \u0026Chip8),\n            i\n        ));\n        // -\u003e Instruction to Integer\n        println!(\n            \"TESTING INSTRUCTION TO INTEGER FOR {:?} / {:04x} {:04x}\",\n            current.instruction,\n            current.encoded,\n            instruction.encode()\n        );\n        assert_eq!(current.encoded, instruction.encode());\n        // -\u003e Instruction to String\n        assert_eq!(instruction.to_string(), current.asm);\n        assert_eq!(instruction.operands(), current.operands);\n        assert_eq!(current.instruction.name(), current.name);\n        // -\u003e String to Instruction\n        assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::from_str(\u0026current.name), asm));\n        // ** QUIRKS **\n        assert!(matches!(as_chip8, quirks_chip8));\n        assert!(matches!(as_schip, quirks_schip));\n        assert!(matches!(as_xochip, quirks_xochip));\n    }\n}\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","gemmaegui.rs"],"content":"use std::path::PathBuf;\nuse std::time::Instant;\nuse crate::support::gemma_egui_support::{EGuiFileList, GemmaEguiSupport};\nuse eframe::egui;\nuse egui::Key;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\n\nmod support;\n\nconst LIN_KEYS: [[(Key, u8); 4]; 4] = [\n    [(Key::Num1, 0x01), (Key::Num2, 0x02), (Key::Num3, 0x03), (Key::Num4, 0x0c)],\n    [(Key::Q, 0x04), (Key::W, 0x05), (Key::E, 0x06), (Key::R, 0x0d)],\n    [(Key::A, 0x07), (Key::S, 0x08), (Key::D, 0x09), (Key::F, 0x0e)],\n    [(Key::Z, 0x0a), (Key::X, 0x00), (Key::C, 0x0b), (Key::V, 0x0F)]\n];\n\n#[derive(Default)]\nstruct DisplayOptions {\n    pub video: bool,\n    pub registers: bool,\n    pub memory: bool,\n}\npub struct GemmaViewerState {\n    pub selected_file_index: i32,\n    pub selected_filename: String,\n    pub display_options: DisplayOptions,\n}\n\nimpl Default for GemmaViewerState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        GemmaViewerState {\n            selected_file_index: -1,\n            selected_filename: String::new(),\n            display_options: Default::default(),\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl GemmaViewerState {\n    pub fn new() -\u003e GemmaViewerState {\n        GemmaViewerState {\n            ..Default::default()\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nfn main() -\u003e eframe::Result {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n\n    let mut computer = Chip8ComputerManager::new();\n    let mut state = GemmaViewerState::new();\n\n    let options = eframe::NativeOptions {\n        viewport: egui::ViewportBuilder::default().with_inner_size([320.0, 240.0]),\n        ..Default::default()\n    };\n\n    eframe::run_simple_native(\"EGUI Gemma\", options, move |ctx, _frame| {\n        catppuccin_egui::set_theme(ctx, catppuccin_egui::MOCHA);\n        egui::CentralPanel::default().show(ctx, |ui| {\n            let frame_start_time = Instant::now();\n\n            let local_computer = computer.state();\n            //if state.display_video {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::video_view(local_computer, ui);\n            // }\n\n            ui.heading(\"EGUI Gemma\");\n\n            //  if state.display_memory {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::memory_view(local_computer, ui);\n            //  }\n\n            //  if state.display_registers {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::registers_view(local_computer, ui);\n            //  }\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                if ui.button(\"Start\").clicked() {\n                    computer.start();\n                }\n                if ui.button(\"Step\").clicked() {\n                    computer.step();\n                }\n\n                if ui.button(\"Stop\").clicked() {\n                    computer.stop();\n                    //     state.is_running = false;\n                }\n                if ui.button(\"Reset\").clicked() {\n                    computer.reset();\n                    //   state.is_running = false;\n                }\n            });\n\n            if ui.button(format!(\"Load {}\", state.selected_filename)).clicked() {\n               // println!(\"Should load the bin now\");\n                let read_bin = std::fs::read(PathBuf::from(format!(\"resources/roms/{}\", state.selected_filename))).unwrap();\n                computer.load_new_program_to_system_memory(read_bin);\n            };\n            EGuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(\"resources/roms\"), \u0026mut state.selected_filename, ui);\n            ctx.input(|input| {\n                // loop through the keys we are checking...\n                for row in LIN_KEYS {\n                    for (keyboard_key, keypad_key) in row {\n                        if input.key_pressed(keyboard_key) {\n                            computer.press_key(keypad_key);\n                           // println!(\"KEY {keypad_key:02x} DOWN\");\n                        } else {\n                            // release it if the user just did\n                            if computer.is_key_pressed(keypad_key) {\n                                computer.release_key(keypad_key);\n                            //    println!(\"KEY {keypad_key:02x} up\");\n                            }\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n            });\n\n            // run our target number of ticks in the amount of available time.\n            let time_consumed = Instant::now().duration_since(frame_start_time).as_millis();\n            let mut num_ticks = 0;\n            while num_ticks \u003c 1000 {\n                computer.tick();\n                num_ticks += 1;\n            }\n            ctx.request_repaint();\n        });\n    })\n}\n","traces":[{"line":31,"address":[3152968,3152800],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[3152819],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[3152824,3152881],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[3152992],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[3154134,3154103,3153088],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3153105],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[3153169],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[3153199],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[3153308,3153263],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[3103920],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[3103960],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[3104112,3105759,3104004],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3104137],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[3104180],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":66,"address":[3104213],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[3104223],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[3104274],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[3104289],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[3104403,3106691,3105792],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[3105817,3105931],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[3106006],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[3106022,3106145],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":83,"address":[3106229],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[3106368,3106245],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[3106452],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[3106468,3106591],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[3106672],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[3104759,3104878,3104534,3104624],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[3105190,3105060,3104970],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[3105453],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":101,"address":[3105470],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[3105533,3106720,3107378],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[3106902,3106969,3106745],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[3106985,3107159,3107229],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[3107221,3107257],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[3107373,3107313],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[3107336,3107286],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":112,"address":[3107349],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":121,"address":[3105545],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":122,"address":[3105644],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":123,"address":[3105741,3105655],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":124,"address":[3105703],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":125,"address":[3105712,3105743],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":127,"address":[3105673],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":44},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_state.rs"],"content":"use std::ops::Range;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\n\npub struct GemmaEGuiState {\n    pub display_video: bool,\n    pub display_memory: bool,\n    pub display_registers: bool,\n    pub memory_view: Range\u003ci32\u003e,\n    pub computer: Chip8ComputerManager,\n    pub selected_rom_filename: String\n}\n\nimpl Default for GemmaEGuiState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            display_video: true,\n            display_memory: true,\n            display_registers: true,\n            memory_view: 0x00..0x200,\n            computer: Chip8ComputerManager::new(),\n            selected_rom_filename: String::new()\n        }\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[3140384,3140595],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[3140401],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[3140423],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":3},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_support.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::read_dir;\nuse std::path::PathBuf;\nuse egui::{Align, Color32, ComboBox, Pos2, TextBuffer};\nuse egui::Rect;\nuse egui::Vec2;\nuse egui::Ui;\nuse crate::Chip8Computer;\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: f32 = 5.0;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: f32 = 5.0;\n\npub struct EGuiFileList {}\nimpl EGuiFileList {\n    pub fn display_path(root: PathBuf, selected_filename: \u0026mut String, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let working_filename = selected_filename.clone();\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n           //  ui.label(format!(\"Displaying {}\", root.to_str().unwrap_or(\"Unable to Load Path\")));\n            ComboBox::from_label(\"Select ROM\")\n                .selected_text(selected_filename.clone())\n                .show_ui(ui, |ui| {\n\n                    let mut sorted_options = vec![];\n                    for option in read_dir(root.as_path()).unwrap() {\n                        let to_push = option.unwrap().file_name().into_string().unwrap_or( String::new());\n                        sorted_options.push(to_push);\n                    }\n\n                    sorted_options.sort();\n                    for item in sorted_options {\n                    // Add each option to the ComboBox\n                      if  ui.selectable_label(selected_filename.eq(\u0026item.as_str()), item.clone()).clicked()\n                        {\n                            *selected_filename = item;\n                        }\n                    }\n                });\n            // Display the selected option\n        });\n    }\n}\n\npub struct GemmaEguiSupport {}\n\nimpl GemmaEguiSupport {\n    pub fn controls_view(system: \u0026mut Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(Align::TOP), |ui| {\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_memory, \"Display Memory\");\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_video, \"Display Video\");\n         //   ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_registers, \"Display Registers\");\n        });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(format!(\"V0-7: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x00),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x01),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x02),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x03),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x04),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x05),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x06),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x07)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"V8-F: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x08),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x09),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0A),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0B),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0C),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0D),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0E),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0F)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"PC: {:04x}\\tI: {:04x}\", system.registers.peek_pc(), system.registers.peek_i()));\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let (_resp, painter) = ui.allocate_painter(Vec2::new(350.0, 165.0), egui::Sense::hover());\n        for current_row in 0..32 {\n            for current_col in 0..64 {\n                let data_offset = current_row * 64 + current_col;\n                let x_offset = current_col as f32 * CELL_WIDTH;\n                let y_offset = current_row as f32 * CELL_HEIGHT;\n                let origin = Pos2::new(x_offset, y_offset);\n                let colour = if system.video_memory.peek(data_offset) {\n                    Color32::RED\n                } else {\n                    Color32::WHITE\n                };\n                let rect = Rect::from_min_size(origin, Vec2::new(CELL_WIDTH, CELL_HEIGHT));\n                painter.rect_filled(rect, 0.0, colour);\n                // println!(\"Cell {current_col}x{current_row} at {}x{} -\u003e {}\",\n                //          origin.x, origin.y,\n                //          system.video_memory.peek(data_offset));\n            }\n        }\n    //    thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));\n    }\n\n    pub fn memory_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(\"Memory View\");\n\n        for i in (0..=0x200).step_by(16) {\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                for y in 0..16 {\n                    ui.label(format!(\"{:02x}\", system.memory.peek((i + y) as u16)).as_str());\n                }\n            });\n        }\n        ui.label(\"Should have **something** to adjust the 'memory window'\");\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[3118177,3117744],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":15,"address":[3117774],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":16,"address":[3118005],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":18,"address":[3159788,3159678,3159854],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[3159836,3159904,3159723],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[3162148,3159936,3161727,3159844],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3159972],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[3160531,3160133,3160359,3160029,3162099,3160498],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[3161758,3162126],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[3162024],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3160773],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3160807,3160997,3161703,3161047],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[3161197,3161398,3161690,3161087],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[3161509],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[3118208],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[3118327],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[3118448],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[3120536,3122076,3120304,3120768,3121232,3121000,3121464,3120072,3119584,3121696],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[3118496],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[3118630],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[3118767],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[3118904],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[3119041],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[3119178],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3119315],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[3119452],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[3124154,3123922,3124386,3123202,3124618,3124850,3125694,3123690,3125314,3125082],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":66,"address":[3122111],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[3122248],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[3122385],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[3122522],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[3122659],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":71,"address":[3122796],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[3122933],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[3123070],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[3126707,3125868,3125996,3126524,3125735,3126292],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[3126752,3128144],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[3126807],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[3127201,3127305,3127119],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[3127326,3127424],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[3127708,3127539],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":83,"address":[3127628],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":84,"address":[3127662],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[3127748],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[3127784,3127829],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[3127831],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[3127816],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[3128058],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":101,"address":[3128176],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[3128208],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[3128454,3128242],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[3128567],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[3162238,3162296],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[3162681,3162433,3162307,3162863],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[3128397],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":55},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","mod.rs"],"content":"pub mod gemma_egui_state;\npub mod gemma_egui_support;\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","gemmaimgui.rs"],"content":"use gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\nuse std::default::Default;\nuse std::time::Instant;\nuse support::{emmagui_support::GemmaImguiSupport, ui_state::ImGuiUiState};\n\nmod support;\n\n/// Keypad Mappings for my Linux box\n/// 1 2 3 C\n/// 4 5 6 D\n/// 7 8 9 E\n/// A 0 B F\n\nconst LIN_KEYS: [(u16, u8); 0x10] = [\n    (537, 0x01),\n    (538, 0x02),\n    (539, 0x03),\n    (540, 0x0c),\n    (562, 0x04),\n    (568, 0x05),\n    (550, 0x06),\n    (563, 0x0d),\n    (546, 7),\n    (564, 8),\n    (549, 9),\n    (551, 0xe),\n    (571, 0xa),\n    (569, 0),\n    (548, 0xb),\n    (567, 0xf),\n];\n\nfn main() {\n    pretty_env_logger::init();\n\n    let mut system = Chip8ComputerManager::default();\n    let mut ui_state = ImGuiUiState::default();\n\n    support::simple_init(file!(), move |_, ui| {\n        let current_time = Instant::now();\n        let mut num_cycles = 0;\n\n        // Key Checks\n        let down_keys = ui.io().keys_down;\n\n        // START DEBUG CODE TO DISPLAY WHAT KEYS WE TRAPPED\n        for (idx, val) in down_keys.iter().enumerate() {\n            if *val {\n                println!(\"{idx} = {val}\");\n            }\n        }\n        // END DEBUG CODE\n\n        for (key_code, key_reg) in LIN_KEYS {\n            if down_keys[key_code as usize] {\n                system.press_key(key_reg);\n                system.wait_for_instruction();\n            } else {\n                // do we need to release it?\n\n                if system.is_key_pressed(key_reg) {\n                    system.release_key(key_reg);\n                }\n            }\n        }\n\n        let target_ms = ui_state.frame_time;\n        let loop_start_time = Instant::now();\n        while Instant::now().duration_since(current_time).as_millis() \u003c target_ms as u128\n            \u0026\u0026 num_cycles \u003c ui_state.target_ips\n        {\n            if system.tick() {\n                num_cycles += 1;\n            }\n        }\n        let cycles_time = Instant::now().duration_since(loop_start_time);\n        if num_cycles \u003e 0 {\n            println!(\n                \"Ran for {}ms and executed {}/{} cycles.\",\n                cycles_time.as_millis(),\n                num_cycles,\n                ui_state.target_ips\n            );\n        }\n        // GUI Parts\n        if ui_state.show_video {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::video_display(system.state(), \u0026ui_state, ui);\n        }\n\n        GemmaImguiSupport::system_controls(\u0026mut system, \u0026mut ui_state, ui);\n\n        if ui_state.show_registers {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::registers_view(system.state(), ui);\n        }\n\n        if ui_state.show_memory {\n            let active_instruction = system.state().registers.peek_pc();\n            GemmaImguiSupport::hex_memory_display(\n                system.state().memory.clone(),\n                (0x100, 0x10),\n                active_instruction as i16,\n                ui,\n            );\n        }\n\n        if ui_state.show_keypad {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::keypad_display(system.state(), ui);\n        }\n    });\n}\n","traces":[{"line":33,"address":[4155814,4155568,4155843],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[4155575],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[4155592],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[4155622],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[3295426,3293568],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":40,"address":[3293609],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[3293644],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[3293652],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[3293918,3293683],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[3293950],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3295668],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[3294169,3294037,3293980,3293844],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[3294203,3295275],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[3295350],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[3295410],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[3295323,3295368],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3295386],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[3294120],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[3294137],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[3294228],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[3294406],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[3294423,3295249],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[3295226,3295254],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[3294328],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[3294392],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[3294713,3294809],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[3294473],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[3294447],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[3294999],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[3294963],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[3294983],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[3295053],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[3295037],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":97,"address":[3295095],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[3295164],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[3295132],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[3295079],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[3295205],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":38},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","support","emmagui_support.rs"],"content":"use gemma::constants::CHIP8_KEYBOARD;\nuse std::fs::File;\nuse std::io::Read;\nuse std::path::{Path, PathBuf};\nuse imgui::{CollapsingHeader, Condition, ImColor32, Ui};\nuse log::debug;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::ManagerDumpables::{Keyboard, Registers, Video};\nuse gemma::chip8::system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory;\nuse crate::ImGuiUiState;\nuse crate::support::gui_file_list::GuiFileList;\n\nconst ROM_ROOT: \u0026str = \"resources/roms\";\n\npub struct GemmaImguiSupport {}\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: i32 = 5i32;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: i32 = 5i32;\n\nimpl GemmaImguiSupport {\n    pub fn keypad_display(system_to_display: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        ui.window(\"Keypad\".to_string())\n            .position([100.0, 640.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                for row in CHIP8_KEYBOARD {\n                    for key in row {\n                        let label = if system_to_display.keypad.pressed(key) {\n                            format!(\"*{:1x}*\", key)\n                        } else {\n                            format!(\"{:1x}\", key)\n                        };\n                        ui.text(\u0026label);\n                        ui.same_line();\n                    }\n                    ui.text(\"\");\n                }\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_display(system_to_control: \u0026Chip8Computer, gui_state: \u0026ImGuiUiState, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        // draw area size\n        let (width, height) = system_to_control.video_memory.get_resolution();\n        let draw_area_size = ui.io().display_size;\n        //  println!(\"DRAW_AREA_SIZE = {}x{}\", draw_area_size[0], draw_area_size[1]);\n        let cell_width = ((draw_area_size[0] as i32 / width) * 6) / 10;\n        let cell_height = ((draw_area_size[1] as i32 / height) * 6) / 10;\n\n        let origin = ui.cursor_pos();\n        let fg = ui.get_foreground_draw_list();\n        if system_to_control.video_memory.is_highres() {\n            // ui.text(\"High Def Video here\");\n            for current_row in 0..=height {\n                let y_offset = origin[1] as i32 + (current_row * cell_height);\n                for current_column in 0..=width {\n                    let x_offset = origin[0] as i32 + (current_column * cell_width);\n                    let current_origin = [x_offset as f32, y_offset as f32];\n                    let current_limit = [(x_offset + cell_width) as f32, (y_offset + cell_height) as f32];\n                    let memory_offset = (current_row * width + current_column) as u16;\n                    let to_render = system_to_control.video_memory.peek(memory_offset);\n                    let color: ImColor32 = if to_render {\n                        gui_state.on_colour\n                    } else {\n                        gui_state.off_colour\n                    };\n                    fg.add_rect_filled_multicolor(current_origin, current_limit, color, color, color, color);\n                }\n            }\n        } else {\n            for current_row in 0..height {\n                let y_offset = origin[1] as i32 + (current_row * cell_height);\n                for current_column in 0..width {\n                    let x_offset = origin[0] as i32 + (current_column * cell_width);\n                    let current_origin = [x_offset as f32, y_offset as f32];\n                    let current_limit = [(x_offset + cell_width) as f32, (y_offset + cell_height) as f32];\n                    let memory_offset = (current_row * width + current_column) as u16;\n                    let to_render = system_to_control.video_memory.peek(memory_offset);\n                    let color: ImColor32 = if to_render {\n                        gui_state.on_colour\n                    } else {\n                        gui_state.off_colour\n                    };\n                    fg.add_rect_filled_multicolor(current_origin, current_limit, color, color, color, color);\n                }\n            }\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn system_controls(system_to_control: \u0026mut Chip8ComputerManager, gui_state: \u0026mut ImGuiUiState, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        // let mut state: Chip8Computer = system_to_control;\n        ui.window(\"!!!! CONTROLS !!!!\")\n            .position([100.0, 640.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                /* System Step Counter */\n                ui.text(format!(\"Step {:04x}\", system_to_control.num_cycles()).as_str());\n\n                /* ROM Lister */\n                if CollapsingHeader::new(\"Roms\").build(ui) {\n                    let new_filename = GuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(ROM_ROOT), \u0026gui_state.filename_to_load, ui);\n                    if !new_filename.is_empty() {\n                        if new_filename != gui_state.filename_to_load {\n                            debug!(\"NEW FILENAME SELECTED -\u003e {new_filename}\");\n                            gui_state.filename_to_load = new_filename;\n                        }\n                        if ui.button(\"Load Program\") {\n                            let mut buffer = Vec::new();\n                            debug!(\"PREPARING TO LOAD {}\", gui_state.filename_to_load);\n                            // let mut input_file = File::open(Path::new(\"./1-chip8-logo.ch8\")).expect(\"put 1-chip8-logo.ch8 in this directory\");\n                            let mut input_file = File::open(Path::new(\u0026(ROM_ROOT.to_string() + \"/\" + \u0026gui_state.filename_to_load))).expect(\"put 1-chip8-logo.ch8 in this directory\");\n                            input_file.read_to_end(\u0026mut buffer).expect(\"unable to read file\");\n                            system_to_control.load_new_program_to_system_memory((\u0026*buffer).into());\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n\n                if CollapsingHeader::new(\"Controls\").build(ui) {\n                    // if the system has no program loaded hide the buttons.\n                    let bytes: [u8; 2] = [\n                        system_to_control.state().memory.peek(0x200),\n                        system_to_control.state().memory.peek(0x201)\n                    ];\n                    let mut show_buttons = bytes[0] != 0 || bytes[1] == 0xe0;\n\n                    if show_buttons {\n                        if ui.button(\"Step\") {\n                            system_to_control.step();\n                        };\n                        ui.same_line();\n                        if ui.button(\"Run\") {\n                            system_to_control.start();\n                        }\n                    }\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    if ui.button(\"Stop\") {\n                        system_to_control.stop();\n                    }\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    if ui.button(\"Reset\") {\n                        system_to_control.reset();\n                    }\n                    if ui.button(\"Dump Video Memory\") {\n                        println!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Video));\n                    }\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    if ui.button(\"Dump Keypad State\") {\n                        debug!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Keyboard));\n                    }\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    if ui.button(\"Dump Registers\") {\n                        debug!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Registers));\n                    }\n                }\n\n                if CollapsingHeader::new(\"Options\").build(ui) {\n                    ui.checkbox(\"Show Memory\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_memory);\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    ui.checkbox(\"Show Video\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_video);\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    ui.checkbox(\"Show Registers\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_registers);\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    ui.checkbox(\"Show Keypad\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_keypad);\n                    ui.input_int(\"Target IPS\", \u0026mut gui_state.target_ips).build();\n                };\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        ui.window(\"Registers\")\n            .position([100.0, 640.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                ui.text(\"Registers\");\n                for i in 1..0x10 {\n                    ui.text(format!(\"V{:X}: {}\", i, system.registers.peek(i)));\n                    if i != 7 {\n                        ui.same_line();\n                    }\n                }\n                ui.text(\"\");\n                ui.text(format!(\"I: {:03X}\", system.registers.peek_i()));\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.text(format!(\"ST: {:02X}\", system.sound_timer.current()));\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.text(format!(\"DT: {:02X}\", system.delay_timer.current()));\n                ui.text(format!(\"PC: {:02X}\", system.registers.peek_pc()));\n                ui.text(format!(\"SP: {:02X}\", system.stack.depth()));\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn hex_memory_display(bytes: Chip8SystemMemory, position: (i32, i32), active: i16, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        let rows = position.0;\n        let cols = position.1;\n        ui.window(\"System Memory\")\n            .position([100.0, 640.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                let mut current_x_hover: i32 = 0;\n                let mut current_y_hover: i32 = 0;\n                // display a block of data\n                for current_row in 0..rows {\n                    ui.text(format!(\"{:02x}\", current_row * cols));\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    for current_column in 0..cols {\n                        let data_offset = current_row * cols + current_column;\n                        let formatted_text = format!(\"{:02x}\", bytes.peek(data_offset as u16));\n                        let text_location = ui.cursor_screen_pos();\n                        let text_size = ui.calc_text_size(formatted_text.clone());\n                        let bounding_box = imgui::sys::ImVec2 {\n                            x: text_location[0] + text_size[0],\n                            y: text_location[1] + text_size[1],\n                        };\n\n                        let hovering = ui.is_mouse_hovering_rect(text_location, [bounding_box.x, bounding_box.y]);\n                        let is_active = data_offset == active as i32;\n\n                        ui.text_colored(if hovering {\n                            [0., 1., 1., 1.]\n                        } else if is_active {\n                            [1., 0., 1., 1.]\n                        } else {\n                            [1., 1., 0., 1.]\n                        }, formatted_text.clone());\n\n                        // if we are hovering show that at the bottom...\n                        if hovering {\n                            // Optionally change the text color to indicate it's interactable\n                            current_x_hover = current_column;\n                            current_y_hover = current_row;\n\n                            // Check if the left mouse button is clicked while hovering over the text\n                            if ui.is_mouse_clicked(imgui::MouseButton::Left) {\n                                debug!(\"Offset: [{}] [0x{:02x}] Value: [{}]\", data_offset, data_offset, formatted_text.clone());\n                                // Perform any action here, e.g., call a function, trigger an event, etc.\n                            }\n                        }\n\n                        // are we on the same line?\n                        if current_column != (cols - 1) {\n                            ui.same_line();\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n                ui.text(format!(\"Offset 0x{:03x}\", current_x_hover * cols + current_y_hover));\n            });\n    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std::ffi::OsString;\nuse std::fs::read_dir;\nuse std::path::PathBuf;\nuse imgui::Ui;\nuse log::debug;\n\npub struct GuiFileList {}\n\nimpl GuiFileList {\n    pub fn display_path(root: PathBuf, selected_filename: \u0026String, ui: \u0026Ui) -\u003e String {\n        let mut working_filename = selected_filename.clone();\n        ui.text(format!(\"Displaying {}\", root.to_str().unwrap_or(\"Unable to parse path\")));\n\n        let mut known_files: Vec\u003cOsString\u003e = vec![];\n\n     //   println!(\"STARTING AT {:?}\", std::env::current_dir());\n        for entry in read_dir(root.as_path()).unwrap() {\n            known_files.push(entry.unwrap().file_name());\n        }\n\n        known_files.sort();\n\n        for (index, entry) in known_files.iter().enumerate() {\n            let mut working_select = ui.selectable_config(entry.clone().into_string().unwrap().to_string());\n            if *entry.to_str().unwrap() == *selected_filename.as_str() {\n                working_select = working_select.selected(true);\n            }\n            if working_select.build() {\n                debug!(\"SELECTED {index} / {entry:?}\");\n                working_filename = entry.clone().into_string().unwrap();\n            };\n        }\n        working_filename\n    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// ignore errors?\n        let _ = self.0.set_contents(text.to_owned());\n    }\n}\n\npub const FONT_SIZE: f32 = 13.0;\n\n#[allow(dead_code)] // annoyingly, RA yells that this is unusued\npub fn simple_init\u003cF: FnMut(\u0026mut bool, \u0026mut Ui) + 'static\u003e(title: \u0026str, run_ui: F) {\n    init_with_startup(title, |_, _, _| {}, run_ui);\n}\n\npub fn init_with_startup\u003cFInit, FUi\u003e(title: \u0026str, mut startup: FInit, mut run_ui: FUi)\nwhere\n    FInit: FnMut(\u0026mut Context, \u0026mut Renderer, \u0026Display\u003cWindowSurface\u003e) + 'static,\n    FUi: FnMut(\u0026mut bool, \u0026mut Ui) + 'static,\n{\n    let mut imgui = create_context();\n\n    let title = match Path::new(\u0026title).file_name() {\n        Some(file_name) =\u003e file_name.to_str().unwrap(),\n        None =\u003e title,\n    };\n    let event_loop = EventLoop::new().expect(\"Failed to create EventLoop\");\n\n    let builder = WindowBuilder::new()\n        .with_maximized(true)\n        .with_title(title);\n      //  .with_inner_size(LogicalSize::new(1024, 768));\n    let (window, display) = glium::backend::glutin::SimpleWindowBuilder::new()\n        .set_window_builder(builder)\n        .build(\u0026event_loop);\n    let mut renderer = Renderer::init(\u0026mut imgui, \u0026display).expect(\"Failed to initialize renderer\");\n\n    if let Some(backend) = clipboard_init() {\n        imgui.set_clipboard_backend(backend);\n    } else {\n        eprintln!(\"Failed to initialize clipboard\");\n    }\n\n    let mut platform = WinitPlatform::init(\u0026mut imgui);\n    {\n        let dpi_mode = if let Ok(factor) = std::env::var(\"IMGUI_EXAMPLE_FORCE_DPI_FACTOR\") {\n            // Allow forcing of HiDPI factor for debugging purposes\n            match factor.parse::\u003cf64\u003e() {\n                Ok(f) =\u003e HiDpiMode::Locked(f),\n                Err(e) =\u003e panic!(\"Invalid scaling factor: {}\", e),\n            }\n        } else {\n            HiDpiMode::Default\n        };\n\n        platform.attach_window(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, dpi_mode);\n    }\n\n    let mut last_frame = Instant::now();\n\n    startup(\u0026mut imgui, \u0026mut renderer, \u0026display);\n\n    event_loop\n        .run(move |event, window_target| match event {\n            Event::NewEvents(_) =\u003e {\n                let now = Instant::now();\n                imgui.io_mut().update_delta_time(now - last_frame);\n                last_frame = now;\n            }\n            Event::AboutToWait =\u003e {\n                platform\n                    .prepare_frame(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window)\n                    .expect(\"Failed to prepare frame\");\n                window.request_redraw();\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::RedrawRequested,\n                ..\n            } =\u003e {\n                let ui = imgui.frame();\n\n                let mut run = true;\n                run_ui(\u0026mut run, ui);\n                if !run {\n                    window_target.exit();\n                }\n\n                let mut target = display.draw();\n                target.clear_color_srgb(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);\n                platform.prepare_render(ui, \u0026window);\n                let draw_data = imgui.render();\n                renderer\n                    .render(\u0026mut target, draw_data)\n                    .expect(\"Rendering failed\");\n                target.finish().expect(\"Failed to swap buffers\");\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::Resized(new_size),\n                ..\n            } =\u003e {\n                if new_size.width \u003e 0 \u0026\u0026 new_size.height \u003e 0 {\n                    display.resize((new_size.width, new_size.height));\n                }\n                platform.handle_event(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, \u0026event);\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::CloseRequested,\n                ..\n            } =\u003e window_target.exit(),\n            event =\u003e {\n                platform.handle_event(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, \u0026event);\n            }\n        })\n        .expect(\"EventLoop error\");\n}\n\n/// Creates the imgui context\npub fn create_context() -\u003e imgui::Context {\n    let mut imgui = Context::create();\n    // Fixed font size. Note imgui_winit_support uses \"logical\n    // pixels\", which are physical pixels scaled by the devices\n    // scaling factor. Meaning, 13.0 pixels should look the same size\n    // on two different screens, and thus we do not need to scale this\n    // value (as the scaling is handled by winit)\n    imgui.fonts().add_font(\u0026[\n        FontSource::TtfData {\n            data: include_bytes!(\"../../../../resources/Roboto-Regular.ttf\"),\n            size_pixels: FONT_SIZE,\n            config: Some(FontConfig {\n                // As imgui-glium-renderer isn't gamma-correct with\n                // it's font rendering, we apply an arbitrary\n                // multiplier to make the font a bit \"heavier\". With\n                // default imgui-glow-renderer this is unnecessary.\n                rasterizer_multiply: 1.5,\n                // Oversampling font helps improve text rendering at\n                // expense of larger font atlas texture.\n                oversample_h: 4,\n                oversample_v: 4,\n                ..FontConfig::default()\n            }),\n        },\n        FontSource::TtfData {\n            data: include_bytes!(\"../../../../resources/mplus-1p-regular.ttf\"),\n            size_pixels: FONT_SIZE,\n            config: Some(FontConfig {\n                // Oversampling font helps improve text rendering at\n                // expense of larger font atlas texture.\n                oversample_h: 4,\n                oversample_v: 4,\n                // Range of glyphs to rasterize\n                glyph_ranges: FontGlyphRanges::japanese(),\n                ..FontConfig::default()\n            }),\n        },\n    ]);\n    imgui.set_ini_filename(None);\n\n    imgui\n}\n","traces":[{"line":21,"address":[4314784],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[4314801],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[4314864],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[4314883],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[4314928],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[4314951],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[3286062,3283008,3285079],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3283220,3283313],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[3283435,3283621],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[3283819,3283776],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3284095,3284143],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[3284821,3285001],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[3286588],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[3286703],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":97,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":100,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":109,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":114,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":115,"address":[3287075],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":117,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":118,"address":[3287245],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":120,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":121,"address":[3287309],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":123,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":124,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":125,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":126,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":127,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":128,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":130,"address":[3286838,3286942],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":132,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":133,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":134,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":136,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":137,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":144,"address":[4316556,4315008],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":145,"address":[4315025],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":151,"address":[4315049,4316150],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":152,"address":[4315448],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":155,"address":[4315125],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":165,"address":[4315106],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":168,"address":[4316016],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":171,"address":[4315701],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":177,"address":[4315582],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":178,"address":[4315667],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":182,"address":[4316495],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":184,"address":[4316528],"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std::time::Instant;\nuse imgui::ImColor32;\n\npub struct ImGuiUiState {\n    pub show_registers: bool,\n    pub show_memory: bool,\n    pub show_video: bool,\n    pub show_keypad: bool,\n    pub filename_to_load: String,\n    pub on_colour: ImColor32,\n    pub off_colour: ImColor32,\n    pub is_running: bool,\n    pub frame_time: u32,\n    pub last_frame_instant: Instant,\n    pub target_ips: i32\n}\n\nimpl Clone for ImGuiUiState {\n    fn clone(\u0026self) -\u003e Self {\n        ImGuiUiState {\n            show_registers: self.show_registers,\n            show_memory: self.show_memory,\n            show_video: self.show_video,\n            show_keypad: self.show_keypad,\n            filename_to_load: self.filename_to_load.to_string(),\n            on_colour: self.on_colour,\n            off_colour: self.off_colour,\n            is_running: self.is_running,\n            frame_time: self.frame_time,\n            last_frame_instant: self.last_frame_instant,\n            target_ips: self.target_ips\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for ImGuiUiState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        ImGuiUiState {\n            show_registers: false,\n            show_memory: false,\n            show_video: true,\n            show_keypad: true,\n            filename_to_load: String::new(),\n            on_colour: ImColor32::from_rgb(0xff, 0xff, 0x00),\n            off_colour: ImColor32::from_rgb(0x00, 0xff, 0xff),\n            is_running: false,\n            frame_time: 16,\n            last_frame_instant: Instant::now(),\n            target_ips: 200000\n        }\n    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support;\nuse std::{sync::Arc, time::Instant};\nuse anyhow::Context;\nuse egui::TextBuffer;\nuse egui_glow::glow::{HasContext, COLOR_BUFFER_BIT};\nuse egui_sdl2_platform::sdl2;\nuse sdl2::event::{Event, WindowEvent};\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse support::timestep::TimeStep;\nuse crate::support::gemma_egui_support::GemmaEguiSupport;\n\nconst SCREEN_WIDTH: u32 = 800;\nconst SCREEN_HEIGHT: u32 = 480;\n\nasync fn run() -\u003e anyhow::Result\u003cString\u003e {\n    // Initialize SDL2 and video subsystem\n    let sdl = sdl2::init().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to create SDL context: {}\", e))?;\n    let mut video = sdl.video().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to initialize SDL video subsystem: {}\", e))?;\n\n    // Create SDL2 window and OpenGL context\n    let window = video.window(\"Window\", SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT)\n        .opengl()\n        .position_centered()\n        .build()?;\n    let _gl_context = window.gl_create_context().expect(\"Failed to create GL context\");\n\n    // Load OpenGL functions\n    let gl = unsafe {\n        egui_glow::painter::Context::from_loader_function(|name| {\n            video.gl_get_proc_address(name) as *const _\n        })\n    };\n    let mut painter = egui_glow::Painter::new(Arc::new(gl), \"\", None)?;\n\n    // Setup Egui and SDL2 platform\n    let mut platform = egui_sdl2_platform::Platform::new(window.size())?;\n    let mut event_pump = sdl.event_pump().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to get SDL event pump: {}\", e))?;\n\n    // Initial settings\n    let color = [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]; // Background color\n    let start_time = Instant::now();\n    let mut timestep = TimeStep::new();\n\n    let mut computer = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let mut is_running: bool = false;\n    computer.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026std::fs::read(\"resources/roms/3-corax+.ch8\")?);\n\n    // Main loop\n    'main: loop {\n        // Update the Egui platform with the current time\n        platform.update_time(start_time.elapsed().as_secs_f64());\n\n        // Begin Egui frame\n        let ctx = platform.context();\n\n        if is_running {\n            computer.step_system();\n        }\n\n        egui::Window::new(\"Hello, world!\").show(\u0026ctx, |ui| {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::video_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n            GemmaEguiSupport::memory_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n            GemmaEguiSupport::registers_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n        });\n\n        // Process Egui frame\n        let full_output = platform.end_frame(\u0026mut video)?;\n        let paint_jobs = platform.tessellate(\u0026full_output);\n\n        // Clear the screen with the current color\n        unsafe {\n            painter.gl().clear_color(color[0], color[1], color[2], 1.0);\n            painter.gl().clear(COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);\n        }\n\n        // Paint Egui outputs and update textures\n        let size = window.size();\n        painter.paint_and_update_textures([size.0, size.1], 1.0, paint_jobs.as_slice(), \u0026full_output.textures_delta);\n        window.gl_swap_window();\n\n        // Run the timestep logic\n        timestep.run_this(|_| {});\n\n        // Handle SDL2 events\n        for event in event_pump.poll_iter() {\n            match event {\n                Event::Quit { .. }\n                | Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::Escape), .. } =\u003e break 'main,\n                Event::Window { window_id, win_event, .. } if window_id == window.id() =\u003e {\n                    if let WindowEvent::Close = win_event {\n                        break 'main;\n                    }\n                }\n                Event::KeyUp { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F3), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F3 -\u003e running\");\n                    is_running = true;\n                }\n                Event::KeyUp { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F4), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F4 -\u003e stopping\");\n                    is_running = false;\n                }\n                Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F5), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F5 -\u003e Step\");\n                    computer.step_system();\n                }\n                Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F6), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F6 -\u003e RESET\");\n                    computer.reset();\n                }\n                Event::ControllerButtonDown { which, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"PLAYER {which} DOWN\");\n                }\n                Event::ControllerButtonDown { button, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"BUTTON {:?}\", button);\n                }\n                Event::JoyButtonDown {button_idx, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"JoyButtonDown {}\", button_idx);\n                }\n                Event::JoyAxisMotion { which, axis_idx, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"JoyAxismotion {which} {axis_idx}\");\n                }\n                _ =\u003e platform.handle_event(\u0026event, \u0026sdl, \u0026video),\n            }\n        }\n\n        // Optionally log the frame rate\n        if let Some(fps) = timestep.frame_rate() {\n            println!(\"{:?} fps\", fps);\n        }\n\n        let num_js = sdl.joystick().unwrap().num_joysticks().unwrap();\n        println!(\"NUM JS = {num_js}\");\n    }\n\n    Ok((\"\").parse()?)\n}\n\nfn main() -\u003e anyhow::Result\u003c()\u003e {\n    pollster::block_on(run())?;\n    Ok(())\n}\n","traces":[{"line":15,"address":[749333,749390,756584,754078,749264],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[749466,756729,756624,756853,756579,749383,749572],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":18,"address":[749828,756577,756928,749565,749673,757033,757157],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[750168,749913,749989,749777],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[750245],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[757232,750346],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[757250],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[756496,750405,750650],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[750952,750773,750617,756475],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[750945,751227,756454,757264,757369,757493,751053],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":40,"address":[751157],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[751201,751327],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[751350],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[751357],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[751376],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":46,"address":[751471,751384,756414],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[751713],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[751829],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[751872],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[751909,751972],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[757568,751882,752006],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[757586],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[757600],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[757614],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[752256,752028],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[752229],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[752341,752449],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[752542],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[752608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[752657],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[752765],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[757643,752792,757632],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[752799,752902],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[755871,754814,754224,752950],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[754155,754721],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[754773],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[755986],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":95,"address":[755907,755959],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[755978],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[756018],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[755933,755991],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":100,"address":[756010],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[755823],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[755785,754865],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[755804],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[755866],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[754894,755828],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[755847],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[754540],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[756297],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[754411],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":117,"address":[756223],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[754268],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":120,"address":[756133],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":122,"address":[754087,756371],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":127,"address":[753010,752895],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":128,"address":[753190],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":131,"address":[753813,753183,753500],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":132,"address":[753949],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[755064,754997],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":138,"address":[771248],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":139,"address":[771255,771424],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":140,"address":[771413],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":63},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_support.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::read_dir;\nuse std::path::PathBuf;\nuse egui::{Align, Color32, ComboBox, Pos2, TextBuffer};\nuse egui::Rect;\nuse egui::Vec2;\nuse egui::Ui;\nuse crate::Chip8Computer;\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: f32 = 5.0;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: f32 = 5.0;\n\npub struct EGuiFileList {}\nimpl EGuiFileList {\n    pub fn display_path(root: PathBuf, selected_filename: \u0026mut String, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let working_filename = selected_filename.clone();\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n           //  ui.label(format!(\"Displaying {}\", root.to_str().unwrap_or(\"Unable to Load Path\")));\n            ComboBox::from_label(\"Select ROM\")\n                .selected_text(selected_filename.clone())\n                .show_ui(ui, |ui| {\n\n                    let mut sorted_options = vec![];\n                    for option in read_dir(root.as_path()).unwrap() {\n                        let to_push = option.unwrap().file_name().into_string().unwrap_or( String::new());\n                        sorted_options.push(to_push);\n                    }\n\n                    sorted_options.sort();\n                    for item in sorted_options {\n                    // Add each option to the ComboBox\n                      if  ui.selectable_label(selected_filename.eq(\u0026item.as_str()), item.clone()).clicked()\n                        {\n                            *selected_filename = item;\n                        }\n                    }\n                });\n            // Display the selected option\n        });\n    }\n}\n\npub struct GemmaEguiSupport {}\n\nimpl GemmaEguiSupport {\n    pub fn controls_view(system: \u0026mut Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n         ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n             if ui.button(\"Start\").clicked() {\n                 println!(\"Start\");\n          //       state.is_running = true;\n             }\n             if ui.button(\"Step\").clicked() {\n                 system.step_system();\n             }\n\n             if ui.button(\"Stop\").clicked() {\n                 println!(\"STOP\");\n            //     state.is_running = false;\n             }\n             if ui.button(\"Reset\").clicked() {\n                 system.reset();\n              //   state.is_running = false;\n             }\n         });\n\n     //       if ui.button(format!(\"Load {}\", state.selected_rom_filename)).clicked() {\n                // load the bin...\n       //         let read_bin = std::fs::read(PathBuf::from(format!(\"resources/roms/{}\", state.selected_rom_filename))).unwrap();\n                // ...then feed the system.\n       //         system.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026read_bin);\n       //         println!(\"Loaded {}\", state.selected_rom_filename);\n       //     }\n       //      EGuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(\"resources/roms\"), \u0026mut state.selected_rom_filename, ui);\n\n\n\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(Align::TOP), |ui| {\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_memory, \"Display Memory\");\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_video, \"Display Video\");\n         //   ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_registers, \"Display Registers\");\n        });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(format!(\"V0-7: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x00),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x01),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x02),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x03),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x04),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x05),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x06),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x07)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"V8-F: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x08),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x09),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0A),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0B),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0C),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0D),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0E),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0F)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"PC: {:04x}\\tI: {:04x}\", system.registers.peek_pc(), system.registers.peek_i()));\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let (_resp, painter) = ui.allocate_painter(Vec2::new(350.0, 165.0), egui::Sense::hover());\n        for current_row in 0..32 {\n            for current_col in 0..64 {\n                let data_offset = current_row * 64 + current_col;\n                let x_offset = current_col as f32 * CELL_WIDTH;\n                let y_offset = current_row as f32 * CELL_HEIGHT;\n                let origin = Pos2::new(x_offset, y_offset);\n                let colour = if system.video_memory.peek(data_offset) {\n                    Color32::RED\n                } else {\n                    Color32::WHITE\n                };\n                let rect = Rect::from_min_size(origin, Vec2::new(CELL_WIDTH, CELL_HEIGHT));\n                painter.rect_filled(rect, 0.0, colour);\n                // println!(\"Cell {current_col}x{current_row} at {}x{} -\u003e {}\",\n                //          origin.x, origin.y,\n                //          system.video_memory.peek(data_offset));\n            }\n        }\n    //    thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));\n    }\n\n    pub fn memory_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(\"Memory View\");\n\n        for i in (0..=0x200).step_by(16) {\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                for y in 0..16 {\n                    ui.label(format!(\"{:02x}\", system.memory.peek((i + y) as u16)).as_str());\n                }\n            });\n        }\n        ui.label(\"Should have **something** to adjust the 'memory window'\");\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[773711,773280],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":15,"address":[773310],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":16,"address":[766688,766929,766961],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":18,"address":[766717,766827,766892],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[766762,766874,766942],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[766976,769164,768759,766882],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[767012],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[767534,767173,767399,769119,767069,767563],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[768790,769154],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[769048],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[767805],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[768079,768735,767839,768029],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[768722,768430,768119,768229],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[768541],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[773744],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":46,"address":[773874],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[769225,769336],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[769411],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[769574,769451],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[769658],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[769674,769797],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[769881],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[769921,770044],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[770125],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[770176],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":83,"address":[774224],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":84,"address":[776312,776776,777472,775848,777849,775360,776544,777240,777008,776080],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[774272],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[774406],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[774543],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":88,"address":[774680],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[774817],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[774954],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[775091],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[775228],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[779460,778972,780156,780388,779692,780620,780852,781464,781084,779924],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":95,"address":[777881],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[778018],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":97,"address":[778155],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[778292],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[778429],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":101,"address":[778703],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[778840],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[782062,781766,781505,782294,782477,781638],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[783904,782528],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[782583],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":109,"address":[782961,783065,782879],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[783184,783086],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[783299,783468],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":112,"address":[783388],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":113,"address":[783422],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":114,"address":[783508],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":115,"address":[783589,783544],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[783591],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":118,"address":[783576],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":121,"address":[783818],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":130,"address":[783936],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":131,"address":[783969],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":133,"address":[784216,784003],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":134,"address":[770192,770987],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[770222,770280],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":136,"address":[770291,770847,770665,770417],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":140,"address":[784158],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":63},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","mod.rs"],"content":"pub mod timestep;\npub mod gemma_egui_support;\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","timestep.rs"],"content":"\n//! Gameplay speed control. It attempts to mimic/limit progression to\n//! the 30 tics per second Doom used.\n\nuse std::{fmt, time::Instant};\n\nconst MS_PER_UPDATE: f32 = 28.57;\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\npub struct TimeStep {\n    last_time: Instant,\n    delta_time: f32,\n    frame_count: u32,\n    frame_time: f32,\n    run_tics: u32,\n    last_tics: u32,\n    lag: f32,\n}\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\npub struct FrameData {\n    pub tics: u32,\n    pub frames: u32,\n}\n\nimpl fmt::Display for FrameData {\n    fn fmt(\u0026self, f: \u0026mut fmt::Formatter\u003c'_\u003e) -\u003e fmt::Result {\n        f.write_fmt(format_args!(\n            \"FrameData (per-second):\\n  - tics: {}\\n  -  fps: {}\",\n            self.tics, self.frames\n        ))\n    }\n}\n\nimpl TimeStep {\n    pub fn new() -\u003e TimeStep {\n        TimeStep {\n            last_time: Instant::now(),\n            delta_time: 0.0,\n            frame_count: 0,\n            frame_time: 0.0,\n            run_tics: 0,\n            last_tics: 0,\n            lag: 0.0,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn delta(\u0026mut self) -\u003e f32 {\n        let current_time = Instant::now();\n        let delta = current_time.duration_since(self.last_time).as_micros() as f32 * 0.001;\n        self.last_time = current_time;\n        self.delta_time = delta;\n        delta\n    }\n\n    /// Increments self time and returns current lag. `run_this` is run only for\n    /// `n` tics available.\n    pub fn run_this(\u0026mut self, mut run_this: impl FnMut(f32)) {\n        let dt = self.delta();\n        self.lag += dt;\n        while self.lag \u003e= MS_PER_UPDATE {\n            run_this(dt);\n            self.lag -= MS_PER_UPDATE;\n            self.run_tics += 1;\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn frame_rate(\u0026mut self) -\u003e Option\u003cFrameData\u003e {\n        self.frame_count += 1;\n        self.frame_time += self.delta_time;\n        let tmp;\n        let tmp2;\n        // per second\n        if self.frame_time \u003e= 1000.0 {\n            tmp = self.frame_count;\n            tmp2 = self.last_tics;\n            self.frame_count = 0;\n            self.frame_time = 0.0;\n            self.last_tics = self.run_tics;\n            return Some(FrameData {\n                tics: self.run_tics - tmp2,\n                frames: tmp,\n            });\n        }\n\n        None\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for TimeStep {\n    // shutup clippy!\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self::new()\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":27,"address":[746928],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[747032,747116],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[747216],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[747230],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[747312],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[747325],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[747347],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[747423],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[747438],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[747456],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[747542,747480],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[747507],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[747522],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[747576],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[747586],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[747593],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[747600],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[747608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[747653],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[747667,747614],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[747563],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[747696],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[747704],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":30},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmatelnet","src","bin","gemmatelnetd.rs"],"content":"fn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n}","traces":[{"line":1,"address":[116128,116080],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":2,"address":[116084],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":1,"coverable":2},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","bin2hex.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::File;\nuse std::io;\nuse std::io::{BufReader, Read};\nuse clap::{Arg, Command};\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\nstruct CliArgs {\n    input: String,\n}\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft!\");\n    // Set up the command line arguments\n    let matches = Command::new(\"my_program\")\n        .about(\"Processes an input file and outputs it with a specified bit width\")\n        .arg(\n            Arg::new(\"input\")\n                .help(\"The input file to process\")\n                .required(true)\n                .index(1),\n        )\n\n        .get_matches();\n\n    // Parse the command-line arguments\n    let args = CliArgs {\n        input: matches.get_one::\u003cString\u003e(\"input\").unwrap().to_string(),\n    };\n\n    // Use the parsed arguments\n    println!(\"Input file: {}\", args.input);\n\n    // behave like a shift register and load each character from the file 1 by 1.\n    let results = read_file_to_bools(\u0026args.input);\n    for result in results.unwrap().bytes() {\n        print!(\"0x{:02x}, \", result.unwrap());\n    }\n}\nfn read_file_to_bools(file_path: \u0026str) -\u003e io::Result\u003cVec\u003cu8\u003e\u003e {\n    // Open the file\n    let file = File::open(file_path)?;\n    let mut reader = BufReader::new(file);\n\n    let mut bytes = Vec::new();\n    reader.read_to_end(\u0026mut bytes)?;\n\n    let mut output = Vec::new();\n    let mut current_byte = 0u8;\n    let mut bit_index = 0;\n\n    for \u0026byte in \u0026bytes {\n        // Convert ASCII character '1' or '0' to boolean, skip any other characters\n        let bit = match byte {\n            b'1' =\u003e true,\n            b'0' =\u003e false,\n            _ =\u003e continue,  // Skip non-'1' or '0' characters\n        };\n\n        // Set the appropriate bit in the current byte\n        if bit {\n            current_byte |= 1 \u003c\u003c (7 - bit_index);  // Set the bit at the correct position\n        }\n\n        bit_index += 1;\n\n        // Once we have filled 8 bits, push the byte and reset\n        if bit_index == 8 {\n            output.push(current_byte);\n            current_byte = 0;\n            bit_index = 0;\n        }\n    }\n\n    // If there are remaining bits, push the last byte (it will be partially filled)\n    if bit_index \u003e 0 {\n        output.push(current_byte);\n    }\n\n\n\n    Ok(output)\n}\n\n","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[247058,244912],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":12,"address":[244934],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":14,"address":[245315,245240,244991],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[245073,245145],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[245497,245328],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[245724],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[245801],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[246313,246173,246070],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[246685,246949,246568],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[247104,248248,248192],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[247235,247137],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[247203],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[247314],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[247442,247374,247536],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[247524],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[247569],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[247577],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[247596,247667,247761],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[247782],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[247950],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[247960],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[248077,247968],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[248079,247998],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[248123,248101,247978],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[248108,248187],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[248141],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[248168],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[248176],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[247749],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[247885],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[247811],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":31},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","ch8asm.rs"],"content":"use std::fs;\n// Ch8Asm\n// Converts well formed CH8ASM.\n// no variables.\n// no labels.\n// nothing fun.\nuse pest::Parser;\nuse pest_derive::Parser;\n\n#[derive(Parser)]\n#[grammar = \"chip8_asm.pest\"]\npub struct Chip8AsmParser;\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n\n    let unparsed = fs::read_to_string(\"resources/test/gemma_disassembler_1_chip_logo_ch8_asm.asc\").expect(\"Unable to read input\");\n\n    let file = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::file, \u0026unparsed).expect(\"Unable to parse.  Try again.\")\n        .next().unwrap();\n\n    for record in file.into_inner() {\n        match record.as_rule() {\n            Rule::instruction =\u003e {\n                println!(\"INSTRUCTION = {:?}\", record.into_inner().flatten())\n            }\n            _ =\u003e {\n                println!(\"UNHANDLED PART.\");\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}\n\n#[cfg(test)]\nmod test {\n    use pest::Parser;\n    use crate::{Chip8AsmParser, Rule};\n\n    #[test]\n    fn bits_all_parse() {\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::instruction, \"CLS\")\n        );\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::parameter, \"0x01\")\n        );\n        let parsed = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::comment, \"; comment\").unwrap();\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"PARSED COMMENT -\u003e {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        let parsed =\n            Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"CLS ; comment\").unwrap();\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"RULE PAIR THING: {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        let parsed = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADDI 0x01 ; comment\");\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"RULE PAIR THING: {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD ADD ADD\")\n        );\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD 0x01 0x02 ; Comment\")\n        );\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD 0x01 0x02 ; Comment\")\n        );\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[366113,364768,366019],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":15,"address":[364775],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[364831],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[364978,364902],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[365428,365237,366057,365472],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[365536,365619],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[365891,365640,365764],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[365719,366028],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":8},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","ch8disasm.rs"],"content":"use std::path::Path;\nuse clap::{command, Parser};\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION;\nuse gemma::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode::Chip8;\n\n/// ch8disasm\n///\n/// Provide disassembled version of the CH8 file provided.\n#[derive(Parser)]\n#[command(version, about, long_about = None)]\nstruct DisassemblerApp {\n    #[arg(short)]\n    input_file: Box\u003cPath\u003e,\n    #[arg(short)]\n    output_file: Option\u003cBox\u003cPath\u003e\u003e,\n}\n\nstruct Disassembler {}\nimpl Disassembler {\n    pub fn disassemble(from_data: Vec\u003cu8\u003e) -\u003e String {\n        let mut working_instruction: u16 = 0x0000;\n\n        // read the input data and loop through it byte by byte.\n        let mut output_string = String::new();\n\n        for (offset, byte) in from_data.iter().enumerate() {\n            working_instruction = (working_instruction \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16);\n            if offset % 2 != 0 {\n                let decoded = Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(working_instruction, \u0026Chip8);\n                let decoded_string = decoded.to_string();\n                let mut current_parts = String::new();\n\n                match decoded {\n                    XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e {\n                        current_parts = format!(\"DW 0x{:04x}\", working_instruction);\n                    }\n                    _ =\u003e {\n                        current_parts = format!(\"{}\", decoded);\n                    }\n                };\n\n                let target_length: i32 = 25;\n                let spacing_length = target_length.saturating_sub(current_parts.len() as i32);\n\n                // now add the rest after the string\n                let x = spacing_length as usize;\n                current_parts = format!(\"{}{:\u003cx$}; Bytes [0x{:04x}] offset [0x{:04x}]\\n\", current_parts, \" \", working_instruction, offset -1);\n                //   println!(\"SHOULD OUTPUT: [{current_parts}]\");\n                output_string = output_string.to_string() + \u0026*current_parts.to_string();\n\n                working_instruction = 0x0000;\n            }\n        }\n\n        output_string\n    }\n}\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n    let result = DisassemblerApp::parse();\n    println!(\"PREPARING TO DISASSEMBLE {:?}\", result.input_file.file_name());\n\n\n    let source_file = result.input_file.to_str().unwrap();\n    let decompiled_program = Disassembler::disassemble(\n        std::fs::read(source_file).unwrap()\n    );\n\n\n    match result.output_file {\n        None =\u003e {\n            println!(\"Output to console.\");\n            println!(\"OS: \\n\\n{}\", decompiled_program);\n        }\n        Some(target) =\u003e {\n            println!(\"Output to {:?}\", target);\n            std::fs::write(target, decompiled_program).unwrap();\n        }\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":21,"address":[380976,376560],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[376602],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[376628],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[376759,376687,377041],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[377083],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[377129],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[377143],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[377214],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[377229],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[377280],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[377568,377986,377832],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[378414],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[378151,378272],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[376591],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[378492,378136,378424],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[378499],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[378841,380156,379924,380403,378984,379692,379080,379460],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[380935,380545],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[380884],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[376984],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[381008,382871,382801],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[381015],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[381079],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[381333,381100,381207],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":66,"address":[381402,381554],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[381578],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[381843],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[382105,381872],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[382234],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[381901],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[382385],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[382454],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":32},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","tests","assmber_tests.rs"],"content":"","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0}]};
+        var previousData = {"files":[{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","bin","speedtest.rs"],"content":"use gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\nuse std::fs::File;\nuse std::io::Read;\nuse std::ops::Add;\nuse std::path::Path;\nuse std::time::{Duration, Instant};\n\nconst ROM_ROOT: \u0026str = \"resources/roms\";\n\nfn main() {\n    let mut x = Chip8ComputerManager::new();\n\n    let mut buffer = Vec::new();\n    let mut input_file =\n        File::open(Path::new(\u0026(ROM_ROOT.to_string() + \"/mandelbrot_bench.ch8\"))).expect(\"derp\");\n    input_file\n        .read_to_end(\u0026mut buffer)\n        .expect(\"unable to read file\");\n    x.load_new_program_to_system_memory((\u0026*buffer).into());\n\n    for _ in 0..10 {\n        let start_time = Instant::now();\n        let mut num_cycles = 0;\n        // how many instructions in 10s.\n        let end_time = start_time.add(Duration::from_secs(10));\n        while (Instant::now().le(\u0026end_time)) {\n            num_cycles += 1;\n            x.step();\n        }\n\n        let num = num_cycles\n            .to_string()\n            .as_bytes()\n            .rchunks(3)\n            .rev()\n            .map(std::str::from_utf8)\n            .collect::\u003cResult\u003cVec\u003c\u0026str\u003e, _\u003e\u003e()\n            .unwrap()\n            .join(\",\"); // separator\n\n        let num_ips = num_cycles / 1000000;\n        println!(\"Completed at {num_ips} Mips. ({num})\");\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[239099,237008,239164],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":12,"address":[237030],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":14,"address":[237055],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":15,"address":[237174,237106],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[237426],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[237519],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[237607],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[237756,237832],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[237861],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[237877],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[237955],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[238059,239138,239112],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[239159,239119],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[238052,238094,238551,238484,238185],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[238698,238862],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[238992],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":16},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","computer.rs"],"content":"use crate::chip8::delay_timer::DelayTimer;\nuse crate::chip8::keypad::Keypad;\nuse crate::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode;\nuse crate::chip8::registers::Chip8Registers;\nuse crate::chip8::sound_timer::SoundTimer;\nuse crate::chip8::stack::Chip8Stack;\nuse log::debug;\nuse serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};\n\nuse super::{\n    cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates, instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions,\n    system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory, video::Chip8Video,\n};\n\n#[derive(Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]\npub struct Chip8Computer {\n    pub num_cycles: i32,\n    pub memory: Chip8SystemMemory,\n    pub registers: Chip8Registers,\n    pub sound_timer: SoundTimer,\n    pub delay_timer: DelayTimer,\n    pub video_memory: Chip8Video,\n    pub state: Chip8CpuStates,\n    pub keypad: Keypad,\n    pub stack: Chip8Stack,\n    pub quirk_mode: QuirkMode,\n}\nimpl Default for Chip8Computer {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            num_cycles: 0,\n            memory: Chip8SystemMemory::default(),\n            video_memory: Chip8Video::default(),\n            registers: Chip8Registers::default(),\n            sound_timer: SoundTimer::new(),\n            delay_timer: DelayTimer::new(),\n            state: Chip8CpuStates::default(),\n            keypad: Keypad::default(),\n            stack: Chip8Stack::default(),\n            quirk_mode: QuirkMode::default(),\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Computer {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.video_memory.reset();\n        self.num_cycles = 0;\n        self.registers.reset();\n        self.delay_timer.reset();\n        self.sound_timer.reset();\n        self.stack.reset();\n        self.memory.reset();\n        self.quirk_mode = QuirkMode::Chip8;\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_keypad_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.keypad.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_registers_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.registers.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_video_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.clone().video_memory.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn new_with_program(new_program: Vec\u003cu16\u003e) -\u003e Self {\n        let mut working = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n        for (i, \u0026word) in new_program.iter().enumerate() {\n            let high = (word \u003e\u003e 8) as u8;\n            let low = (word \u0026 0xff) as u8;\n            let base_offset = (i * 2) as u16;\n            working.memory.poke(base_offset, high);\n            working.memory.poke(base_offset + 1, low);\n        }\n        working\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Computer::default()\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_bytes_to_memory(\u0026mut self, offset: u16, to_load: \u0026Vec\u003cu8\u003e) {\n        let total_len = to_load.len() as u16;\n        for current_index in 0..total_len {\n            let new_value = to_load[current_index as usize];\n            let new_location = current_index + offset;\n            self.memory.poke(new_location, new_value);\n        }\n        self.registers.set_pc(offset);\n    }\n\n    pub fn step_system(\u0026mut self) -\u003e \u0026mut Chip8Computer {\n        println!(\"Stepping System 1 Step\");\n        // read the next instruction\n        let local_memory = \u0026self.memory;\n\n        //    let mut working_instruction: u16 = 0b0000000000000000;\n        let start_pc = self.registers.peek_pc();\n        let high_byte = (local_memory.peek(start_pc) as u16).rotate_left(8);\n        let low_byte = local_memory.peek(start_pc + 1) as u16;\n        let result = high_byte | low_byte;\n        let decoded_instruction = Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(result, \u0026self.quirk_mode);\n        // todo: THIS IS BAD AND IS A SIDE EFFECT\n        decoded_instruction.execute(self);\n\n        match self.state {\n            Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction =\u003e {\n                println!(\"Ticking sound, delay, video\");\n                self.sound_timer.tick();\n                self.delay_timer.tick();\n                self.video_memory.tick();\n                self.num_cycles += 1;\n            }\n            Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey =\u003e {\n                debug!(\"waiting for a key press...\");\n            }\n            _ =\u003e {}\n        }\n        self\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":27,"address":[664464,664966],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":8}},{"line":30,"address":[1106384],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":11}},{"line":31,"address":[594686],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":32,"address":[40319087],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":33,"address":[594766],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":11}},{"line":34,"address":[791485],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":35,"address":[664620],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":11}},{"line":36,"address":[40319199],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":37,"address":[330246],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":11}},{"line":38,"address":[3515381],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":44,"address":[3515712],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":45,"address":[791885],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":46,"address":[330598],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":47,"address":[595201],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":48,"address":[1106930],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":49,"address":[40319619],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":50,"address":[1106964],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":51,"address":[40319650],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":52,"address":[665104],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":55,"address":[544288],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":56,"address":[40319713],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":59,"address":[330752],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":60,"address":[1107089],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":63,"address":[1107120,1107256],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":64,"address":[40319841],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":67,"address":[1107966,1107280],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[706757],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[1107701,1107379,1107448],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":71,"address":[1107756],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[792766],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[792782,792849],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[1107833],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[40320554],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[595950],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[40320672],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":80,"address":[40320680],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":11}},{"line":83,"address":[666144],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":84,"address":[3516909],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":85,"address":[40320760,40320849],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":8}},{"line":86,"address":[793184],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":87,"address":[707728,707673],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":88,"address":[40320939],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":90,"address":[1108151],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":93,"address":[596592],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":94,"address":[3517171],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":96,"address":[332005],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":99,"address":[666505],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":100,"address":[545751,545688],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":101,"address":[596783,596983],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":102,"address":[708001],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":103,"address":[708017],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":106,"address":[708056],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":108,"address":[708099],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":109,"address":[3517719],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":110,"address":[332338],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":111,"address":[546028],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":112,"address":[3517614],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":113,"address":[40321472],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":114,"address":[332492,332422,332503],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":117,"address":[793822,793928],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}}],"covered":51,"coverable":60},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","computer_manager.rs"],"content":"use std::thread;\nuse std::thread::sleep;\nuse std::time::{Duration, Instant};\nuse crate::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates;\nuse crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction;\npub enum ManagerDumpables {\n    Video,\n    Registers,\n    Keyboard\n}\n\npub struct Chip8ComputerManager {\n    core_should_run: bool,\n    one_step: bool,\n    core_cycle_timer: bool,\n    core_last_cycle_start: Instant,\n    computer: Chip8Computer\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8ComputerManager {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8ComputerManager {\n            core_should_run: false,\n            one_step: false,\n            core_cycle_timer: false,\n            core_last_cycle_start: Instant::now()   ,\n            computer: Chip8Computer::new()\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8ComputerManager {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.one_step = false;\n        self.core_should_run = false;\n        self.computer.reset();\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Chip8ComputerManager {\n        let core_handle = thread::spawn(move || {\n           loop {\n               let start_time = Instant::now();\n               let sleep_time = Instant::now().duration_since(start_time).as_millis();\n               sleep(Duration::from_millis((16 - sleep_time) as u64));\n           }\n        });\n\n        Chip8ComputerManager::default()\n    }\n\n    pub fn start(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.core_should_run = true;\n    }\n\n    pub fn stop(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.core_should_run = false\n    }\n\n    pub fn step(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.one_step = true;\n    }\n\n    pub fn state(\u0026mut self) -\u003e \u0026Chip8Computer {\n        \u0026self.computer\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick( \u0026mut self) -\u003e bool {\n     //   println!(\"STARTING TICK\");\n        let mut did_tick: bool = false;\n        if self.one_step | self.core_should_run  {\n            if let WaitingForInstruction = self.computer.state {\n                self.core_last_cycle_start = Instant::now();\n                self.computer.step_system();\n                did_tick = true\n             //   println!(\"SYSTEM STEP\");\n            }\n        };\n        if self.one_step {\n            println!(\"SYSTEM HALTED AFTER 1 STEP\");\n            // stop the CPU for the next cycle, we are only\n            // wanting one step.\n            self.one_step = false;\n            did_tick = true;\n        }\n        did_tick\n    }\n\n    pub fn press_key(\u0026mut self, key_index: u8) {\n        self.computer.keypad.push_key(key_index);\n        if matches!(self.computer.state, Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey) {\n            self.computer.state = WaitingForInstruction\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn release_key(\u0026mut self, key_index: u8) {\n        self.computer.keypad.release_key(key_index);\n    }\n\n    pub fn sound(managed: \u0026Chip8ComputerManager) -\u003e bool {\n        managed.computer.sound_timer.current() \u003e 0\n    }\n\n    pub fn wait_for_instruction(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.computer.state = WaitingForInstruction;\n    }\n\n    pub fn is_key_pressed(\u0026self, key_index: u8) -\u003e bool {\n        self.computer.keypad.pressed(key_index)\n    }\n\n    pub fn num_cycles(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        self.computer.num_cycles\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_new_program_to_system_memory(\u0026mut self, bytes_to_load: Vec\u003cu8\u003e) {\n        self.reset();\n        self.computer.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026bytes_to_load);\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_to_string(\u0026self, dump_type: ManagerDumpables) -\u003e String {\n        match dump_type {\n            ManagerDumpables::Video =\u003e {\n                self.computer.video_memory.format_as_string()\n            }\n            ManagerDumpables::Registers =\u003e {\n                self.computer.registers.format_as_string()\n            }\n            ManagerDumpables::Keyboard =\u003e {\n                self.computer.keypad.format_as_string()\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":22,"address":[3484112],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[40289536],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[40289550],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[40289648],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[553365],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[3484268],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[40289667],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[553392,553487],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":40,"address":[578688],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[780708],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[582012],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[40314602],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[40289712],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[553520],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[553525],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[3484432],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[260661],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[260672],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[40289845],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[553568],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[260704],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[3484493],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[3484498],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":71,"address":[553686,553639],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[40289940],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[553675],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[3484577],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[3484520,3484640],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[553699],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[553732],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":83,"address":[3484635],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[260807],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":88,"address":[3484656],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[260901],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[40290087],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[40290105],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[553840],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":95,"address":[260976],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[261008],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[3484789],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[3484816],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[40290213],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[3484848],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[553968],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[3484896],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[261125],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":114,"address":[3485014,3484912],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":115,"address":[3484930],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[261203],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[3485040],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":120,"address":[261278],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":122,"address":[554218],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":125,"address":[554236],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":128,"address":[554261],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":54},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","cpu_states.rs"],"content":"use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy, Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]\npub enum Chip8CpuStates {\n    #[default]\n    WaitingForInstruction,\n    WaitingForKey,\n    ExecutingInstruction,\n    Error,\n}\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","delay_timer.rs"],"content":"use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy, Serialize, Deserialize)]\npub struct DelayTimer {\n    counter: u8,\n}\n\nimpl Default for DelayTimer {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self::new()\n    }\n}\n\nimpl DelayTimer {\n    pub fn current(\u0026self) -\u003e u8 {\n        self.counter\n    }\n\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        DelayTimer { counter: 0xff }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.counter = 0xff;\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_timer(\u0026mut self, new_value: u8) {\n        self.counter = new_value\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        if self.counter \u003e 0 {\n            self.counter -= 1;\n        }\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":7,"address":[3521424],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":8,"address":[603009],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":13,"address":[40271456],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":14,"address":[40271461],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":23,"address":[782384],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":24,"address":[782389],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":27,"address":[580160],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":28,"address":[603084],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":31,"address":[40271520],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":32,"address":[782430,782471],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":33,"address":[782473,782445],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}}],"covered":11,"coverable":11},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","instructions.rs"],"content":"use crate::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey;\nuse crate::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::*;\nuse crate::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode;\nuse crate::chip8::util::InstructionUtil;\nuse crate::constants::*;\nuse log::debug;\nuse rand::Rng;\nuse serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};\nuse std::fmt::{Debug, Display, Formatter};\nuse std::ops::BitAnd;\nuse std::time::Instant;\n\n/*\nnnn or addr - A 12-bit value, the lowest 12 bits of the instruction\nn or nibble - A 4-bit value, the lowest 4 bits of the instruction\nx - A 4-bit value, the lower 4 bits of the high byte of the instruction\ny - A 4-bit value, the upper 4 bits of the low byte of the instruction\nkk or byte - An 8-bit value, the lowest 8 bits of the instruction\n */\n\n#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]\npub enum Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    /// 0nnn\n    /// Exit to System Call at nnn\n    SYS(u16),\n    /// 00E0\n    /// Clear the display.\n    CLS,\n    /// 00EE\n    /// Return from a subroutine.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter sets the program counter to the address at the top of the stack,\n    /// then subtracts 1 from the stack pointer.\n    RET,\n    /// 1nnn\n    /// Jump to location nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter sets the program counter to nnn.\n    JPA(u16),\n    /// 2nnn\n    /// Call subroutine at nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter increments the stack pointer, then puts the current PC on the top\n    /// of the stack. The PC is then set to nnn.\n    CALL(u16),\n    /// 0x3xkk\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are equal, increments the\n    /// program counter by 2.\n    SEX(u8, u8),\n    /// 4xkk\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx != kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are not equal, increments\n    /// the program counter by 2.\n    SNEB(u8, u8),\n    /// 5xy0\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx = Vy.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to register Vy, and if they are equal, increments\n    /// the program counter by 2.\n    SEY(u8, u8),\n    /// 6xkk\n    /// Set Vx = kk\n    LDR(u8, u8),\n    /// 7xkk\n    /// The interpreter puts the value kk into register Vx.\n    ADD(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy0\n    /// Adds the value kk to the value of register Vx, then stores the result in Vx.\n    LDRY(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy1\n    /// Stores the value of register Vy in register Vx.\n    OR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy2\n    /// Set Vx = Vx OR Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise OR on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the result in Vx.\n    /// A bitwise OR compares the corrseponding bits from two values, and if either\n    /// bit is 1, then the same bit in the result is also 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    AND(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy3\n    /// Set Vx = Vx AND Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise AND on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the result in Vx.\n    /// A bitwise AND compares the corrseponding bits from two values, and if both bits\n    /// are 1, then the same bit in the result is also 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    ORY(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy4\n    /// Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise exclusive OR on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the\n    /// result in Vx. An exclusive OR compares the corrseponding bits from two values,\n    /// and if the bits are not both the same, then the corresponding bit in the result\n    /// is set to 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    ADDR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy5\n    /// Set Vx = Vx + Vy, set VF = carry.\n    ///\n    /// The values of Vx and Vy are added together. If the result is greater than 8 bits\n    /// (i.e., \u003e 255,) VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Only the lowest 8 bits of the result\n    /// are kept, and stored in Vx.\n    SUB(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy6\n    /// Set Vx = Vx - Vy, set VF = NOT borrow.\n    ///\n    /// If Vx \u003e Vy, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vy is subtracted from Vx, and the\n    /// results stored in Vx.\n    SHR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy7\n    /// If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx\n    /// is divided by 2.\n    SUBC(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xye\n    /// Set Vx = Vy - Vx, set VF = NOT borrow.\n    //\n    /// If Vy \u003e Vx, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is subtracted from Vy, and the\n    /// results stored in Vx.\n    SHL(u8, u8),\n    /// 9xy0\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx != Vy.\n    ///\n    /// The values of Vx and Vy are compared, and if they are not equal, the program\n    /// counter is increased by 2.\n    SNEY(u8, u8),\n    /// Annn\n    /// Set I = nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The value of register I is set to nnn\n    LDIA(u16),\n    /// Bnnn\n    /// Jump to location nnn + V0.\n    ///\n    /// The program counter is set to nnn plus the value of V0.\n    JPI(u16),\n    /// Cxkk\n    /// Set Vx = random byte AND kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter generates a random number from 0 to 255, which is then\n    /// ANDed with the value kk. The results are stored in Vx. See instruction\n    /// 8xy2 for more information on AND.\n    RND(u8, u8),\n    /// Dxyn\n    /// Display n-byte sprite starting at memory location I at (Vx, Vy), set VF = collision.\n    ///\n    /// In Chip-8,\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter reads n bytes from memory, starting at the address stored in I.\n    /// These bytes are then displayed as sprites on screen at coordinates (Vx, Vy).\n    /// Sprites are XORed onto the existing screen. If this causes any pixels to be erased,\n    /// VF is set to 1, otherwise it is set to 0. If the sprite is positioned so part of\n    /// it is outside the coordinates of the display, it wraps around to the opposite side\n    /// of the screen. See instruction 8xy3 for more information on XOR, and section 2.4,\n    /// Display, for more information on the Chip-8 screen and sprites.\n    ///\n    /// In SCHIP\n    ///\n    /// Show N-byte sprite from M(I) at Coords (VX,VY) VF = Collision.\n    /// If N=0 AND ExtendedMode, 16x16 sprite\n    DRW(u8, u8, u8),\n    /// Ex9E\n    /// Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n    ///\n    /// Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently\n    /// in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n    SKP(u8),\n    /// ExA1\n    /// Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n    ///\n    /// Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in\n    /// the up position, PC is increased by 2.\n    /// On XO Chip, Skips 2 more bytes when the instruction is 4 bytes long\n    SKNP(u8),\n    /// Fx07\n    /// The value of DT is placed into Vx.\n    LDRD(u8),\n    /// Fx0A\n    /// Wait for a key press, store the value of the key in Vx.\n    ///\n    /// All execution stops until a key is pressed, then the value of that key is stored in Vx.\n    LDRK(u8),\n    /// Fx15\n    /// Set delay timer = Vx.\n    ///\n    /// DT is set equal to the value of Vx.\n    LDD(u8), // 0xFx15 Set Delay Timer\n    /// Fx18\n    /// Set sound timer = Vx.\n    ///\n    /// ST is set equal to the value of Vx.\n    LDIS(u8),\n    /// Fx1E - ADD I, Vx\n    /// Set I = I + Vx.\n    ///\n    /// The values of I and Vx are added, and the results are stored in I.\n    ADDI(u8),\n    /// Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n    /// Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n    ///\n    /// The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite\n    /// corresponding to the value of Vx. See section 2.4, Display, for\n    /// more information on the Chip-8 hexadecimal font.\n    LDFX(u8),\n    /// Fx33 - LD B, Vx\n    /// Store BCD representation of Vx in memory locations I, I+1, and I+2.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter takes the decimal value of Vx, and places the hundreds\n    /// digit in memory at location in I, the tens digit at location I+1, and the\n    /// ones digit at location I+2.\n    BCD(u8),\n    /// Fx55 - LD [I], Vx\n    /// Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter copies the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n    /// starting at the address in I.\n    LDIX(u8),\n    /// Fx65 - LD Vx, [I]\n    /// Read registers V0 through Vx from memory starting at location I.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter reads values from memory starting at location I into registers\n    /// V0 through Vx.\n    LDRI(u8),\n    XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n    // 00Dn - CHIP8 - SCHIP * XOCHIP\n    /* START OF SCHIP-8 */\n    /// 00CN - CHIP8 * SCHIP * XOCHIP\n    ///\n    /// Scrolll Display N Lines Down\n    SCD(u8),\n    /// 00FB\n    ///\n    /// Scroll 4 lines Right\n    SCR,\n    /// 00FC\n    ///\n    /// Scroll 4 lines Left\n    SCL,\n    /// 00FE\n    ///\n    /// Disable Extended Mode\n    LOW,\n    /// 00FF\n    ///\n    /// Enable Extended Mode\n    HIGH,\n    /// 00FD\n    ///\n    /// Exit App\n    EXIT,\n    /// FX30\n    ///\n    /// Point I to 10 yte font sprite for digit VX (0..9)\n    LDF2(u8),\n    /// FX75\n    ///\n    /// Store V0..VX in RPL user flags (X \u003c= 7\n    STR(u8),\n    /// FX85\n    ///\n    /// Load V0..VX from RPL user flags (X \u003c= 7)\n    LIDR(u8),\n    /// 0xBxNN\n    ///\n    /// Jump to Address XNN+Vx\n    JPX(u8, u16),\n    /// 0x00Cn\n    ///\n    /// scroll screen content down N pixel, in XO-CHIP only selected bit\n    /// planes are scrolled (Quirks are HP48 specific)\n    SCU(u8),\n}\n\nimpl Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    pub fn name(\u0026self) -\u003e \u0026str {\n        match self {\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(_) =\u003e INST_ADDI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(_, _) =\u003e INST_ADD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(_, _) =\u003e INST_ADDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(_, _) =\u003e INST_AND,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e INST_CLS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(_) =\u003e INST_CALL,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(_, _, _) =\u003e INST_DRW,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT =\u003e INST_EXIT,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(_) =\u003e INST_JPA,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(_) =\u003e INST_JPI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(_) =\u003e INST_BCD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(_) =\u003e INST_LDD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(_) =\u003e INST_LDF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(_) =\u003e INST_LDF2,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(_) =\u003e INST_LDIA,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(_) =\u003e INST_LDIX,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(_) =\u003e INST_LIDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(_) =\u003e INST_LDIS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(_, _) =\u003e INST_LDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(_) =\u003e INST_LDRD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(_) =\u003e INST_LDRI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(_) =\u003e INST_LDRK,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(_, _) =\u003e INST_LDRY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(_, _) =\u003e INST_OR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e INST_RET,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(_, _) =\u003e INST_RND,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(_) =\u003e INST_SCD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL =\u003e INST_SCL,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR =\u003e INST_SCR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(_, _) =\u003e INST_SEX,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(_, _) =\u003e INST_SEY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(_, _) =\u003e INST_SHL,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(_, _) =\u003e INST_SHR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(_) =\u003e INST_SKP,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(_, _) =\u003e INST_SNEB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(_, _) =\u003e INST_SNEY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(_) =\u003e INST_SKNP,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(_) =\u003e INST_STR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(_, _) =\u003e INST_SUB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(_, _) =\u003e INST_SUBC,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(_) =\u003e INST_SYS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LOW =\u003e INST_LOW,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH =\u003e INST_HIGH,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(_, _) =\u003e INST_ORY,\n            JPX(_, _) =\u003e INST_JPX,\n            XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e \"XX ERROR XX\",\n            SCU(_) =\u003e INST_SCU,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn operands(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        match self {\n            JPX(x, addr) =\u003e {\n                let addr_for_display = (*x as u16) \u003c\u003c 8 | *addr;\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}, 0x{addr_for_display:04x}\")\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(addr)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(addr)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(addr) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{addr:04x}\")\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(x, byte)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(x, byte)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(x, byte)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x, byte)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}, 0x{byte:02x}\")\n            }\n            // Reg, Reg\n            SEY(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x, y)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:01x}, 0x{y:01x}\")\n            }\n            // Reg, Reg, Nibble\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x, y, nibble) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}, 0x{y:02x}, 0x{nibble:02x}\")\n            }\n            // Registers.  0-F\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCU(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x)\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}\")\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::LOW\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS\n            | Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e String::new(),\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Display for Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    fn fmt(\u0026self, f: \u0026mut Formatter\u003c'_\u003e) -\u003e std::fmt::Result {\n        let ops = self.operands();\n        let space = if ops.is_empty() { \"\" } else { \" \" };\n        write!(f, \"{}{}{}\", self.name(), space, ops)\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    pub fn from_str(input: \u0026str) -\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions {\n        let mut parts = input.split(\" \");\n        //  print!(\"THERE ARE {} PARTS\", parts.clone().count());\n        let first_part = parts.next().unwrap_or(\"\");\n        // take the next value...\n        // ...strip off the extra...\n        // ...convert it to an integer from base 16\n        let param1 = u16::from_str_radix(\n            parts\n                .next()\n                .unwrap_or(\"0\")\n                .trim_start_matches(\"0x\")\n                .trim_end_matches(\",\"),\n            16,\n        )\n        .unwrap_or(0);\n        let param2 = u16::from_str_radix(\n            parts\n                .next()\n                .unwrap_or(\"0\")\n                .trim_start_matches(\"0x\")\n                .trim_end_matches(\",\"),\n            16,\n        )\n        .unwrap_or(0);\n        let param3 = u16::from_str_radix(\n            parts\n                .next()\n                .unwrap_or(\"0\")\n                .trim_start_matches(\"0x\")\n                .trim_end_matches(\",\"),\n            16,\n        )\n        .unwrap_or(0);\n        //  println!(\"\\tFirst part is {:?} / {:?} / {:?} / {:?}\", first_part, param1 ,param2 ,param3);\n        match first_part {\n            INST_ADDI =\u003e ADDI(param1 as u8),\n            INST_ADD =\u003e ADD(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_CLS =\u003e CLS,\n            INST_DRW =\u003e DRW(param1 as u8, param2 as u8, param3 as u8),\n            INST_CALL =\u003e CALL(param1),\n            INST_SYS =\u003e SYS(param1),\n            INST_RET =\u003e RET,\n            INST_JPA =\u003e JPA(param1),\n            INST_JPI =\u003e JPI(param1),\n            INST_SEX =\u003e SEX(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SNEB =\u003e SNEB(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SCD =\u003e SCD(param1 as u8),\n            INST_STR =\u003e STR(param1 as u8),\n            INST_SCL =\u003e SCL,\n            INST_EXIT =\u003e EXIT,\n            INST_LOW =\u003e LOW,\n            INST_HIGH =\u003e HIGH,\n            INST_SEY =\u003e SEY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_LDRY =\u003e LDRY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_LDR =\u003e LDR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_OR =\u003e OR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_AND =\u003e AND(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_ORY =\u003e ORY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_ADDR =\u003e ADDR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SUB =\u003e SUB(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SHR =\u003e SHR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SHL =\u003e SHL(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SUBC =\u003e SUBC(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SNEY =\u003e SNEY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_LDIA =\u003e LDIA(param1),\n            INST_RND =\u003e RND(param1 as u8, param2 as u8),\n            INST_SKP =\u003e SKP(param1 as u8),\n            INST_SKNP =\u003e SKNP(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDRD =\u003e LDRD(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDRK =\u003e LDRK(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDRI =\u003e LDRI(param1 as u8),\n            INST_BCD =\u003e BCD(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDF =\u003e LDFX(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDF2 =\u003e LDF2(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDIX =\u003e LDIX(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LIDR =\u003e LIDR(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDIS =\u003e LDIS(param1 as u8),\n            INST_LDD =\u003e LDD(param1 as u8),\n            INST_JPX =\u003e JPX(param1 as u8, param2),\n            _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn encode(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        match self {\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(target) =\u003e target \u0026 0x0FFF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e 0x00E0,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e 0x00EE,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(new_addr) =\u003e 0x1000 | (new_addr \u0026 0x0FFF),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(address) =\u003e 0x2000 | (address \u0026 0x0FFF),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                0x3000 | ((*vx_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                0x4000 | ((*vx_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x5000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(x_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                0x6000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(x_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                0x7000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8001 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8002 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8003 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8004 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8005 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8006 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x8007 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x800E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e {\n                0x9000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr) =\u003e 0xA000 | addr,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr) =\u003e 0xB000 | addr,\n            JPX(x_register, addr) =\u003e (0xb000 | (*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | *addr,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                0xC000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, height) =\u003e {\n                0xD000\n                    | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8)\n                    | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4)\n                    | (*height as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x_register) =\u003e 0xE09E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x_register) =\u003e 0xE0A1 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF007 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x_register) =\u003e 0xF00A | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF015 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(x_register) =\u003e 0xF018 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x_register) =\u003e 0xF01E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x_register) =\u003e 0xF029 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF033 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x_register) =\u003e 0xF055 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(x_register) =\u003e 0xF065 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(x_register) =\u003e 0x00C0 | (*x_register as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR =\u003e 0x00FB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL =\u003e 0x00FC,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LOW =\u003e 0x00FE,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH =\u003e 0x00FF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT =\u003e 0x00FD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(x_register) =\u003e 0xF030 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(x_register) =\u003e 0xF075 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(x_register) =\u003e 0xF085 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e 0xFFFF,\n            SCU(x_register) =\u003e 0x00D0 | (*x_register as u16),\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn decode(input: u16, quirk_mode: \u0026QuirkMode) -\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions {\n        let x_param = InstructionUtil::read_x_from_instruction(input);\n        let y_param = InstructionUtil::read_y_from_instruction(input);\n        let addr_param = InstructionUtil::read_addr_from_instruction(input);\n        let byte_param = InstructionUtil::read_byte_from_instruction(input);\n        let nibble_param = InstructionUtil::read_nibble_from_instruction(input);\n        let ubln = InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(input);\n        let last_byte = (input \u0026 0xFF) as u8;\n        let last_nibble = (input \u0026 0xF) as u8;\n\n        match input {\n            0x00C0..=0x00CF =\u003e match quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                QuirkMode::XOChip =\u003e SCD(last_nibble),\n                QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e SCD(last_nibble),\n            },\n            0x00E0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS,\n            0x00EE =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::RET,\n            0x00FB =\u003e {\n                match quirk_mode {\n                    QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                        // does not exist on Chip8\n                        XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n                    }\n                    QuirkMode::XOChip =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR,\n                    QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR,\n                }\n            }\n            0x00FC =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL,\n            0x00FD =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT,\n            0x00FE =\u003e match quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e LOW,\n            },\n            0x00FF =\u003e match quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e HIGH,\n            },\n            0x0000..=0x0FFF =\u003e match quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(addr_param),\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n            0x1000..=0x1FFF =\u003e JPA(addr_param),\n            0x2000..=0x2FFF =\u003e CALL(addr_param),\n            0x3000..=0x3FFF =\u003e SEX(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x4000..=0x4FFF =\u003e SNEB(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x5000..=0x5FF0 if input \u0026 0x01 == 0 =\u003e SEY(x_param, y_param),\n            0x6000..=0x6FFF =\u003e LDR(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x7000..=0x7FFF =\u003e ADD(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x8000..=0x8FFE =\u003e match last_nibble {\n                0x0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(x_param, y_param),\n                0x1 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x2 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x_param, y_param),\n                0x3 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x_param, y_param),\n                0x4 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x5 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x_param, y_param),\n                0x6 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x7 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x_param, y_param),\n                0xE =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x_param, y_param),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n            0x9000..=0x9FF0 if input \u0026 0x01 == 0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x_param, y_param),\n            0xA000..=0xAFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr_param),\n            0xB000..=0xBFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr_param),\n            0xC000..=0xCFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x_param, byte_param),\n            0xD000..=0xDFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_param, y_param, nibble_param),\n            0xE09E..=0xEFA1 =\u003e match last_byte {\n                0x9E =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(ubln),\n                0xA1 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(ubln),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n            0xF007..=0xFF65 =\u003e match last_byte {\n                0x07 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(ubln),\n                0x0A =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(ubln),\n                0x15 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(ubln),\n                0x18 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(ubln),\n                0x1E =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(ubln),\n                0x29 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(ubln),\n                0x30 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(ubln),\n                0x33 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(ubln),\n                0x55 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(ubln),\n                0x65 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(ubln),\n                0x75 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(ubln),\n                0x85 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(ubln),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n            _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn execute(\u0026self, input: \u0026mut Chip8Computer) -\u003e Chip8Computer {\n        //        print!(\"INSTRUCTION {}\", self);\n        let start_time = Instant::now();\n        let start_pc = input.registers.peek_pc();\n        input.registers.poke_pc(start_pc + 2);\n        match self {\n            // 0x0nnn Exit to System Call\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(new_address) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address);\n            }\n            // * 0x00E0 Clear Screen\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e {\n                input.video_memory.cls();\n            }\n            // 0x00EE Return from Subroutine\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(input.stack.pop());\n            }\n            // 0x1nnn Jump to Address\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(new_address) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address);\n            }\n            // 0x2nnn Call Subroutine\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(new_address) =\u003e {\n                let return_address = input.registers.peek_pc();\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address);\n                input.stack.push(\u0026return_address);\n            }\n            // 0x3xkk Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                if input.registers.peek(*vx_register) == { *byte } {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x4xkk Skip next instruction if Vx != kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                // 4xkk - SNE Vx, byte\n                // Skip next instruction if Vx != kk.\n                //\n                // The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are not equal,\n                // increments the program counter by 2.\n                if input.registers.peek(*x) != *byte {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x5xy0 Skip next instruction if Vx == Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                if input.registers.peek(*x) == input.registers.peek(*y) {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x6xkk Set Vx = kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(register, byte) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(*register, *byte);\n            }\n            // 0x7xkk Set Vx = Vx + kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(\n                    *vx_register,\n                    (input.registers.peek(*vx_register) as u16 + *byte as u16) as u8,\n                );\n            }\n            // 0x8xy0 Set value of Vy in Vx\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(*x, input.registers.peek(*y));\n            }\n            // 0x8xy1 Set Vx = Vx OR Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // shift them to 16 bit\n                let working_16_x = input.registers.peek(*x) as u16;\n                let working_16_y = input.registers.peek(*y) as u16;\n                // OR them\n                let working_16_or = working_16_x | working_16_y;\n                // shift them back to 8 bit.\n                input.registers.poke(*x, working_16_or as u8);\n                // reset of VF quirk\n                input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                debug!(\"OrVxVy [0x{x:1x}] [0x{y:1x}]\")\n            }\n            // 0x8xy2 Set Vx = Vx AND Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*x) as u16;\n                let rhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*y) as u16;\n                // reset of VF quirk\n                input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                input.registers.poke(*x, (lhs_16 \u0026 rhs_16) as u8);\n            }\n            // 0x8xy3 Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*x) as u16;\n                let rhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*y) as u16;\n                // reset of VF quirk\n                input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                input.registers.poke(*x, (lhs_16 ^ rhs_16) as u8);\n            }\n            // 0x8xy4 Set Vx = Vx + Vy (SET VF on Carry)\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs = input.registers.peek(*x) as i16;\n                let rhs = input.registers.peek(*y) as i16;\n                let working = lhs + rhs;\n                input.registers.poke(*x, working as u8);\n\n                if working \u003e= 0x100 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0xf, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy5 - SUB Vx, Vy\n                // Set Vx = Vx - Vy, set VF = NOT borrow.\n                //\n                // If Vx \u003e Vy, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vy is subtracted from Vx, and the results stored in Vx.\n\n                let lhs = input.registers.peek(*x);\n                let rhs = input.registers.peek(*y);\n\n                let mut result = 0;\n\n                let borrow_flag: u8 = if rhs \u003e lhs {\n                    result = (lhs as u16 + 0x100) - rhs as u16;\n                    0\n                } else {\n                    result = lhs as u16 - rhs as u16;\n                    1\n                };\n\n                input.registers.poke(*x, result as u8);\n                input.registers.poke(0x0f, borrow_flag);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x, _) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy6 - SHR Vx {, Vy}\n                // Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n                // SHIFT 1 Bit ----\u003e\n                // If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n                let initial_value = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                // overflow check\n                let rotated = initial_value \u003e\u003e 1;\n                input.registers.poke(*x, rotated);\n                if initial_value.bitand(0b1) == 1 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy7 - SUBN Vx, Vy\n                // Set Vx = Vy - Vx, set VF = NOT borrow.\n                //\n                // If Vy \u003e Vx, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is subtracted from Vy, and the results stored in Vx.\n                let y_register = input.registers.peek(*y);\n                let x_register = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                let (new_value, value_to_poke) = if y_register \u003c x_register {\n                    (0, (y_register as u16 + 256) - x_register as u16)\n                } else {\n                    (1, (y_register - x_register) as u16)\n                };\n                input.registers.poke(*x, value_to_poke as u8);\n                input.registers.poke(0xf, new_value);\n            }\n\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x, _) =\u003e {\n                // 8xyE - SHL Vx {, Vy}\n                // Set Vx = Vx SHL 1.\n                //\n                // If the most-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise to 0. Then Vx is multiplied by 2.\n                let initial_value = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                // overflow check\n                let rotated = initial_value \u003c\u003c 1;\n                input.registers.poke(*x, rotated);\n                if initial_value.bitand(0b10000000) == 0b10000000 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(vx_register, vy_register) =\u003e {\n                // 9xy0 - SNE Vx, Vy\n                // Skip next instruction if Vx != Vy.\n                //\n                // The values of Vx and Vy are compared, and if they are not equal, the program counter is increased by 2.\n\n                let x_reg_value = input.registers.peek(*vx_register);\n                let y_reg_value = input.registers.peek(*vy_register);\n                if x_reg_value != y_reg_value {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(new_index) =\u003e {\n                // Annn - LD I, addr\n                // Set I = nnn.\n                //\n                // The value of register I is set to nnn.\n                //  debug!(\"LdiAddr [0x{new_index:3x}]\");\n                input.registers.poke_i(*new_index);\n            }\n            // 0xBnnn Jump to nnn+V0\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr) =\u003e {\n                // Bnnn - JP V0, addr\n                // Jump to location nnn + V0.\n                //\n                // The program counter is set to nnn plus the value of V0.\n                input\n                    .registers\n                    .poke_pc(input.registers.peek(0) as u16 + addr);\n            }\n            // 0xBxnn Jump to Xnn+Vx\n            JPX(vx_register, addr) =\u003e {\n                let x_reg_value: u16 = input.registers.peek(*vx_register) as u16;\n                let shifted_x_reg = x_reg_value \u003c\u003c 8;\n                let added_addr = shifted_x_reg | addr;\n                let final_addr = added_addr + shifted_x_reg;\n                println!(\"JPX -\u003e {x_reg_value:02x} {shifted_x_reg:04x} {added_addr:04x} {final_addr:04x}\");\n                input.registers.poke_i(final_addr);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                // Cxkk - RND Vx, byte\n                // Set Vx = random byte AND kk.\n                //\n                // The interpreter generates a random number from 0 to 255,\n                // which is then ANDed with the value kk.\n                // The results are stored in Vx.\n                let mut rng = rand::thread_rng();\n                let new_value: u8 = rng.random();\n                let and_value: u8 = *byte;\n                let result = new_value \u0026 and_value;\n                debug!(\"RANDOM: [{new_value:02x}] AND: [{and_value:02x} Result: [{result:02x}]\");\n                input.registers.poke(*x, new_value \u0026 { *byte })\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(y, x, n) =\u003e {\n                // Display n-byte sprite starting at memory location I at (Vx, Vy), set VF = collision.\n\n                // The interpreter reads n bytes from memory, starting at the address stored in I.\n\n                // These bytes are then displayed as sprites on screen at coordinates (Vx, Vy).\n                // Sprites are XORed onto the existing screen.\n                // If this causes any pixels to be erased, VF is set to 1,\n                //     otherwise it is set to 0.\n                // If the sprite is positioned so part of it is outside the coordinates of the display,\n                //     it wraps around to the opposite side of the screen.\n\n                let source_memory_offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                let x_offset = input.registers.peek(*x) as u16;\n                let y_offset = input.registers.peek(*y) as u16;\n                if input.video_memory.is_highres() {\n                    // if n == 0 we have a 16 row sprite (font maybe)\n                    let actual_num_loops = if *n == 0u8 { 16 } else { *n };\n                    for byte_index in 0..actual_num_loops {\n                        let current_byte =\n                            input.memory.peek(byte_index as u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let next_byte = input\n                            .memory\n                            .peek(byte_index as u16 + 1u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let x_offset = (x_offset + byte_index as u16) * 64;\n                        for bit_index in 0..8 {\n                            input.video_memory.poke(\n                                x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16),\n                                (current_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0,\n                            );\n                            input.video_memory.poke(\n                                x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16) + 8,\n                                (next_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0,\n                            );\n                        }\n                    }\n                } else {\n                    for byte_index in 0..*n {\n                        let current_byte =\n                            input.memory.peek(byte_index as u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let x_offset: u16 = (x_offset + byte_index as u16) * 64;\n                        for bit_index in 0..8 {\n                            input.video_memory.poke(\n                                x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16),\n                                (current_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0,\n                            );\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n\n                let target = if input.video_memory.has_frame_changed {\n                    1u8\n                } else {\n                    0u8\n                };\n\n                input.registers.poke(0xf, target);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x) =\u003e {\n                // Ex9E - SKP Vx\n                // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n                //\n                // Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n                let key_to_check = input.registers.peek(*x);\n                let is_pressed = input.keypad.pressed(key_to_check);\n                if is_pressed {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x) =\u003e {\n                // ExA1 - SKNP Vx\n                // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n                //\n\n                // Checks the keyboard,\n                // and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the up position,\n                // PC is increased by 2.\n                let target_key = input.registers.peek(*x);\n                let is_pressed = input.keypad.pressed(target_key);\n                debug!(\"SnKpVx [{x:1x}]\");\n                if !is_pressed {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx07 - LD Vx, DT\n                // Set Vx = delay timer value.\n                //\n                // The value of DT is placed into Vx.\n                let value_to_set = input.delay_timer.current();\n                input.registers.poke(*x, value_to_set);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx0A - LD Vx, K\n                // Wait for a key press, store the value of the key in Vx.\n                //\n                // All execution stops until a key is pressed, then the value of that key is stored in Vx.\n                input.state = WaitingForKey;\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(source_register) =\u003e {\n                // Fx15 - LD DT, Vx\n                // Set delay timer = Vx.\n                //\n                // DT is set equal to the value of Vx.\n                let new_time = input.registers.peek(*source_register);\n                input.delay_timer.set_timer(new_time);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(new_time) =\u003e {\n                let new_value = input.registers.peek(*new_time);\n                input.sound_timer.set_timer(new_value as i32);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx1E - ADD I, Vx\n                // Set I = I + Vx.\n                //\n                // The values of I and Vx are added, and the results are stored in I.\n                let base = input.registers.peek_i();\n                let x_value = input.registers.peek(*x);\n                input.registers.poke_i(base + x_value as u16);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n                // Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n                //\n                // The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite corresponding\n                // to the value of Vx. See section 2.4, Display, for more information on\n                // the Chip-8 hexadecimal font.\n\n                let x_value: u8 = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                let real_offset = x_value as u16 * 5;\n                input.registers.poke_i(real_offset);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx33 - LD B, Vx\n                // Store BCD representation of Vx in memory locations I, I+1, and I+2.\n                //\n                // The interpreter takes the decimal value of Vx, and places the hundreds\n                // digit in memory at location in I, the tens digit at location I+1,\n                // and the ones digit at location I+2.\n\n                let to_convert = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                // how many hundreds\n                let hundreds = to_convert / 100;\n                // how many tens, minus the hundreds\n                let tens = (to_convert / 10) - (hundreds * 10);\n                // whats the leftover when dividing by 10\n                let units = to_convert % 10;\n\n                // Convert to BCD\n                let result =\n                    ((hundreds as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | units as u16 | ((tens as u16) \u003c\u003c 4) | units as u16;\n                // write them to the memory pointed to by I, I+1, and I+2\n                let target_start_offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset, hundreds);\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset + 1, tens);\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset + 2, units);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x) =\u003e {\n                // Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n                //\n                // The interpreter copi=es the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n                // starting at the address in I.\n                let offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                for i in 0..=*x {\n                    input\n                        .memory\n                        .poke(offset + i as u16, input.registers.peek(i));\n                }\n                input.registers.poke_i(offset + 1);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(x) =\u003e {\n                // Read registers V0 through Vx from memory starting at location I.\n                //\n                // The interpreter reads values from memory starting at location I into registers V0 through Vx.\n                let offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                debug!(\"STARTING TO READ AT {offset:03x}\");\n                let num_loops = x + 1;\n                debug!(\"WILL READ {num_loops:x} BYTES\");\n                for index in 0..num_loops {\n                    let src_value = input.memory.peek(index as u16 + offset);\n                    input.registers.poke(index, src_value);\n                    debug!(\"POKING Register 0x{index:02x} with 0x{src_value:04x} using offset 0x{offset:04x}\");\n                }\n                input.registers.poke_i(offset + 1);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e {}\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(x) =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"Attempt to execute SCD in Chip8 Mode\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    input.video_memory.scroll_down(*x as i32);\n                }\n            },\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"Attempt to execute SCR in Chip8 Mode\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    input.video_memory.scroll_right();\n                }\n            },\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"Attempt to execute SCL in Chip8 Mode\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    input.video_memory.scroll_left();\n                }\n            },\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LOW =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"ATTEMPT TO SET LOWRES IN CHIP8MODE\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    input.video_memory.set_lowres();\n                }\n            },\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH =\u003e match input.quirk_mode {\n                QuirkMode::Chip8 =\u003e {\n                    debug!(\"ATTEMPT TO SET HIGHRES IN CHIP8MODE\");\n                }\n                QuirkMode::XOChip | QuirkMode::SChipModern =\u003e {\n                    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serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};\n\n#[derive(Default, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]\npub enum QuirkMode {\n    #[default]\n    Chip8,\n    XOChip,\n    SChipModern,\n}\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","registers.rs"],"content":"use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};\n\n/// Registers.  numbered 1-16 publicly.\n/// Privately using zero base array so -1 to shift from pub to priv.\n#[derive(Clone, Copy, Serialize, Deserialize)]\npub struct Chip8Registers {\n    pub registers: [u8; 16],\n    pub i_register: u16,\n    pub pc: u16,\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Registers {\n    pub fn advance_pc(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.pc += 2;\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8Registers {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Registers {\n            registers: [0x00; 16],\n            i_register: 0x00,\n            pc: 0x200,\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Registers {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.registers = [0x00; 16];\n        self.i_register = 0x00;\n        self.pc = 0x200;\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_pc(\u0026mut self, new_pc: u16) {\n        self.pc = new_pc\n    }\n    pub fn peek_i(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        self.i_register\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_i(\u0026mut self, new_value: u16) {\n        self.i_register = new_value;\n    }\n    pub fn peek(\u0026self, register_number: u8) -\u003e u8 {\n        self.registers[register_number as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke(\u0026mut self, register_number: u8, value: u8) {\n        if register_number \u003e 0xf {\n            panic!(\"INVALID REGISTER\");\n        }\n        self.registers[register_number as usize] = value;\n    }\n\n    pub fn peek_pc(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        self.pc\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_pc(\u0026mut self, new_pc: u16) {\n        self.pc = new_pc\n    }\n\n    pub fn format_as_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        format!(\"Vx: 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x}\\n    0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x}\\nI: 0x{:04x}\\tPC: 0x{:04x}\",\n                self.registers[0x0],\n                self.registers[0x1],\n                self.registers[0x2],\n                self.registers[0x3],\n                self.registers[0x4],\n                self.registers[0x5],\n                self.registers[0x6],\n                self.registers[0x7],\n                self.registers[0x8],\n                self.registers[0x9],\n                self.registers[0xa],\n                self.registers[0xb],\n                self.registers[0xc],\n                self.registers[0xd],\n                self.registers[0xe],\n                self.registers[0xf],\n                self.i_register,\n                self.pc\n        )\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[635184],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":12,"address":[573939,573901],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":17,"address":[235776],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":11}},{"line":19,"address":[573982],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":27,"address":[570768],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":28,"address":[644318],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":29,"address":[772815],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":30,"address":[570805],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":33,"address":[3461872],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":34,"address":[574109],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":36,"address":[40263728],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":37,"address":[40263733],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":40,"address":[635440],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":41,"address":[644413],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":43,"address":[635472],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":44,"address":[772970,772933],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":47,"address":[574256],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":48,"address":[3462067],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":49,"address":[236123],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":51,"address":[644555,644632,644645],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":54,"address":[571136],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":55,"address":[773157],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":58,"address":[635728],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":59,"address":[40264045],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":62,"address":[571184],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":63,"address":[776628,776396,777556,774535,773791,776164,773512,777788,777324,774070,774904,779644,774442,773698,778948,773605,776860,778252,778716,774814,778484,774349,775932,774721,774163,774256,773326,773419,777092,774628,779180,773884,779412,775700,773977,778020],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":55}}],"covered":26,"coverable":26},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","sound_timer.rs"],"content":"use log::trace;\nuse serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy, Serialize, Deserialize)]\npub struct SoundTimer {\n    counter: i32,\n}\n\nimpl Default for SoundTimer {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self::new()\n    }\n}\n\nimpl SoundTimer {\n    pub fn current(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        self.counter\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        SoundTimer { counter: 0 }\n    }\n    pub fn set_timer(\u0026mut self, new_value: i32) {\n        trace!(\"SETTING SOUND TIMER TO {new_value}\");\n        self.counter = new_value\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        trace!(\n            \"TICKING SOUND FROM {} to {}\",\n            self.counter,\n            self.counter - 1\n        );\n        if self.counter \u003e 0 {\n            self.counter -= 1;\n            /*\n            todo: this breaks tests.  maybe its wrong?\n            if let good_thread = thread::spawn(|| {\n                beep(440).expect(\"Unable to beep\");\n                thread::sleep(time::Duration::from_millis(500));\n            }).join().unwrap().\n             */\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.counter = 0x00;\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":9,"address":[40313088],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":10,"address":[643089],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":15,"address":[734512],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":16,"address":[339157],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":23,"address":[643136],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":24,"address":[3505976,3506054,3506176],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":25,"address":[569660],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":28,"address":[643504],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":29,"address":[734932,735263,735010,735125],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":30,"address":[339608,340130],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":31,"address":[40314086,40314060],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":42,"address":[3506928],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":43,"address":[772597],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}}],"covered":13,"coverable":13},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","stack.rs"],"content":"use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};\n\n#[derive(Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]\npub struct Chip8Stack {\n    items: Vec\u003cu16\u003e,\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Stack {\n    pub fn push(\u0026mut self, new_value: \u0026u16) {\n        if self.depth() == 16 {\n            // println!(\"Deep deep stack?\");\n            panic!(\"Stack Overflow\");\n        }\n        self.items.push(*new_value);\n    }\n    pub fn pop(\u0026mut self) -\u003e u16 {\n        if self.items.is_empty() {\n            panic!(\"Stack Underflow\");\n        }\n        self.items.pop().unwrap()\n    }\n    pub fn depth(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        self.items.len() as u16\n    }\n\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Stack { items: vec![] }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.items = vec![]\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":9,"address":[758768],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":10,"address":[721608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":12,"address":[559412],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":14,"address":[601115],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":16,"address":[1121104],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":17,"address":[601150],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":18,"address":[1121191],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":20,"address":[251516],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":22,"address":[759024],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":23,"address":[251637],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":26,"address":[721856],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":28,"address":[40303197],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":32,"address":[721983,721920],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":33,"address":[759197,759117],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}}],"covered":14,"coverable":14},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","system_memory.rs"],"content":"use log::trace;\n\nuse crate::constants::*;\nuse serde::Deserialize;\nuse serde::Serialize;\n\n#[derive(Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]\npub struct Chip8SystemMemory {\n    memory: Vec\u003cu8\u003e,\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8SystemMemory {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        let mut x = Chip8SystemMemory::new();\n\n        x.load_fonts_to_memory();\n        x.load_schip_fonts_to_memory();\n        x\n    }\n}\nimpl Chip8SystemMemory {\n    fn empty_memory() -\u003e Vec\u003cu8\u003e {\n        let mut working_memory = vec![];\n\n        for _ in 0..CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE {\n            working_memory.push(0x00);\n        }\n        working_memory\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.memory = Chip8SystemMemory::empty_memory();\n        self.load_fonts_to_memory();\n        self.load_schip_fonts_to_memory();\n    }\n\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8SystemMemory {\n            memory: Chip8SystemMemory::empty_memory(),\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn peek(\u0026self, address: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        trace!(\n            \"PEEK: {} / {}\",\n            address,\n            self.memory[address as usize].clone()\n        );\n        let effective = address as i32 % CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE;\n        self.memory[effective as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke(\u0026mut self, address: u16, value: u8) {\n        trace!(\n            \"POKE: {} / {} to {}\",\n            address,\n            self.memory[address as usize],\n            value\n        );\n        self.memory[address as usize] = value;\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_program(\u0026mut self, program_to_load: Box\u003cVec\u003cu8\u003e\u003e) {\n        for load_index in 0..program_to_load.len() {\n            self.poke((load_index + 0x200) as u16, program_to_load[load_index]);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_fonts_to_memory(\u0026mut self) {\n        let all_font_characters = [\n            CHIP8FONT_0,\n            CHIP8FONT_1,\n            CHIP8FONT_2,\n            CHIP8FONT_3,\n            CHIP8FONT_4,\n            CHIP8FONT_5,\n            CHIP8FONT_6,\n            CHIP8FONT_7,\n            CHIP8FONT_8,\n            CHIP8FONT_9,\n            CHIP8FONT_A,\n            CHIP8FONT_B,\n            CHIP8FONT_C,\n            CHIP8FONT_D,\n            CHIP8FONT_E,\n            CHIP8FONT_F,\n        ];\n\n        for (font_index, current_font) in all_font_characters.iter().enumerate() {\n            for font_mem_offset in 0..=4 {\n                let real_offset = font_index * 5 + font_mem_offset;\n                self.poke(real_offset as u16, current_font[font_mem_offset]);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_schip_fonts_to_memory(\u0026mut self) {\n        let all_font_characters = [\n            SCHIPFONT_0,\n            SCHIPFONT_1,\n            SCHIPFONT_2,\n            SCHIPFONT_3,\n            SCHIPFONT_4,\n            SCHIPFONT_5,\n            SCHIPFONT_6,\n            SCHIPFONT_7,\n            SCHIPFONT_8,\n            SCHIPFONT_9,\n            SCHIPFONT_A,\n            SCHIPFONT_B,\n            SCHIPFONT_C,\n            SCHIPFONT_D,\n            SCHIPFONT_E,\n            SCHIPFONT_F,\n        ];\n        for (font_index, current_font) in all_font_characters.iter().enumerate() {\n            let base_offset = 0x100;\n            for font_mem_offset in 0..=4 {\n                let real_offset = base_offset + font_index * 0x10 + font_mem_offset;\n                self.poke(real_offset as u16, current_font[font_mem_offset]);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[268224],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":8}},{"line":14,"address":[658924],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":17,"address":[583847],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":18,"address":[583858],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":19,"address":[649138],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":24,"address":[268368],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":25,"address":[785918],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":26,"address":[583935],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":27,"address":[3472506],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":30,"address":[268432],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":32,"address":[605181],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":36,"address":[1094848],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":37,"address":[605351,605260,605631,605479],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":38,"address":[3473251,3472667,3473219],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":39,"address":[659836,659851,659794],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":42,"address":[650016],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":43,"address":[787000,787222,786872,786786],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":16}},{"line":44,"address":[787492,787472,786817],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":17}},{"line":47,"address":[660640,660981],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[660847,660729,660662],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[270192],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[270336],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":54,"address":[787908],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":73,"address":[3474979,3474809],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":17}},{"line":74,"address":[651725],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":75,"address":[661745,661835],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":76,"address":[661827,661871],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":17}},{"line":81,"address":[652064],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":82,"address":[586829],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":88,"address":[3476501,3476331],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":17}},{"line":89,"address":[3475372],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":90,"address":[40279887],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":91,"address":[653411,653540],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":92,"address":[790312,790268],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":17}}],"covered":31,"coverable":34},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","util.rs"],"content":"pub struct InstructionUtil {}\n\nimpl InstructionUtil {\n    pub fn byte_to_bools(to_convert: u8) -\u003e [bool; 8] {\n        let mut return_values = [false; 8];\n        for i in 0..8 {\n            let new_value = to_convert \u003e\u003e i \u0026 0x1 == 1;\n            return_values[i as usize] = new_value;\n        }\n        return_values\n    }\n\n    pub fn bools_to_byte(to_convert: [bool; 8]) -\u003e u8 {\n        let mut return_value = 0u8;\n        for i in 0..to_convert.len() {\n            let new_bit = 0x1 \u003c\u003c i;\n            if to_convert[i] {\n                return_value |= new_bit\n            }\n        }\n        return_value\n    }\n\n    pub fn split_bytes(to_split: u16) -\u003e (u8, u8) {\n        let high = to_split.rotate_left(8) as u8;\n        let low = (to_split \u0026 0xff) as u8;\n\n        (high, low)\n    }\n\n    pub fn join_bytes(high: u8, low: u8) -\u003e u16 {\n        \n        (high as u16) \u003c\u003c 8 | low as u16\n    }\n\n    // nnn or addr - A 12-bit value, the lowest 12 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_addr_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u16 {\n        instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x0FFF\n    }\n\n    // n or nibble - A 4-bit value, the lowest 4 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_nibble_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n       ( instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x000F )as u8\n    }\n\n    // x - A 4-bit value, the lower 4 bits of the high byte of the instruction\n    pub fn read_x_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x0F00).rotate_right(8) as u8\n    }\n\n    // y - A 4-bit value, the upper 4 bits of the low byte of the instruction\n    pub fn read_y_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x00F0).rotate_right(4) as u8\n    }\n\n    // kk or byte - An 8-bit value, the lowest 8 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_byte_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x00FF) as u8\n    }\n\n    pub fn read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        ((to_read_from \u0026 0x0f00) \u003e\u003e 8) as u8\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":4,"address":[631008],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":5,"address":[326063],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":6,"address":[611014,610944,611115],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":7,"address":[1181106,1181163],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":8,"address":[698309,698292,698252],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":10,"address":[40365906],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":13,"address":[326288],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":14,"address":[652115],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":15,"address":[611176,611239],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":16,"address":[3564006,3564046],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":17,"address":[631411,631382,631458],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":18,"address":[1181434],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":21,"address":[40366142],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":24,"address":[40366288],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":25,"address":[652357],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":26,"address":[631513],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":31,"address":[652368],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":33,"address":[739918],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":37,"address":[3564208],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":38,"address":[611464],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":42,"address":[40366384],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":43,"address":[40366392],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":47,"address":[739968],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":48,"address":[611496],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":52,"address":[740016],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":53,"address":[698728],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":57,"address":[1181664],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":58,"address":[40366504],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":61,"address":[1181680],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":62,"address":[740088],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}}],"covered":30,"coverable":30},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","video.rs"],"content":"use crate::chip8::video::Chip8VideoModes::{HighRes, LowRes};\nuse crate::constants::{\n    CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT, CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY, CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT,\n    SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY,\n};\nuse log::debug;\nuse serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy, Serialize, Deserialize)]\npub enum Chip8VideoModes {\n    LowRes,\n    HighRes,\n}\n\n#[derive(Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]\npub struct Chip8Video {\n    memory: Vec\u003cbool\u003e,\n    pub has_frame_changed: bool,\n    current_res: Chip8VideoModes,\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Video {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.cls();\n        self.set_lowres();\n        self.start_frame();\n    }\n\n    pub fn is_highres(\u0026self) -\u003e bool {\n        matches!(self.current_res, HighRes)\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_highres(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.current_res = HighRes;\n        self.cls();\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_lowres(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.current_res = LowRes\n    }\n\n    pub fn get_screen_resolution(\u0026mut self) -\u003e Chip8VideoModes {\n        self.current_res\n    }\n\n    pub fn cls(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.memory.clear();\n        let num_loops = match self.current_res {\n            LowRes =\u003e CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY,\n            HighRes =\u003e SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY,\n        };\n        for i in 0..num_loops {\n            self.memory.push(false);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn start_frame(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.has_frame_changed = false;\n    }\n\n    pub fn new(initial_configuration: Box\u003cVec\u003cbool\u003e\u003e) -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            memory: *initial_configuration,\n            has_frame_changed: false,\n            current_res: Chip8VideoModes::LowRes,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn peek(\u0026self, address: u16) -\u003e bool {\n        let loop_value: u16 = if self.is_highres() {\n            SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY as u16\n        } else {\n            CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY as u16\n        };\n        let effective_address = if address \u003e= loop_value {\n            address % loop_value\n        } else {\n            address\n        };\n        self.memory[effective_address as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke(\u0026mut self, address: u16, new_value: bool) {\n        let loop_value: u16 = self.get_memory_size() as u16;\n        // Loop the address\n        let effective_address = address % loop_value;\n\n        let old_value = self.memory[effective_address as usize];\n        let xored_value = new_value ^ old_value; // XOR of the video\n                                                 // if the frame has already changed we dont care if it changed again.\n        if !self.has_frame_changed \u0026\u0026 old_value != xored_value {\n            self.has_frame_changed = true\n        }\n\n        //     println!(\"VIDEO POKE COMPLETE WITH {effective_address} SET TO {xored_value}\");\n        self.memory[effective_address as usize] = xored_value;\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_byte(\u0026mut self, first_address: u16, to_write: u8) {\n        for i in (0..8).rev() {\n            self.poke(first_address + (7 - i), (to_write \u0026 (1 \u003c\u003c i)) != 0);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_2byte(\u0026mut self, first_address: u16, to_write: [u8; 2]) {\n        for (idx, _) in to_write.iter().enumerate() {\n            for i in (0..8).rev() {\n                self.poke(\n                    first_address + (idx * 8) as u16 + (7 - i),\n                    (to_write[idx] \u0026 (1 \u003c\u003c i)) != 0,\n                );\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn format_as_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        println!(\"FORMATTING {width}x{height}\");\n        let mut output = String::new();\n        for row in 0..height {\n            for column in 0..width {\n                let data_offset = row * width + column;\n                debug!(\n                    \"Rendering {data_offset} with value {}\",\n                    self.memory[data_offset as usize]\n                );\n                if self.memory[data_offset as usize] {\n                    output += \"*\"\n                } else {\n                    output += \" \"\n                }\n            }\n            output += \"\\n\";\n        }\n        output\n    }\n\n    pub fn get_resolution(\u0026self) -\u003e (i32, i32) {\n        if self.is_highres() {\n            (SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n        } else {\n            (CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n        }\n    }\n    fn get_memory_size(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        width * height\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.has_frame_changed = false;\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_right(\u0026mut self) {\n        println!(\"SCROLLRIGHTPRE:::[{}]\", self.format_as_string());\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n\n        for current_row in 0..height {\n            let row_offset: usize = (current_row * width) as usize;\n\n            // Shift pixels to the right by 4 in the current row\n            for current_column in (0..(width - 4)).rev() {\n                let source_address = row_offset + current_column as usize;\n                let target_address = source_address + 4;\n                self.memory[target_address] = self.memory[source_address];\n            }\n\n            // Clear the first 4 pixels in the current row\n            self.memory[row_offset..row_offset + 4].fill(false);\n        }\n        println!(\"SCROLLRIGHTPOST:::[{}]\", self.format_as_string());\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_left(\u0026mut self) {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n\n        for current_row in 0..height {\n            let row_offset = current_row * width;\n            for current_column in 0..width - 4 {\n                let source: usize = (row_offset + current_column) as usize;\n                let target: usize = source + 4;\n                self.memory[target] = self.memory[source];\n            }\n\n            let clear_start: usize = (row_offset + width - 4) as usize;\n            let clear_end: usize = clear_start + 4;\n\n            self.memory[clear_start..clear_end].fill(false);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_up(\u0026mut self, how_far: \u0026u8) {\n        let how_far = *how_far as i32;\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        let row_shift = how_far * width;\n\n        for current_source_row in how_far..height {\n            let current_source_offset = current_source_row * width;\n            for current_source_column in 0..width {\n                let base_offset: usize = (current_source_offset + current_source_column) as usize;\n                let shifted_offset: usize = base_offset - row_shift as usize;\n                self.memory[shifted_offset] = self.memory[base_offset];\n            }\n        }\n\n        // Clear the new bottom rows after shifting\n        let clear_start = ((height - how_far) * width) as usize;\n        self.memory[clear_start..].fill(false);\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_down(\u0026mut self, how_far: i32) {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        let row_shift = how_far * width;\n\n        let max_source_row = height - how_far;\n        for current_source_row in (0..max_source_row).rev() {\n            let current_source_offset = current_source_row * width;\n            for current_source_column in 0..width {\n                let base_offset: usize = (current_source_offset + current_source_column) as usize;\n                let extended_offset: usize = base_offset + row_shift as usize;\n                self.memory[extended_offset] = self.memory[base_offset];\n            }\n        }\n\n        // Clear the new top rows after shifting\n        let clear_end = (how_far * width) as usize;\n        self.memory[0..clear_end].fill(false);\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8Video {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        let mut mem = vec![];\n        for _ in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n            mem.push(false);\n        }\n        Chip8Video {\n            memory: mem,\n            has_frame_changed: false,\n            current_res: Chip8VideoModes::LowRes,\n        }\n    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const CHIP8_REGISTER_COUNT: i32 = 16;\npub const CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE: i32 = 4096i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH: i32 = 64i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT: i32 = 32i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY: usize = (CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT * CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH) as usize;\npub const CHIP8_ROM_SIZE: usize = 512;\n\npub const RESOURCES_ROOT: \u0026str = \"../resources\";\npub const TESTS_ROOT: \u0026str = \"../resources/tests/\";\n\npub const CHIP8_KEYBOARD: [[u8; 4]; 4] = [\n    [0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x0C],\n    [0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x0D],\n    [0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0E],\n    [0x0A, 0x00, 0x0B, 0x0F]\n];\n\npub const SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT: i32 = 64;\npub const SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH: i32 = 128;\npub const SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY: usize = (SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT * SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH) as usize;\n\npub const INST_ADDI: \u0026str = \"ADDI\";\npub const INST_ADD: \u0026str = \"ADD\";\npub const INST_ADDR: \u0026str = \"ADDR\";\npub const INST_AND: \u0026str = \"AND\";\npub const INST_CLS: \u0026str = \"CLS\";\npub const INST_CALL: \u0026str = \"CALL\";\npub const INST_DRW: \u0026str = \"DRW\";\npub const INST_EXIT: \u0026str = \"EXIT\";\npub const INST_JPA: \u0026str = \"JPA\";\npub const INST_JPI: \u0026str = \"JPI\";\npub const INST_JPX: \u0026str = \"JPX\";\npub const INST_BCD: \u0026str = \"BCD\";\npub const INST_LDD: \u0026str = \"LDD\";\npub const INST_LDF: \u0026str = \"LDF\";\npub const INST_LDF2: \u0026str = \"LDF2\";\npub const INST_LDIA: \u0026str = \"LDIA\";\npub const INST_LDIX: \u0026str = \"LDIX\";\npub const INST_LIDR: \u0026str = \"LIDR\";\npub const INST_LDIS: \u0026str = \"LDIS\";\npub const INST_LDR: \u0026str = \"LDR\";\npub const INST_LDRD: \u0026str = \"LDRD\";\npub const INST_LDRI: \u0026str = \"LDRI\";\npub const INST_LDRK: \u0026str = \"LDRK\";\npub const INST_LDRY: \u0026str = \"LDRY\";\npub const INST_OR: \u0026str = \"OR\";\npub const INST_RET: \u0026str = \"RET\";\npub const INST_RND: \u0026str = \"RND\";\npub const INST_SCD: \u0026str = \"SCD\";\npub const INST_SCR: \u0026str = \"SCR\";\npub const INST_SCL: \u0026str = \"SCL\";\npub const INST_SEX: \u0026str = \"SEX\";\npub const INST_SEY: \u0026str = \"SEY\";\npub const INST_SHL: \u0026str = \"SHL\";\npub const INST_SHR: \u0026str = \"SHR\";\npub const INST_SKP: \u0026str = \"SKP\";\npub const INST_SKNP: \u0026str = \"SKNP\";\npub const INST_SNEB: \u0026str = \"SNEB\";\npub const INST_SNEY: \u0026str = \"SNEY\";\npub const INST_STR: \u0026str = \"STR\";\npub const INST_SUB: \u0026str = \"SUB\";\npub const INST_SUBC: \u0026str = \"SUBC\";\npub const INST_SYS: \u0026str = \"SYS\";\npub const INST_LOW: \u0026str = \"LOW\";\npub const INST_HIGH: \u0026str = \"HIGH\";\npub const INST_ORY: \u0026str = \"ORY\";\npub const INST_SCU: \u0026str = \"SCU\";\npub const CHIP8_PROGRAM_LOAD_OFFSET: i32 = 0x200;\npub const CHIP8FONT_0: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_1: [u8; 5] = [0x20, 0x60, 0x20, 0x20, 0x70];\npub const CHIP8FONT_2: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_3: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_4: [u8; 5] = [0x90, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x10, 0x10];\npub const CHIP8FONT_5: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_6: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_7: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x40];\npub const CHIP8FONT_8: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_9: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_A: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x90, 0x90];\npub const CHIP8FONT_B: [u8; 5] = [0xE0, 0x90, 0xE0, 0x90, 0xE0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_C: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0x80, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_D: [u8; 5] = [0xE0, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0xE0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_E: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_F: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x80, 0x80];\n\npub const SCHIPFONT_0: [u8; 0x20] = [\n    0x00, 0x00,\n    0x01, 0x80,\n    0x03, 0xc0,\n    0x06, 0x60,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x06, 0x60,\n    0x03, 0xc0,     // 0b0000001111000000\n    0x01, 0x80,     // 0b0000000110000000\n    0x00, 0x00      // 0b0000000000000000\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_1: [u8; 0x20] = [\n    0x00, 0x00,\n    0x03, 0xc0,\n    0x02, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x03, 0xf0,\n    0x00, 0x00\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_2: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC7, 0xC3, 0xC0, 0xE0,\n    0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C, 0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_3: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC7, 0xC3, 0xC0, 0xE0,\n    0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C, 0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_4: [u8; 0x20] = [0xE0, 0xF0, 0xF8, 0xFC, 0xFE, 0xF7, 0xF3, 0xF1,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC0,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_5: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x3F, 0x7F, 0x7F,\n    0x01, 0x01, 0xC1, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_6: [u8; 0x20] = [0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_7: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xE0, 0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C,\n    0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_8: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0x7E, 0xFE, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_9: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0x7F, 0x03, 0x03, 0xC7, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_A: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_B: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFE, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_C: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0x01, 0x01,\n    0x01, 0x01, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_D: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3,\n    0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C, 0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_E: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_F: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","lib.rs"],"content":"pub mod chip8 {\n    pub mod video;\n    pub mod sound_timer;\n    pub mod delay_timer;\n    pub mod keypad;\n    pub mod computer;\n    pub mod system_memory;\n    pub mod instructions;\n    pub mod cpu_states;\n    pub mod util;\n    pub mod registers;\n\n    pub mod stack;\n    pub  mod computer_manager;\n    pub mod quirk_modes;\n}\n\npub mod constants;","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","tests","computer_tests.rs"],"content":"use gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::constants::CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY;\n\n#[test]\nfn smoke() { assert!(true) }\n\nfn load_result(to_load: \u0026str) -\u003e String {\n    std::fs::read_to_string(format!(\"../resources/test/{}\", to_load)).unwrap()\n}\n\nfn load_rom(to_load: \u0026str) -\u003e Vec\u003cu8\u003e {\n    std::fs::read(format!(\"../resources/roms/{}\", to_load)).unwrap()\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn reset_clears_video() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        x.video_memory.poke(i as u16, i % 2 == 0);\n    }\n\n    x.reset();\n    x.video_memory.reset();\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level1_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let level_1_rom = load_rom(\"1-chip8-logo.ch8\");\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, (\u0026level_1_rom));\n\n    // run for 0x40 cycles\n    while x.num_cycles \u003c 0x40 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_level_1_test.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level2_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // Load the IBM rom and run it.\n    // it takes 39 cycles to get to the end so lets run it 40.\n    let test_rom_to_run = load_rom(\"2-ibm-logo.ch8\");\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, (\u0026test_rom_to_run));\n    for _ in 0..40 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    // ...then verify that the current video memory of the chip-8\n    // simulator matches what we expect it to be\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_ibm_rom_output.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level3_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n     x.load_bytes_to_memory(\n         0x200, (\u0026load_rom(\"3-corax+.ch8\"))\n     );\n    for i in 0..0x180 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_corax_plus.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn rps_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026load_rom(\"RPS.ch8\"));\n    for _ in 0..0xF0 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_rps_stage1.asc\"));\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x01);\n    for _ in 0..0x200 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_rps_stage2.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level4_test() {\n    // flags\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026load_rom(\"4-flags.ch8\"));\n    for _ in 0..0x400 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_flags.asc\"));\n}\n","traces":[{"line":7,"address":[237040],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":8,"address":[237167,237270],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":11,"address":[237488],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":12,"address":[237718,237615],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}}],"covered":4,"coverable":4},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","tests","unit_tests.rs"],"content":"use gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction;\nuse gemma::chip8::delay_timer::DelayTimer;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::JPX;\nuse gemma::chip8::keypad::Keypad;\nuse gemma::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode::{Chip8, SChipModern, XOChip};\nuse gemma::chip8::registers::Chip8Registers;\nuse gemma::chip8::sound_timer::SoundTimer;\nuse gemma::chip8::stack::Chip8Stack;\nuse gemma::chip8::system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory;\nuse gemma::chip8::util::InstructionUtil;\nuse gemma::chip8::video::{Chip8Video, Chip8VideoModes};\nuse gemma::constants::*;\nuse log::debug;\nuse rand::random;\n\nconst TEST_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_DIR: \u0026str = \"../resources/test/\";\n\nfn read_test_result(suffix: \u0026str) -\u003e String {\n    std::fs::read_to_string(TEST_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_DIR.to_owned() + suffix).unwrap()\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn smoke() {\n    assert!(true)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn decoder_test_invalid_instructions() {\n    let invalid_to_encode = [\n        0x5ab1, 0x5abf, 0x8ab8, 0x8abd, 0x8abf, 0x9ab1, 0x9abf, 0xea9d, 0xea9f, 0xeaa0, 0xeaa2,\n        0xf006, 0xf008,\n    ];\n\n    for i in invalid_to_encode {\n        assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(i, \u0026Chip8).encode(), 0xffff);\n        assert!(matches!(\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(i, \u0026Chip8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n        ));\n    }\n}\n\n/// START OF THE EXECUTION TESTS\n#[test]\nfn instruction_tests() {\n    // 0x0nnn Exit to System Call\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0xFA0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xFA0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x0AF).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x0AF);\n\n    // 0x1nnn Jump to Address\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0xABC).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xABC);\n\n    // 0x6xkk Set Vx = kk\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(1, 0x12).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0x12);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(2, 0x21).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(2), 0x21);\n\n    // 0x3xkk Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n    // The interpreter compares register Vx to kk,\n    // and if they are equal, increments the program counter by 2.\n\n    // test setup: Load value 0x84 into V1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x84);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(1, 0x48).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x84);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(1, 0x84).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    // 0x4xkk Skip next instruction if Vx != kk\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x84);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x84);\n    // skip, compare 0x84 to 0x84\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x84);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x48);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    // 0x8xy0 Set value of Vy in Vx\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x02);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRY(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0x02);\n\n    // 0x8xy1 Set Vx = Vx OR Vy\n    //   0b0101 0000 (0x50)\n    // | 0b0000 1010 (0x0A)\n    //   0b0101 1010 (0x5A)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b01010000);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b00001010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b01011010);\n\n    // 0x8xy2 Set Vx = Vx AND Vy\n    //   0b1111 1100 (0xFC)\n    // \u0026 0b1100 1010 (0xCA)\n    //   0b1100 1000 (0xC8)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xFC);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0xCA);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0xC8);\n\n    // 0x8xy3 Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy\n    //   0b1111 1100 (0xFC)\n    // ^ 0b1100 1010 (0xCA)\n    //   0b0011 0110 (0x36)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b11111100);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b11001010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00110110);\n\n    // 0x8xy4 Set Vx = Vx + Vy (SET VF on Carry)\n    //    T1             T2: Judgement Test\n    //   0x01           0xFF\n    // + 0x01           0x01\n    //   0x02 F0        0x00 F1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x00);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x02);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xff);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0);\n\n    /*\n    Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n\n    If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n    */\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b00001000);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b00000000);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x); // 0b0000 0010 (0x02) (Not Set)\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00000100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0);\n\n    x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b00001001);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00000100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x123).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 0x123);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn jp_v0addr_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    /// jump to I + nnn\n    x.registers.poke(0x0, 0xff);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x100).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x1FF);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn cls_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.peek(i as u16));\n    }\n    // draw some thing to the video memory\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x01, true);\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x03, true);\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x05, true);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS.execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn skip_next_instruction_ne_text() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x1, 0x0f).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x1, 0xf0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn addivx_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke_i(0xabc);\n    x.registers.poke(0x0, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0x0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 0xacc);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ldstvt_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(0x01).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.sound_timer.current(), 0xf0);\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    assert_eq!(x.sound_timer.current(), 0xed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn rnd_vx_byte_text() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x1, 0x0f).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    let new_value = x.registers.peek(0x1);\n    assert!(new_value \u003c 0x10);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn add_vx_byte_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // set a value in the register\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xab);\n    // add 0x10 to register\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x1, 0x10).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0xbb);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sub_vx_vy_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // load values in 2 registers\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x08);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0x8);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sne_vx_vy_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x00);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ld_dt_vx_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0x10);\n    for i in 0..0x20 {\n        x.delay_timer.tick();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ld_vx_dt_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0xed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn subn_vx_vy_test() {\n    // This instruction subtracts the value in\n    // register Vx from the value in register Vy and stores the result in register Vx.\n    // The subtraction is performed as follows: Vx = Vy - Vx. If Vy is less than Vx,\n    // the result will wrap around (due to the 8-bit nature of the registers).\n    // The carry flag (VF) is set to 1 if there is no borrow (i.e., Vy is greater\n    // than or equal to Vx), and it is set to 0 if there is a borrow.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xa0);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0xab);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // expect the result to be 0x0b\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0x0b);\n    // expect the vf register to be set to 1 as there was overflow\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x1);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xab);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0xa0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // expect the result to be 11110101, -0xB, -11, 245, 0xF5\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0xf5);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x0);\n\n    // 8xyE - SHL Vx {, Vy}\n    // Set Vx = Vx SHL 1.\n    //\n    // If the most-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise to 0. Then Vx is multiplied by 2.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0b00100000);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x1, 0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0b01000000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0b10101010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x1, 0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0b01010100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x1);\n\n    // Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n    // Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n    //\n    // The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite corresponding to the value of Vx. See section 2.4, Display, for more information on the Chip-8 hexadecimal font.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // target_sprite = 2\n    // target_offset = 0x5\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x2);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 10);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x06);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 30);\n\n    // Fx33 - LD B, Vx\n    // Store BCD representation of Vx in memory locations I, I+1, and I+2.\n    //\n    // The interpreter takes the decimal value of Vx, and places the hundreds digit\n    // in memory at location in I, the tens digit at location I+1,\n    // and the ones digit at location I+2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    // load the value 123 (0x7b)\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x7b);\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x500), 0x1);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x501), 0x2);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x502), 0x3);\n\n    // Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n    //\n    // The interpreter copies the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n    // starting at the address in I.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    // Load Registers.\n    let to_load = [0xab, 0xba, 0xca, 0xca, 0xbe, 0xef];\n    for (idx, val) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        x.registers.poke(idx as u8, *val);\n    }\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(to_load.len() as u8).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // Verify the values are in memory from 0x500 to 0x507\n    for (idx, value) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x500 + idx as u16), *value);\n    }\n\n    // Read registers V0 through Vx from memory starting at location I.\n    //\n    // The interpreter reads values from memory starting at location I into registers V0 through Vx.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    let base_offset = 0x500;\n    let to_load = [0xab, 0xba, 0xca, 0xca, 0xbe, 0xef];\n\n    // start by setting values in memory\n    for (idx, memory) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        let target_address = base_offset + idx;\n        let target_value = *memory;\n        x.memory.poke(target_address as u16, target_value);\n    }\n    // where to load from\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n    // how much to load\n    x.registers.poke(0x6, to_load.len() as u8);\n\n    // then copying them values memory to registers\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x6).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // now check that we have the right values in our registers\n    for (idx, value) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(idx as u8), *value);\n    }\n\n    // ExA1 - SKNP Vx\n    // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n    //\n    // Checks the keyboard,\n    // and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the up position,\n    // PC is increased by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x5);\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n    x.keypad.release_key(0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x206);\n\n    // Ex9E - SKP Vx\n    // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n    //\n    // Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x5);\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    x.keypad.release_key(0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x206);\n}\n\nfn draw_nibble_vx_vy_n_test_hd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    let x_register = 0x01;\n    let x_offset = 0x03;\n    let y_register = 0x02;\n    let y_offset = 0x04;\n    let char_offset = 0x100;\n    x.registers.poke(x_register, x_offset);\n    x.registers.poke(y_register, y_offset);\n    x.video_memory.set_highres();\n    x.registers.poke_i(char_offset);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, 0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    println!(\"[[{}]]\", x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"\"), x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn draw_nibble_vx_vy_n_test_sd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let x_register = 0x1;\n    let y_register = 0x2;\n    let x_offset = 1;\n    let y_offset = 2;\n    let char_offset = 0x0A;\n\n    // now lets set the X and Y to 1,2\n    x.registers.poke(x_register, x_offset);\n    x.registers.poke(y_register, y_offset);\n    x.registers.poke_i(char_offset);\n    // we are using 5 rows.\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, 5).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // now check that video memory has the values at\n    // 1,2-\u003e1,9\n    // 2,2-\u003e2,9\n    // 3,2-\u003e3,9\n    // 4,2-\u003e4,9\n    // 5,2-\u003e5,9\n    //  let byte_to_check = CHIP8FONT_0[0];\n    for row_in_sprite in 0..5 {\n        let row_data = CHIP8FONT_2[row_in_sprite];\n        for bit_in_byte in 0..8 {\n            let data_offset =\n                (x_offset as u16 + row_in_sprite as u16) * 64 + (bit_in_byte + y_offset) as u16;\n            let real_bit_in_byte = 7 - bit_in_byte;\n            let shifted_one = 0x01 \u003c\u003c real_bit_in_byte;\n            let one_shift_set = (shifted_one \u0026 row_data) \u003e 0;\n            debug!(\"ROWDATA = \\t\\t[{row_data:08b}]\\tBIT IN BYTE = \\t[{bit_in_byte}]\\tONE_SHIFT_SET = [{one_shift_set}]\\tSHIFTED ONE = [{shifted_one:08b}]\");\n            debug!(\"DATA_OFFSET FOR SOURCE DATA {}x{} is {} / offset by {}x{} and should be {} working with byte {:08b}\",\n                         bit_in_byte, row_in_sprite, data_offset, x_offset, y_offset, one_shift_set, row_data);\n        }\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sub_test() {\n    // 2nnn\n    // Call a subroutine at 2nnn\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x124).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x124);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 1);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x564).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x564);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 2);\n\n    // SETUP\n    // Return from a subroutine.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.stack.push(\u00260x132);\n    x.stack.push(\u00260xabc);\n    // EXECUTE\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RET.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // VERIFY\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xabc);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 1);\n    // EXECUTE\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RET.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // VERIFY\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x132);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ldvxk_test() {\n    // SETUP\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert!(matches!(\n        x.state,\n        gemma::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey\n    ));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn series8xy4_corex_tests() {\n    /// 8xy4\n    /// Set Vx = Vx + Vy\n    /// Set VF=1 if Carry\n    ///\n    // 1 + 1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x02);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    // 255+1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xff);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x00);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n\n    // 128+192\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 128);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 192);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 64);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 1);\n\n    // 8xy6 - SHR Vx {, Vy}\n    // Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n    //\n    // If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1,\n    // otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // 0b10101010 -\u003e 0b01010101\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b10101010);\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x0);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01010100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 1);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b10101000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01010000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b10100000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01000000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn random_produces_different_numbers() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x00);\n    let first_number = Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x01, 0xff)\n        .execute(\u0026mut x)\n        .registers\n        .peek(0x01);\n    let second_number = Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x01, 0xff)\n        .execute(\u0026mut x)\n        .registers\n        .peek(0x01);\n    assert_ne!(first_number, second_number);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn delay_timer_ticks_reduce_time() {\n    let mut st = DelayTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(100);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 97);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn delay_timer_out_of_ticks_works() {\n    let mut st = DelayTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(0);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn keypad_keys_check() {\n    let mut k = Keypad::new();\n\n    for i in 0..16 {\n        assert!(!k.key_state(i));\n    }\n\n    // press a key\n    k.push_key(1);\n    k.push_key(2);\n    assert!(k.pressed(1));\n    assert!(k.pressed(2));\n    k.release_key(1);\n    assert!(k.released(1));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn keypad_string_format_test() {\n    let k = Keypad::new();\n\n    assert_eq!(\n        k.format_as_string(),\n        read_test_result(\"gemma_keypad_string_result.asc\")\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn register_rw_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.poke(0x0, 0xff);\n    x.poke(0x1, 0xab);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek(0x0), 0xff);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek(0x1), 0xab);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn pc_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.set_pc(0x300);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek_pc(), 0x300);\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn invalid_register() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.poke(0x10, 0xff);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn format_as_string_looks_right() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    for i in 0..0x10 {\n        x.registers[i] = i as u8;\n    }\n    x.pc = 0xabc;\n    x.i_register = 0xcab;\n    let result_string = x.format_as_string();\n    assert_eq!(result_string, String::from(\"Vx: 0x00 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x04 0x05 0x06 0x07\\n    0x08 0x09 0x0a 0x0b 0x0c 0x0d 0x0e 0x0f\\nI: 0x0cab\\tPC: 0x0abc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn reset_clears_registers() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n\n    for register in 0..0x10 {\n        x.poke(register, random::\u003cu8\u003e());\n    }\n    x.reset();\n    for register in 0..0x10 {\n        assert_eq!(x.peek(register), 0x00);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sound_timer_ticks_reduce_time() {\n    let mut st = SoundTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(100);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 97);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sound_timer_out_of_ticks_works() {\n    let mut st = SoundTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(0);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn stack_push_pop_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n\n    // lets see if we can push and pop a bunch\n    x.push(\u00260xabcu16);\n    x.push(\u00260xcdeu16);\n    x.pop();\n    assert_eq!(x.depth(), 1);\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn stack_overflow_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    for i in 0..17 {\n        x.push(\u0026i);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn stack_underflow_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    x.pop();\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn stack_lots_of_subs() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    let stack_contents = [\n        0x123, 0x321, 0xabc, 0xdef, 0xbad, 0xbef, 0xfed, 0xcab, 0xbed, 0xcad, 0xfeb, 0xcab, 0xfff,\n        0x000, 0x001,\n    ];\n    for i in stack_contents {\n        x.push(\u0026i);\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.depth(), 15);\n\n    // up to 50 random loops\n    let num_loops: u8 = random::\u003cu8\u003e() % 50;\n    for i in 0..num_loops {\n        let start_count = x.depth();\n        let num_pop = random::\u003cu8\u003e() % x.depth() as u8;\n        for current_pop in 0..num_pop {\n            x.pop();\n        }\n\n        let post_pop_count = x.depth();\n        assert_eq!(post_pop_count as u8, start_count as u8 - num_pop);\n        for current_push in 0..num_pop {\n            x.push(\u0026stack_contents[(current_push + post_pop_count as u8) as usize]);\n        }\n        assert_eq!(x.depth(), 15);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_split_bytes() {\n    // from 0xABCD we should have AB high, CD low\n    let (low, high) = InstructionUtil::split_bytes(0xabcd);\n    assert_eq!(low, 0xAB);\n    assert_eq!(high, 0xCD);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_join_bytes() {\n    // from 0xAB low and 0xCD high we get 0xABCD\n    let merged = InstructionUtil::join_bytes(0xcd, 0xab);\n    assert_eq!(merged, 0xcdab);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_read_from_instruction() {\n    // from 0xABCD\n    let source = 0xABCD;\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_addr_from_instruction(source), 0xBCD);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_nibble_from_instruction(source), 0xD);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_x_from_instruction(source), 0xB);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_y_from_instruction(source), 0xC);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_byte_from_instruction(source), 0xCD);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_ubln() {\n    // from 0xABCD we should see B\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0xABCD), 0xB);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0x0123), 0x1);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0x0000), 0x0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_byte_to_bool_changes() {\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b00000000),\n        [false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false]\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11111111),\n        [true, true, true, true, true, true, true, true]\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11001100),\n        [false, false, true, true, false, false, true, true]\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11110000),\n        [false, false, false, false, true, true, true, true]\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false]),\n        0b00000000\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([true, true, true, true, true, true, true, true]),\n        0b11111111\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, true, true, false, false, true, true]),\n        0b11001100\n    );\n    assert_eq!(\n        InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, false, false, true, true, true, true]),\n        0b11110000\n    );\n}\n\nfn real_build_checkboard(in_hd: bool) -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    let mut r = Chip8Video::default();\n    let (width, height) = if in_hd {\n        r.set_highres();\n        (SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n    } else {\n        (CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n    };\n\n    println!(\"BUILDING BOARD WITH SIZE OF {width}x{height}\");\n\n    for row in 0..height {\n        let data_offset = row * width;\n\n        for col in 0..width {\n            // XOR row and column indices to alternate in a checkerboard pattern\n            let to_poke = (row % 2) ^ (col % 2) == 1;\n            let local_offset: u16 = (data_offset + col) as u16;\n\n            r.poke(local_offset, to_poke);\n        }\n    }\n    r\n}\n\nfn build_checkboard_hd() -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    real_build_checkboard(true)\n}\n\nfn build_checkerboard() -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    real_build_checkboard(false)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_default_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.clone().peek(i as u16));\n        // then flip the value and test again.\n        x.poke(i as u16, true);\n        assert!(x.clone().peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_set_initial_memory_sd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    // let mut initial_memory = [false; CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY];\n    let mut ws = String::new();\n    // set our checkerboard\n    for cbr in 0..32 {\n        for cbc in 0..64 {\n            let dof = cbr * 64 + cbc;\n            if (dof as i32 % 2) == 0 {\n                x.poke(dof, true);\n                ws += \"*\";\n            } else {\n                ws += \" \";\n            }\n        }\n        ws += \"\\n\";\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.format_as_string(), ws);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_byte_test() {\n    let to_poke = 0b11001111;\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x05, to_poke);\n    let mut expected = String::new();\n    expected = \"     **  ****                                                   \\n\".to_string();\n    for i in 0..31 {\n        expected += \u0026*(\" \".repeat(64) + \"\\n\");\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.format_as_string(), expected);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_2byte_test() {\n    let to_poke: [u8; 2] = [0b11001111, 0b00111100];\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_2byte(0x00, to_poke);\n\n    let mut expected = String::new();\n    expected = \"**  ****  ****  \".to_string() + \u0026*\" \".repeat(64 - 16).to_string() + \"\\n\";\n    for i in 0..31 {\n        expected += \u0026*((*\" \".repeat(64)).to_string() + \"\\n\");\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(expected, x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_multirow_2_byte_sprite() {\n    // take 2 rows of 16bits and write them to memory\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_cls_stddef() {\n    let width = 64;\n    let height = 32;\n    let initial_memory = vec![];\n    let mut ws = String::new();\n    let mut set_x = Chip8Video::new(initial_memory.into());\n    for cbr in 0..32 {\n        ws += \u0026*\" \".repeat(width);\n        ws += \"\\n\";\n    }\n    set_x.cls();\n\n    assert_eq!(set_x.format_as_string(), ws);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_byte_test_2() {\n    let to_poke = 0b10101010;\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    v.poke_byte(0x00, to_poke);\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x00));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x01));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x02));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x03));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x04));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x05));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x06));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x07));\n    for i in 0x8..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_multi_line_test() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    let to_poke = [0b00000000, 0b11111111, 0b10101010, 0b01010101];\n\n    for (byte_in_set, byte_to_poke) in to_poke.iter().enumerate() {\n        let base_offset = byte_in_set * 64;\n        v.poke_byte(base_offset as u16, *byte_to_poke);\n    }\n\n    // row 2 column 1\n    {\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x40));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x41));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x42));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x43));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x44));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x45));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x46));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x47));\n\n        // row 3 column 1\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC0));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC1));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC2));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC3));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC4));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC5));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC6));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC7));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_moved_poke_test() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    let to_poke = [0b00000000, 0b11111111, 0b10101010, 0b01010101];\n\n    let x_offset = 20;\n    let y_offset = 5;\n\n    for (byte_in_set, byte_to_poke) in to_poke.iter().enumerate() {\n        let base_offset = (x_offset + byte_in_set) * 64 + y_offset;\n        v.poke_byte(base_offset as u16, *byte_to_poke);\n    }\n\n    let test_offset = (x_offset * 64 + y_offset) as u16;\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 1));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 2));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 3));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 4));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 5));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 6));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 7));\n\n    let test_offset = test_offset + 0x40;\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 1));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 2));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 3));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 4));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 5));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 6));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 7));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_verify_change_registered() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    v.poke(0x01, true);\n    v.poke(0x01, true);\n    assert!(v.has_frame_changed);\n\n    v.start_frame();\n    assert!(!v.has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_write_checkboard() {\n    let v = build_checkerboard();\n    assert_eq!(\n        v.clone().format_as_string(),\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_write_checkerboard.asc\")\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_zero_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    for (byte_index, data_offset) in (0..=0x100).step_by(0x40).enumerate() {\n        x.poke_byte(data_offset as u16, CHIP8FONT_0[byte_index]);\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_zero.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_multi_sprite_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    // draw a row of digits 01234567\n    let to_draw = [\n        CHIP8FONT_0,\n        CHIP8FONT_1,\n        CHIP8FONT_2,\n        CHIP8FONT_3,\n        CHIP8FONT_4,\n        CHIP8FONT_5,\n        CHIP8FONT_6,\n        CHIP8FONT_7,\n    ];\n    for (index, sprite) in to_draw.iter().enumerate() {\n        let data_base_offset = index * 0x8;\n        for (index, offset) in (0..=0x100).step_by(0x40).enumerate() {\n            x.poke_byte((data_base_offset + offset) as u16, sprite[index]);\n        }\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_multi_sprite.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_reset_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.reset();\n    assert_eq!(\n        x.format_as_string(),\n        read_test_result(\"test_reset_clears_video.asc\")\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_collision_test() {\n    // Setup: Set 0xFF to 0x00 with a new frame ready\n    // Action: Run Poke to the same area\n    // Test: Verify the 'changed' flag is tripped\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0xff);\n    x.tick();\n    // set the cell thats already set...\n    x.poke(0x00, true);\n    // it becomes unset and theres a frame changed\n    assert!(!x.peek(0x00));\n\n    assert!(x.clone().has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_collision_test2() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0b11110000);\n    assert!(x.has_frame_changed);\n    x.tick();\n    assert!(!x.has_frame_changed);\n    // clear the 'has changed' flag\n\n    // now set a no-collision value\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0b00001111);\n    assert!(x.has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_collision_test3() {\n    // draw a couple sprites that do not overlap.\n    // goal being drawing without triggering the collision\n    // detection.\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0b11110000);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_peek_out_of_bounds_doesnt_panic() {\n    let x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    let y = x.clone().peek(2049);\n    let y = x.clone().peek(0);\n\n    // if we got here we didn't panic\n    assert!(true);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_1_row_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_down(1);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_1.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_10_row_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_down(10);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_10.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_high_res_has_right_resolution() {\n    let x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    println!(\"[{}]\", x.format_as_string());\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_highdef.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_1_row_test_schip() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_down(1);\n\n    println!(\"[{}]\", x.format_as_string());\n    println!(\"[{}]\", read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_1_hd.asc\"));\n\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_1_hd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_10_row_test_schip() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_down(10);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_10_hd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_left_4_row_test_std_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_left();\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_left_4_row_test_high_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_left();\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4_hd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_right_4_row_test_std_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_right();\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_right_4_row_test_high_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_right();\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4_hd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instructions_operands_tests() {\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x000).operands(), \"0x0000\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x123).operands(), \"0x0123\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0x234).operands(), \"0x0234\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x345).operands(), \"0x0345\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x456).operands(), \"0x0456\");\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_ena_dis_tests() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    for quirk in [SChipModern, XOChip] {\n        x.quirk_mode = quirk;\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.is_highres());\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH.execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert!(x.video_memory.is_highres());\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::HIGH.execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert!(x.video_memory.is_highres());\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::LOW.execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.is_highres());\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_test_scrolling_lowres() {\n    for quirk in [SChipModern, XOChip] {\n        let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n        x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n        x.quirk_mode = quirk.clone();\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR.execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert_eq!(\n            read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4.asc\"),\n            x.dump_video_to_string()\n        );\n\n        x = Chip8Computer::new();\n        x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n        x.quirk_mode = quirk.clone();\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::SCL.execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n        assert_eq!(\n            read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4.asc\"),\n            x.dump_video_to_string()\n        );\n\n        x = Chip8Computer::new();\n        x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n        x.quirk_mode = quirk.clone();\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(0x01).execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert_eq!(\n            read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_1.asc\"),\n            x.dump_video_to_string()\n        );\n\n        x = Chip8Computer::new();\n        x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n        x.quirk_mode = quirk.clone();\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::SCD(0xA).execute(\u0026mut x);\n        assert_eq!(\n            read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_10.asc\"),\n            x.dump_video_to_string()\n        );\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn computer_dump_keypad_to_string() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x1);\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x2);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_keypad_to_string.asc\"),\n        x.dump_keypad_to_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn computer_dump_registers_to_string() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let values_to_set = [\n        0x0b, 0xad, 0xbe, 0xef, 0xca, 0xb0, 0x7a, 0xc0, 0xca, 0x70, 0xba, 0xdb, 0xed, 0x00, 0x00,\n        0x00,\n    ];\n    let expected_value = \"Vx: 0x0b 0xad 0xbe 0xef 0xca 0xb0 0x7a 0xc0\\n    0xca 0x70 0xba 0xdb 0xed 0x00 0x00 0x00\\nI: 0x0000\\tPC: 0x0200\";\n\n    for i in 0..16 {\n        x.registers.poke(i, values_to_set[i as usize]);\n    }\n\n    // now verify.\n    assert_eq!(expected_value, x.dump_registers_to_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_up_tests_sd() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    let distance = 1u8;\n    x.scroll_up(\u0026distance);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_up_test_sd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_up_tests_hd() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    let distance = 1u8;\n    x.scroll_up(\u0026distance);\n    assert_eq!(\n        read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_up_test_hd.asc\"),\n        x.format_as_string()\n    );\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_resolution_changing() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    x.set_highres();\n    assert_eq!(x.get_resolution(), (SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT));\n    assert!(matches!(\n        x.get_screen_resolution(),\n        Chip8VideoModes::HighRes\n    ));\n    x.set_lowres();\n    assert_eq!(x.get_resolution(), (CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT));\n    assert!(matches!(x.get_screen_resolution(), Chip8VideoModes::LowRes));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn delay_timer_default() {\n    let t = DelayTimer::default();\n    assert_eq!(t.current(), 0xff);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_jpx() {\n    // JPX -\u003e 0xBXnn\n    // Jump to Xnn+Vx\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // set X1 to 4...\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x04);\n    // ...use (x1)+0x134\n    let to_execute = JPX(0x01, 0x34);\n    // expect to set PC to 0x834\n    to_execute.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 0x834);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_ldrd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.state = WaitingForInstruction;\n    x.delay_timer.set_timer(0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x01).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x01);\n    x.delay_timer.set_timer(0xff);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x00), 0xff);\n    x.step_system();\n    x.step_system();\n    x.step_system();\n    x.step_system();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0), 0xfb);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_hires_loop_check() {\n    let max_address = SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY;\n    let x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.peek((max_address + 1) as u16);\n    // if we got here we didn't explode!\n    assert!(true);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sound_timer_default() {\n    let x = SoundTimer::default();\n    assert_eq!(x.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn system_memory_new() {\n    let x = Chip8SystemMemory::new();\n    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gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::*;\nuse gemma::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode::{Chip8, SChipModern, XOChip};\nuse gemma::constants::*;\n\n#[derive(Clone)]\nstruct InstructionTestQuirks {\n    chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions,\n    schip: Chip8CpuInstructions,\n    xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions,\n}\n\n#[derive(Clone)]\nstruct InstructionTest {\n    name: String,\n    instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions,\n    operands: String,\n    asm: String,\n    encoded: u16,\n    quirks: InstructionTestQuirks,\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instructions_encode_decode_tests_with_quirks() {\n    let it = vec![\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SYS.to_string(),\n            instruction: SYS(0x123),\n            operands: \"0x0123\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SYS 0x0123\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x0123,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SYS(0x123),\n                schip: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                xochip: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_CLS.to_string(),\n            instruction: CLS,\n            asm: \"CLS\".to_string(),\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00E0,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: CLS,\n                schip: CLS,\n                xochip: CLS,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_RET.to_string(),\n            instruction: RET,\n            asm: \"RET\".to_string(),\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00ee,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: RET,\n                schip: RET,\n                xochip: RET,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPX.to_string(),\n            instruction: JPX(0x1, 0xab),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0x01ab\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"JPX 0x01, 0x01ab\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xb1ab,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: JPX(0x1, 0xab),\n                xochip: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_CALL.to_string(),\n            instruction: CALL(0x123),\n            asm: \"CALL 0x0123\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x2123,\n            operands: \"0x0123\".to_string(),\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: CALL(0x123),\n                schip: CALL(0x123),\n                xochip: CALL(0x123),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_DRW.to_string(),\n            instruction: DRW(0x01, 0x02, 0x03),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0x02, 0x03\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"DRW 0x01, 0x02, 0x03\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xd123,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: DRW(0x1, 0x2, 0x3),\n                schip: DRW(0x1, 0x2, 0x3),\n                xochip: DRW(0x1, 0x2, 0x3),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPI.to_string(),\n            instruction: JPI(0x321),\n            operands: \"0x0321\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"JPI 0x0321\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xb321,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: JPI(0x321),\n                schip: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                xochip: JPI(0x321),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SCD.to_string(),\n            instruction: SCD(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SCD 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00c1,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: SCD(0x1),\n                xochip: SCD(0x1),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SCR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SCR,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SCR\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FB,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: SCR,\n                xochip: SCR,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SCL.to_string(),\n            instruction: SCL,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SCL\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FC,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: SCL,\n                xochip: SCL,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_EXIT.to_string(),\n            instruction: EXIT,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"EXIT\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FD,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: EXIT,\n                xochip: EXIT,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LOW.to_string(),\n            instruction: LOW,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LOW\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FE,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: LOW,\n                xochip: LOW,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_HIGH.to_string(),\n            instruction: HIGH,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"HIGH\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FF,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: HIGH,\n                xochip: HIGH,\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SEX.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x01, 0xfa),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xfa\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SEX 0x01, 0xfa\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x31fa,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x1, 0xfa),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x1, 0xfa),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x1, 0xfa),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SNEB.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x01, 0xab),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SNEB 0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x41ab,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SNEB(0x01, 0xab),\n                schip: SNEB(0x01, 0xab),\n                xochip: SNEB(0x01, 0xab),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SEY.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SEY 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x5120,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SEY(0x1, 0x2),\n                schip: SEY(0x1, 0x2),\n                xochip: SEY(0x1, 0x2),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDR.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDR(0xa, 0xbe),\n            operands: \"0x0a, 0xbe\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDR 0x0a, 0xbe\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x6abe,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDR(0xa, 0xbe),\n                schip: LDR(0xa, 0xbe),\n                xochip: LDR(0xa, 0xbe),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADD.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x01, 0xab),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ADD 0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x71ab,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: ADD(0x01, 0xab),\n                schip: ADD(0x01, 0xab),\n                xochip: ADD(0x01, 0xab),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRK.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x6),\n            operands: \"0x06\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRK 0x06\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF60A,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x6),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x6),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x6),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADDI.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0x02),\n            operands: \"0x02\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ADDI 0x02\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF21E,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: ADDI(0x02),\n                schip: ADDI(0x02),\n                xochip: ADDI(0x02),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADD.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x02, 0x12),\n            operands: \"0x02, 0x12\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ADD 0x02, 0x12\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x7212,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: ADD(0x02, 0x12),\n                schip: ADD(0x02, 0x12),\n                xochip: ADD(0x02, 0x12),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SCU.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SCU(0x04),\n            operands: \"0x04\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SCU 0x04\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00D4,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                xochip: SCU(0x04),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADDR.to_string(),\n            instruction: ADDR(0x01, 0x02),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ADDR 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8124,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: ADDR(0x01, 0x02),\n                schip: ADDR(0x01, 0x02),\n                xochip: ADDR(0x01, 0x02),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_AND.to_string(),\n            instruction: AND(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"AND 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8122,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: AND(0x1, 0x2),\n                schip: AND(0x1, 0x2),\n                xochip: AND(0x1, 0x2),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPA.to_string(),\n            instruction: JPA(0x345),\n            operands: \"0x0345\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"JPA 0x0345\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x1345,\n\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: JPA(0x345),\n                schip: JPA(0x345),\n                xochip: JPA(0x345),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_BCD.to_string(),\n            instruction: BCD(0xc),\n            operands: \"0x0c\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"BCD 0x0c\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xfc33,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: BCD(0xcd),\n                schip: BCD(0xcd),\n                xochip: BCD(0xcd),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDD.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDD(0xfc),\n            operands: \"0xfc\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDD 0xfc\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xfc15,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDD(0xfc),\n                schip: LDD(0xfc),\n                xochip: LDD(0xfc),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ORY.to_string(),\n            instruction: ORY(0x01, 0x3),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x3\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ORY 0x1, 0x3\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8133,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: ORY(0x01, 0x3),\n                schip: ORY(0x01, 0x3),\n                xochip: ORY(0x01, 0x3),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SUBC.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SUBC 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8127,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SUB.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SUB 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8125,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x2),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x2),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x2),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_STR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(0x06),\n            operands: \"0x06\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"STR 0x06\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf675,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(0x06),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(0x06),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_OR.to_string(),\n            instruction: OR(0x01, 0x02),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"OR 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8121,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: OR(0x01, 0x02),\n                schip: OR(0x01, 0x02),\n                xochip: OR(0x01, 0x02),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SHR.to_string(),\n            instruction: SHR(0x04, 0x4),\n            operands: \"0x4, 0x4\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SHR 0x4, 0x4\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8446,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SHR(0x04, 0x4),\n                schip: SHR(0x04, 0x4),\n                xochip: SHR(0x04, 0x4),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SHL.to_string(),\n            instruction: SHL(0x04, 0x4),\n            operands: \"0x4, 0x4\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SHL 0x4, 0x4\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x844e,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SHL(0x04, 0x4),\n                schip: SHL(0x04, 0x4),\n                xochip: SHL(0x04, 0x4),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_RND.to_string(),\n            instruction: RND(0x01, 0xff),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xff\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"RND 0x01, 0xff\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xc1ff,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: RND(0x01, 0xff),\n                schip: RND(0x01, 0xff),\n                xochip: RND(0x01, 0xff),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRY.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDRY(0x01, 0x02),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRY 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8120,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDRY(0x01, 0x02),\n                schip: LDRY(0x01, 0x02),\n                xochip: LDRY(0x01, 0x02),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDIS.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDIS(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDIS 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf118,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDIS(0x01),\n                schip: LDIS(0x01),\n                xochip: LDIS(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LIDR.to_string(),\n            instruction: LIDR(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LIDR 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf185,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: LIDR(0x01),\n                xochip: LIDR(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDF2.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDF2(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDF2 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf130,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n                schip: LDF2(0x01),\n                xochip: LDF2(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDF.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDFX(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDF 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf129,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDFX(0x01),\n                schip: LDFX(0x01),\n                xochip: LDFX(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDIA.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDIA(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x0001\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDIA 0x0001\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xa001,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDIA(0x01),\n                schip: LDIA(0x01),\n                xochip: LDIA(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDIX.to_string(),\n            instruction: LDIX(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDIX 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf155,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: LDIX(0x01),\n                schip: LDIX(0x01),\n                xochip: LDIX(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRD.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRD 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf107,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x01),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x01),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRI.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRI 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xf165,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x01),\n                schip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x01),\n                xochip: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SKP.to_string(),\n            instruction: SKP(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SKP 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xe19e,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SKP(0x01),\n                schip: SKP(0x01),\n                xochip: SKP(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SNEY.to_string(),\n            instruction: SNEY(0x01, 0x1),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x1\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SNEY 0x1, 0x1\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x9110,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SNEY(0x01, 0x1),\n                schip: SNEY(0x01, 0x1),\n                xochip: SNEY(0x01, 0x1),\n            },\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SKNP.to_string(),\n            instruction: SKNP(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SKNP 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xe1a1,\n            quirks: InstructionTestQuirks {\n                chip8: SKNP(0x01),\n                schip: SKNP(0x01),\n                xochip: SKNP(0x01),\n            },\n        },\n    ];\n\n    for current in it {\n        let instruction = current.clone().instruction;\n        let asm = Chip8CpuInstructions::from_str(\u0026current.asm);\n        let as_chip8 = Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(current.encoded, \u0026Chip8);\n        let quirks_chip8 = current.quirks.chip8;\n        let as_schip = Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(current.encoded, \u0026SChipModern);\n        let quirks_schip = current.quirks.schip;\n        let as_xochip = Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(current.encoded, \u0026XOChip);\n        let quirks_xochip = current.quirks.xochip;\n\n        // ** CONVERSION **\n        // -\u003e Integer to Instruction\n        assert!(matches!(\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(current.encoded, \u0026Chip8),\n            i\n        ));\n        // -\u003e Instruction to Integer\n        println!(\n            \"TESTING INSTRUCTION TO INTEGER FOR {:?} / {:04x} {:04x}\",\n            current.instruction,\n            current.encoded,\n            instruction.encode()\n        );\n        assert_eq!(current.encoded, instruction.encode());\n        // -\u003e Instruction to String\n        assert_eq!(instruction.to_string(), current.asm);\n        assert_eq!(instruction.operands(), current.operands);\n        assert_eq!(current.instruction.name(), current.name);\n        // -\u003e String to Instruction\n        assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::from_str(\u0026current.name), asm));\n        // ** QUIRKS **\n        assert!(matches!(as_chip8, quirks_chip8));\n        assert!(matches!(as_schip, quirks_schip));\n        assert!(matches!(as_xochip, quirks_xochip));\n    }\n}\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","gemmaegui.rs"],"content":"use std::path::PathBuf;\nuse std::time::Instant;\nuse crate::support::gemma_egui_support::{EGuiFileList, GemmaEguiSupport};\nuse eframe::egui;\nuse egui::Key;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\n\nmod support;\n\nconst LIN_KEYS: [[(Key, u8); 4]; 4] = [\n    [(Key::Num1, 0x01), (Key::Num2, 0x02), (Key::Num3, 0x03), (Key::Num4, 0x0c)],\n    [(Key::Q, 0x04), (Key::W, 0x05), (Key::E, 0x06), (Key::R, 0x0d)],\n    [(Key::A, 0x07), (Key::S, 0x08), (Key::D, 0x09), (Key::F, 0x0e)],\n    [(Key::Z, 0x0a), (Key::X, 0x00), (Key::C, 0x0b), (Key::V, 0x0F)]\n];\n\n#[derive(Default)]\nstruct DisplayOptions {\n    pub video: bool,\n    pub registers: bool,\n    pub memory: bool,\n}\npub struct GemmaViewerState {\n    pub selected_file_index: i32,\n    pub selected_filename: String,\n    pub display_options: DisplayOptions,\n}\n\nimpl Default for GemmaViewerState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        GemmaViewerState {\n            selected_file_index: -1,\n            selected_filename: String::new(),\n            display_options: Default::default(),\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl GemmaViewerState {\n    pub fn new() -\u003e GemmaViewerState {\n        GemmaViewerState {\n            ..Default::default()\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nfn main() -\u003e eframe::Result {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n\n    let mut computer = Chip8ComputerManager::new();\n    let mut state = GemmaViewerState::new();\n\n    let options = eframe::NativeOptions {\n        viewport: egui::ViewportBuilder::default().with_inner_size([320.0, 240.0]),\n        ..Default::default()\n    };\n\n    eframe::run_simple_native(\"EGUI Gemma\", options, move |ctx, _frame| {\n        catppuccin_egui::set_theme(ctx, catppuccin_egui::MOCHA);\n        egui::CentralPanel::default().show(ctx, |ui| {\n            let frame_start_time = Instant::now();\n\n            let local_computer = computer.state();\n            //if state.display_video {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::video_view(local_computer, ui);\n            // }\n\n            ui.heading(\"EGUI Gemma\");\n\n            //  if state.display_memory {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::memory_view(local_computer, ui);\n            //  }\n\n            //  if state.display_registers {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::registers_view(local_computer, ui);\n            //  }\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                if ui.button(\"Start\").clicked() {\n                    computer.start();\n                }\n                if ui.button(\"Step\").clicked() {\n                    computer.step();\n                }\n\n                if ui.button(\"Stop\").clicked() {\n                    computer.stop();\n                    //     state.is_running = false;\n                }\n                if ui.button(\"Reset\").clicked() {\n                    computer.reset();\n                    //   state.is_running = false;\n                }\n            });\n\n            if ui.button(format!(\"Load {}\", state.selected_filename)).clicked() {\n               // println!(\"Should load the bin now\");\n                let read_bin = std::fs::read(PathBuf::from(format!(\"resources/roms/{}\", state.selected_filename))).unwrap();\n                computer.load_new_program_to_system_memory(read_bin);\n            };\n            EGuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(\"resources/roms\"), \u0026mut state.selected_filename, ui);\n            ctx.input(|input| {\n                // loop through the keys we are checking...\n                for row in LIN_KEYS {\n                    for (keyboard_key, keypad_key) in row {\n                        if input.key_pressed(keyboard_key) {\n                            computer.press_key(keypad_key);\n                           // println!(\"KEY {keypad_key:02x} DOWN\");\n                        } else {\n                            // release it if the user just did\n                            if computer.is_key_pressed(keypad_key) {\n                                computer.release_key(keypad_key);\n                            //    println!(\"KEY {keypad_key:02x} up\");\n                            }\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n            });\n\n            // run our target number of ticks in the amount of available time.\n            let time_consumed = Instant::now().duration_since(frame_start_time).as_millis();\n            let mut num_ticks = 0;\n            while num_ticks \u003c 1000 {\n                computer.tick();\n                num_ticks += 1;\n            }\n            ctx.request_repaint();\n        });\n    })\n}\n","traces":[{"line":31,"address":[3146416,3146584],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[3146435],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[3146497,3146440],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[3146608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[3147747,3146704,3147778],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3146751],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[3146815],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[3146845],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[3146954,3146909],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[3104176],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[3104216],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[3106015,3104260,3104368],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3104393],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[3104436],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":66,"address":[3104469],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[3104479],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[3104530],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[3104545],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[3104659,3106947,3106048],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[3106187,3106073],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[3106262],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[3106401,3106278],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":83,"address":[3106485],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[3106624,3106501],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[3106708],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[3106847,3106724],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[3106928],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[3104880,3105015,3105134,3104790],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[3105316,3105226,3105446],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[3105709],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":101,"address":[3105726],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[3106976,3107634,3105789],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[3107158,3107225,3107001],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[3107485,3107241,3107415],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[3107477,3107513],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[3107569,3107629],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[3107592,3107542],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":112,"address":[3107605],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":121,"address":[3105801],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":122,"address":[3105900],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":123,"address":[3105997,3105911],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":124,"address":[3105959],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":125,"address":[3105999,3105968],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":127,"address":[3105929],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":44},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_state.rs"],"content":"use std::ops::Range;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\n\npub struct GemmaEGuiState {\n    pub display_video: bool,\n    pub display_memory: bool,\n    pub display_registers: bool,\n    pub memory_view: Range\u003ci32\u003e,\n    pub computer: Chip8ComputerManager,\n    pub selected_rom_filename: String\n}\n\nimpl Default for GemmaEGuiState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            display_video: true,\n            display_memory: true,\n            display_registers: true,\n            memory_view: 0x00..0x200,\n            computer: Chip8ComputerManager::new(),\n            selected_rom_filename: String::new()\n        }\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[3128912,3129135],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[3128943],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[3128965],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":3},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_support.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::read_dir;\nuse std::path::PathBuf;\nuse egui::{Align, Color32, ComboBox, Pos2, TextBuffer};\nuse egui::Rect;\nuse egui::Vec2;\nuse egui::Ui;\nuse crate::Chip8Computer;\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: f32 = 5.0;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: f32 = 5.0;\n\npub struct EGuiFileList {}\nimpl EGuiFileList {\n    pub fn display_path(root: PathBuf, selected_filename: \u0026mut String, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let working_filename = selected_filename.clone();\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n           //  ui.label(format!(\"Displaying {}\", root.to_str().unwrap_or(\"Unable to Load Path\")));\n            ComboBox::from_label(\"Select ROM\")\n                .selected_text(selected_filename.clone())\n                .show_ui(ui, |ui| {\n\n                    let mut sorted_options = vec![];\n                    for option in read_dir(root.as_path()).unwrap() {\n                        let to_push = option.unwrap().file_name().into_string().unwrap_or( String::new());\n                        sorted_options.push(to_push);\n                    }\n\n                    sorted_options.sort();\n                    for item in sorted_options {\n                    // Add each option to the ComboBox\n                      if  ui.selectable_label(selected_filename.eq(\u0026item.as_str()), item.clone()).clicked()\n                        {\n                            *selected_filename = item;\n                        }\n                    }\n                });\n            // Display the selected option\n        });\n    }\n}\n\npub struct GemmaEguiSupport {}\n\nimpl GemmaEguiSupport {\n    pub fn controls_view(system: \u0026mut Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(Align::TOP), |ui| {\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_memory, \"Display Memory\");\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_video, \"Display Video\");\n         //   ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_registers, \"Display Registers\");\n        });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(format!(\"V0-7: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x00),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x01),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x02),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x03),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x04),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x05),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x06),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x07)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"V8-F: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x08),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x09),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0A),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0B),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0C),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0D),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0E),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0F)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"PC: {:04x}\\tI: {:04x}\", system.registers.peek_pc(), system.registers.peek_i()));\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let (_resp, painter) = ui.allocate_painter(Vec2::new(350.0, 165.0), egui::Sense::hover());\n        for current_row in 0..32 {\n            for current_col in 0..64 {\n                let data_offset = current_row * 64 + current_col;\n                let x_offset = current_col as f32 * CELL_WIDTH;\n                let y_offset = current_row as f32 * CELL_HEIGHT;\n                let origin = Pos2::new(x_offset, y_offset);\n                let colour = if system.video_memory.peek(data_offset) {\n                    Color32::RED\n                } else {\n                    Color32::WHITE\n                };\n                let rect = Rect::from_min_size(origin, Vec2::new(CELL_WIDTH, CELL_HEIGHT));\n                painter.rect_filled(rect, 0.0, colour);\n                // println!(\"Cell {current_col}x{current_row} at {}x{} -\u003e {}\",\n                //          origin.x, origin.y,\n                //          system.video_memory.peek(data_offset));\n            }\n        }\n    //    thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));\n    }\n\n    pub fn memory_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(\"Memory View\");\n\n        for i in (0..=0x200).step_by(16) {\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                for y in 0..16 {\n                    ui.label(format!(\"{:02x}\", system.memory.peek((i + y) as u16)).as_str());\n                }\n            });\n        }\n        ui.label(\"Should have **something** to adjust the 'memory window'\");\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[3110416,3110849],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":15,"address":[3110446],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":16,"address":[3110677],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":18,"address":[3133532,3133422,3133598],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[3133580,3133648,3133467],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[3133680,3135892,3133588,3135471],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3133716],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[3134103,3133773,3134275,3134242,3133877,3135843],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[3135870,3135502],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[3135768],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3134517],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3134741,3134551,3134791,3135447],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[3134831,3134941,3135434,3135142],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[3135253],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[3110880],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[3110999],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[3111120],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[3113928,3112768,3113464,3112280,3113000,3114772,3113696,3113232,3114392,3114160],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[3111168],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[3111305],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[3111445],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[3111585],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[3111725],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[3111865],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3112005],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[3112145],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[3117106,3115922,3118414,3117570,3116410,3116642,3118034,3116874,3117338,3117802],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":66,"address":[3114807],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[3114947],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[3115087],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[3115227],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[3115367],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":71,"address":[3115507],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[3115647],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[3115787],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[3119433,3118591,3118455,3118722,3119250,3119018],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[3120876,3119488],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[3119543],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[3119855,3119937,3120041],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[3120062,3120160],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[3120275,3120444],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":83,"address":[3120364],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":84,"address":[3120398],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[3120484],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[3120520,3120561],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[3120563],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[3120548],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[3120790],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":101,"address":[3120912],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[3120944],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[3120978,3121190],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[3121303],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[3135982,3136040],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[3136429,3136181,3136611,3136051],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[3121133],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":55},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","mod.rs"],"content":"pub mod gemma_egui_state;\npub mod gemma_egui_support;\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","gemmaimgui.rs"],"content":"use gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\nuse std::default::Default;\nuse std::time::Instant;\nuse support::{emmagui_support::GemmaImguiSupport, ui_state::ImGuiUiState};\n\nmod support;\n\n/// Keypad Mappings for my Linux box\n/// 1 2 3 C\n/// 4 5 6 D\n/// 7 8 9 E\n/// A 0 B F\n\nconst LIN_KEYS: [(u16, u8); 0x10] = [\n    (537, 0x01),\n    (538, 0x02),\n    (539, 0x03),\n    (540, 0x0c),\n    (562, 0x04),\n    (568, 0x05),\n    (550, 0x06),\n    (563, 0x0d),\n    (546, 7),\n    (564, 8),\n    (549, 9),\n    (551, 0xe),\n    (571, 0xa),\n    (569, 0),\n    (548, 0xb),\n    (567, 0xf),\n];\n\nfn main() {\n    pretty_env_logger::init();\n\n    let mut system = Chip8ComputerManager::default();\n    let mut ui_state = ImGuiUiState::default();\n\n    support::simple_init(file!(), move |_, ui| {\n        let current_time = Instant::now();\n        let mut num_cycles = 0;\n\n        // Key Checks\n        let down_keys = ui.io().keys_down;\n\n        // START DEBUG CODE TO DISPLAY WHAT KEYS WE TRAPPED\n        for (idx, val) in down_keys.iter().enumerate() {\n            if *val {\n                println!(\"{idx} = {val}\");\n            }\n        }\n        // END DEBUG CODE\n\n        for (key_code, key_reg) in LIN_KEYS {\n            if down_keys[key_code as usize] {\n                system.press_key(key_reg);\n                system.wait_for_instruction();\n            } else {\n                // do we need to release it?\n\n                if system.is_key_pressed(key_reg) {\n                    system.release_key(key_reg);\n                }\n            }\n        }\n\n        let target_ms = ui_state.frame_time;\n        let loop_start_time = Instant::now();\n        while Instant::now().duration_since(current_time).as_millis() \u003c target_ms as u128\n            \u0026\u0026 num_cycles \u003c ui_state.target_ips\n        {\n            if system.tick() {\n                num_cycles += 1;\n            }\n        }\n        let cycles_time = Instant::now().duration_since(loop_start_time);\n        if num_cycles \u003e 0 {\n            println!(\n                \"Ran for {}ms and executed {}/{} cycles.\",\n                cycles_time.as_millis(),\n                num_cycles,\n                ui_state.target_ips\n            );\n        }\n        // GUI Parts\n        if ui_state.show_video {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::video_display(system.state(), \u0026ui_state, ui);\n        }\n\n        GemmaImguiSupport::system_controls(\u0026mut system, \u0026mut ui_state, ui);\n\n        if ui_state.show_registers {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::registers_view(system.state(), ui);\n        }\n\n        if ui_state.show_memory {\n            let active_instruction = system.state().registers.peek_pc();\n            GemmaImguiSupport::hex_memory_display(\n                system.state().memory.clone(),\n                (0x100, 0x10),\n                active_instruction as i16,\n                ui,\n            );\n        }\n\n        if ui_state.show_keypad {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::keypad_display(system.state(), ui);\n        }\n    });\n}\n","traces":[{"line":20,"address":[3892308,3892032,3892337],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[3892069],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[3892086],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[3892116],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[3892164],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3995320],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3995355],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[3995363],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[3995394,3995629],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[3995661],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[3997394],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[3995555,3995691,3995880,3995748],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[3997001,3995914],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[3997076],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[3997136],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[3997094,3997049],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3997112],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[3995831],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[3995848],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[3996117,3995939],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[3996975,3996134],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[3996980,3996952],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[3996039],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3996103],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[3996424,3996184,3996520],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":66,"address":[3996158],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[3996710],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[3996674],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[3996694],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[3996764],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[3996748],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[3996806],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[3996846],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[3996790],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[3996931],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":35},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","support","emmagui_support.rs"],"content":"use gemma::constants::CHIP8_KEYBOARD;\nuse std::fs::File;\nuse std::io::Read;\nuse std::path::{Path, PathBuf};\nuse imgui::{CollapsingHeader, Condition, ImColor32, Ui};\nuse log::debug;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::ManagerDumpables::{Keyboard, Registers, Video};\nuse gemma::chip8::system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory;\nuse crate::ImGuiUiState;\nuse crate::support::gui_file_list::GuiFileList;\n\nconst ROM_ROOT: \u0026str = \"resources/roms\";\n\npub struct GemmaImguiSupport {}\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: i32 = 5i32;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: i32 = 5i32;\n\nimpl GemmaImguiSupport {\n    pub fn keypad_display(system_to_display: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        ui.window(\"Keypad\".to_string())\n            .position([100.0, 640.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                for row in CHIP8_KEYBOARD {\n                    for key in row {\n                        let label = if system_to_display.keypad.pressed(key) {\n                            format!(\"*{:1x}*\", key)\n                        } else {\n                            format!(\"{:1x}\", key)\n                        };\n                        ui.text(\u0026label);\n                        ui.same_line();\n                    }\n                    ui.text(\"\");\n                }\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_display(system_to_control: \u0026Chip8Computer, gui_state: \u0026ImGuiUiState, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        // draw area size\n        let (width, height) = system_to_control.video_memory.get_resolution();\n        let draw_area_size = ui.io().display_size;\n        //  println!(\"DRAW_AREA_SIZE = {}x{}\", draw_area_size[0], draw_area_size[1]);\n        let cell_width = ((draw_area_size[0] as i32 / width) * 6) / 10;\n        let cell_height = ((draw_area_size[1] as i32 / height) * 6) / 10;\n\n        let origin = ui.cursor_pos();\n        let fg = ui.get_foreground_draw_list();\n        if system_to_control.video_memory.is_highres() {\n            // ui.text(\"High Def Video here\");\n            for current_row in 0..=height {\n                let y_offset = origin[1] as i32 + (current_row * cell_height);\n                for current_column in 0..=width {\n                    let x_offset = origin[0] as i32 + (current_column * cell_width);\n                    let current_origin = [x_offset as f32, y_offset as f32];\n                    let current_limit = [(x_offset + cell_width) as f32, (y_offset + cell_height) as f32];\n                    let memory_offset = (current_row * width + current_column) as u16;\n                    let to_render = system_to_control.video_memory.peek(memory_offset);\n                    let color: ImColor32 = if to_render {\n                        gui_state.on_colour\n                    } else {\n                        gui_state.off_colour\n                    };\n                    fg.add_rect_filled_multicolor(current_origin, current_limit, color, color, color, color);\n                }\n            }\n        } else {\n            for current_row in 0..height {\n                let y_offset = origin[1] as i32 + (current_row * cell_height);\n                for current_column in 0..width {\n                    let x_offset = origin[0] as i32 + (current_column * cell_width);\n                    let current_origin = [x_offset as f32, y_offset as f32];\n                    let current_limit = [(x_offset + cell_width) as f32, (y_offset + cell_height) as f32];\n                    let memory_offset = (current_row * width + current_column) as u16;\n                    let to_render = system_to_control.video_memory.peek(memory_offset);\n                    let color: ImColor32 = if to_render {\n                        gui_state.on_colour\n                    } else {\n                        gui_state.off_colour\n                    };\n                    fg.add_rect_filled_multicolor(current_origin, current_limit, color, color, color, color);\n                }\n            }\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn system_controls(system_to_control: \u0026mut Chip8ComputerManager, gui_state: \u0026mut ImGuiUiState, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        // let mut state: Chip8Computer = system_to_control;\n        ui.window(\"!!!! CONTROLS !!!!\")\n            .position([100.0, 640.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                /* System Step Counter */\n                ui.text(format!(\"Step {:04x}\", system_to_control.num_cycles()).as_str());\n\n                /* ROM Lister */\n                if CollapsingHeader::new(\"Roms\").build(ui) {\n                    let new_filename = GuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(ROM_ROOT), \u0026gui_state.filename_to_load, ui);\n                    if !new_filename.is_empty() {\n                        if new_filename != gui_state.filename_to_load {\n                            debug!(\"NEW FILENAME SELECTED -\u003e {new_filename}\");\n                            gui_state.filename_to_load = new_filename;\n                        }\n                        if ui.button(\"Load Program\") {\n                            let mut buffer = Vec::new();\n                            debug!(\"PREPARING TO LOAD {}\", gui_state.filename_to_load);\n                            // let mut input_file = File::open(Path::new(\"./1-chip8-logo.ch8\")).expect(\"put 1-chip8-logo.ch8 in this directory\");\n                            let mut input_file = File::open(Path::new(\u0026(ROM_ROOT.to_string() + \"/\" + \u0026gui_state.filename_to_load))).expect(\"put 1-chip8-logo.ch8 in this directory\");\n                            input_file.read_to_end(\u0026mut buffer).expect(\"unable to read file\");\n                            system_to_control.load_new_program_to_system_memory((\u0026*buffer).into());\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n\n                if CollapsingHeader::new(\"Controls\").build(ui) {\n                    // if the system has no program loaded hide the buttons.\n                    let bytes: [u8; 2] = [\n                        system_to_control.state().memory.peek(0x200),\n                        system_to_control.state().memory.peek(0x201)\n                    ];\n                    let mut show_buttons = bytes[0] != 0 || bytes[1] == 0xe0;\n\n                    if show_buttons {\n                        if ui.button(\"Step\") {\n                            system_to_control.step();\n                        };\n                        ui.same_line();\n                        if ui.button(\"Run\") {\n                            system_to_control.start();\n                        }\n                    }\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    if ui.button(\"Stop\") {\n                        system_to_control.stop();\n                    }\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    if ui.button(\"Reset\") {\n                        system_to_control.reset();\n                    }\n                    if ui.button(\"Dump Video Memory\") {\n                        println!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Video));\n                    }\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    if ui.button(\"Dump Keypad State\") {\n                        debug!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Keyboard));\n                    }\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    if ui.button(\"Dump Registers\") {\n                        debug!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Registers));\n                    }\n                }\n\n                if CollapsingHeader::new(\"Options\").build(ui) {\n                    ui.checkbox(\"Show Memory\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_memory);\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    ui.checkbox(\"Show Video\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_video);\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    ui.checkbox(\"Show Registers\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_registers);\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    ui.checkbox(\"Show Keypad\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_keypad);\n                    ui.input_int(\"Target IPS\", \u0026mut gui_state.target_ips).build();\n                };\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        ui.window(\"Registers\")\n            .position([100.0, 640.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                ui.text(\"Registers\");\n                for i in 1..0x10 {\n                    ui.text(format!(\"V{:X}: {}\", i, system.registers.peek(i)));\n                    if i != 7 {\n                        ui.same_line();\n                    }\n                }\n                ui.text(\"\");\n                ui.text(format!(\"I: {:03X}\", system.registers.peek_i()));\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.text(format!(\"ST: {:02X}\", system.sound_timer.current()));\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.text(format!(\"DT: {:02X}\", system.delay_timer.current()));\n                ui.text(format!(\"PC: {:02X}\", system.registers.peek_pc()));\n                ui.text(format!(\"SP: {:02X}\", system.stack.depth()));\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn hex_memory_display(bytes: Chip8SystemMemory, position: (i32, i32), active: i16, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        let rows = position.0;\n        let cols = position.1;\n        ui.window(\"System Memory\")\n            .position([100.0, 640.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                let mut current_x_hover: i32 = 0;\n                let mut current_y_hover: i32 = 0;\n                // display a block of data\n                for current_row in 0..rows {\n                    ui.text(format!(\"{:02x}\", current_row * cols));\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    for current_column in 0..cols {\n                        let data_offset = current_row * cols + current_column;\n                        let formatted_text = format!(\"{:02x}\", bytes.peek(data_offset as u16));\n                        let text_location = ui.cursor_screen_pos();\n                        let text_size = ui.calc_text_size(formatted_text.clone());\n                        let bounding_box = imgui::sys::ImVec2 {\n                            x: text_location[0] + text_size[0],\n                            y: text_location[1] + text_size[1],\n                        };\n\n                        let hovering = ui.is_mouse_hovering_rect(text_location, [bounding_box.x, bounding_box.y]);\n                        let is_active = data_offset == active as i32;\n\n                        ui.text_colored(if hovering {\n                            [0., 1., 1., 1.]\n                        } else if is_active {\n                            [1., 0., 1., 1.]\n                        } else {\n                            [1., 1., 0., 1.]\n                        }, formatted_text.clone());\n\n                        // if we are hovering show that at the bottom...\n                        if hovering {\n                            // Optionally change the text color to indicate it's interactable\n                            current_x_hover = current_column;\n                            current_y_hover = current_row;\n\n                            // Check if the left mouse button is clicked while hovering over the text\n                            if ui.is_mouse_clicked(imgui::MouseButton::Left) {\n                                debug!(\"Offset: [{}] [0x{:02x}] Value: [{}]\", data_offset, data_offset, formatted_text.clone());\n                                // Perform any action here, e.g., call a function, trigger an event, etc.\n                            }\n                        }\n\n                        // are we on the same line?\n                        if current_column != (cols - 1) {\n                            ui.same_line();\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n                ui.text(format!(\"Offset 0x{:03x}\", current_x_hover * cols + current_y_hover));\n            });\n    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std::ffi::OsString;\nuse std::fs::read_dir;\nuse std::path::PathBuf;\nuse imgui::Ui;\nuse log::debug;\n\npub struct GuiFileList {}\n\nimpl GuiFileList {\n    pub fn display_path(root: PathBuf, selected_filename: \u0026String, ui: \u0026Ui) -\u003e String {\n        let mut working_filename = selected_filename.clone();\n        ui.text(format!(\"Displaying {}\", root.to_str().unwrap_or(\"Unable to parse path\")));\n\n        let mut known_files: Vec\u003cOsString\u003e = vec![];\n\n     //   println!(\"STARTING AT {:?}\", std::env::current_dir());\n        for entry in read_dir(root.as_path()).unwrap() {\n            known_files.push(entry.unwrap().file_name());\n        }\n\n        known_files.sort();\n\n        for (index, entry) in known_files.iter().enumerate() {\n            let mut working_select = ui.selectable_config(entry.clone().into_string().unwrap().to_string());\n            if *entry.to_str().unwrap() == *selected_filename.as_str() {\n                working_select = working_select.selected(true);\n            }\n            if working_select.build() {\n                debug!(\"SELECTED {index} / {entry:?}\");\n                working_filename = entry.clone().into_string().unwrap();\n            };\n        }\n        working_filename\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":10,"address":[3371104,3374937,3375076],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":11,"address":[3371178,3371265],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":12,"address":[3371350,3371273,3371707,3371570],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":14,"address":[3371722],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[3372320,3372291,3371737,3371888,3372132],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":18,"address":[3374946],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[3372568],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[3373928,3372622,3372932],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[3373041,3373289,3372964],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[3373654,3373465,3373905],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[3373787],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3373914,3373712,3374914],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3374322,3373933,3374053],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[3373985,3374527,3374756],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[3372886],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":15},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","support","mod.rs"],"content":"use glium::glutin::surface::WindowSurface;\nuse glium::{Display, Surface};\nuse imgui::{Context, FontConfig, FontGlyphRanges, FontSource, Ui};\nuse imgui_glium_renderer::Renderer;\nuse imgui_winit_support::winit::event::{Event, WindowEvent};\nuse imgui_winit_support::winit::event_loop::EventLoop;\nuse imgui_winit_support::winit::window::WindowBuilder;\nuse imgui_winit_support::{HiDpiMode, WinitPlatform};\nuse std::path::Path;\nuse std::time::Instant;\n\npub mod ui_state;\npub mod emmagui_support;\nmod gui_file_list;\n\nuse copypasta::{ClipboardContext, ClipboardProvider};\nuse imgui::ClipboardBackend;\n\npub struct ClipboardSupport(pub ClipboardContext);\n\npub fn clipboard_init() -\u003e Option\u003cClipboardSupport\u003e {\n    ClipboardContext::new().ok().map(ClipboardSupport)\n}\n\nimpl ClipboardBackend for ClipboardSupport {\n    fn get(\u0026mut self) -\u003e Option\u003cString\u003e {\n        self.0.get_contents().ok()\n    }\n    fn set(\u0026mut self, text: \u0026str) {\n        // ignore errors?\n        let _ = self.0.set_contents(text.to_owned());\n    }\n}\n\npub const FONT_SIZE: f32 = 13.0;\n\n#[allow(dead_code)] // annoyingly, RA yells that this is unusued\npub fn simple_init\u003cF: FnMut(\u0026mut bool, \u0026mut Ui) + 'static\u003e(title: \u0026str, run_ui: F) {\n    init_with_startup(title, |_, _, _| {}, run_ui);\n}\n\npub fn init_with_startup\u003cFInit, FUi\u003e(title: \u0026str, mut startup: FInit, mut run_ui: FUi)\nwhere\n    FInit: FnMut(\u0026mut Context, \u0026mut Renderer, \u0026Display\u003cWindowSurface\u003e) + 'static,\n    FUi: FnMut(\u0026mut bool, \u0026mut Ui) + 'static,\n{\n    let mut imgui = create_context();\n\n    let title = match Path::new(\u0026title).file_name() {\n        Some(file_name) =\u003e file_name.to_str().unwrap(),\n        None =\u003e title,\n    };\n    let event_loop = EventLoop::new().expect(\"Failed to create EventLoop\");\n\n    let builder = WindowBuilder::new()\n        .with_maximized(true)\n        .with_title(title);\n      //  .with_inner_size(LogicalSize::new(1024, 768));\n    let (window, display) = glium::backend::glutin::SimpleWindowBuilder::new()\n        .set_window_builder(builder)\n        .build(\u0026event_loop);\n    let mut renderer = Renderer::init(\u0026mut imgui, \u0026display).expect(\"Failed to initialize renderer\");\n\n    if let Some(backend) = clipboard_init() {\n        imgui.set_clipboard_backend(backend);\n    } else {\n        eprintln!(\"Failed to initialize clipboard\");\n    }\n\n    let mut platform = WinitPlatform::init(\u0026mut imgui);\n    {\n        let dpi_mode = if let Ok(factor) = std::env::var(\"IMGUI_EXAMPLE_FORCE_DPI_FACTOR\") {\n            // Allow forcing of HiDPI factor for debugging purposes\n            match factor.parse::\u003cf64\u003e() {\n                Ok(f) =\u003e HiDpiMode::Locked(f),\n                Err(e) =\u003e panic!(\"Invalid scaling factor: {}\", e),\n            }\n        } else {\n            HiDpiMode::Default\n        };\n\n        platform.attach_window(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, dpi_mode);\n    }\n\n    let mut last_frame = Instant::now();\n\n    startup(\u0026mut imgui, \u0026mut renderer, \u0026display);\n\n    event_loop\n        .run(move |event, window_target| match event {\n            Event::NewEvents(_) =\u003e {\n                let now = Instant::now();\n                imgui.io_mut().update_delta_time(now - last_frame);\n                last_frame = now;\n            }\n            Event::AboutToWait =\u003e {\n                platform\n                    .prepare_frame(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window)\n                    .expect(\"Failed to prepare frame\");\n                window.request_redraw();\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::RedrawRequested,\n                ..\n            } =\u003e {\n                let ui = imgui.frame();\n\n                let mut run = true;\n                run_ui(\u0026mut run, ui);\n                if !run {\n                    window_target.exit();\n                }\n\n                let mut target = display.draw();\n                target.clear_color_srgb(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);\n                platform.prepare_render(ui, \u0026window);\n                let draw_data = imgui.render();\n                renderer\n                    .render(\u0026mut target, draw_data)\n                    .expect(\"Rendering failed\");\n                target.finish().expect(\"Failed to swap buffers\");\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::Resized(new_size),\n                ..\n            } =\u003e {\n                if new_size.width \u003e 0 \u0026\u0026 new_size.height \u003e 0 {\n                    display.resize((new_size.width, new_size.height));\n                }\n                platform.handle_event(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, \u0026event);\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::CloseRequested,\n                ..\n            } =\u003e window_target.exit(),\n            event =\u003e {\n                platform.handle_event(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, \u0026event);\n            }\n        })\n        .expect(\"EventLoop error\");\n}\n\n/// Creates the imgui context\npub fn create_context() -\u003e imgui::Context {\n    let mut imgui = Context::create();\n    // Fixed font size. Note imgui_winit_support uses \"logical\n    // pixels\", which are physical pixels scaled by the devices\n    // scaling factor. Meaning, 13.0 pixels should look the same size\n    // on two different screens, and thus we do not need to scale this\n    // value (as the scaling is handled by winit)\n    imgui.fonts().add_font(\u0026[\n        FontSource::TtfData {\n            data: include_bytes!(\"../../../../resources/Roboto-Regular.ttf\"),\n            size_pixels: FONT_SIZE,\n            config: Some(FontConfig {\n                // As imgui-glium-renderer isn't gamma-correct with\n                // it's font rendering, we apply an arbitrary\n                // multiplier to make the font a bit \"heavier\". With\n                // default imgui-glow-renderer this is unnecessary.\n                rasterizer_multiply: 1.5,\n                // Oversampling font helps improve text rendering at\n                // expense of larger font atlas texture.\n                oversample_h: 4,\n                oversample_v: 4,\n                ..FontConfig::default()\n            }),\n        },\n        FontSource::TtfData {\n            data: include_bytes!(\"../../../../resources/mplus-1p-regular.ttf\"),\n            size_pixels: FONT_SIZE,\n            config: Some(FontConfig {\n                // Oversampling font helps improve text rendering at\n                // expense of larger font atlas texture.\n                oversample_h: 4,\n                oversample_v: 4,\n                // Range of glyphs to rasterize\n                glyph_ranges: FontGlyphRanges::japanese(),\n                ..FontConfig::default()\n            }),\n        },\n    ]);\n    imgui.set_ini_filename(None);\n\n    imgui\n}\n","traces":[{"line":21,"address":[3798464],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3798481],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[3798544],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3798563],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3798608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[3798631],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[3260790,3261773,3258704],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3259024,3258931],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[3259146,3259332],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[3259530,3259487],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3259806,3259854],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[3260532,3260712],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[3262300],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[3262415],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":97,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":100,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":109,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":114,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":115,"address":[3262787],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":117,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":118,"address":[3262957],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":120,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":121,"address":[3263021],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":123,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":124,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":125,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":126,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":127,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":128,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":130,"address":[3262654,3262550],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":132,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":133,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":134,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":136,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":137,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":144,"address":[3798688,3800236],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":145,"address":[3798705],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":151,"address":[3798729,3799830],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":152,"address":[3799128],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":155,"address":[3798805],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":165,"address":[3798786],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":168,"address":[3799696],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":171,"address":[3799381],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":177,"address":[3799262],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":178,"address":[3799347],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":182,"address":[3800175],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":184,"address":[3800208],"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std::time::Instant;\nuse imgui::ImColor32;\n\npub struct ImGuiUiState {\n    pub show_registers: bool,\n    pub show_memory: bool,\n    pub show_video: bool,\n    pub show_keypad: bool,\n    pub filename_to_load: String,\n    pub on_colour: ImColor32,\n    pub off_colour: ImColor32,\n    pub is_running: bool,\n    pub frame_time: u32,\n    pub last_frame_instant: Instant,\n    pub target_ips: i32\n}\n\nimpl Clone for ImGuiUiState {\n    fn clone(\u0026self) -\u003e Self {\n        ImGuiUiState {\n            show_registers: self.show_registers,\n            show_memory: self.show_memory,\n            show_video: self.show_video,\n            show_keypad: self.show_keypad,\n            filename_to_load: self.filename_to_load.to_string(),\n            on_colour: self.on_colour,\n            off_colour: self.off_colour,\n            is_running: self.is_running,\n            frame_time: self.frame_time,\n            last_frame_instant: self.last_frame_instant,\n            target_ips: self.target_ips\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for ImGuiUiState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        ImGuiUiState {\n            show_registers: false,\n            show_memory: false,\n            show_video: true,\n            show_keypad: true,\n            filename_to_load: String::new(),\n            on_colour: ImColor32::from_rgb(0xff, 0xff, 0x00),\n            off_colour: ImColor32::from_rgb(0x00, 0xff, 0xff),\n            is_running: false,\n            frame_time: 16,\n            last_frame_instant: Instant::now(),\n            target_ips: 200000\n        }\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":19,"address":[3276208],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[3276237],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3276241],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[3276245],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[3276249],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[3276252],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[3276276],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3276280],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3276284],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3276288],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[3276292],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[3276299],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[3276626,3276400],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[3276419],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[3276431],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[3276486],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[3276499],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":17},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","gemmasdl2.rs"],"content":"mod support;\nuse std::{sync::Arc, time::Instant};\nuse anyhow::Context;\nuse egui::TextBuffer;\nuse egui_glow::glow::{HasContext, COLOR_BUFFER_BIT};\nuse egui_sdl2_platform::sdl2;\nuse sdl2::event::{Event, WindowEvent};\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse support::timestep::TimeStep;\nuse crate::support::gemma_egui_support::GemmaEguiSupport;\n\nconst SCREEN_WIDTH: u32 = 800;\nconst SCREEN_HEIGHT: u32 = 480;\n\nasync fn run() -\u003e anyhow::Result\u003cString\u003e {\n    // Initialize SDL2 and video subsystem\n    let sdl = sdl2::init().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to create SDL context: {}\", e))?;\n    let mut video = sdl.video().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to initialize SDL video subsystem: {}\", e))?;\n\n    // Create SDL2 window and OpenGL context\n    let window = video.window(\"Window\", SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT)\n        .opengl()\n        .position_centered()\n        .build()?;\n    let _gl_context = window.gl_create_context().expect(\"Failed to create GL context\");\n\n    // Load OpenGL functions\n    let gl = unsafe {\n        egui_glow::painter::Context::from_loader_function(|name| {\n            video.gl_get_proc_address(name) as *const _\n        })\n    };\n    let mut painter = egui_glow::Painter::new(Arc::new(gl), \"\", None)?;\n\n    // Setup Egui and SDL2 platform\n    let mut platform = egui_sdl2_platform::Platform::new(window.size())?;\n    let mut event_pump = sdl.event_pump().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to get SDL event pump: {}\", e))?;\n\n    // Initial settings\n    let color = [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]; // Background color\n    let start_time = Instant::now();\n    let mut timestep = TimeStep::new();\n\n    let mut computer = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let mut is_running: bool = false;\n    computer.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026std::fs::read(\"resources/roms/3-corax+.ch8\")?);\n\n    // Main loop\n    'main: loop {\n        // Update the Egui platform with the current time\n        platform.update_time(start_time.elapsed().as_secs_f64());\n\n        // Begin Egui frame\n        let ctx = platform.context();\n\n        if is_running {\n            computer.step_system();\n        }\n\n        egui::Window::new(\"Hello, world!\").show(\u0026ctx, |ui| {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::video_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n            GemmaEguiSupport::memory_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n            GemmaEguiSupport::registers_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n        });\n\n        // Process Egui frame\n        let full_output = platform.end_frame(\u0026mut video)?;\n        let paint_jobs = platform.tessellate(\u0026full_output);\n\n        // Clear the screen with the current color\n        unsafe {\n            painter.gl().clear_color(color[0], color[1], color[2], 1.0);\n            painter.gl().clear(COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);\n        }\n\n        // Paint Egui outputs and update textures\n        let size = window.size();\n        painter.paint_and_update_textures([size.0, size.1], 1.0, paint_jobs.as_slice(), \u0026full_output.textures_delta);\n        window.gl_swap_window();\n\n        // Run the timestep logic\n        timestep.run_this(|_| {});\n\n        // Handle SDL2 events\n        for event in event_pump.poll_iter() {\n            match event {\n                Event::Quit { .. }\n                | Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::Escape), .. } =\u003e break 'main,\n                Event::Window { window_id, win_event, .. } if window_id == window.id() =\u003e {\n                    if let WindowEvent::Close = win_event {\n                        break 'main;\n                    }\n                }\n                Event::KeyUp { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F3), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F3 -\u003e running\");\n                    is_running = true;\n                }\n                Event::KeyUp { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F4), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F4 -\u003e stopping\");\n                    is_running = false;\n                }\n                Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F5), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F5 -\u003e Step\");\n                    computer.step_system();\n                }\n                Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F6), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F6 -\u003e RESET\");\n                    computer.reset();\n                }\n                Event::ControllerButtonDown { which, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"PLAYER {which} DOWN\");\n                }\n                Event::ControllerButtonDown { button, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"BUTTON {:?}\", button);\n                }\n                Event::JoyButtonDown {button_idx, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"JoyButtonDown {}\", button_idx);\n                }\n                Event::JoyAxisMotion { which, axis_idx, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"JoyAxismotion {which} {axis_idx}\");\n                }\n                _ =\u003e platform.handle_event(\u0026event, \u0026sdl, \u0026video),\n            }\n        }\n\n        // Optionally log the frame rate\n        if let Some(fps) = timestep.frame_rate() {\n            println!(\"{:?} fps\", fps);\n        }\n\n        let num_js = sdl.joystick().unwrap().num_joysticks().unwrap();\n        println!(\"NUM JS = {num_js}\");\n    }\n\n    Ok((\"\").parse()?)\n}\n\nfn main() -\u003e anyhow::Result\u003c()\u003e {\n    pollster::block_on(run())?;\n    Ok(())\n}\n","traces":[{"line":15,"address":[681264],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[688166,695362,688355,695637,695513,695408,688249],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":18,"address":[688611,695817,695941,695712,688348,695360,688456],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[688560,688951,688696,688772],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[689028],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[689129,696016],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[696034],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[695279,689188,689433],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[695258,689400,689556,689735],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[696277,690010,689728,695237,696153,689836,696048],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":40,"address":[689940],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[689984,690110],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[690133],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[690140],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[690159],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":46,"address":[690167,690254,695197],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[690496],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[690612],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[690655],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[690755,690692],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[690789,690665,696352],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[696370],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[696384],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[696398],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[690811,691039],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[691012],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[691124,691232],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[691325],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[691391],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[691440],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[691548],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[696427,691575,696416],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[691582,691685],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[693597,691733,694654,693007],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[692938,693504],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[693556],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[694769],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":95,"address":[694690,694742],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[694761],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[694801],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[694774,694716],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":100,"address":[694793],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[694606],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[693648,694568],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[694587],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[694649],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[693677,694611],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[694630],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[693323],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[695080],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[693194],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":117,"address":[695006],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[693051],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":120,"address":[694916],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":122,"address":[692870,695154],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":127,"address":[691678,691793],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":128,"address":[691973],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":131,"address":[692283,692596,691966],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":132,"address":[692732],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[693780,693847],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":138,"address":[681280],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":139,"address":[681456,681287],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":140,"address":[681445],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":63},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_support.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::read_dir;\nuse std::path::PathBuf;\nuse egui::{Align, Color32, ComboBox, Pos2, TextBuffer};\nuse egui::Rect;\nuse egui::Vec2;\nuse egui::Ui;\nuse crate::Chip8Computer;\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: f32 = 5.0;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: f32 = 5.0;\n\npub struct EGuiFileList {}\nimpl EGuiFileList {\n    pub fn display_path(root: PathBuf, selected_filename: \u0026mut String, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let working_filename = selected_filename.clone();\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n           //  ui.label(format!(\"Displaying {}\", root.to_str().unwrap_or(\"Unable to Load Path\")));\n            ComboBox::from_label(\"Select ROM\")\n                .selected_text(selected_filename.clone())\n                .show_ui(ui, |ui| {\n\n                    let mut sorted_options = vec![];\n                    for option in read_dir(root.as_path()).unwrap() {\n                        let to_push = option.unwrap().file_name().into_string().unwrap_or( String::new());\n                        sorted_options.push(to_push);\n                    }\n\n                    sorted_options.sort();\n                    for item in sorted_options {\n                    // Add each option to the ComboBox\n                      if  ui.selectable_label(selected_filename.eq(\u0026item.as_str()), item.clone()).clicked()\n                        {\n                            *selected_filename = item;\n                        }\n                    }\n                });\n            // Display the selected option\n        });\n    }\n}\n\npub struct GemmaEguiSupport {}\n\nimpl GemmaEguiSupport {\n    pub fn controls_view(system: \u0026mut Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n         ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n             if ui.button(\"Start\").clicked() {\n                 println!(\"Start\");\n          //       state.is_running = true;\n             }\n             if ui.button(\"Step\").clicked() {\n                 system.step_system();\n             }\n\n             if ui.button(\"Stop\").clicked() {\n                 println!(\"STOP\");\n            //     state.is_running = false;\n             }\n             if ui.button(\"Reset\").clicked() {\n                 system.reset();\n              //   state.is_running = false;\n             }\n         });\n\n     //       if ui.button(format!(\"Load {}\", state.selected_rom_filename)).clicked() {\n                // load the bin...\n       //         let read_bin = std::fs::read(PathBuf::from(format!(\"resources/roms/{}\", state.selected_rom_filename))).unwrap();\n                // ...then feed the system.\n       //         system.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026read_bin);\n       //         println!(\"Loaded {}\", state.selected_rom_filename);\n       //     }\n       //      EGuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(\"resources/roms\"), \u0026mut state.selected_rom_filename, ui);\n\n\n\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(Align::TOP), |ui| {\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_memory, \"Display Memory\");\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_video, \"Display Video\");\n         //   ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_registers, \"Display Registers\");\n        });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(format!(\"V0-7: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x00),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x01),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x02),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x03),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x04),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x05),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x06),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x07)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"V8-F: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x08),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x09),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0A),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0B),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0C),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0D),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0E),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0F)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"PC: {:04x}\\tI: {:04x}\", system.registers.peek_pc(), system.registers.peek_i()));\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let (_resp, painter) = ui.allocate_painter(Vec2::new(350.0, 165.0), egui::Sense::hover());\n        for current_row in 0..32 {\n            for current_col in 0..64 {\n                let data_offset = current_row * 64 + current_col;\n                let x_offset = current_col as f32 * CELL_WIDTH;\n                let y_offset = current_row as f32 * CELL_HEIGHT;\n                let origin = Pos2::new(x_offset, y_offset);\n                let colour = if system.video_memory.peek(data_offset) {\n                    Color32::RED\n                } else {\n                    Color32::WHITE\n                };\n                let rect = Rect::from_min_size(origin, Vec2::new(CELL_WIDTH, CELL_HEIGHT));\n                painter.rect_filled(rect, 0.0, colour);\n                // println!(\"Cell {current_col}x{current_row} at {}x{} -\u003e {}\",\n                //          origin.x, origin.y,\n                //          system.video_memory.peek(data_offset));\n            }\n        }\n    //    thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));\n    }\n\n    pub fn memory_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(\"Memory View\");\n\n        for i in (0..=0x200).step_by(16) {\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                for y in 0..16 {\n                    ui.label(format!(\"{:02x}\", system.memory.peek((i + y) as u16)).as_str());\n                }\n            });\n        }\n        ui.label(\"Should have **something** to adjust the 'memory window'\");\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[731024,731455],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":15,"address":[731054],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":16,"address":[731283],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":18,"address":[753917,754027,754092],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[754074,754142,753962],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[754082,756364,755959,754176],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[754212],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[754763,754599,754734,754269,756319,754373],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[756354,755990],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[756248],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[755005],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[755279,755039,755229,755935],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[755922,755319,755429,755630],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[755741],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[731488],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":46,"address":[731618],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[756536,756425],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[756611],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[756651,756774],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[756858],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[756997,756874],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[757081],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[757244,757121],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[757325],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[731833],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":83,"address":[731968],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":84,"address":[734080,734312,734544,733128,733848,734776,735617,735008,733616,735240],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[732016],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[732153],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[732293],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":88,"address":[732433],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[732573],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[732713],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[732853],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[732993],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[737484,739256,736764,737716,737948,738412,738644,737252,738876,738180],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":95,"address":[735649],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[735789],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":97,"address":[735929],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[736069],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[736209],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":101,"address":[736489],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[736629],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[739564,739297,739860,739433,740092,740275],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[740320,741692],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[740375],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":109,"address":[740857,740671,740753],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[740976,740878],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[741260,741091],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":112,"address":[741180],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":113,"address":[741214],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":114,"address":[741300],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":115,"address":[741336,741377],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[741379],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":118,"address":[741364],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":121,"address":[741606],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":130,"address":[741728],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":131,"address":[741761],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":133,"address":[742008,741795],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":134,"address":[742121],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[757480,757422],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":136,"address":[757869,757491,758051,757621],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":140,"address":[741950],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":63},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","mod.rs"],"content":"pub mod timestep;\npub mod gemma_egui_support;\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","timestep.rs"],"content":"\n//! Gameplay speed control. It attempts to mimic/limit progression to\n//! the 30 tics per second Doom used.\n\nuse std::{fmt, time::Instant};\n\nconst MS_PER_UPDATE: f32 = 28.57;\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\npub struct TimeStep {\n    last_time: Instant,\n    delta_time: f32,\n    frame_count: u32,\n    frame_time: f32,\n    run_tics: u32,\n    last_tics: u32,\n    lag: f32,\n}\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\npub struct FrameData {\n    pub tics: u32,\n    pub frames: u32,\n}\n\nimpl fmt::Display for FrameData {\n    fn fmt(\u0026self, f: \u0026mut fmt::Formatter\u003c'_\u003e) -\u003e fmt::Result {\n        f.write_fmt(format_args!(\n            \"FrameData (per-second):\\n  - tics: {}\\n  -  fps: {}\",\n            self.tics, self.frames\n        ))\n    }\n}\n\nimpl TimeStep {\n    pub fn new() -\u003e TimeStep {\n        TimeStep {\n            last_time: Instant::now(),\n            delta_time: 0.0,\n            frame_count: 0,\n            frame_time: 0.0,\n            run_tics: 0,\n            last_tics: 0,\n            lag: 0.0,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn delta(\u0026mut self) -\u003e f32 {\n        let current_time = Instant::now();\n        let delta = current_time.duration_since(self.last_time).as_micros() as f32 * 0.001;\n        self.last_time = current_time;\n        self.delta_time = delta;\n        delta\n    }\n\n    /// Increments self time and returns current lag. `run_this` is run only for\n    /// `n` tics available.\n    pub fn run_this(\u0026mut self, mut run_this: impl FnMut(f32)) {\n        let dt = self.delta();\n        self.lag += dt;\n        while self.lag \u003e= MS_PER_UPDATE {\n            run_this(dt);\n            self.lag -= MS_PER_UPDATE;\n            self.run_tics += 1;\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn frame_rate(\u0026mut self) -\u003e Option\u003cFrameData\u003e {\n        self.frame_count += 1;\n        self.frame_time += self.delta_time;\n        let tmp;\n        let tmp2;\n        // per second\n        if self.frame_time \u003e= 1000.0 {\n            tmp = self.frame_count;\n            tmp2 = self.last_tics;\n            self.frame_count = 0;\n            self.frame_time = 0.0;\n            self.last_tics = self.run_tics;\n            return Some(FrameData {\n                tics: self.run_tics - tmp2,\n                frames: tmp,\n            });\n        }\n\n        None\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for TimeStep {\n    // shutup clippy!\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self::new()\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":27,"address":[773936],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[774124,774040],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[774224],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[774238],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[774320],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[774333],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[774355],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[774431],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[774446],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[774464],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[774550,774488],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[774515],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[774530],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[774584],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[774594],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[774601],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[774608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[774616],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[774661],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[774675,774622],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[774571],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[774704],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[774712],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":30},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmatelnet","src","bin","gemmatelnetd.rs"],"content":"fn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n}","traces":[{"line":1,"address":[116144,116192],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":2,"address":[116148],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":1,"coverable":2},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","bin2hex.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::File;\nuse std::io;\nuse std::io::{BufReader, Read};\nuse clap::{Arg, Command};\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\nstruct CliArgs {\n    input: String,\n}\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft!\");\n    // Set up the command line arguments\n    let matches = Command::new(\"my_program\")\n        .about(\"Processes an input file and outputs it with a specified bit width\")\n        .arg(\n            Arg::new(\"input\")\n                .help(\"The input file to process\")\n                .required(true)\n                .index(1),\n        )\n\n        .get_matches();\n\n    // Parse the command-line arguments\n    let args = CliArgs {\n        input: matches.get_one::\u003cString\u003e(\"input\").unwrap().to_string(),\n    };\n\n    // Use the parsed arguments\n    println!(\"Input file: {}\", args.input);\n\n    // behave like a shift register and load each character from the file 1 by 1.\n    let results = read_file_to_bools(\u0026args.input);\n    for result in results.unwrap().bytes() {\n        print!(\"0x{:02x}, \", result.unwrap());\n    }\n}\nfn read_file_to_bools(file_path: \u0026str) -\u003e io::Result\u003cVec\u003cu8\u003e\u003e {\n    // Open the file\n    let file = File::open(file_path)?;\n    let mut reader = BufReader::new(file);\n\n    let mut bytes = Vec::new();\n    reader.read_to_end(\u0026mut bytes)?;\n\n    let mut output = Vec::new();\n    let mut current_byte = 0u8;\n    let mut bit_index = 0;\n\n    for \u0026byte in \u0026bytes {\n        // Convert ASCII character '1' or '0' to boolean, skip any other characters\n        let bit = match byte {\n            b'1' =\u003e true,\n            b'0' =\u003e false,\n            _ =\u003e continue,  // Skip non-'1' or '0' characters\n        };\n\n        // Set the appropriate bit in the current byte\n        if bit {\n            current_byte |= 1 \u003c\u003c (7 - bit_index);  // Set the bit at the correct position\n        }\n\n        bit_index += 1;\n\n        // Once we have filled 8 bits, push the byte and reset\n        if bit_index == 8 {\n            output.push(current_byte);\n            current_byte = 0;\n            bit_index = 0;\n        }\n    }\n\n    // If there are remaining bits, push the last byte (it will be partially filled)\n    if bit_index \u003e 0 {\n        output.push(current_byte);\n    }\n\n\n\n    Ok(output)\n}\n\n","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[253074,250928],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":12,"address":[250950],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":14,"address":[251007,251256,251331],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[251089,251161],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[251513,251344],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[251740],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[251817],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[252189,252329,252086],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[252584,252965,252701],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[253120,254208,254264],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[253153,253251],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[253219],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[253330],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[253552,253458,253390],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[253540],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[253585],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[253593],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[253777,253612,253683],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[253798],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[253966],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[253976],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[253984,254093],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[254095,254014],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[253994,254117,254139],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[254124,254203],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[254157],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[254184],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[254192],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[253765],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[253901],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[253827],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":31},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","ch8asm.rs"],"content":"use std::fs;\n// Ch8Asm\n// Converts well formed CH8ASM.\n// no variables.\n// no labels.\n// nothing fun.\nuse pest::Parser;\nuse pest_derive::Parser;\n\n#[derive(Parser)]\n#[grammar = \"chip8_asm.pest\"]\npub struct Chip8AsmParser;\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n\n    let unparsed = fs::read_to_string(\"resources/test/gemma_disassembler_1_chip_logo_ch8_asm.asc\").expect(\"Unable to read input\");\n\n    let file = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::file, \u0026unparsed).expect(\"Unable to parse.  Try again.\")\n        .next().unwrap();\n\n    for record in file.into_inner() {\n        match record.as_rule() {\n            Rule::instruction =\u003e {\n                println!(\"INSTRUCTION = {:?}\", record.into_inner().flatten())\n            }\n            _ =\u003e {\n                println!(\"UNHANDLED PART.\");\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}\n\n#[cfg(test)]\nmod test {\n    use pest::Parser;\n    use crate::{Chip8AsmParser, Rule};\n\n    #[test]\n    fn bits_all_parse() {\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::instruction, \"CLS\")\n        );\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::parameter, \"0x01\")\n        );\n        let parsed = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::comment, \"; comment\").unwrap();\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"PARSED COMMENT -\u003e {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        let parsed =\n            Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"CLS ; comment\").unwrap();\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"RULE PAIR THING: {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        let parsed = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADDI 0x01 ; comment\");\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"RULE PAIR THING: {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD ADD ADD\")\n        );\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD 0x01 0x02 ; Comment\")\n        );\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD 0x01 0x02 ; Comment\")\n        );\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[201921,201827,200576],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":15,"address":[200583],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[200639],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[200710,200786],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[201045,201236,201865,201280],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[201344,201427],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[201572,201448,201699],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[201527,201836],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":8},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","ch8disasm.rs"],"content":"use std::path::Path;\nuse clap::{command, Parser};\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION;\nuse gemma::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode::Chip8;\n\n/// ch8disasm\n///\n/// Provide disassembled version of the CH8 file provided.\n#[derive(Parser)]\n#[command(version, about, long_about = None)]\nstruct DisassemblerApp {\n    #[arg(short)]\n    input_file: Box\u003cPath\u003e,\n    #[arg(short)]\n    output_file: Option\u003cBox\u003cPath\u003e\u003e,\n}\n\nstruct Disassembler {}\nimpl Disassembler {\n    pub fn disassemble(from_data: Vec\u003cu8\u003e) -\u003e String {\n        let mut working_instruction: u16 = 0x0000;\n\n        // read the input data and loop through it byte by byte.\n        let mut output_string = String::new();\n\n        for (offset, byte) in from_data.iter().enumerate() {\n            working_instruction = (working_instruction \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16);\n            if offset % 2 != 0 {\n                let decoded = Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(working_instruction, \u0026Chip8);\n                let decoded_string = decoded.to_string();\n                let mut current_parts = String::new();\n\n                match decoded {\n                    XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e {\n                        current_parts = format!(\"DW 0x{:04x}\", working_instruction);\n                    }\n                    _ =\u003e {\n                        current_parts = format!(\"{}\", decoded);\n                    }\n                };\n\n                let target_length: i32 = 25;\n                let spacing_length = target_length.saturating_sub(current_parts.len() as i32);\n\n                // now add the rest after the string\n                let x = spacing_length as usize;\n                current_parts = format!(\"{}{:\u003cx$}; Bytes [0x{:04x}] offset [0x{:04x}]\\n\", current_parts, \" \", working_instruction, offset -1);\n                //   println!(\"SHOULD OUTPUT: [{current_parts}]\");\n                output_string = output_string.to_string() + \u0026*current_parts.to_string();\n\n                working_instruction = 0x0000;\n            }\n        }\n\n        output_string\n    }\n}\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n    let result = DisassemblerApp::parse();\n    println!(\"PREPARING TO DISASSEMBLE {:?}\", result.input_file.file_name());\n\n\n    let source_file = result.input_file.to_str().unwrap();\n    let decompiled_program = Disassembler::disassemble(\n        std::fs::read(source_file).unwrap()\n    );\n\n\n    match result.output_file {\n        None =\u003e {\n            println!(\"Output to console.\");\n            println!(\"OS: \\n\\n{}\", decompiled_program);\n        }\n        Some(target) =\u003e {\n            println!(\"Output to {:?}\", target);\n            std::fs::write(target, decompiled_program).unwrap();\n        }\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":21,"address":[371680,367264],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[367306],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[367332],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[367463,367391,367745],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[367787],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[367833],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[367847],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[367918],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[367933],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[367984],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[368536,368272,368690],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[369118],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[368855,368976],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[367295],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[369196,369128,368840],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[369203],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[370396,369545,371107,370628,369688,370860,370164,369784],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[371249,371639],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[371588],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[367688],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[371712,373575,373505],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[371719],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[371783],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[371911,371804,372037],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":66,"address":[372258,372106],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[372282],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[372547],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[372576,372809],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[372938],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[372605],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[373089],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[373158],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":32},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","tests","assmber_tests.rs"],"content":"","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0}]};
     </script>
     <script crossorigin>/** @license React v16.13.1
  * react.production.min.js
diff --git a/gemma/Cargo.toml b/gemma/Cargo.toml
index d2b9f4b..c9ac8c0 100644
--- a/gemma/Cargo.toml
+++ b/gemma/Cargo.toml
@@ -6,8 +6,13 @@ autobenches = true
 
 [dependencies]
 pretty_env_logger.workspace = true
-rand.workspace =  true
+rand.workspace = true
 log.workspace = true
 # beep = "0.3.0"
 chrono.workspace = true
 dimensioned.workspace = true
+serde.workspace = true
+serde_json.workspace = true
+flate2 = "1.0"
+clap = { version = "4.5.20", features = ["derive"] }
+hex = "0.4.3"
diff --git a/gemma/src/bin/stringcomp.rs b/gemma/src/bin/stringcomp.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b235bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gemma/src/bin/stringcomp.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+use clap::{Parser, Subcommand};
+use flate2::{write::{GzEncoder, GzDecoder}, Compression};
+use std::io::prelude::*;
+use std::io::{self, Write};
+
+#[derive(Parser)]
+#[command(author, version, about = "Compress or decompress a string", long_about = None)]
+struct Cli {
+    /// Subcommand: either 'compress' or 'decompress'
+    #[command(subcommand)]
+    command: Commands,
+}
+
+#[derive(Subcommand)]
+enum Commands {
+    /// Compress the input string
+    Compress {
+        /// The string to compress
+        input: String,
+    },
+    /// Decompress the input string (must be compressed format)
+    Decompress {
+        /// The compressed string to decompress, in hex format
+        input: String,
+    },
+}
+
+fn compress_string(input: &str) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let mut encoder = GzEncoder::new(Vec::new(), Compression::default());
+    encoder.write_all(input.as_bytes()).expect("Compression failed");
+    encoder.finish().expect("Failed to finish compression")
+}
+
+fn decompress_string(input: &[u8]) -> String {
+    let mut decoder = GzDecoder::new(Vec::new());
+    decoder.write_all(input).expect("Decompression failed");
+    let decompressed_data = decoder.finish().expect("Failed to finish decompression");
+    String::from_utf8(decompressed_data).expect("Invalid UTF-8")
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    let cli = Cli::parse();
+
+    match cli.command {
+        Commands::Compress { input } => {
+            let compressed = compress_string(&input);
+            // Convert to hex format for easier readability in the terminal
+            println!("Compressed (hex): {:?} / from {}b to {}b", hex::encode(compressed.clone()), input.len(), compressed.len());
+        }
+        Commands::Decompress { input } => {
+            // Decode hex string back to bytes
+            let compressed_bytes = hex::decode(input).expect("Invalid hex input");
+            let decompressed = decompress_string(&compressed_bytes);
+            println!("Decompressed: {}", decompressed);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/gemma/src/chip8/computer.rs b/gemma/src/chip8/computer.rs
index 2a293c6..efbf636 100644
--- a/gemma/src/chip8/computer.rs
+++ b/gemma/src/chip8/computer.rs
@@ -1,16 +1,18 @@
-use log::{debug};
 use crate::chip8::delay_timer::DelayTimer;
 use crate::chip8::keypad::Keypad;
 use crate::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode;
 use crate::chip8::registers::Chip8Registers;
 use crate::chip8::sound_timer::SoundTimer;
 use crate::chip8::stack::Chip8Stack;
+use log::debug;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
 use super::{
-    cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates, instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions, system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory, video::Chip8Video,
+    cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates, instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions,
+    system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory, video::Chip8Video,
 };
 
-#[derive(Clone)]
+#[derive(Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct Chip8Computer {
     pub num_cycles: i32,
     pub memory: Chip8SystemMemory,
@@ -21,7 +23,7 @@ pub struct Chip8Computer {
     pub state: Chip8CpuStates,
     pub keypad: Keypad,
     pub stack: Chip8Stack,
-    pub quirk_mode: QuirkMode
+    pub quirk_mode: QuirkMode,
 }
 impl Default for Chip8Computer {
     fn default() -> Self {
@@ -35,7 +37,7 @@ impl Default for Chip8Computer {
             state: Chip8CpuStates::default(),
             keypad: Keypad::default(),
             stack: Chip8Stack::default(),
-            quirk_mode: QuirkMode::default()
+            quirk_mode: QuirkMode::default(),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -95,13 +97,12 @@ impl Chip8Computer {
         // read the next instruction
         let local_memory = &self.memory;
 
-    //    let mut working_instruction: u16 = 0b0000000000000000;
+        //    let mut working_instruction: u16 = 0b0000000000000000;
         let start_pc = self.registers.peek_pc();
         let high_byte = (local_memory.peek(start_pc) as u16).rotate_left(8);
         let low_byte = local_memory.peek(start_pc + 1) as u16;
         let result = high_byte | low_byte;
-        let decoded_instruction =
-            Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(result, &self.quirk_mode);
+        let decoded_instruction = Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(result, &self.quirk_mode);
         // todo: THIS IS BAD AND IS A SIDE EFFECT
         decoded_instruction.execute(self);
 
diff --git a/gemma/src/chip8/cpu_states.rs b/gemma/src/chip8/cpu_states.rs
index ad0b11e..f080126 100644
--- a/gemma/src/chip8/cpu_states.rs
+++ b/gemma/src/chip8/cpu_states.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Default)]
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub enum Chip8CpuStates {
     #[default]
     WaitingForInstruction,
@@ -6,4 +8,3 @@ pub enum Chip8CpuStates {
     ExecutingInstruction,
     Error,
 }
-
diff --git a/gemma/src/chip8/delay_timer.rs b/gemma/src/chip8/delay_timer.rs
index 5d64393..a36e195 100644
--- a/gemma/src/chip8/delay_timer.rs
+++ b/gemma/src/chip8/delay_timer.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
-#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct DelayTimer {
-    counter: u8
+    counter: u8,
 }
 
 impl Default for DelayTimer {
@@ -15,9 +17,7 @@ impl DelayTimer {
     }
 
     pub fn new() -> Self {
-        DelayTimer {
-            counter: 0xff
-        }
+        DelayTimer { counter: 0xff }
     }
 
     pub fn reset(&mut self) {
diff --git a/gemma/src/chip8/instructions.rs b/gemma/src/chip8/instructions.rs
index d86c705..ab624ea 100644
--- a/gemma/src/chip8/instructions.rs
+++ b/gemma/src/chip8/instructions.rs
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ use crate::chip8::util::InstructionUtil;
 use crate::constants::*;
 use log::debug;
 use rand::Rng;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use std::fmt::{Debug, Display, Formatter};
 use std::ops::BitAnd;
 use std::time::Instant;
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ y - A 4-bit value, the upper 4 bits of the low byte of the instruction
 kk or byte - An 8-bit value, the lowest 8 bits of the instruction
  */
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub enum Chip8CpuInstructions {
     /// 0nnn
     /// Exit to System Call at nnn
diff --git a/gemma/src/chip8/keypad.rs b/gemma/src/chip8/keypad.rs
index 222ea0a..4379043 100644
--- a/gemma/src/chip8/keypad.rs
+++ b/gemma/src/chip8/keypad.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
 use crate::constants::CHIP8_KEYBOARD;
 
-#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
-#[derive(Default)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct Keypad {
     keys: [bool; 0x10],
 }
@@ -20,7 +21,6 @@ impl Keypad {
 
                 if index == 3 {
                     return_value += format!("|{}|\n", is_lit).as_str();
-
                 } else {
                     return_value += format!("|{}", is_lit).as_str();
                 }
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ impl Keypad {
     }
 }
 
-
 impl Keypad {
     pub fn push_key(&mut self, key_index: u8) {
         self.keys[key_index as usize] = true;
diff --git a/gemma/src/chip8/quirk_modes.rs b/gemma/src/chip8/quirk_modes.rs
index 68db5e0..d00faec 100644
--- a/gemma/src/chip8/quirk_modes.rs
+++ b/gemma/src/chip8/quirk_modes.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
-#[derive(Default, Clone)]
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+#[derive(Default, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub enum QuirkMode {
     #[default]
     Chip8,
     XOChip,
-    SChipModern
+    SChipModern,
 }
diff --git a/gemma/src/chip8/registers.rs b/gemma/src/chip8/registers.rs
index e964bb1..1795728 100644
--- a/gemma/src/chip8/registers.rs
+++ b/gemma/src/chip8/registers.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
 /// Registers.  numbered 1-16 publicly.
 /// Privately using zero base array so -1 to shift from pub to priv.
-#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct Chip8Registers {
     pub registers: [u8; 16],
     pub i_register: u16,
diff --git a/gemma/src/chip8/sound_timer.rs b/gemma/src/chip8/sound_timer.rs
index d4c7453..2dd1fda 100644
--- a/gemma/src/chip8/sound_timer.rs
+++ b/gemma/src/chip8/sound_timer.rs
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 use log::trace;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
-#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct SoundTimer {
-    counter: i32
+    counter: i32,
 }
 
 impl Default for SoundTimer {
@@ -16,9 +17,7 @@ impl SoundTimer {
         self.counter
     }
     pub fn new() -> Self {
-        SoundTimer {
-            counter: 0
-        }
+        SoundTimer { counter: 0 }
     }
     pub fn set_timer(&mut self, new_value: i32) {
         trace!("SETTING SOUND TIMER TO {new_value}");
@@ -26,7 +25,11 @@ impl SoundTimer {
     }
 
     pub fn tick(&mut self) {
-        trace!("TICKING SOUND FROM {} to {}", self.counter, self.counter - 1);
+        trace!(
+            "TICKING SOUND FROM {} to {}",
+            self.counter,
+            self.counter - 1
+        );
         if self.counter > 0 {
             self.counter -= 1;
             /*
diff --git a/gemma/src/chip8/stack.rs b/gemma/src/chip8/stack.rs
index 0f5abb9..16adcb5 100644
--- a/gemma/src/chip8/stack.rs
+++ b/gemma/src/chip8/stack.rs
@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
-#[derive(Clone)]
-#[derive(Default)]
-pub struct Chip8Stack {
-    items: Vec<u16>
-}
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
+#[derive(Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct Chip8Stack {
+    items: Vec<u16>,
+}
 
 impl Chip8Stack {
     pub fn push(&mut self, new_value: &u16) {
         if self.depth() == 16 {
-           // println!("Deep deep stack?");
-           panic!("Stack Overflow");
+            // println!("Deep deep stack?");
+            panic!("Stack Overflow");
         }
-        self.items.push(*new_value );
+        self.items.push(*new_value);
     }
     pub fn pop(&mut self) -> u16 {
         if self.items.is_empty() {
@@ -24,9 +24,7 @@ impl Chip8Stack {
     }
 
     pub fn new() -> Self {
-        Chip8Stack {
-            items: vec![]
-        }
+        Chip8Stack { items: vec![] }
     }
 
     pub fn reset(&mut self) {
diff --git a/gemma/src/chip8/system_memory.rs b/gemma/src/chip8/system_memory.rs
index 19d3fce..59a9a3e 100644
--- a/gemma/src/chip8/system_memory.rs
+++ b/gemma/src/chip8/system_memory.rs
@@ -1,18 +1,17 @@
-use log::{trace};
+use log::trace;
 
 use crate::constants::*;
+use serde::Deserialize;
+use serde::Serialize;
 
-#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+#[derive(Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct Chip8SystemMemory {
-    memory: [u8; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize],
+    memory: Vec<u8>,
 }
 
 impl Default for Chip8SystemMemory {
     fn default() -> Self {
-
-        let mut x = Chip8SystemMemory {
-            memory: [0x00; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize],
-        };
+        let mut x = Chip8SystemMemory::new();
 
         x.load_fonts_to_memory();
         x.load_schip_fonts_to_memory();
@@ -20,27 +19,44 @@ impl Default for Chip8SystemMemory {
     }
 }
 impl Chip8SystemMemory {
+    fn empty_memory() -> Vec<u8> {
+        let mut working_memory = vec![];
 
-    pub fn reset(&mut self){
-        self.memory = [0x00; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize];
+        for _ in 0..CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE {
+            working_memory.push(0x00);
+        }
+        working_memory
+    }
+
+    pub fn reset(&mut self) {
+        self.memory = Chip8SystemMemory::empty_memory();
         self.load_fonts_to_memory();
         self.load_schip_fonts_to_memory();
     }
-    
+
     pub fn new() -> Self {
         Chip8SystemMemory {
-            memory: [0x00; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize],
+            memory: Chip8SystemMemory::empty_memory(),
         }
     }
 
     pub fn peek(&self, address: u16) -> u8 {
-        trace!("PEEK: {} / {}", address, self.memory[address as usize].clone());
+        trace!(
+            "PEEK: {} / {}",
+            address,
+            self.memory[address as usize].clone()
+        );
         let effective = address as i32 % CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE;
         self.memory[effective as usize]
     }
 
-    pub fn poke(&mut self, address: u16, value: u8)  {
-        trace!("POKE: {} / {} to {}", address, self.memory[address as usize], value);
+    pub fn poke(&mut self, address: u16, value: u8) {
+        trace!(
+            "POKE: {} / {} to {}",
+            address,
+            self.memory[address as usize],
+            value
+        );
         self.memory[address as usize] = value;
     }
 
@@ -80,10 +96,22 @@ impl Chip8SystemMemory {
 
     pub fn load_schip_fonts_to_memory(&mut self) {
         let all_font_characters = [
-            SCHIPFONT_0, SCHIPFONT_1, SCHIPFONT_2, SCHIPFONT_3,
-            SCHIPFONT_4, SCHIPFONT_5, SCHIPFONT_6, SCHIPFONT_7,
-            SCHIPFONT_8, SCHIPFONT_9, SCHIPFONT_A, SCHIPFONT_B,
-            SCHIPFONT_C, SCHIPFONT_D, SCHIPFONT_E, SCHIPFONT_F
+            SCHIPFONT_0,
+            SCHIPFONT_1,
+            SCHIPFONT_2,
+            SCHIPFONT_3,
+            SCHIPFONT_4,
+            SCHIPFONT_5,
+            SCHIPFONT_6,
+            SCHIPFONT_7,
+            SCHIPFONT_8,
+            SCHIPFONT_9,
+            SCHIPFONT_A,
+            SCHIPFONT_B,
+            SCHIPFONT_C,
+            SCHIPFONT_D,
+            SCHIPFONT_E,
+            SCHIPFONT_F,
         ];
         for (font_index, current_font) in all_font_characters.iter().enumerate() {
             let base_offset = 0x100;
@@ -93,4 +121,4 @@ impl Chip8SystemMemory {
             }
         }
     }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/gemma/src/chip8/video.rs b/gemma/src/chip8/video.rs
index 96834a8..371daa9 100644
--- a/gemma/src/chip8/video.rs
+++ b/gemma/src/chip8/video.rs
@@ -1,14 +1,18 @@
-use log::{debug};
 use crate::chip8::video::Chip8VideoModes::{HighRes, LowRes};
-use crate::constants::{CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT, CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY, CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT, SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH};
+use crate::constants::{
+    CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT, CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY, CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT,
+    SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY,
+};
+use log::debug;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
-#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub enum Chip8VideoModes {
     LowRes,
     HighRes,
 }
 
-#[derive(Clone)]
+#[derive(Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct Chip8Video {
     memory: Vec<bool>,
     pub has_frame_changed: bool,
@@ -42,12 +46,8 @@ impl Chip8Video {
     pub fn cls(&mut self) {
         self.memory.clear();
         let num_loops = match self.current_res {
-            LowRes => {
-                CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY
-            }
-            HighRes => {
-                SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY
-            }
+            LowRes => CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY,
+            HighRes => SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY,
         };
         for i in 0..num_loops {
             self.memory.push(false);
@@ -74,7 +74,9 @@ impl Chip8Video {
         };
         let effective_address = if address >= loop_value {
             address % loop_value
-        } else { address };
+        } else {
+            address
+        };
         self.memory[effective_address as usize]
     }
 
@@ -84,8 +86,8 @@ impl Chip8Video {
         let effective_address = address % loop_value;
 
         let old_value = self.memory[effective_address as usize];
-        let xored_value = new_value ^ old_value;       // XOR of the video
-        // if the frame has already changed we dont care if it changed again.
+        let xored_value = new_value ^ old_value; // XOR of the video
+                                                 // if the frame has already changed we dont care if it changed again.
         if !self.has_frame_changed && old_value != xored_value {
             self.has_frame_changed = true
         }
@@ -103,7 +105,10 @@ impl Chip8Video {
     pub fn poke_2byte(&mut self, first_address: u16, to_write: [u8; 2]) {
         for (idx, _) in to_write.iter().enumerate() {
             for i in (0..8).rev() {
-                self.poke(first_address + (idx * 8) as u16 + (7 - i), (to_write[idx] & (1 << i)) != 0);
+                self.poke(
+                    first_address + (idx * 8) as u16 + (7 - i),
+                    (to_write[idx] & (1 << i)) != 0,
+                );
             }
         }
     }
@@ -115,7 +120,10 @@ impl Chip8Video {
         for row in 0..height {
             for column in 0..width {
                 let data_offset = row * width + column;
-                debug!("Rendering {data_offset} with value {}", self.memory[data_offset as usize]);
+                debug!(
+                    "Rendering {data_offset} with value {}",
+                    self.memory[data_offset as usize]
+                );
                 if self.memory[data_offset as usize] {
                     output += "*"
                 } else {
@@ -200,7 +208,6 @@ impl Chip8Video {
         self.memory[clear_start..].fill(false);
     }
 
-
     pub fn scroll_down(&mut self, how_far: i32) {
         let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();
         let row_shift = how_far * width;
@@ -212,7 +219,7 @@ impl Chip8Video {
                 let base_offset: usize = (current_source_offset + current_source_column) as usize;
                 let extended_offset: usize = base_offset + row_shift as usize;
                 self.memory[extended_offset] = self.memory[base_offset];
-            };
+            }
         }
 
         // Clear the new top rows after shifting
@@ -224,7 +231,13 @@ impl Chip8Video {
 impl Default for Chip8Video {
     fn default() -> Self {
         let mut mem = vec![];
-        for _ in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY { mem.push(false); }
-        Chip8Video { memory: mem, has_frame_changed: false, current_res: Chip8VideoModes::LowRes }
+        for _ in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {
+            mem.push(false);
+        }
+        Chip8Video {
+            memory: mem,
+            has_frame_changed: false,
+            current_res: Chip8VideoModes::LowRes,
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/gemma/tests/state_tests.rs b/gemma/tests/state_tests.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a3e868
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gemma/tests/state_tests.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+use flate2::write::{GzEncoder, GzDecoder};
+use flate2::Compression;
+use std::io::prelude::*;
+use gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;
+
+fn load_result(to_load: &str) -> String {
+    std::fs::read_to_string(format!("resources/test/state/{}", to_load)).unwrap()
+}
+
+fn load_compressed_result(to_load: &str) -> String {
+    // load the file...
+    // ...then uncompress the string.
+    let mut decoder = GzDecoder::new(Vec::new());
+    decoder.write_all(load_result(to_load).as_ref()).expect("Decompression failed");
+    let decompressed_data = decoder.finish().expect("Failed to finish decompression");
+    String::from_utf8(decompressed_data).expect("Invalid UTF-8")
+}
+
+fn load_rom(to_load: &str) -> Vec<u8> {
+    std::fs::read(format!("resources/roms/{}", to_load)).unwrap()
+}
+#[test]
+fn smoke_round_trip_serialize_deserialize() {
+    let x = Chip8Computer::new();
+    let expected_string = load_result("smoke_001_round_trip_serialize_deserialize.json");
+    let serialized = serde_json::to_string(&x).unwrap();
+    let deserialized: Chip8Computer = serde_json::from_str(&expected_string).unwrap();
+    println!("SERIALIZED [{}]", serialized);
+    // TODO: using trim here is a hack to handle editors adding a newline at the end of a file...even a 1 line file
+    assert_eq!(serialized.trim(), expected_string.trim());
+    assert_eq!(deserialized, x);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn computer_001_system_zero_state() {
+    let x = Chip8Computer::new();
+    let expected_string = load_compressed_result("smoke_002_round_trip_serialize_deserialize.tflt");
+    let serialized = serde_json::to_string(&x).unwrap();
+
+}
diff --git a/gemmaimgui/Cargo.toml b/gemmaimgui/Cargo.toml
index f6dd850..8dfcf29 100644
--- a/gemmaimgui/Cargo.toml
+++ b/gemmaimgui/Cargo.toml
@@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ rand.workspace = true
 log.workspace = true
 chrono.workspace = true
 dimensioned.workspace = true
+clap.workspace = true
 imgui-glium-renderer = { version = "0.12.0" }
 imgui-winit-support = { version = "0.12.0" }
 glium = { version = "0.34.0" }
 image = { version = "0.23" }
 imgui = { version = "0.12.0" }
-winit = { version = "0.27", features = ["x11", "mint"]}
+winit = { version = "0.27", features = ["x11", "mint"] }
 copypasta = { version = "0.8" }
-clap = { version = "4.5.20", features = ["derive"] }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/gemmaimgui/src/bin/gemmaimgui.rs b/gemmaimgui/src/bin/gemmaimgui.rs
index 93ab949..948b83d 100644
--- a/gemmaimgui/src/bin/gemmaimgui.rs
+++ b/gemmaimgui/src/bin/gemmaimgui.rs
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
-use std::default::Default;
-use std::time::Instant;
+use clap::{Parser, Subcommand};
 use gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;
+use std::path::Path;
+use std::time::Instant;
+use std::{default::Default, path::PathBuf};
 use support::{emmagui_support::GemmaImguiSupport, ui_state::ImGuiUiState};
 
-
 mod support;
 
 /// Keypad Mappings for my Linux box
@@ -12,16 +13,39 @@ mod support;
 /// 7 8 9 E
 /// A 0 B F
 
-const LIN_KEYS: [(u16, u8); 0x10] = [(537, 0x01),(538, 0x02),(539, 0x03),(540, 0x0c),
-                              (562, 0x04),(568, 0x05),(550, 0x06),(563, 0x0d),
-                              (546, 7),(564, 8),(549, 9),(551, 0xe),
-                              (571, 0xa),(569, 0),(548, 0xb),(567, 0xf)];
+const LIN_KEYS: [(u16, u8); 0x10] = [
+    (537, 0x01),
+    (538, 0x02),
+    (539, 0x03),
+    (540, 0x0c),
+    (562, 0x04),
+    (568, 0x05),
+    (550, 0x06),
+    (563, 0x0d),
+    (546, 0x7),
+    (564, 0x8),
+    (549, 0x9),
+    (551, 0xe),
+    (571, 0xa),
+    (569, 0x0),
+    (548, 0xb),
+    (567, 0xf),
+];
+
+#[derive(Parser)]
+#[command(version, about, long_about = None)]
+struct GemmaImguiCLIOptions {
+    roms_directory: Option<PathBuf>,
+}
 
 fn main() {
     pretty_env_logger::init();
 
+    let cli_options = GemmaImguiCLIOptions::parse();
+
     let mut system = Chip8ComputerManager::default();
-    let mut ui_state = ImGuiUiState::default();
+    println!("GOT A ROMS_DIRECTORY => [{:?}]", cli_options.roms_directory);
+    let mut ui_state = ImGuiUiState::new(cli_options.roms_directory);
 
     support::simple_init(file!(), move |_, ui| {
         let current_time = Instant::now();
@@ -53,14 +77,21 @@ fn main() {
 
         let target_ms = ui_state.frame_time;
         let loop_start_time = Instant::now();
-        while Instant::now().duration_since(current_time).as_millis() < target_ms as u128 && num_cycles < ui_state.target_ips {
+        while Instant::now().duration_since(current_time).as_millis() < target_ms as u128
+            && num_cycles < ui_state.target_ips
+        {
             if system.tick() {
                 num_cycles += 1;
             }
         }
         let cycles_time = Instant::now().duration_since(loop_start_time);
         if num_cycles > 0 {
-            println!("Ran for {}ms and executed {}/{} cycles.", cycles_time.as_millis(), num_cycles, ui_state.target_ips);
+            println!(
+                "Ran for {}ms and executed {}/{} cycles.",
+                cycles_time.as_millis(),
+                num_cycles,
+                ui_state.target_ips
+            );
         }
         // GUI Parts
         if ui_state.show_video {
@@ -75,7 +106,12 @@ fn main() {
 
         if ui_state.show_memory {
             let active_instruction = system.state().registers.peek_pc();
-            GemmaImguiSupport::hex_memory_display(system.state().memory, (0x100, 0x10), active_instruction as i16, ui);
+            GemmaImguiSupport::hex_memory_display(
+                system.state().memory.clone(),
+                (0x100, 0x10),
+                active_instruction as i16,
+                ui,
+            );
         }
 
         if ui_state.show_keypad {
diff --git a/gemmaimgui/src/bin/support/emmagui_support.rs b/gemmaimgui/src/bin/support/emmagui_support.rs
index f9d8d30..0fdbb40 100644
--- a/gemmaimgui/src/bin/support/emmagui_support.rs
+++ b/gemmaimgui/src/bin/support/emmagui_support.rs
@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
-use gemma::constants::CHIP8_KEYBOARD;
-use std::fs::File;
-use std::io::Read;
-use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
-use imgui::{CollapsingHeader, Condition, ImColor32, Ui};
-use log::debug;
+use crate::support::gui_file_list::GuiFileList;
+use crate::ImGuiUiState;
 use gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;
 use gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;
 use gemma::chip8::computer_manager::ManagerDumpables::{Keyboard, Registers, Video};
 use gemma::chip8::system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory;
-use crate::ImGuiUiState;
-use crate::support::gui_file_list::GuiFileList;
+use gemma::constants::CHIP8_KEYBOARD;
+use imgui::{CollapsingHeader, Condition, ImColor32, Ui};
+use log::debug;
+use std::fs::File;
+use std::io::Read;
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 
 const ROM_ROOT: &str = "resources/roms";
 
@@ -55,7 +55,10 @@ impl GemmaImguiSupport {
                 for current_column in 0..=width {
                     let x_offset = origin[0] as i32 + (current_column * cell_width);
                     let current_origin = [x_offset as f32, y_offset as f32];
-                    let current_limit = [(x_offset + cell_width) as f32, (y_offset + cell_height) as f32];
+                    let current_limit = [
+                        (x_offset + cell_width) as f32,
+                        (y_offset + cell_height) as f32,
+                    ];
                     let memory_offset = (current_row * width + current_column) as u16;
                     let to_render = system_to_control.video_memory.peek(memory_offset);
                     let color: ImColor32 = if to_render {
@@ -63,7 +66,14 @@ impl GemmaImguiSupport {
                     } else {
                         gui_state.off_colour
                     };
-                    fg.add_rect_filled_multicolor(current_origin, current_limit, color, color, color, color);
+                    fg.add_rect_filled_multicolor(
+                        current_origin,
+                        current_limit,
+                        color,
+                        color,
+                        color,
+                        color,
+                    );
                 }
             }
         } else {
@@ -72,7 +82,10 @@ impl GemmaImguiSupport {
                 for current_column in 0..width {
                     let x_offset = origin[0] as i32 + (current_column * cell_width);
                     let current_origin = [x_offset as f32, y_offset as f32];
-                    let current_limit = [(x_offset + cell_width) as f32, (y_offset + cell_height) as f32];
+                    let current_limit = [
+                        (x_offset + cell_width) as f32,
+                        (y_offset + cell_height) as f32,
+                    ];
                     let memory_offset = (current_row * width + current_column) as u16;
                     let to_render = system_to_control.video_memory.peek(memory_offset);
                     let color: ImColor32 = if to_render {
@@ -80,12 +93,23 @@ impl GemmaImguiSupport {
                     } else {
                         gui_state.off_colour
                     };
-                    fg.add_rect_filled_multicolor(current_origin, current_limit, color, color, color, color);
+                    fg.add_rect_filled_multicolor(
+                        current_origin,
+                        current_limit,
+                        color,
+                        color,
+                        color,
+                        color,
+                    );
                 }
             }
         }
     }
-    pub fn system_controls(system_to_control: &mut Chip8ComputerManager, gui_state: &mut ImGuiUiState, ui: &Ui) {
+    pub fn system_controls(
+        system_to_control: &mut Chip8ComputerManager,
+        gui_state: &mut ImGuiUiState,
+        ui: &Ui,
+    ) {
         // let mut state: Chip8Computer = system_to_control;
         ui.window("!!!! CONTROLS !!!!")
             .position([100.0, 640.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)
@@ -95,19 +119,35 @@ impl GemmaImguiSupport {
 
                 /* ROM Lister */
                 if CollapsingHeader::new("Roms").build(ui) {
-                    let new_filename = GuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(ROM_ROOT), &gui_state.filename_to_load, ui);
+                    let new_filename = GuiFileList::display_path(
+                        gui_state.roms_root_path.clone(),
+                        &gui_state.filename_to_load,
+                        ui,
+                    );
                     if !new_filename.is_empty() {
                         if new_filename != gui_state.filename_to_load {
                             debug!("NEW FILENAME SELECTED -> {new_filename}");
                             gui_state.filename_to_load = new_filename;
                         }
                         if ui.button("Load Program") {
-                            let mut buffer = Vec::new();
-                            debug!("PREPARING TO LOAD {}", gui_state.filename_to_load);
-                            // let mut input_file = File::open(Path::new("./1-chip8-logo.ch8")).expect("put 1-chip8-logo.ch8 in this directory");
-                            let mut input_file = File::open(Path::new(&(ROM_ROOT.to_string() + "/" + &gui_state.filename_to_load))).expect("put 1-chip8-logo.ch8 in this directory");
-                            input_file.read_to_end(&mut buffer).expect("unable to read file");
-                            system_to_control.load_new_program_to_system_memory((&*buffer).into());
+                            let mut buffer: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();
+                            let full_name = format!(
+                                "{}/{}",
+                                gui_state
+                                    .roms_root_path
+                                    .clone()
+                                    .as_os_str()
+                                    .to_string_lossy(),
+                                gui_state.filename_to_load.to_string()
+                            );
+                            debug!("PREPARING TO LOAD {}", full_name);
+
+                            let input_file = File::open(Path::new(&full_name));
+                            input_file
+                                .unwrap()
+                                .read_to_end(&mut buffer)
+                                .expect("Unable to read rom.");
+                            system_to_control.load_new_program_to_system_memory(buffer);
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -116,7 +156,7 @@ impl GemmaImguiSupport {
                     // if the system has no program loaded hide the buttons.
                     let bytes: [u8; 2] = [
                         system_to_control.state().memory.peek(0x200),
-                        system_to_control.state().memory.peek(0x201)
+                        system_to_control.state().memory.peek(0x201),
                     ];
                     let mut show_buttons = bytes[0] != 0 || bytes[1] == 0xe0;
 
@@ -158,7 +198,8 @@ impl GemmaImguiSupport {
                     ui.checkbox("Show Registers", &mut gui_state.show_registers);
                     ui.same_line();
                     ui.checkbox("Show Keypad", &mut gui_state.show_keypad);
-                    ui.input_int("Target IPS", &mut gui_state.target_ips).build();
+                    ui.input_int("Target IPS", &mut gui_state.target_ips)
+                        .build();
                 };
             });
     }
@@ -185,7 +226,12 @@ impl GemmaImguiSupport {
             });
     }
 
-    pub fn hex_memory_display(bytes: Chip8SystemMemory, position: (i32, i32), active: i16, ui: &Ui) {
+    pub fn hex_memory_display(
+        bytes: Chip8SystemMemory,
+        position: (i32, i32),
+        active: i16,
+        ui: &Ui,
+    ) {
         let rows = position.0;
         let cols = position.1;
         ui.window("System Memory")
@@ -207,16 +253,22 @@ impl GemmaImguiSupport {
                             y: text_location[1] + text_size[1],
                         };
 
-                        let hovering = ui.is_mouse_hovering_rect(text_location, [bounding_box.x, bounding_box.y]);
+                        let hovering = ui.is_mouse_hovering_rect(
+                            text_location,
+                            [bounding_box.x, bounding_box.y],
+                        );
                         let is_active = data_offset == active as i32;
 
-                        ui.text_colored(if hovering {
-                            [0., 1., 1., 1.]
-                        } else if is_active {
-                            [1., 0., 1., 1.]
-                        } else {
-                            [1., 1., 0., 1.]
-                        }, formatted_text.clone());
+                        ui.text_colored(
+                            if hovering {
+                                [0., 1., 1., 1.]
+                            } else if is_active {
+                                [1., 0., 1., 1.]
+                            } else {
+                                [1., 1., 0., 1.]
+                            },
+                            formatted_text.clone(),
+                        );
 
                         // if we are hovering show that at the bottom...
                         if hovering {
@@ -226,7 +278,12 @@ impl GemmaImguiSupport {
 
                             // Check if the left mouse button is clicked while hovering over the text
                             if ui.is_mouse_clicked(imgui::MouseButton::Left) {
-                                debug!("Offset: [{}] [0x{:02x}] Value: [{}]", data_offset, data_offset, formatted_text.clone());
+                                debug!(
+                                    "Offset: [{}] [0x{:02x}] Value: [{}]",
+                                    data_offset,
+                                    data_offset,
+                                    formatted_text.clone()
+                                );
                                 // Perform any action here, e.g., call a function, trigger an event, etc.
                             }
                         }
@@ -237,7 +294,10 @@ impl GemmaImguiSupport {
                         }
                     }
                 }
-                ui.text(format!("Offset 0x{:03x}", current_x_hover * cols + current_y_hover));
+                ui.text(format!(
+                    "Offset 0x{:03x}",
+                    current_x_hover * cols + current_y_hover
+                ));
             });
     }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/gemmaimgui/src/bin/support/ui_state.rs b/gemmaimgui/src/bin/support/ui_state.rs
index f218193..89fa4c2 100644
--- a/gemmaimgui/src/bin/support/ui_state.rs
+++ b/gemmaimgui/src/bin/support/ui_state.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
-use std::time::Instant;
 use imgui::ImColor32;
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+use std::time::Instant;
+
+pub const ROMPATH_DEFAULT: &str = "resources/roms";
 
 pub struct ImGuiUiState {
     pub show_registers: bool,
@@ -12,7 +15,8 @@ pub struct ImGuiUiState {
     pub is_running: bool,
     pub frame_time: u32,
     pub last_frame_instant: Instant,
-    pub target_ips: i32
+    pub target_ips: i32,
+    pub roms_root_path: PathBuf,
 }
 
 impl Clone for ImGuiUiState {
@@ -28,7 +32,9 @@ impl Clone for ImGuiUiState {
             is_running: self.is_running,
             frame_time: self.frame_time,
             last_frame_instant: self.last_frame_instant,
-            target_ips: self.target_ips
+            target_ips: self.target_ips,
+
+            roms_root_path: self.roms_root_path.to_owned(),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -46,7 +52,21 @@ impl Default for ImGuiUiState {
             is_running: false,
             frame_time: 16,
             last_frame_instant: Instant::now(),
-            target_ips: 200000
+            target_ips: 200000,
+            roms_root_path: PathBuf::from(ROMPATH_DEFAULT),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl ImGuiUiState {
+    pub fn new(rom_path: Option<PathBuf>) -> ImGuiUiState {
+        let unwrapped = rom_path.clone().unwrap_or(PathBuf::from(ROMPATH_DEFAULT));
+
+        println!("UNWRAPPED => [{:?}]", unwrapped);
+
+        ImGuiUiState {
+            roms_root_path: rom_path.unwrap_or(PathBuf::from(ROMPATH_DEFAULT)),
+            ..Default::default()
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/gemmautil/Cargo.toml b/gemmautil/Cargo.toml
index 4257587..18d723b 100644
--- a/gemmautil/Cargo.toml
+++ b/gemmautil/Cargo.toml
@@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ edition = "2021"
 
 [dependencies]
 gemma = { path = "../gemma" }
-clap = { version = "4.5.20", features = ["derive"] }
+clap.workspace = true
 pest = "2.7.14"
-pest_derive = "2.7.14"
\ No newline at end of file
+pest_derive = "2.7.14"
diff --git a/gemmautil/src/bin/bin2hex.rs b/gemmautil/src/bin/bin2hex.rs
index ee03414..5ef12f0 100644
--- a/gemmautil/src/bin/bin2hex.rs
+++ b/gemmautil/src/bin/bin2hex.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
+use clap::{Arg, Command};
 use std::fs::File;
 use std::io;
 use std::io::{BufReader, Read};
-use clap::{Arg, Command};
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 struct CliArgs {
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ fn main() {
                 .required(true)
                 .index(1),
         )
-
         .get_matches();
 
     // Parse the command-line arguments
@@ -53,12 +52,12 @@ fn read_file_to_bools(file_path: &str) -> io::Result<Vec<u8>> {
         let bit = match byte {
             b'1' => true,
             b'0' => false,
-            _ => continue,  // Skip non-'1' or '0' characters
+            _ => continue, // Skip non-'1' or '0' characters
         };
 
         // Set the appropriate bit in the current byte
         if bit {
-            current_byte |= 1 << (7 - bit_index);  // Set the bit at the correct position
+            current_byte |= 1 << (7 - bit_index); // Set the bit at the correct position
         }
 
         bit_index += 1;
@@ -76,8 +75,5 @@ fn read_file_to_bools(file_path: &str) -> io::Result<Vec<u8>> {
         output.push(current_byte);
     }
 
-
-
     Ok(output)
 }
-
diff --git a/resources/roms/MacroMirror.ch8 b/resources/roms/MacroMirror.ch8
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d550159
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/roms/MacroMirror.ch8
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+a
+¢Ð¢$ТѢ,Ñ,Fƒï,,<ò�óö<,,ïƒF,(O�Ïo8
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/resources/test/state/smoke_001_round_trip_serialize_deserialize.json b/resources/test/state/smoke_001_round_trip_serialize_deserialize.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b582f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/test/state/smoke_001_round_trip_serialize_deserialize.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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diff --git a/resources/test/state/smoke_002_round_trip_serialize_deserialize_compressed.tflt b/resources/test/state/smoke_002_round_trip_serialize_deserialize_compressed.tflt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..affadaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/test/state/smoke_002_round_trip_serialize_deserialize_compressed.tflt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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