diff --git a/.idea/workspace.xml b/.idea/workspace.xml
index 15ec57c..b9d0aeb 100644
--- a/.idea/workspace.xml
+++ b/.idea/workspace.xml
@@ -9,8 +9,6 @@
   <component name="ChangeListManager">
     <list default="true" id="9bcba7c5-ac1d-4216-959a-63faee7047bc" name="Changes" comment="">
       <change beforePath="$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/workspace.xml" beforeDir="false" afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/workspace.xml" afterDir="false" />
-      <change beforePath="$PROJECT_DIR$/gemma/src/chip8/instructions.rs" beforeDir="false" afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/gemma/src/chip8/instructions.rs" afterDir="false" />
-      <change beforePath="$PROJECT_DIR$/gemma/tests/unit_tests.rs" beforeDir="false" afterPath="$PROJECT_DIR$/gemma/tests/unit_tests.rs" afterDir="false" />
     </list>
     <option name="SHOW_DIALOG" value="false" />
     <option name="HIGHLIGHT_CONFLICTS" value="true" />
@@ -38,102 +36,100 @@
     <option name="hideEmptyMiddlePackages" value="true" />
     <option name="showLibraryContents" value="true" />
   </component>
-  <component name="PropertiesComponent"><![CDATA[{
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-    "Cargo.Build `Run trevors_chip8_toy`.executor": "Run",
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-    "Cargo.Build `Test chip8::instructions::test::series8xy6_corex_tests`.executor": "Run",
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-    "Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::encode_decode_test.executor": "Run",
-    "Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::random_produces_different_numbers.executor": "Run",
-    "Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::series4000_corex_tests.executor": "Run",
-    "Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::series8xy4_corex_tests.executor": "Run",
-    "Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::series8xy6_corex_tests.executor": "Run",
-    "Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::shl_vx_vy_test.executor": "Run",
-    "Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::subn_vx_vy_test.executor": "Run",
-    "Cargo.Test chip8::util::test::bool_to_byte_changes.executor": "Run",
-    "Cargo.Test chip8::util::test::byte_to_bool_changes.executor": "Run",
-    "Cargo.Test chip8::util::test::ubln.executor": "Run",
-    "Cargo.Test chip8::video::test::poke_byte.executor": "Run",
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-    "Cargo.Test video::test.executor": "Debug",
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-    "RunOnceActivity.rust.reset.selective.auto.import": "true",
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-    "last_opened_file_path": "/home/tmerritt/Projects/chip8_toy/gemmaimgui",
-    "node.js.detected.package.eslint": "true",
-    "node.js.selected.package.eslint": "(autodetect)",
-    "nodejs_package_manager_path": "npm",
-    "org.rust.cargo.project.model.PROJECT_DISCOVERY": "true",
-    "org.rust.cargo.project.model.impl.CargoExternalSystemProjectAware.subscribe.first.balloon": "",
-    "org.rust.first.attach.projects": "true",
-    "settings.editor.selected.configurable": "advanced.settings"
+  <component name="PropertiesComponent">{
+  &quot;keyToString&quot;: {
+    &quot;Cargo.Build `Run emmagui`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Build `Run gemmaegui_viewer`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Build `Run gemmaegui`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Build `Run gemmaimgui`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Build `Run trevors_chip8_toy`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test chip8::computer::test::cls_test`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test chip8::instructions::test::LdStVx_test`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test chip8::instructions::test::random_produces_different_numbers`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test chip8::instructions::test::series8xy6_corex_tests`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test chip8::instructions::test::shl_vx_vy_test`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test chip8::util::test::byte_to_bool_changes`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test chip8::util::test::ubln`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test chip8::video::test::poke_byte_test`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test chip8::video::test::poke_byte`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test chip8::video::test::scroll_down_1_row_test`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test computer::test`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test instructions::test (1)`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test instructions::test`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Build `Test video::test`.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Build gemma.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Run ch8asm.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Run emmagui.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Run gemmaegui.executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Run gemmaegui_viewer.executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Run gemmaimgui.executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Run trevors_chip8_toy.executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test ch8asm::test.executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::computer::test::cls_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::computer::test::decoder_test_valid_instructions.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::LdStVx_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::LdVxDt_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::LdiAddr_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::RndVxByte_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::ShrVxVy_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::SneVxVy_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::decoder_test_invalid_instructions.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::draw_nibble_vx_vy_n_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::encode_decode_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::random_produces_different_numbers.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::series4000_corex_tests.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::series8xy4_corex_tests.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::series8xy6_corex_tests.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::shl_vx_vy_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::instructions::test::subn_vx_vy_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::util::test::bool_to_byte_changes.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::util::test::byte_to_bool_changes.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::util::test::ubln.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::video::test::poke_byte.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::video::test::poke_byte_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::video::test::poke_sprite_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::video::test::reset_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::video::test::scroll_down_10_row_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::video::test::scroll_down_1_row_test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test chip8::video::test::write_checkboard.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test computer::test.executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test instruction_tests.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test instructions::test (1).executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test instructions::test.executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test sound_timer::test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test util::test.executor&quot;: &quot;Run&quot;,
+    &quot;Cargo.Test video::test.executor&quot;: &quot;Debug&quot;,
+    &quot;RunOnceActivity.ShowReadmeOnStart&quot;: &quot;true&quot;,
+    &quot;RunOnceActivity.rust.reset.selective.auto.import&quot;: &quot;true&quot;,
+    &quot;git-widget-placeholder&quot;: &quot;master&quot;,
+    &quot;last_opened_file_path&quot;: &quot;/home/tmerritt/Projects/chip8_toy/gemmaimgui&quot;,
+    &quot;node.js.detected.package.eslint&quot;: &quot;true&quot;,
+    &quot;node.js.selected.package.eslint&quot;: &quot;(autodetect)&quot;,
+    &quot;nodejs_package_manager_path&quot;: &quot;npm&quot;,
+    &quot;org.rust.cargo.project.model.PROJECT_DISCOVERY&quot;: &quot;true&quot;,
+    &quot;org.rust.cargo.project.model.impl.CargoExternalSystemProjectAware.subscribe.first.balloon&quot;: &quot;&quot;,
+    &quot;org.rust.first.attach.projects&quot;: &quot;true&quot;,
+    &quot;settings.editor.selected.configurable&quot;: &quot;advanced.settings&quot;
   },
-  "keyToStringList": {
-    "com.intellij.ide.scratch.ScratchImplUtil$2/New Scratch File": [
-      "TEXT"
+  &quot;keyToStringList&quot;: {
+    &quot;com.intellij.ide.scratch.ScratchImplUtil$2/New Scratch File&quot;: [
+      &quot;TEXT&quot;
     ]
   }
-}]]></component>
+}</component>
   <component name="RecentsManager">
     <key name="CopyFile.RECENT_KEYS">
       <recent name="$PROJECT_DIR$/gemmaimgui" />
     </key>
     <key name="MoveFile.RECENT_KEYS">
-      <recent name="$PROJECT_DIR$/resources/octoroms" />
+      <recent name="$PROJECT_DIR$/resources/schip_font" />
       <recent name="$PROJECT_DIR$/gemmautil/src" />
       <recent name="$PROJECT_DIR$/gemmaimgui/src/bin" />
     </key>
   </component>
-  <component name="RunManager" selected="Cargo.Test instructions_name_tests">
-    <configuration name="Run gemmaegui" type="CargoCommandRunConfiguration" factoryName="Cargo Command" temporary="true">
-      <option name="command" value="run --package gemmaegui --bin gemmaegui" />
+  <component name="RunManager" selected="Cargo.Run gemmaimgui">
+    <configuration name="Run ch8asm" type="CargoCommandRunConfiguration" factoryName="Cargo Command" temporary="true">
+      <option name="command" value="run --package gemmautil --bin ch8asm" />
       <option name="workingDirectory" value="file://$PROJECT_DIR$" />
       <envs />
       <option name="emulateTerminal" value="true" />
@@ -166,8 +162,8 @@
         <option name="CARGO.BUILD_TASK_PROVIDER" enabled="true" />
       </method>
     </configuration>
-    <configuration name="Test computer_dump_registers_to_string" type="CargoCommandRunConfiguration" factoryName="Cargo Command" temporary="true">
-      <option name="command" value="test --package gemma --test unit_tests computer_dump_registers_to_string -- --exact" />
+    <configuration name="Test ch8asm::test" type="CargoCommandRunConfiguration" factoryName="Cargo Command" temporary="true">
+      <option name="command" value="test --package gemmautil --bin ch8asm test" />
       <option name="workingDirectory" value="file://$PROJECT_DIR$" />
       <envs />
       <option name="emulateTerminal" value="true" />
@@ -183,8 +179,8 @@
         <option name="CARGO.BUILD_TASK_PROVIDER" enabled="true" />
       </method>
     </configuration>
-    <configuration name="Test instructions_name_tests" type="CargoCommandRunConfiguration" factoryName="Cargo Command" temporary="true">
-      <option name="command" value="test --package gemma --test unit_tests instructions_name_tests -- --exact" />
+    <configuration name="Test instruction_tests" type="CargoCommandRunConfiguration" factoryName="Cargo Command" temporary="true">
+      <option name="command" value="test --package gemma --test instruction_tests" />
       <option name="workingDirectory" value="file://$PROJECT_DIR$" />
       <envs />
       <option name="emulateTerminal" value="true" />
@@ -219,11 +215,11 @@
     </configuration>
     <recent_temporary>
       <list>
-        <item itemvalue="Cargo.Test instructions_name_tests" />
-        <item itemvalue="Cargo.Run gemmaegui" />
-        <item itemvalue="Cargo.Run gemmaegui" />
         <item itemvalue="Cargo.Run gemmaimgui" />
-        <item itemvalue="Cargo.Test computer_dump_registers_to_string" />
+        <item itemvalue="Cargo.Test instruction_tests" />
+        <item itemvalue="Cargo.Test ch8asm::test" />
+        <item itemvalue="Cargo.Run ch8asm" />
+        <item itemvalue="Cargo.Test video::test" />
       </list>
     </recent_temporary>
   </component>
@@ -262,8 +258,9 @@
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       <workItem from="1729375372050" duration="3579000" />
       <workItem from="1729797802231" duration="9220000" />
-      <workItem from="1729992186995" duration="4226000" />
-      <workItem from="1730115460078" duration="30915000" />
+      <workItem from="1729992186995" duration="4475000" />
+      <workItem from="1730040713781" duration="2808000" />
+      <workItem from="1730065968935" duration="6000" />
     </task>
     <servers />
   </component>
@@ -273,6 +270,17 @@
   <component name="UnknownFeatures">
     <option featureType="com.intellij.fileTypeFactory" implementationName="*.asc" />
   </component>
+  <component name="XDebuggerManager">
+    <breakpoint-manager>
+      <breakpoints>
+        <line-breakpoint enabled="true" type="com.jetbrains.cidr.execution.debugger.OCBreakpointType">
+          <url>file://$PROJECT_DIR$/emma/src/chip8/system_memory.rs</url>
+          <line>46</line>
+          <option name="timeStamp" value="2" />
+        </line-breakpoint>
+      </breakpoints>
+    </breakpoint-manager>
+  </component>
   <component name="com.intellij.coverage.CoverageDataManagerImpl">
     <SUITE FILE_PATH="coverage/trevors_chip8_toy$Test_video__test.info" NAME="Test video::test Coverage Results" MODIFIED="1728072993962" SOURCE_PROVIDER="com.intellij.coverage.DefaultCoverageFileProvider" RUNNER="RsCoverageRunner" COVERAGE_BY_TEST_ENABLED="false" COVERAGE_TRACING_ENABLED="false" CONTEXT_FILE_PATH="$PROJECT_DIR$" />
   </component>
diff --git a/coverage/tarpaulin-report.html b/coverage/tarpaulin-report.html
index 29b0636..3ee5892 100644
--- a/coverage/tarpaulin-report.html
+++ b/coverage/tarpaulin-report.html
@@ -118,8 +118,8 @@
 <body>
     <div id="root"></div>
     <script>
-        var data = {"files":[{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","computer.rs"],"content":"use log::{debug};\nuse crate::chip8::delay_timer::DelayTimer;\nuse crate::chip8::keypad::Keypad;\nuse crate::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode;\nuse crate::chip8::registers::Chip8Registers;\nuse crate::chip8::sound_timer::SoundTimer;\nuse crate::chip8::stack::Chip8Stack;\n\nuse super::{\n    cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates, instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions, system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory, video::Chip8Video,\n};\n\n#[derive(Clone)]\npub struct Chip8Computer {\n    pub num_cycles: i32,\n    pub memory: Chip8SystemMemory,\n    pub registers: Chip8Registers,\n    pub sound_timer: SoundTimer,\n    pub delay_timer: DelayTimer,\n    pub video_memory: Chip8Video,\n    pub state: Chip8CpuStates,\n    pub keypad: Keypad,\n    pub stack: Chip8Stack,\n    pub quirk_mode: QuirkMode\n}\nimpl Default for Chip8Computer {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            num_cycles: 0,\n            memory: Chip8SystemMemory::default(),\n            video_memory: Chip8Video::default(),\n            registers: Chip8Registers::default(),\n            sound_timer: SoundTimer::new(),\n            delay_timer: DelayTimer::new(),\n            state: Chip8CpuStates::default(),\n            keypad: Keypad::default(),\n            stack: Chip8Stack::default(),\n            quirk_mode: QuirkMode::default()\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Computer {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.video_memory.reset();\n        self.num_cycles = 0;\n        self.registers.reset();\n        self.delay_timer.reset();\n        self.sound_timer.reset();\n        self.stack.reset();\n        self.memory.reset();\n        self.quirk_mode = QuirkMode::Chip8;\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_keypad_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.keypad.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_registers_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.registers.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_video_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.clone().video_memory.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn new_with_program(new_program: Vec\u003cu16\u003e) -\u003e Self {\n        let mut working = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n        for (i, \u0026word) in new_program.iter().enumerate() {\n            let high = (word \u003e\u003e 8) as u8;\n            let low = (word \u0026 0xff) as u8;\n            let base_offset = (i * 2) as u16;\n            working.memory.poke(base_offset, high);\n            working.memory.poke(base_offset + 1, low);\n        }\n        working\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Computer::default()\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_bytes_to_memory(\u0026mut self, offset: u16, to_load: \u0026Vec\u003cu8\u003e) {\n        let total_len = to_load.len() as u16;\n        for current_index in 0..total_len {\n            let new_value = to_load[current_index as usize];\n            let new_location = current_index + offset;\n            self.memory.poke(new_location, new_value);\n        }\n        self.registers.set_pc(offset);\n    }\n\n    pub fn step_system(\u0026mut self) -\u003e \u0026mut Chip8Computer {\n        debug!(\"Stepping System 1 Step\");\n        // read the next instruction\n        let local_memory = \u0026self.memory;\n\n    //    let mut working_instruction: u16 = 0b0000000000000000;\n        let start_pc = self.registers.peek_pc();\n        let high_byte = (local_memory.peek(start_pc) as u16).rotate_left(8);\n        let low_byte = local_memory.peek(start_pc + 1) as u16;\n        let result = high_byte | low_byte;\n        let decoded_instruction =\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(result);\n        // todo: THIS IS BAD AND IS A SIDE EFFECT\n        decoded_instruction.execute(self);\n\n        match self.state {\n            Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction =\u003e {\n                self.sound_timer.tick();\n                self.delay_timer.tick();\n                self.video_memory.tick();\n                self.num_cycles += 1;\n            }\n            Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey =\u003e {\n                debug!(\"waiting for a key press...\");\n            }\n            _ =\u003e {}\n        }\n        self\n    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std::sync::mpsc::{channel, Sender};\nuse std::thread;\nuse std::thread::{sleep, JoinHandle, Thread};\nuse std::time::{Duration, Instant};\nuse crate::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates;\nuse crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction;\npub enum ManagerDumpables {\n    Video,\n    Registers,\n    Keyboard\n}\n\npub struct Chip8ComputerManager {\n    core_should_run: bool,\n    one_step: bool,\n    core_cycle_timer: bool,\n    core_last_cycle_start: Instant,\n    computer: Chip8Computer\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8ComputerManager {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8ComputerManager {\n            core_should_run: false,\n            one_step: false,\n            core_cycle_timer: false,\n            core_last_cycle_start: Instant::now()   ,\n            computer: Chip8Computer::new()\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8ComputerManager {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.one_step = false;\n        self.core_should_run = false;\n        self.computer.reset();\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Chip8ComputerManager {\n        let core_handle = thread::spawn(move || {\n           loop {\n               let start_time = Instant::now();\n               let sleep_time = Instant::now().duration_since(start_time).as_millis();\n               sleep(Duration::from_millis((16 - sleep_time) as u64));\n           }\n        });\n\n        Chip8ComputerManager::default()\n    }\n\n    pub fn start(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.core_should_run = true;\n    }\n\n    pub fn stop(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.core_should_run = false\n    }\n\n    pub fn step(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.one_step = true;\n    }\n\n    pub fn state(\u0026mut self) -\u003e \u0026Chip8Computer {\n        \u0026self.computer\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick( \u0026mut self) -\u003e bool {\n     //   println!(\"STARTING TICK\");\n        let mut did_tick: bool = false;\n        if self.one_step | self.core_should_run  {\n            match self.computer.state {\n                WaitingForInstruction =\u003e {\n                    self.core_last_cycle_start = Instant::now();\n                    self.computer.step_system();\n                    did_tick = true\n                 //   println!(\"SYSTEM STEP\");\n                }\n                _ =\u003e {}\n            }\n        };\n        if self.one_step {\n            println!(\"SYSTEM HALTED AFTER 1 STEP\");\n            // stop the CPU for the next cycle, we are only\n            // wanting one step.\n            self.one_step = false;\n            did_tick = true;\n        }\n        did_tick\n    }\n\n    pub fn press_key(\u0026mut self, key_index: u8) {\n        self.computer.keypad.push_key(key_index);\n        if matches!(self.computer.state, Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey) {\n            self.computer.state = WaitingForInstruction\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn release_key(\u0026mut self, key_index: u8) {\n        self.computer.keypad.release_key(key_index);\n    }\n\n    pub fn sound(managed: \u0026Chip8ComputerManager) -\u003e bool {\n        managed.computer.sound_timer.current() \u003e 0\n    }\n\n    pub fn wait_for_instruction(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.computer.state = WaitingForInstruction;\n    }\n\n    pub fn is_key_pressed(\u0026self, key_index: u8) -\u003e bool {\n        self.computer.keypad.pressed(key_index)\n    }\n\n    pub fn num_cycles(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        self.computer.num_cycles\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_bytes_to_system_memory(\u0026mut self, bytes_to_load: Vec\u003cu8\u003e) {\n        self.computer.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026bytes_to_load);\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_to_string(\u0026self, dump_type: ManagerDumpables) -\u003e String {\n        match dump_type {\n            ManagerDumpables::Video =\u003e {\n                self.computer.video_memory.format_as_string()\n            }\n            ManagerDumpables::Registers =\u003e {\n                self.computer.registers.format_as_string()\n            }\n            ManagerDumpables::Keyboard =\u003e {\n                self.computer.keypad.format_as_string()\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":23,"address":[314752],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3535296],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[314798],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[42109872],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[42109877],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[3535420],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[314915],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":40,"address":[42109999,42109904],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[830192],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[3556340],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[42132428],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[3556458],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3535472],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[42110032],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[42110037],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[42110048],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[42110053],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[3535600],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[42110069],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[42110080],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[3535632],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[3535645],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":71,"address":[3535650],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[315159],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[3535700],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[3535723],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[315200],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[3535792,3535672],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":83,"address":[3535747],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[3535780],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[42110251],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[42110200],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[315280],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[42110293],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[42110311],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":95,"address":[315336],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[42110352],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[3535904],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[42110400],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[3535941],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[3535968],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[315445],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[3536000],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[3536016],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":114,"address":[3536048],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":115,"address":[3536053],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":118,"address":[3536064,3536145],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[3536081],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":122,"address":[3536176],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":123,"address":[42110670],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":125,"address":[3536250],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":128,"address":[3536268],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":131,"address":[3536293],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":53},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","cpu_states.rs"],"content":"#[derive(Clone, Copy, Default)]\npub enum Chip8CpuStates {\n    #[default]\n    WaitingForInstruction,\n    WaitingForKey,\n    ExecutingInstruction,\n    Error,\n}\n\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","delay_timer.rs"],"content":"#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub struct DelayTimer {\n    counter: u8\n}\n\nimpl DelayTimer {\n    pub fn current(\u0026self) -\u003e u8 {\n        self.counter\n    }\n\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        DelayTimer {\n            counter: 0xff\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.counter = 0xff;\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_timer(\u0026mut self, new_value: u8) {\n        self.counter = new_value as u8\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        if self.counter \u003e 0 {\n            self.counter -= 1;\n        }\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":7,"address":[725344],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":8,"address":[290229],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":17,"address":[290256],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":18,"address":[636437],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":21,"address":[1185552],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":22,"address":[1185564],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":25,"address":[831888],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":26,"address":[3571070,3571111],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":27,"address":[3571085,3571113],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}}],"covered":9,"coverable":9},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","instructions.rs"],"content":"use std::arch::x86_64::_mm_xor_pd;\nuse std::fmt::{Debug, Display, Formatter};\nuse std::ops::{BitAnd, Deref, Shr};\nuse std::time::Instant;\nuse chrono::ParseMonthError;\nuse log::debug;\nuse rand::{random, Rng};\nuse crate::chip8::computer::{Chip8Computer};\nuse crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey;\nuse crate::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::*;\nuse crate::chip8::util::InstructionUtil;\nuse crate::constants::{*};\n\n/*\nnnn or addr - A 12-bit value, the lowest 12 bits of the instruction\nn or nibble - A 4-bit value, the lowest 4 bits of the instruction\nx - A 4-bit value, the lower 4 bits of the high byte of the instruction\ny - A 4-bit value, the upper 4 bits of the low byte of the instruction\nkk or byte - An 8-bit value, the lowest 8 bits of the instruction\n */\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\npub enum Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    /// 0nnn\n    /// Exit to System Call at nnn\n    SYS(u16),\n    /// 00E0\n    /// Clear the display.\n    CLS,\n    /// 00EE\n    /// Return from a subroutine.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter sets the program counter to the address at the top of the stack,\n    /// then subtracts 1 from the stack pointer.\n    RET,\n    /// 1nnn\n    /// Jump to location nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter sets the program counter to nnn.\n    JPA(u16),\n    /// 2nnn\n    /// Call subroutine at nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter increments the stack pointer, then puts the current PC on the top\n    /// of the stack. The PC is then set to nnn.\n    CALL(u16),\n    /// 0x3xkk\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are equal, increments the\n    /// program counter by 2.\n    SEX(u8, u8),\n    /// 4xkk\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx != kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are not equal, increments\n    /// the program counter by 2.\n    SNEB(u8, u8),\n    /// 5xy0\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx = Vy.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to register Vy, and if they are equal, increments\n    /// the program counter by 2.\n    SEY(u8, u8),\n    /// 6xkk\n    /// Set Vx = kk\n    LDR(u8, u8),\n    /// 7xkk\n    /// The interpreter puts the value kk into register Vx.\n    ADD(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy0\n    /// Adds the value kk to the value of register Vx, then stores the result in Vx.\n    LDR_Y(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy1\n    /// Stores the value of register Vy in register Vx.\n    OR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy2\n    /// Set Vx = Vx OR Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise OR on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the result in Vx.\n    /// A bitwise OR compares the corrseponding bits from two values, and if either\n    /// bit is 1, then the same bit in the result is also 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    AND(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy3\n    /// Set Vx = Vx AND Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise AND on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the result in Vx.\n    /// A bitwise AND compares the corrseponding bits from two values, and if both bits\n    /// are 1, then the same bit in the result is also 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    ORY(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy4\n    /// Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise exclusive OR on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the\n    /// result in Vx. An exclusive OR compares the corrseponding bits from two values,\n    /// and if the bits are not both the same, then the corresponding bit in the result\n    /// is set to 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    ADDR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy5\n    /// Set Vx = Vx + Vy, set VF = carry.\n    ///\n    /// The values of Vx and Vy are added together. If the result is greater than 8 bits\n    /// (i.e., \u003e 255,) VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Only the lowest 8 bits of the result\n    /// are kept, and stored in Vx.\n    SUB(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy6\n    /// Set Vx = Vx - Vy, set VF = NOT borrow.\n    ///\n    /// If Vx \u003e Vy, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vy is subtracted from Vx, and the\n    /// results stored in Vx.\n    SHR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy7\n    /// If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx\n    /// is divided by 2.\n    SUBC(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xye\n    /// Set Vx = Vy - Vx, set VF = NOT borrow.\n    //\n    /// If Vy \u003e Vx, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is subtracted from Vy, and the\n    /// results stored in Vx.\n    SHL(u8, u8),\n    /// 9xy0\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx != Vy.\n    ///\n    /// The values of Vx and Vy are compared, and if they are not equal, the program\n    /// counter is increased by 2.\n    SNEY(u8, u8),\n    /// Annn\n    /// Set I = nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The value of register I is set to nnn\n    LDIA(u16),\n    /// Bnnn\n    /// Jump to location nnn + V0.\n    ///\n    /// The program counter is set to nnn plus the value of V0.\n    JPI(u16),\n    /// Cxkk\n    /// Set Vx = random byte AND kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter generates a random number from 0 to 255, which is then\n    /// ANDed with the value kk. The results are stored in Vx. See instruction\n    /// 8xy2 for more information on AND.\n    RND(u8, u8),\n    /// Dxyn\n    /// Display n-byte sprite starting at memory location I at (Vx, Vy), set VF = collision.\n    ///\n    /// In Chip-8,\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter reads n bytes from memory, starting at the address stored in I.\n    /// These bytes are then displayed as sprites on screen at coordinates (Vx, Vy).\n    /// Sprites are XORed onto the existing screen. If this causes any pixels to be erased,\n    /// VF is set to 1, otherwise it is set to 0. If the sprite is positioned so part of\n    /// it is outside the coordinates of the display, it wraps around to the opposite side\n    /// of the screen. See instruction 8xy3 for more information on XOR, and section 2.4,\n    /// Display, for more information on the Chip-8 screen and sprites.\n    ///\n    /// In SCHIP\n    ///\n    /// Show N-byte sprite from M(I) at Coords (VX,VY) VF = Collision.\n    /// If N=0 AND ExtendedMode, 16x16 sprite\n    DRW(u8, u8, u8),\n    /// Ex9E\n    /// Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n    ///\n    /// Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently\n    /// in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n    SKP(u8),\n    /// ExA1\n    /// Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n    ///\n    /// Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in\n    /// the up position, PC is increased by 2.\n    SKNP(u8),\n    /// Fx07\n    /// The value of DT is placed into Vx.\n    LDRD(u8),\n    /// Fx0A\n    /// Wait for a key press, store the value of the key in Vx.\n    ///\n    /// All execution stops until a key is pressed, then the value of that key is stored in Vx.\n    LDRK(u8),\n    /// Fx15\n    /// Set delay timer = Vx.\n    ///\n    /// DT is set equal to the value of Vx.\n    LDD(u8),                   // 0xFx15 Set Delay Timer\n    /// Fx18\n    /// Set sound timer = Vx.\n    ///\n    /// ST is set equal to the value of Vx.\n    LDIS(u8),\n    /// Fx1E - ADD I, Vx\n    /// Set I = I + Vx.\n    ///\n    /// The values of I and Vx are added, and the results are stored in I.\n    ADDI(u8),\n    /// Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n    /// Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n    ///\n    /// The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite\n    /// corresponding to the value of Vx. See section 2.4, Display, for\n    /// more information on the Chip-8 hexadecimal font.\n    LDFX(u8),\n    /// Fx33 - LD B, Vx\n    /// Store BCD representation of Vx in memory locations I, I+1, and I+2.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter takes the decimal value of Vx, and places the hundreds\n    /// digit in memory at location in I, the tens digit at location I+1, and the\n    /// ones digit at location I+2.\n    BCD(u8),\n    /// Fx55 - LD [I], Vx\n    /// Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter copies the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n    /// starting at the address in I.\n    LDIX(u8),\n    /// Fx65 - LD Vx, [I]\n    /// Read registers V0 through Vx from memory starting at location I.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter reads values from memory starting at location I into registers\n    /// V0 through Vx.\n    LDRI(u8),\n    XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n    /* START OF SCHIP-8 */\n    /// 00CN\n    ///\n    /// Scrolll Display N Lines Down\n    SDN(u8),\n    /// 00FB\n    ///\n    /// Scroll 4 lines Right\n    SRT,\n    /// 00FC\n    ///\n    /// Scroll 4 lines Left\n    SLF,\n    /// 00FE\n    ///\n    /// Disable Extended Mode\n    DIS,\n    /// 00FF\n    ///\n    /// Enable Extended Mode\n    ENA,\n    /// 00FD\n    ///\n    /// Exit App\n    EXIT,\n    /// FX30\n    ///\n    /// Point I to 10 yte font sprite for digit VX (0..9)\n    LDF2(u8),\n    /// FX75\n    ///\n    /// Store V0..VX in RPL user flags (X \u003c= 7\n    STR(u8),\n    /// FX85\n    ///\n    /// Load V0..VX from RPL user flags (X \u003c= 7)\n    LIDR(u8),\n}\n\nimpl Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    pub fn name(\u0026self) -\u003e \u0026str {\n        match self {\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(_) =\u003e INST_ADDI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(_, _) =\u003e INST_ADD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(_, _) =\u003e INST_ADDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(_, _) =\u003e INST_AND,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e INST_CLS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(_) =\u003e INST_CALL,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(_, _, _) =\u003e INST_DRW,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT =\u003e INST_EXIT,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(_) =\u003e INST_JPA,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(_) =\u003e INST_JPI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(_) =\u003e INST_BCD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(_) =\u003e INST_LDD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(_) =\u003e INST_LDF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(_) =\u003e INST_LDF2,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(_) =\u003e INST_LDIA,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(_) =\u003e INST_LDIX,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(_) =\u003e INST_LIDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(_) =\u003e INST_LDIS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(_, _) =\u003e INST_LDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(_) =\u003e INST_LDRD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(_) =\u003e INST_LDRI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(_) =\u003e INST_LDRK,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(_, _) =\u003e INST_LDRY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(_, _) =\u003e INST_OR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e INST_RET,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(_, _) =\u003e INST_RND,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(_) =\u003e INST_SDN,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF =\u003e INST_SLF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT =\u003e INST_SRT,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(_, _) =\u003e INST_SEX,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(_, _) =\u003e INST_SEY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(_, _) =\u003e INST_SHL,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(_, _) =\u003e INST_SHR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(_) =\u003e INST_SKP,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(_, _) =\u003e INST_SNEB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(_, _) =\u003e INST_SNEY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(_) =\u003e INST_SNKP,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(x) =\u003e INST_STR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(_, _) =\u003e INST_SUB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(_, _) =\u003e INST_SUBC,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(_) =\u003e INST_SYS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS =\u003e INST_DIS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA =\u003e INST_ENA,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(_, _) =\u003e INST_ORY,\n            XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e \"XX ERROR XX\",\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn operands(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        match self {\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(addr) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(addr) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(addr) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{addr:04x}\")\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(x, byte) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(x, byte) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(x, byte) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x, byte) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}, 0x{byte:02x}\")\n            }\n            // Reg, Reg\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:01x}, 0x{y:01x}\")\n            }\n            // Reg, Reg, Nibble\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x, y, nibble) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}, 0x{y:02x}, 0x{nibble:02x}\")\n            }\n            // Registers.  0-F\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}\")\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e {\n                String::new()\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Display for Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    fn fmt(\u0026self, f: \u0026mut Formatter\u003c'_\u003e) -\u003e std::fmt::Result {\n        let ops = self.operands();\n        let space = if ops.is_empty() { \"\" } else { \" \" };\n        write!(f, \"{}{}{}\", self.name(), space, ops)\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    pub fn from_str(input: \u0026str) -\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions {\n        let mut parts = input.split(\" \");\n      //  print!(\"THERE ARE {} PARTS\", parts.clone().count());\n        let first_part = parts.next().unwrap_or(\"\");\n        // take the next value...\n        // ...strip off the extra...\n        // ...convert it to an integer from base 16\n        let param1 = u16::from_str_radix(parts.next().unwrap_or(\"0\").trim_start_matches(\"0x\").trim_end_matches(\",\"), 16).unwrap_or(0);\n        let param2 = u16::from_str_radix(parts.next().unwrap_or(\"0\").trim_start_matches(\"0x\").trim_end_matches(\",\"), 16).unwrap_or(0);\n        let param3 = u16::from_str_radix(parts.next().unwrap_or(\"0\").trim_start_matches(\"0x\").trim_end_matches(\",\"), 16).unwrap_or(0);\n      //  println!(\"\\tFirst part is {:?} / {:?} / {:?} / {:?}\", first_part, param1 ,param2 ,param3);\n        match first_part {\n            INST_CLS =\u003e {\n                CLS\n            }\n            INST_DRW =\u003e {\n                DRW(param1 as u8, param2 as u8, param3 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_ADD =\u003e {\n                ADD(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_CALL =\u003e {\n                CALL(param1)\n            }\n            INST_SYS =\u003e {\n                SYS(param1)\n            }\n            INST_RET =\u003e {\n                RET\n            }\n            INST_JPA =\u003e {\n                JPA(param1)\n            }\n            INST_JPI =\u003e {\n                JPI(param1)\n            }\n            INST_SEX =\u003e {\n                SEX(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SNEB =\u003e {\n                SNEB(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SDN =\u003e {\n                SDN(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SRT =\u003e {\n                SRT\n            }\n            INST_SLF =\u003e {\n                SLF\n            }\n            INST_EXIT =\u003e {\n                EXIT\n            }\n            INST_DIS =\u003e {\n                DIS\n            }\n            INST_ENA =\u003e {\n                ENA\n            }\n            INST_SEY =\u003e {\n                SEY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDRY =\u003e {\n                LDR_Y(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDR =\u003e {\n                LDR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_OR =\u003e {\n                OR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_AND =\u003e {\n                AND(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_ORY =\u003e {\n                ORY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_ADDR =\u003e {\n                ADDR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SUB =\u003e {\n                SUB(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SHR =\u003e {\n                SHR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SHL =\u003e {\n                SHL(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SUBC =\u003e {\n                SUBC(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SNEY =\u003e {\n                SNEY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDIA =\u003e {\n                LDIA(param1)\n            }\n            INST_RND =\u003e {\n                RND(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_DRW =\u003e {\n                DRW(param1 as u8, param2 as u8, param3 as u8)\n            }\n            _ =\u003e {\n                XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n            }\n        }\n        //\n        // match input.to_uppercase().as_str() {\n        //     INST_ADDI =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(parts.nth(1)),\n        //     INST_ADD =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(parts[1], parts[2]),\n        //     INST_ADDR =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(parts[1], parts[2]),\n        //     _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n        // }\n    }\n\n    pub fn encode(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        match self {\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(target) =\u003e 0x0000 | (target \u0026 0x0FFF) as u16,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e 0x00E0,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e 0x00EE,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(new_addr) =\u003e 0x1000 | (new_addr \u0026 0x0FFF) as u16,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(address) =\u003e 0x2000 | (address \u0026 0x0FFF) as u16,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(vx_register, byte) =\u003e 0x3000 | ((*vx_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(vx_register, byte) =\u003e 0x4000 | ((*vx_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x5000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(x_register, byte) =\u003e 0x6000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(x_register, byte) =\u003e 0x7000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8001 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8002 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8003 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8004 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8005 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8006 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8007 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x800E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x9000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr) =\u003e 0xA000 | addr,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr) =\u003e 0xB000 | addr,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x_register, byte) =\u003e 0xC000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, height) =\u003e {\n                0xD000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4) | (*height as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x_register) =\u003e 0xE09E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x_register) =\u003e 0xE0A1 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF007 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x_register) =\u003e 0xF00A | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF015 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(x_register) =\u003e 0xF018 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x_register) =\u003e 0xF01E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x_register) =\u003e 0xF029 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF033 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x_register) =\u003e 0xF055 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(x_register) =\u003e 0xF065 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(x_register) =\u003e 0x00C0 | (*x_register as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT =\u003e 0x00FB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF =\u003e 0x00FC,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS =\u003e 0x00FE,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA =\u003e 0x00FF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT =\u003e 0x00FD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(x_register) =\u003e 0xF030 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(x_register) =\u003e 0xF075 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(x_register) =\u003e 0xF085 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e 0xFFFF\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn decode(input: u16) -\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions {\n        let x_param = InstructionUtil::read_x_from_instruction(input);\n        let y_param = InstructionUtil::read_y_from_instruction(input);\n        let addr_param = InstructionUtil::read_addr_from_instruction(input);\n        let byte_param = InstructionUtil::read_byte_from_instruction(input);\n        let nibble_param = InstructionUtil::read_nibble_from_instruction(input);\n        let ubln = InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(input);\n        let last_byte = (input \u0026 0xFF) as u8;\n        let last_nibble = (input \u0026 0xF) as u8;\n\n        match input {\n            0x00C0..=0x00CF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(last_nibble),\n            0x00E0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS,\n            0x00EE =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::RET,\n            0x00FB =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT,\n            0x00FC =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF,\n            0x00FD =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT,\n            0x00FE =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS,\n            0x00FF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA,\n            0x0000..=0x0FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(addr_param),\n            0x1000..=0x1FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(addr_param),\n            0x2000..=0x2FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(addr_param),\n            0x3000..=0x3FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x4000..=0x4FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x5000..=0x5FF0 if input \u0026 0x01 == 0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(x_param, y_param),\n            0x6000..=0x6FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x7000..=0x7FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x8000..=0x8FFE =\u003e match last_nibble {\n                0x0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(x_param, y_param),\n                0x1 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x2 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x_param, y_param),\n                0x3 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x_param, y_param),\n                0x4 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x5 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x_param, y_param),\n                0x6 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x7 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x_param, y_param),\n                0xE =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x_param, y_param),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n            }\n            0x9000..=0x9FF0 if input \u0026 0x01 == 0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x_param, y_param),\n            0xA000..=0xAFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr_param),\n            0xB000..=0xBFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr_param),\n            0xC000..=0xCFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x_param, byte_param),\n            0xD000..=0xDFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_param, y_param, nibble_param),\n            0xE09E..=0xEFA1 =\u003e match last_byte {\n                0x9E =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(ubln),\n                0xA1 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(ubln),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n            }\n            0xF007..=0xFF65 =\u003e match last_byte {\n                0x07 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(ubln),\n                0x0A =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(ubln),\n                0x15 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(ubln),\n                0x18 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(ubln),\n                0x1E =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(ubln),\n                0x29 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(ubln),\n                0x30 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(ubln),\n                0x33 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(ubln),\n                0x55 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(ubln),\n                0x65 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(ubln),\n                0x75 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(ubln),\n                0x85 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(ubln),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n            }\n            _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn execute(\u0026self, input: \u0026mut Chip8Computer) -\u003e Chip8Computer {\n        //        print!(\"INSTRUCTION {}\", self);\n        let start_time = Instant::now();\n        let start_pc = input.registers.peek_pc();\n        input.registers.poke_pc(start_pc + 2);\n        let _ = match self {\n            // 0x0nnn Exit to System Call\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(new_address) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address as u16);\n            }\n            // * 0x00E0 Clear Screen\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e {\n                input.video_memory.cls();\n            }\n            // 0x00EE Return from Subroutine\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(input.stack.pop());\n            }\n            // 0x1nnn Jump to Address\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(new_address) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address as u16);\n            }\n            // 0x2nnn Call Subroutine\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(new_address) =\u003e {\n                let return_address = input.registers.peek_pc();\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address as u16);\n                input.stack.push(\u0026return_address);\n            }\n            // 0x3xkk Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                if input.registers.peek(*vx_register as u8) == *byte as u8 {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x4xkk Skip next instruction if Vx != kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                // 4xkk - SNE Vx, byte\n                // Skip next instruction if Vx != kk.\n                //\n                // The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are not equal,\n                // increments the program counter by 2.\n                if input.registers.peek(*x) != *byte {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x5xy0 Skip next instruction if Vx == Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                if input.registers.peek(*x as u8) == input.registers.peek(*y as u8) {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x6xkk Set Vx = kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(register, byte) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(*register, *byte);\n            }\n            // 0x7xkk Set Vx = Vx + kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(*vx_register, (input.registers.peek(*vx_register) as u16 + *byte as u16) as u8);\n            }\n            // 0x8xy0 Set value of Vy in Vx\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(x, y) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, input.registers.peek(*y as u8));\n            }\n            // 0x8xy1 Set Vx = Vx OR Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // shift them to 16 bit\n                let working_16_x = input.registers.peek(*x as u8) as u16;\n                let working_16_y = input.registers.peek(*y as u8) as u16;\n                // OR them\n                let working_16_or = working_16_x | working_16_y;\n                // shift them back to 8 bit.\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, working_16_or as u8);\n                debug!(\"OrVxVy [0x{x:1x}] [0x{y:1x}]\")\n            }\n            // 0x8xy2 Set Vx = Vx AND Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*x as u8) as u16;\n                let rhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*y as u8) as u16;\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, (lhs_16 \u0026 rhs_16) as u8);\n            }\n            // 0x8xy3 Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*x as u8) as u16;\n                let rhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*y as u8) as u16;\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, (lhs_16 ^ rhs_16) as u8);\n            }\n            // 0x8xy4 Set Vx = Vx + Vy (SET VF on Carry)\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs = input.registers.peek(*x as u8) as i16;\n                let rhs = input.registers.peek(*y as u8) as i16;\n                let working = lhs + rhs;\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, working as u8);\n\n                if working \u003e= 0x100 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0xf, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy5 - SUB Vx, Vy\n                // Set Vx = Vx - Vy, set VF = NOT borrow.\n                //\n                // If Vx \u003e Vy, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vy is subtracted from Vx, and the results stored in Vx.\n\n                let lhs = input.registers.peek(*x);\n                let rhs = input.registers.peek(*y);\n\n                let mut result = 0;\n\n                let borrow_flag: u8 = if rhs \u003e lhs {\n                    result = (lhs as u16 + 0x100) - rhs as u16;\n                    0\n                } else {\n                    result = lhs as u16 - rhs as u16;\n                    1\n                };\n\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, result as u8);\n                input.registers.poke(0x0f, borrow_flag);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x, _) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy6 - SHR Vx {, Vy}\n                // Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n                // SHIFT 1 Bit ----\u003e\n                // If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n                let initial_value = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                // overflow check\n                let rotated = initial_value \u003e\u003e 1;\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, rotated);\n                if initial_value.bitand(0b1) == 1 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy7 - SUBN Vx, Vy\n                // Set Vx = Vy - Vx, set VF = NOT borrow.\n                //\n                // If Vy \u003e Vx, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is subtracted from Vy, and the results stored in Vx.\n                let y_register = input.registers.peek(*y as u8);\n                let x_register = input.registers.peek(*x as u8);\n                let mut value_to_poke = 0;\n\n                let new_value = if y_register \u003c x_register {\n                    value_to_poke = (y_register as u16 + 256) - x_register as u16;\n                    0\n                } else {\n                    value_to_poke = (y_register - x_register) as u16;\n                    1\n                };\n\n                debug!(\"SUB CARRY -\u003e REGISTER 1 = [0x{x:02x}] / [{x_register}] REGISTER 2 = [0x{y:02x}] / [{y_register}] SUB = {value_to_poke} CARRY = {new_value}\");\n\n                input.registers.poke(*x, value_to_poke as u8);\n                input.registers.poke(0xf, new_value);\n            }\n\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x, _) =\u003e {\n                // 8xyE - SHL Vx {, Vy}\n                // Set Vx = Vx SHL 1.\n                //\n                // If the most-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise to 0. Then Vx is multiplied by 2.\n                let initial_value = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                // overflow check\n                let rotated = initial_value \u003c\u003c 1;\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, rotated);\n                if initial_value.bitand(0b10000000) == 0b10000000 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(vx_register, vy_register) =\u003e {\n                // 9xy0 - SNE Vx, Vy\n                // Skip next instruction if Vx != Vy.\n                //\n                // The values of Vx and Vy are compared, and if they are not equal, the program counter is increased by 2.\n\n                let x_reg_value = input.registers.peek(*vx_register as u8);\n                let y_reg_value = input.registers.peek(*vy_register as u8);\n                if x_reg_value != y_reg_value {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(new_index) =\u003e {\n                // Annn - LD I, addr\n                // Set I = nnn.\n                //\n                // The value of register I is set to nnn.\n                //  debug!(\"LdiAddr [0x{new_index:3x}]\");\n                input.registers.poke_i(*new_index);\n            }\n            // 0xBnnn Jump to nnn+V0\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr) =\u003e {\n                // Bnnn - JP V0, addr\n                // Jump to location nnn + V0.\n                //\n                // The program counter is set to nnn plus the value of V0.\n                input.registers.poke_pc(input.registers.peek(0) as u16 + addr);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                // Cxkk - RND Vx, byte\n                // Set Vx = random byte AND kk.\n                //\n                // The interpreter generates a random number from 0 to 255,\n                // which is then ANDed with the value kk.\n                // The results are stored in Vx.\n                let mut rng = rand::thread_rng();\n                let new_value: u8 = rng.random();\n                let and_value: u8 = *byte;\n                let result = new_value \u0026 and_value;\n                debug!(\"RANDOM: [{new_value:02x}] AND: [{and_value:02x} Result: [{result:02x}]\");\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, new_value \u0026 *byte as u8)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(y, x, n) =\u003e {\n                // Display n-byte sprite starting at memory location I at (Vx, Vy), set VF = collision.\n\n                // The interpreter reads n bytes from memory, starting at the address stored in I.\n\n                // These bytes are then displayed as sprites on screen at coordinates (Vx, Vy).\n                // Sprites are XORed onto the existing screen.\n                // If this causes any pixels to be erased, VF is set to 1,\n                //     otherwise it is set to 0.\n                // If the sprite is positioned so part of it is outside the coordinates of the display,\n                //     it wraps around to the opposite side of the screen.\n\n                let source_memory_offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                let x_offset = input.registers.peek(*x) as u16;\n                let y_offset = input.registers.peek(*y) as u16;\n                if input.video_memory.is_highres() {\n                    // if n == 0 we have a 16 row sprite (font maybe)\n                    let actual_num_loops = if *n == 0u8 {\n                        16\n                    } else {\n                        *n\n                    };\n                    for byte_index in 0..actual_num_loops {\n                        let current_byte = input.memory.peek(byte_index as u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let next_byte = input.memory.peek(byte_index as u16 + 1u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let x_offset = (x_offset + byte_index as u16) * 64;\n                        for bit_index in 0..8 {\n                            input.video_memory.poke(x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16), (current_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0);\n                            input.video_memory.poke(x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16) + 8, (current_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0);\n                        }\n                    }\n                } else {\n                    for byte_index in 0..*n {\n                        let current_byte = input.memory.peek(byte_index as u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let x_offset: u16 = (x_offset + byte_index as u16) * 64;\n                        for bit_index in 0..8 {\n                            input.video_memory.poke(x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16), (current_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0);\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n\n                let target = if input.video_memory.has_frame_changed {\n                    1u8\n                } else {\n                    0u8\n                };\n\n                input.registers.poke(0xf, target);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x) =\u003e {\n                // Ex9E - SKP Vx\n                // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n                //\n                // Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n                let key_to_check = input.registers.peek(*x as u8);\n                let is_pressed = input.keypad.pressed(key_to_check);\n                if is_pressed {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x) =\u003e {\n                // ExA1 - SKNP Vx\n                // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n                //\n\n                // Checks the keyboard,\n                // and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the up position,\n                // PC is increased by 2.\n                let target_key = input.registers.peek(*x as u8);\n                let is_pressed = input.keypad.pressed(target_key);\n                debug!(\"SnKpVx [{x:1x}]\");\n                if !is_pressed {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx07 - LD Vx, DT\n                // Set Vx = delay timer value.\n                //\n                // The value of DT is placed into Vx.\n                let value_to_set = input.delay_timer.current();\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, value_to_set as u8);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx0A - LD Vx, K\n                // Wait for a key press, store the value of the key in Vx.\n                //\n                // All execution stops until a key is pressed, then the value of that key is stored in Vx.\n                input.state = WaitingForKey;\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(source_register) =\u003e {\n                // Fx15 - LD DT, Vx\n                // Set delay timer = Vx.\n                //\n                // DT is set equal to the value of Vx.\n                let new_time = input.registers.peek(*source_register as u8);\n                input.delay_timer.set_timer(new_time);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(new_time) =\u003e {\n                let new_value = input.registers.peek(*new_time as u8);\n                input.sound_timer.set_timer(new_value as i32);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx1E - ADD I, Vx\n                // Set I = I + Vx.\n                //\n                // The values of I and Vx are added, and the results are stored in I.\n                let base = input.registers.peek_i();\n                let x_value = input.registers.peek(*x as u8);\n                input.registers.poke_i(base + x_value as u16);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n                // Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n                //\n                // The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite corresponding\n                // to the value of Vx. See section 2.4, Display, for more information on\n                // the Chip-8 hexadecimal font.\n\n                let x_value: u8 = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                let real_offset = x_value as u16 * 5;\n                input.registers.poke_i(real_offset as u16);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx33 - LD B, Vx\n                // Store BCD representation of Vx in memory locations I, I+1, and I+2.\n                //\n                // The interpreter takes the decimal value of Vx, and places the hundreds\n                // digit in memory at location in I, the tens digit at location I+1,\n                // and the ones digit at location I+2.\n\n                let to_convert = input.registers.peek(*x as u8);\n\n                // how many hundreds\n                let hundreds = to_convert / 100;\n                // how many tens, minus the hundreds\n                let tens = (to_convert / 10) - (hundreds * 10);\n                // whats the leftover when dividing by 10\n                let units = to_convert % 10;\n\n                // Convert to BCD\n                let result = ((hundreds as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | units as u16 | ((tens as u16) \u003c\u003c 4) | units as u16;\n                // write them to the memory pointed to by I, I+1, and I+2\n                let target_start_offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset, hundreds);\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset + 1, tens);\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset + 2, units);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x) =\u003e {\n                // Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n                //\n                // The interpreter copies the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n                // starting at the address in I.\n                let offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                for i in 0..=*x {\n                    input.memory.poke(offset + i as u16, input.registers.peek(i as u8));\n                }\n                input.registers.poke_i(offset + 1);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(x) =\u003e {\n                // Read registers V0 through Vx from memory starting at location I.\n                //\n                // The interpreter reads values from memory starting at location I into registers V0 through Vx.\n                let offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                debug!(\"STARTING TO READ AT {offset:03x}\");\n                let num_loops = x + 1;\n                debug!(\"WILL READ {num_loops:x} BYTES\");\n                for index in 0..num_loops {\n                    let src_value = input.memory.peek(index as u16 + offset);\n                    input.registers.poke(index as u8, src_value);\n                    debug!(\"POKING Register 0x{index:02x} with 0x{src_value:04x} using offset 0x{offset:04x}\");\n                }\n                input.registers.poke_i(offset + 1);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e {}\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(x) =\u003e {\n                input.video_memory.scroll_down(*x as i32);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT =\u003e {\n                input.video_memory.scroll_right();\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF =\u003e {\n                input.video_memory.scroll_left();\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS =\u003e {\n                input.video_memory.set_lowres();\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA =\u003e {\n                input.video_memory.set_highres();\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT =\u003e {\n                println!(\"EXIT INTERPRETER\");\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(x) =\u003e {\n                println!(\"POINTING TO FONT AT {x:02x}\");\n             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Clone)]\npub enum QuirkMode {\n    #[default]\n    Chip8,\n    SChipLegacy,\n    XOChip,\n    SChipModern\n}\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","registers.rs"],"content":"/// Registers.  numbered 1-16 publicly.\n/// Privately using zero base array so -1 to shift from pub to priv.\n#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub struct Chip8Registers {\n    pub registers: [u8; 16],\n    pub i_register: u16,\n    pub pc: u16,\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Registers {\n    pub fn advance_pc(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.pc += 2;\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8Registers {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Registers {\n            registers: [0x00; 16],\n            i_register: 0x00,\n            pc: 0x200,\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Registers {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.registers = [0x00; 16];\n        self.i_register = 0x00;\n        self.pc = 0x200;\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_pc(\u0026mut self, new_pc: u16) {\n        self.pc = new_pc\n    }\n    pub fn peek_i(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        self.i_register\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_i(\u0026mut self, new_value: u16) {\n        self.i_register = new_value;\n    }\n    pub fn peek(\u0026self, register_number: u8) -\u003e u8 {\n        self.registers[register_number as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke(\u0026mut self, register_number: u8, value: u8) {\n        if register_number \u003e 0xf {\n            panic!(\"INVALID REGISTER\");\n        }\n        self.registers[register_number as usize] = value;\n    }\n\n    pub fn peek_pc(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        self.pc\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_pc(\u0026mut self, new_pc: u16) {\n        self.pc = new_pc\n    }\n\n    pub fn format_as_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        format!(\"Vx: 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x}\\n    0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x}\\nI: 0x{:04x}\\tPC: 0x{:04x}\",\n                self.registers[0x0],\n                self.registers[0x1],\n                self.registers[0x2],\n                self.registers[0x3],\n                self.registers[0x4],\n                self.registers[0x5],\n                self.registers[0x6],\n                self.registers[0x7],\n                self.registers[0x8],\n                self.registers[0x9],\n                self.registers[0xa],\n                self.registers[0xb],\n                self.registers[0xc],\n                self.registers[0xd],\n                self.registers[0xe],\n                self.registers[0xf],\n                self.i_register,\n                self.pc\n        )\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[626912],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":12,"address":[292749,292787],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":17,"address":[42086528],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":19,"address":[717454],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":27,"address":[42086608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":28,"address":[822286],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":29,"address":[822303],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":30,"address":[42086645],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":33,"address":[717568],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":34,"address":[822333],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":36,"address":[1139616],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":37,"address":[42086693],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":40,"address":[1139632],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":41,"address":[42086717],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":43,"address":[717648],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":44,"address":[822421,822458],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":47,"address":[822480],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":48,"address":[293139],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":49,"address":[627339],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":51,"address":[627413,627323,627400],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":54,"address":[717888],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":55,"address":[627445],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":58,"address":[627456],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":59,"address":[3515469],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":62,"address":[42087024],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":63,"address":[3521236,3515893,3515800,3515986,3516265,3521004,3521468,3516451,3519844,3517988,3518220,3516172,3518916,3517102,3520308,3517009,3516730,3516544,3519612,3516916,3518684,3516358,3520076,3515707,3516079,3517192,3518452,3520540,3515614,3521700,3516637,3520772,3519148,3519380,3516823,3521932],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":62}}],"covered":26,"coverable":26},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","sound_timer.rs"],"content":"use log::trace;\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub struct SoundTimer {\n    counter: i32\n}\n\nimpl SoundTimer {\n    pub fn current(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        self.counter\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        SoundTimer {\n            counter: 0\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn set_timer(\u0026mut self, new_value: i32) {\n        trace!(\"SETTING SOUND TIMER TO {new_value}\");\n        self.counter = new_value\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        trace!(\"TICKING SOUND FROM {} to {}\", self.counter, self.counter - 1);\n        if self.counter \u003e 0 {\n            self.counter -= 1;\n            /*\n            todo: this breaks tests.  maybe its wrong?\n            if let good_thread = thread::spawn(|| {\n                beep(440).expect(\"Unable to beep\");\n                thread::sleep(time::Duration::from_millis(500));\n            }).join().unwrap().\n             */\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.counter = 0x00;\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":9,"address":[385312],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":10,"address":[625877],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":17,"address":[821104],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":18,"address":[3555216,3555016,3555094],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":19,"address":[42131100],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":22,"address":[1183328],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":23,"address":[1183426,1183541,1183348,1183679],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":24,"address":[626328,626852],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":25,"address":[822028,822054],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":36,"address":[386320],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":37,"address":[3555973],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}}],"covered":11,"coverable":11},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","stack.rs"],"content":"#[derive(Clone)]\npub struct Chip8Stack {\n    items: Vec\u003cu16\u003e\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8Stack {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Stack  {\n            items: vec![],\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Stack {\n    pub fn push(\u0026mut self, new_value: \u0026u16) {\n        if self.depth() == 16 {\n           // println!(\"Deep deep stack?\");\n           panic!(\"Stack Overflow\");\n        }\n        self.items.push(*new_value );\n    }\n    pub fn pop(\u0026mut self) -\u003e u16 {\n        if self.items.is_empty() {\n            panic!(\"Stack Underflow\");\n        }\n        self.items.pop().unwrap()\n    }\n    pub fn depth(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        self.items.len() as u16\n    }\n\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Stack {\n            items: vec![]\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.items = vec![]\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":7,"address":[792720],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":9,"address":[809453],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":15,"address":[809504],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":16,"address":[1174008],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":18,"address":[307363],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":20,"address":[42122187],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":22,"address":[1174096],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":23,"address":[42122222],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":24,"address":[3569303],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":26,"address":[1174125],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":28,"address":[42122352],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":29,"address":[793045],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":32,"address":[42122368],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":34,"address":[42122381],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":38,"address":[809840,809903],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":39,"address":[3569533,3569453],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}}],"covered":16,"coverable":16},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","system_memory.rs"],"content":"use log::{trace};\n\nuse crate::constants::*;\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub struct Chip8SystemMemory {\n    memory: [u8; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize],\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8SystemMemory {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n\n        let mut x = Chip8SystemMemory {\n            memory: [0x00; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize],\n        };\n\n        x.load_fonts_to_memory();\n        x.load_schip_fonts_to_memory();\n        x\n    }\n}\nimpl Chip8SystemMemory {\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self){\n        self.memory = [0x00; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize];\n        self.load_fonts_to_memory();\n        self.load_schip_fonts_to_memory();\n    }\n    \n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8SystemMemory {\n            memory: [0x00; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize],\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn peek(\u0026self, address: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        trace!(\"PEEK: {} / {}\", address, self.memory[address as usize].clone());\n        self.memory[address as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke(\u0026mut self, address: u16, value: u8)  {\n        trace!(\"POKE: {} / {} to {}\", address, self.memory[address as usize], value);\n        self.memory[address as usize] = value;\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_program(\u0026mut self, program_to_load: Box\u003cVec\u003cu8\u003e\u003e) {\n        for load_index in 0..program_to_load.len() {\n            self.poke((load_index + 0x200) as u16, program_to_load[load_index]);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_fonts_to_memory(\u0026mut self) {\n        let all_font_characters = [\n            CHIP8FONT_0,\n            CHIP8FONT_1,\n            CHIP8FONT_2,\n            CHIP8FONT_3,\n            CHIP8FONT_4,\n            CHIP8FONT_5,\n            CHIP8FONT_6,\n            CHIP8FONT_7,\n            CHIP8FONT_8,\n            CHIP8FONT_9,\n            CHIP8FONT_A,\n            CHIP8FONT_B,\n            CHIP8FONT_C,\n            CHIP8FONT_D,\n            CHIP8FONT_E,\n            CHIP8FONT_F,\n        ];\n\n        for (font_index, current_font) in all_font_characters.iter().enumerate() {\n            for font_mem_offset in 0..=4 {\n                let real_offset = font_index * 5 + font_mem_offset;\n                self.poke(real_offset as u16, current_font[font_mem_offset]);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_schip_fonts_to_memory(\u0026mut self) {\n        let all_font_characters = [\n            SCHIPFONT_0, SCHIPFONT_1, SCHIPFONT_2, SCHIPFONT_3,\n            SCHIPFONT_4, SCHIPFONT_5, SCHIPFONT_6, SCHIPFONT_7,\n            SCHIPFONT_8, SCHIPFONT_9, SCHIPFONT_A, SCHIPFONT_B,\n            SCHIPFONT_C, SCHIPFONT_D, SCHIPFONT_E, SCHIPFONT_F\n        ];\n        for (font_index, current_font) in all_font_characters.iter().enumerate() {\n            let base_offset = 0x100;\n            for font_mem_offset in 0..=4 {\n                let real_offset = base_offset + font_index * 0x10 + font_mem_offset;\n                self.poke(real_offset as u16, current_font[font_mem_offset]);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[1149456],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":8}},{"line":14,"address":[42097148],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":17,"address":[322647],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":8}},{"line":18,"address":[835970],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":19,"address":[640178],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":24,"address":[42097248],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":25,"address":[836030],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":26,"address":[42097279],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":27,"address":[836058],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":30,"address":[729168],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[836109],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[640352],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":37,"address":[729276,729490,729362,729642],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":38,"address":[729876,729307,729860],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":41,"address":[729904],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":8}},{"line":42,"address":[1150434,1150520,1150870,1150648],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":43,"address":[1151120,1150465,1151140],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":14}},{"line":46,"address":[324272,324588],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[837606,837791,837673],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[42099041],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[731040],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":53,"address":[324644],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":72,"address":[1151897,1152067],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":15}},{"line":73,"address":[838525],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":74,"address":[325355,325445],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":75,"address":[325437,325481],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":80,"address":[3527680],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":81,"address":[838893],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":87,"address":[732923,733093],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":13}},{"line":88,"address":[1152460],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":89,"address":[3528863],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":90,"address":[3529027,3529156],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":8}},{"line":91,"address":[3529148,3529192],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}}],"covered":28,"coverable":33},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","util.rs"],"content":"pub struct InstructionUtil {}\n\nimpl InstructionUtil {\n    pub fn byte_to_bools(to_convert: u8) -\u003e [bool; 8] {\n        let mut return_values = [false; 8];\n        for i in 0..8 {\n            let new_value = to_convert \u003e\u003e i \u0026 0x1 == 1;\n            return_values[i as usize] = new_value;\n        }\n        return_values\n    }\n\n    pub fn bools_to_byte(to_convert: [bool; 8]) -\u003e u8 {\n        let mut return_value = 0u8;\n        for i in 0..to_convert.len() {\n            let new_bit = 0x1 \u003c\u003c i;\n            if to_convert[i] {\n                return_value = return_value | new_bit\n            }\n        }\n        return_value\n    }\n\n    pub fn split_bytes(to_split: u16) -\u003e (u8, u8) {\n        let high = to_split.rotate_left(8) as u8;\n        let low = (to_split \u0026 0xff) as u8;\n\n        (high, low)\n    }\n\n    pub fn join_bytes(high: u8, low: u8) -\u003e u16 {\n        let result = (high as u16) \u003c\u003c 8 | low as u16;\n        result\n    }\n\n    // nnn or addr - A 12-bit value, the lowest 12 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_addr_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u16 {\n        instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x0FFF\n    }\n\n    // n or nibble - A 4-bit value, the lowest 4 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_nibble_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n       ( instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x000F )as u8\n    }\n\n    // x - A 4-bit value, the lower 4 bits of the high byte of the instruction\n    pub fn read_x_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x0F00).rotate_right(8) as u8\n    }\n\n    // y - A 4-bit value, the upper 4 bits of the low byte of the instruction\n    pub fn read_y_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x00F0).rotate_right(4) as u8\n    }\n\n    // kk or byte - An 8-bit value, the lowest 8 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_byte_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x00FF) as u8\n    }\n\n    pub fn read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        ((to_read_from \u0026 0x0f00) \u003e\u003e 8) as u8\n    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log::{debug};\nuse crate::chip8::util::InstructionUtil;\nuse crate::chip8::video::Chip8VideoModes::{HighRes, LowRes};\nuse crate::constants::{CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT, CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY, CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT, SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH};\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\nenum Chip8VideoModes {\n    LowRes,\n    HighRes,\n}\n\n#[derive(Clone)]\npub struct Chip8Video {\n    memory: Vec\u003cbool\u003e,\n    pub has_frame_changed: bool,\n    current_res: Chip8VideoModes,\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Video {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.cls();\n        self.start_frame();\n    }\n\n    pub fn is_highres(\u0026self) -\u003e bool {\n        matches!(self.current_res, HighRes)\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_highres(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.current_res = HighRes;\n        self.cls();\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_lowres(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.current_res = LowRes\n    }\n\n    pub fn get_screen_resolution(\u0026mut self) -\u003e Chip8VideoModes {\n        self.current_res\n    }\n\n    pub fn cls(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.memory.clear();\n        let num_loops = match self.current_res {\n            LowRes =\u003e {\n                CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY\n            }\n            HighRes =\u003e {\n                SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY\n            }\n        };\n        for i in 0..num_loops {\n            self.memory.push(false);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn start_frame(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.has_frame_changed = false;\n    }\n\n    pub fn new(initial_configuration: Box\u003cVec\u003cbool\u003e\u003e) -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            memory: *initial_configuration,\n            has_frame_changed: false,\n            current_res: Chip8VideoModes::LowRes,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn peek(\u0026self, address: u16) -\u003e bool {\n        let loop_value: u16 = if self.is_highres() {\n            SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY as u16\n        } else {\n            CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY as u16\n        };\n        let effective_address = if address \u003e= loop_value {\n            address % loop_value\n        } else { address };\n        self.memory[effective_address as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke(\u0026mut self, address: u16, new_value: bool) {\n        let loop_value: u16 = self.get_memory_size() as u16;\n        // Loop the address\n        let effective_address = address % loop_value;\n\n        let old_value = self.memory[effective_address as usize];\n        let xored_value = new_value ^ old_value;       // XOR of the video\n        // if the frame has already changed we dont care if it changed again.\n        if !self.has_frame_changed {\n            if old_value != xored_value {\n                self.has_frame_changed = true\n            };\n        }\n\n        //     println!(\"VIDEO POKE COMPLETE WITH {effective_address} SET TO {xored_value}\");\n        self.memory[effective_address as usize] = xored_value;\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_byte(\u0026mut self, first_address: u16, to_write: u8) {\n        for i in (0..8).rev() {\n            self.poke(first_address + (7 - i), (to_write \u0026 (1 \u003c\u003c i)) != 0);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_2byte(\u0026mut self, first_address: u16, to_write: [u8; 2]) {\n        for (idx, _) in to_write.iter().enumerate() {\n            for i in (0..8).rev() {\n                self.poke(first_address + (idx * 8) as u16 + (7 - i), (to_write[idx] \u0026 (1 \u003c\u003c i)) != 0);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn format_as_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        println!(\"FORMATTING {width}x{height}\");\n        let mut output = String::new();\n        for row in 0..height {\n            for column in 0..width {\n                let data_offset = row * width + column;\n                debug!(\"Rendering {data_offset} with value {}\", self.memory[data_offset as usize]);\n                if self.memory[data_offset as usize] {\n                    output += \"*\"\n                } else {\n                    output += \" \"\n                }\n            }\n            output += \"\\n\";\n        }\n        output\n    }\n\n    pub fn get_resolution(\u0026self) -\u003e (i32, i32) {\n        if self.is_highres() {\n            (SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n        } else {\n            (CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n        }\n    }\n    fn get_memory_size(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        width * height\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.has_frame_changed = false;\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_right(\u0026mut self) {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n\n        for current_row in 0..height {\n            let row_offset: usize = (current_row * width) as usize;\n            for current_column in (0..(width - 4)).rev() {\n                let source_address = row_offset + current_column as usize;\n                let target_address = source_address + 4;\n                self.memory[target_address] = self.memory[source_address];\n            }\n            self.memory[row_offset..row_offset + 4].fill(false);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_left(\u0026mut self) {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n\n        for current_row in 0..height {\n            let row_offset = current_row * width;\n            for current_column in (0..width - 4) {\n                let source: usize = (row_offset + current_column) as usize;\n                let target: usize = source + 4;\n                self.memory[target] = self.memory[source];\n            }\n\n            let clear_start: usize = (row_offset + width - 4) as usize;\n            let clear_end: usize = clear_start + 4;\n\n            self.memory[clear_start..clear_end].fill(false);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_down(\u0026mut self, how_far: i32) {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        let row_shift = how_far * width;\n\n        let max_source_row = height - how_far;\n        for current_source_row in (0..max_source_row).rev() {\n            let current_source_offset = current_source_row * width;\n            for current_source_column in (0..width) {\n                let base_offset: usize = (current_source_offset + current_source_column) as usize;\n                let extended_offset: usize = base_offset + row_shift as usize;\n                self.memory[extended_offset] = self.memory[base_offset];\n            };\n        }\n\n        // Clear the new top rows after shifting\n        let clear_end = (how_far * width) as usize;\n        self.memory[0..clear_end].fill(false);\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8Video {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        let mut mem = vec![];\n        for _ in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY { mem.push(false); }\n        Chip8Video { memory: mem, has_frame_changed: false, current_res: Chip8VideoModes::LowRes }\n    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const CHIP8_REGISTER_COUNT: i32 = 16;\npub const CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE: i32 = 4096i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH: i32 = 64i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT: i32 = 32i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY: usize = (CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT * CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH) as usize;\npub const CHIP8_ROM_SIZE: usize = 512;\n\npub const RESOURCES_ROOT: \u0026str = \"../resources\";\npub const TESTS_ROOT: \u0026str = \"../resources/tests/\";\n\npub const CHIP8_KEYBOARD: [[u8; 4]; 4] = [\n    [0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x0C],\n    [0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x0D],\n    [0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0E],\n    [0x0A, 0x00, 0x0B, 0x0F]\n];\n\npub const SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT: i32 = 64;\npub const SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH: i32 = 128;\npub const SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY: usize = (SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT * SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH) as usize;\n\npub const INST_ADDI: \u0026str = \"ADDI\";\npub const INST_ADD: \u0026str = \"ADD\";\npub const INST_ADDR: \u0026str = \"ADDR\";\npub const INST_AND: \u0026str = \"AND\";\npub const INST_CLS: \u0026str = \"CLS\";\npub const INST_CALL: \u0026str = \"CALL\";\npub const INST_DRW: \u0026str = \"DRW\";\npub const INST_EXIT: \u0026str = \"EXIT\";\npub const INST_JPA: \u0026str = \"JPA\";\npub const INST_JPI: \u0026str = \"JPI\";\npub const INST_BCD: \u0026str = \"BCD\";\npub const INST_LDD: \u0026str = \"LDD\";\npub const INST_LDF: \u0026str = \"LDF\";\npub const INST_LDF2: \u0026str = \"LDF2\";\npub const INST_LDIA: \u0026str = \"LDIA\";\npub const INST_LDIX: \u0026str = \"LDIX\";\npub const INST_LIDR: \u0026str = \"LIDR\";\npub const INST_LDIS: \u0026str = \"LIDS\";\npub const INST_LDR: \u0026str = \"LDR\";\npub const INST_LDRD: \u0026str = \"LDRD\";\npub const INST_LDRI: \u0026str = \"LDRI\";\npub const INST_LDRK: \u0026str = \"LDRK\";\npub const INST_LDRY: \u0026str = \"LDRY\";\npub const INST_OR: \u0026str = \"OR\";\npub const INST_RET: \u0026str = \"RET\";\npub const INST_RND: \u0026str = \"RND\";\npub const INST_SDN: \u0026str = \"SDN\";\npub const INST_SRT: \u0026str = \"SRT\";\npub const INST_SLF: \u0026str = \"SLF\";\npub const INST_SEX: \u0026str = \"SEX\";\npub const INST_SEY: \u0026str = \"SEY\";\npub const INST_SHL: \u0026str = \"SHL\";\npub const INST_SHR: \u0026str = \"SHR\";\npub const INST_SKP: \u0026str = \"SKP\";\npub const INST_SNEB: \u0026str = \"SNEB\";\npub const INST_SNEY: \u0026str = \"SNEY\";\npub const INST_SNKP: \u0026str = \"SNKP\";\npub const INST_STR: \u0026str = \"STR\";\npub const INST_SUB: \u0026str = \"SUB\";\npub const INST_SUBC: \u0026str = \"SUBC\";\npub const INST_SYS: \u0026str = \"SYS\";\npub const INST_DIS: \u0026str = \"DIS\";\npub const INST_ENA: \u0026str = \"ENA\";\npub const INST_ORY: \u0026str = \"ORY\";\n\npub const CHIP8_PROGRAM_LOAD_OFFSET: i32 = 0x200;\npub const CHIP8FONT_0: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_1: [u8; 5] = [0x20, 0x60, 0x20, 0x20, 0x70];\npub const CHIP8FONT_2: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_3: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_4: [u8; 5] = [0x90, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x10, 0x10];\npub const CHIP8FONT_5: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_6: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_7: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x40];\npub const CHIP8FONT_8: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_9: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_A: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x90, 0x90];\npub const CHIP8FONT_B: [u8; 5] = [0xE0, 0x90, 0xE0, 0x90, 0xE0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_C: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0x80, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_D: [u8; 5] = [0xE0, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0xE0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_E: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_F: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x80, 0x80];\n\npub const SCHIPFONT_0: [u8; 0x20] = [\n    0x00, 0x00,\n    0x01, 0x80,\n    0x03, 0xc0,\n    0x06, 0x60,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x06, 0x60,\n    0x03, 0xc0,     // 0b0000001111000000\n    0x01, 0x80,     // 0b0000000110000000\n    0x00, 0x00      // 0b0000000000000000\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_1: [u8; 0x20] = [\n    0x00, 0x00,\n    0x03, 0xc0,\n    0x02, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x03, 0xf0,\n    0x00, 0x00\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_2: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC7, 0xC3, 0xC0, 0xE0,\n    0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C, 0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_3: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC7, 0xC3, 0xC0, 0xE0,\n    0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C, 0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_4: [u8; 0x20] = [0xE0, 0xF0, 0xF8, 0xFC, 0xFE, 0xF7, 0xF3, 0xF1,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC0,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_5: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x3F, 0x7F, 0x7F,\n    0x01, 0x01, 0xC1, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_6: [u8; 0x20] = [0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_7: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xE0, 0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C,\n    0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_8: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0x7E, 0xFE, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_9: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0x7F, 0x03, 0x03, 0xC7, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_A: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_B: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFE, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_C: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0x01, 0x01,\n    0x01, 0x01, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_D: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3,\n    0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C, 0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_E: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_F: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","src","lib.rs"],"content":"pub mod chip8 {\n    pub mod video;\n    pub mod sound_timer;\n    pub mod delay_timer;\n    pub mod keypad;\n    pub mod computer;\n    pub mod system_memory;\n    pub mod instructions;\n    pub mod cpu_states;\n    pub mod util;\n    pub mod registers;\n\n    pub mod stack;\n    pub  mod computer_manager;\n    pub mod quirk_modes;\n}\n\npub mod constants;","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","tests","computer_tests.rs"],"content":"use gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::constants::CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY;\n\n#[test]\nfn smoke() { assert!(true) }\n\nfn load_result(to_load: \u0026str) -\u003e String {\n    std::fs::read_to_string(format!(\"../resources/test/{}\", to_load)).unwrap()\n}\n\nfn load_rom(to_load: \u0026str) -\u003e Vec\u003cu8\u003e {\n    std::fs::read(format!(\"../resources/roms/{}\", to_load)).unwrap()\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn reset_clears_video() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        x.video_memory.poke(i as u16, i % 2 == 0);\n    }\n\n    x.reset();\n    x.video_memory.reset();\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level1_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let level_1_rom = load_rom(\"1-chip8-logo.ch8\");\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, (\u0026level_1_rom).into());\n\n    // run for 0x40 cycles\n    while x.num_cycles \u003c 0x40 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_level_1_test.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level2_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // Load the IBM rom and run it.\n    // it takes 39 cycles to get to the end so lets run it 40.\n    let test_rom_to_run = load_rom(\"2-ibm-logo.ch8\");\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, (\u0026test_rom_to_run).into());\n    for _ in 0..40 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    // ...then verify that the current video memory of the chip-8\n    // simulator matches what we expect it to be\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_ibm_rom_output.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level3_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n     x.load_bytes_to_memory(\n         0x200, (\u0026load_rom(\"3-corax+.ch8\")).into()\n     );\n    for i in 0..0x180 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_corax_plus.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn rps_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026load_rom(\"RPS.ch8\").into());\n    for _ in 0..0xF0 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_rps_stage1.asc\"));\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x01);\n    for _ in 0..0x200 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_rps_stage2.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level4_test() {\n    // flags\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026load_rom(\"4-flags.ch8\").into());\n    for _ in 0..0x400 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_flags.asc\"));\n}\n","traces":[{"line":7,"address":[299120],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":8,"address":[299247,299350],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":11,"address":[299568],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":12,"address":[299695,299798],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}}],"covered":4,"coverable":4},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","tests","unit_tests.rs"],"content":"use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet};\nuse log::debug;\nuse rand::random;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::delay_timer::DelayTimer;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA;\nuse gemma::chip8::keypad::Keypad;\nuse gemma::chip8::registers::Chip8Registers;\nuse gemma::chip8::sound_timer::SoundTimer;\nuse gemma::chip8::stack::Chip8Stack;\nuse gemma::chip8::util::InstructionUtil;\nuse gemma::chip8::video::Chip8Video;\nuse gemma::constants::*;\n\nconst TEST_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_DIR: \u0026str = \"/home/tmerritt/Projects/chip8_toy/resources/test/\";\n\nfn read_test_result(suffix: \u0026str) -\u003e String {\n    std::fs::read_to_string(TEST_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_DIR.to_owned() + suffix)\n        .unwrap()\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn smoke() {\n    assert!(true)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn encode_decode_test() {\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS.encode(), 0x00E0);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::RET.encode(), 0x00EE);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x123).encode(), 0x0123);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0x234).encode(), 0x1234);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x345).encode(), 0x2345);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x4, 0x56).encode(), 0x3456);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0xa, 0xbc).encode(), 0x4abc);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0xa, 0xb).encode(), 0x5ab0);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(0xa, 0xff).encode(), 0x6aff);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0xa, 0xbc).encode(), 0x7abc);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(0xa, 0xb).encode(), 0x8ab0);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(0xb, 0xa).encode(), 0x8ba1);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(0xc, 0xd).encode(), 0x8cd2);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(0xd, 0xe).encode(), 0x8de3);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0xe, 0xf).encode(), 0x8ef4);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0xf, 0x0).encode(), 0x8f05);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x0, 0x1).encode(), 0x8016);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2).encode(), 0x8127);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x3, 0x4).encode(), 0x834e);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0xa, 0xb).encode(), 0x9ab0);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x123).encode(), 0xa123);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x234).encode(), 0xb234);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0xa, 0xca).encode(), 0xcaca);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(0xa, 0xb, 0x4).encode(), 0xdab4);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1).encode(), 0xe19e);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x2).encode(), 0xe2a1);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x1).encode(), 0xf107);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x4).encode(), 0xf40a);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x6).encode(), 0xf615);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(0xb).encode(), 0xfb18);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0xd).encode(), 0xfd1e);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0xc).encode(), 0xfc29);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(0xd).encode(), 0xfd33);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(0xe).encode(), 0xfe55);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x3).encode(), 0xf365);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(0x1).encode(), 0x00C1);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF.encode(), 0x00FC);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT.encode(), 0x00FB);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT.encode(), 0x00FD);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA.encode(), 0x00FF);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS.encode(), 0x00FE);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(0).encode(), 0xF030);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(1).encode(), 0xF175);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(1).encode(), 0xF185);\n\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xF175), Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(1)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xF185), Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(1)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00C1u16), Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(0x01)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00FCu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00FBu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00FDu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00FEu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00FFu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xF030u16), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(0)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00E0u16), Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00EEu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::RET));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x0123), Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x123)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x0FFF), Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0xfff)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x1002), Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0x2)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x1FF0), Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0xFF0)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x2002), Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x2)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x3123), Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x1, 0x23)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x4abc), Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0xa, 0xbc)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x5ab0), Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0xa, 0xb)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x6aff), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(0xa, 0xff)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x7abc), Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0xa, 0xbc)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8ab0), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(0xa, 0xb)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8ba1), Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(0xb, 0xa)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8cd2), Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(0xc, 0xd)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8de3), Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(0xd, 0xe)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8ef4), Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0xe, 0xf)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8f05), Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0xf, 0x0)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8016), Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x0, 0x1)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8127), Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x834e), Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x3, 0x4)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x9ab0), Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0xa, 0xb)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xa123), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x123)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xb234), Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x234)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xcaca), Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0xa, 0xca)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xdab4), Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(0xa, 0xb, 0x4)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xe19e), Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xe2a1), Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x2)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xf107), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x1)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xf40a), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x4)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xf615), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x6)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xfb18), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(0xb)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xfd1e), Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0xd)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xfc29), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0xc)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xfd33), Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(0xd)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xfe55), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(0xe)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xf365), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x3)));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn decoder_test_invalid_instructions() {\n    let invalid_to_encode = [\n        0x5ab1, 0x5abf, 0x8ab8, 0x8abd, 0x8abf,\n        0x9ab1, 0x9abf, 0xea9d, 0xea9f, 0xeaa0,\n        0xeaa2, 0xf006, 0xf008\n    ];\n\n    for i in invalid_to_encode {\n        assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(i).encode(), 0xffff);\n        assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(i), Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION));\n    }\n}\n\n/// START OF THE EXECUTION TESTS\n#[test]\nfn instruction_tests() {\n    // 0x0nnn Exit to System Call\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0xFA0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xFA0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x0AF).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x0AF);\n\n    // 0x1nnn Jump to Address\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0xABC).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xABC);\n\n    // 0x6xkk Set Vx = kk\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(1, 0x12).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0x12);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(2, 0x21).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(2), 0x21);\n\n    // 0x3xkk Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n    // The interpreter compares register Vx to kk,\n    // and if they are equal, increments the program counter by 2.\n\n    // test setup: Load value 0x84 into V1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x84);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(1, 0x48).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x84);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(1, 0x84).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    // 0x4xkk Skip next instruction if Vx != kk\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x84);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x84);\n    // skip, compare 0x84 to 0x84\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x84);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x48);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    // 0x8xy0 Set value of Vy in Vx\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x02);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0x02);\n\n    // 0x8xy1 Set Vx = Vx OR Vy\n    //   0b0101 0000 (0x50)\n    // | 0b0000 1010 (0x0A)\n    //   0b0101 1010 (0x5A)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b01010000);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b00001010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b01011010);\n\n    // 0x8xy2 Set Vx = Vx AND Vy\n    //   0b1111 1100 (0xFC)\n    // \u0026 0b1100 1010 (0xCA)\n    //   0b1100 1000 (0xC8)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xFC);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0xCA);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0xC8);\n\n    // 0x8xy3 Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy\n    //   0b1111 1100 (0xFC)\n    // ^ 0b1100 1010 (0xCA)\n    //   0b0011 0110 (0x36)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b11111100);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b11001010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00110110);\n\n    // 0x8xy4 Set Vx = Vx + Vy (SET VF on Carry)\n    //    T1             T2: Judgement Test\n    //   0x01           0xFF\n    // + 0x01           0x01\n    //   0x02 F0        0x00 F1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x00);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x02);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xff);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0);\n\n    /*\n    Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n\n    If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n    */\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b00001000);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b00000000);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);     // 0b0000 0010 (0x02) (Not Set)\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00000100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0);\n\n    x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b00001001);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00000100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x123).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 0x123);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn jp_v0addr_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    /// jump to I + nnn\n    x.registers.poke(0x0, 0xff);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x100).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x1FF);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn cls_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert_eq!(x.video_memory.peek(i as u16), false);\n    }\n    // draw some thing to the video memory\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x01, true);\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x03, true);\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x05, true);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS.execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert_eq!(x.video_memory.peek(i as u16), false);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn skip_next_instruction_ne_text() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x1, 0x0f).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x1, 0xf0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn addivx_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke_i(0xabc);\n    x.registers.poke(0x0, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0x0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 0xacc);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ldstvt_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(0x01).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.sound_timer.current(), 0xf0);\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    assert_eq!(x.sound_timer.current(), 0xed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn rnd_vx_byte_text() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x1, 0x0f).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    let new_value = x.registers.peek(0x1);\n    assert!(new_value \u003c 0x10);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn add_vx_byte_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // set a value in the register\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xab);\n    // add 0x10 to register\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x1, 0x10).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0xbb);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sub_vx_vy_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // load values in 2 registers\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x08);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0x8);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sne_vx_vy_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x00);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ld_dt_vx_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0x10);\n    for i in 0..0x20 {\n        x.delay_timer.tick();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ld_vx_dt_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0xed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn subn_vx_vy_test() {\n    // This instruction subtracts the value in\n    // register Vx from the value in register Vy and stores the result in register Vx.\n    // The subtraction is performed as follows: Vx = Vy - Vx. If Vy is less than Vx,\n    // the result will wrap around (due to the 8-bit nature of the registers).\n    // The carry flag (VF) is set to 1 if there is no borrow (i.e., Vy is greater\n    // than or equal to Vx), and it is set to 0 if there is a borrow.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xa0);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0xab);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // expect the result to be 0x0b\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0x0b);\n    // expect the vf register to be set to 1 as there was overflow\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x1);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xab);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0xa0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // expect the result to be 11110101, -0xB, -11, 245, 0xF5\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0xf5);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x0);\n\n    // 8xyE - SHL Vx {, Vy}\n    // Set Vx = Vx SHL 1.\n    //\n    // If the most-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise to 0. Then Vx is multiplied by 2.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0b00100000);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x1, 0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0b01000000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0b10101010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x1, 0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0b01010100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x1);\n\n    // Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n    // Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n    //\n    // The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite corresponding to the value of Vx. See section 2.4, Display, for more information on the Chip-8 hexadecimal font.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // target_sprite = 2\n    // target_offset = 0x5\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x2);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 10);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x06);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 30);\n\n    // Fx33 - LD B, Vx\n    // Store BCD representation of Vx in memory locations I, I+1, and I+2.\n    //\n    // The interpreter takes the decimal value of Vx, and places the hundreds digit\n    // in memory at location in I, the tens digit at location I+1,\n    // and the ones digit at location I+2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    // load the value 123 (0x7b)\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x7b);\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x500), 0x1);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x501), 0x2);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x502), 0x3);\n\n    // Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n    //\n    // The interpreter copies the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n    // starting at the address in I.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    // Load Registers.\n    let to_load = [0xab, 0xba, 0xca, 0xca, 0xbe, 0xef];\n    for (idx, val) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        x.registers.poke(idx as u8, *val);\n    }\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(to_load.len() as u8).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // Verify the values are in memory from 0x500 to 0x507\n    for (idx, value) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x500 + idx as u16), *value);\n    }\n\n    // Read registers V0 through Vx from memory starting at location I.\n    //\n    // The interpreter reads values from memory starting at location I into registers V0 through Vx.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    let base_offset = 0x500;\n    let to_load = [0xab, 0xba, 0xca, 0xca, 0xbe, 0xef];\n\n    // start by setting values in memory\n    for (idx, memory) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        let target_address = base_offset + idx;\n        let target_value = *memory;\n        x.memory.poke(target_address as u16, target_value);\n    }\n    // where to load from\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n    // how much to load\n    x.registers.poke(0x6, to_load.len() as u8);\n\n    // then copying them values memory to registers\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x6).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // now check that we have the right values in our registers\n    for (idx, value) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(idx as u8), *value);\n    }\n\n    // ExA1 - SKNP Vx\n    // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n    //\n    // Checks the keyboard,\n    // and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the up position,\n    // PC is increased by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x5);\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n    x.keypad.release_key(0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x206);\n\n    // Ex9E - SKP Vx\n    // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n    //\n    // Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x5);\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    x.keypad.release_key(0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x206);\n}\n\nfn draw_nibble_vx_vy_n_test_hd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    let x_register = 0x01;\n    let x_offset = 0x03;\n    let y_register = 0x02;\n    let y_offset = 0x04;\n    let char_offset = 0x100;\n    x.registers.poke(x_register, x_offset);\n    x.registers.poke(y_register, y_offset);\n    x.video_memory.set_highres();\n    x.registers.poke_i(char_offset);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, 0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    println!(\"[[{}]]\", x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"\"), x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn draw_nibble_vx_vy_n_test_sd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let x_register = 0x1;\n    let y_register = 0x2;\n    let x_offset = 1;\n    let y_offset = 2;\n    let char_offset = 0x0A;\n\n    // now lets set the X and Y to 1,2\n    x.registers.poke(x_register, x_offset);\n    x.registers.poke(y_register, y_offset);\n    x.registers.poke_i(char_offset);\n    // we are using 5 rows.\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, 5).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // now check that video memory has the values at\n    // 1,2-\u003e1,9\n    // 2,2-\u003e2,9\n    // 3,2-\u003e3,9\n    // 4,2-\u003e4,9\n    // 5,2-\u003e5,9\n    //  let byte_to_check = CHIP8FONT_0[0];\n    for row_in_sprite in 0..5 {\n        let row_data = CHIP8FONT_2[row_in_sprite];\n        for bit_in_byte in 0..8 {\n            let data_offset = (x_offset\n                as u16 + row_in_sprite as u16) * 64 + (bit_in_byte + y_offset) as u16;\n            let real_bit_in_byte = 7 - bit_in_byte;\n            let shifted_one = 0x01 \u003c\u003c real_bit_in_byte;\n            let one_shift_set = (shifted_one \u0026 row_data) \u003e 0;\n            debug!(\"ROWDATA = \\t\\t[{row_data:08b}]\\tBIT IN BYTE = \\t[{bit_in_byte}]\\tONE_SHIFT_SET = [{one_shift_set}]\\tSHIFTED ONE = [{shifted_one:08b}]\");\n            debug!(\"DATA_OFFSET FOR SOURCE DATA {}x{} is {} / offset by {}x{} and should be {} working with byte {:08b}\",\n                         bit_in_byte, row_in_sprite, data_offset, x_offset, y_offset, one_shift_set, row_data);\n        }\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sub_test() {\n    // 2nnn\n    // Call a subroutine at 2nnn\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x124).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x124);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 1);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x564).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x564);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 2);\n\n    // SETUP\n    // Return from a subroutine.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.stack.push(\u00260x132);\n    x.stack.push(\u00260xabc);\n    // EXECUTE\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RET.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // VERIFY\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xabc);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 1);\n    // EXECUTE\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RET.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // VERIFY\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x132);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 0);\n}\n\n\n#[test]\nfn ldvxk_test() {\n    // SETUP\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert!(matches!(x.state, gemma::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn series8xy4_corex_tests() {\n    /// 8xy4\n    /// Set Vx = Vx + Vy\n    /// Set VF=1 if Carry\n    ///\n\n    // 1 + 1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x02);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    // 255+1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xff);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x00);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n\n    // 128+192\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 128);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 192);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 64);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 1);\n\n    // 8xy6 - SHR Vx {, Vy}\n    // Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n    //\n    // If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1,\n    // otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // 0b10101010 -\u003e 0b01010101\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b10101010);\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x0);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01010100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 1);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b10101000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01010000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b10100000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01000000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn random_produces_different_numbers() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x00);\n    let first_number = Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x01, 0xff).execute(\u0026mut x).registers.peek(0x01);\n    let second_number = Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x01, 0xff).execute(\u0026mut x).registers.peek(0x01);\n    assert_ne!(first_number, second_number);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn delay_timer_ticks_reduce_time() {\n    let mut st = DelayTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(100);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 97);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn delay_timer_out_of_ticks_works() {\n    let mut st = DelayTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(0);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn keypad_keys_check() {\n    let mut k = Keypad::new();\n\n    for i in 0..16 {\n        assert!(!k.key_state(i));\n    }\n\n    // press a key\n    k.push_key(1);\n    k.push_key(2);\n    assert!(k.pressed(1));\n    assert!(k.pressed(2));\n    k.release_key(1);\n    assert!(k.released(1));\n}\n\n\n#[test]\nfn keypad_string_format_test() {\n    let mut k = Keypad::new();\n\n\n    assert_eq!(k.format_as_string(), read_test_result(\"gemma_keypad_string_result.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn register_rw_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.poke(0x0, 0xff);\n    x.poke(0x1, 0xab);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek(0x0), 0xff);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek(0x1), 0xab);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn pc_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.set_pc(0x300);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek_pc(), 0x300);\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn invalid_register() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.poke(0x10, 0xff);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn format_as_string_looks_right() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    for i in 0..0x10 {\n        x.registers[i] = i as u8;\n    }\n    x.pc = 0xabc;\n    x.i_register = 0xcab;\n    let result_string = x.format_as_string();\n    assert_eq!(result_string, String::from(\"Vx: 0x00 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x04 0x05 0x06 0x07\\n    0x08 0x09 0x0a 0x0b 0x0c 0x0d 0x0e 0x0f\\nI: 0x0cab\\tPC: 0x0abc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn reset_clears_registers() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n\n    for register in 0..0x10 {\n        x.poke(register, random::\u003cu8\u003e());\n    }\n    x.reset();\n    for register in 0..0x10 {\n        assert_eq!(x.peek(register), 0x00);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sound_timer_ticks_reduce_time() {\n    let mut st = SoundTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(100);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 97);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sound_timer_out_of_ticks_works() {\n    let mut st = SoundTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(0);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn stack_push_pop_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n\n    // lets see if we can push and pop a bunch\n    x.push(\u00260xabcu16);\n    x.push(\u00260xcdeu16);\n    x.pop();\n    assert_eq!(x.depth(), 1);\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn stack_overflow_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    for i in 0..17 {\n        x.push(\u0026i);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn stack_underflow_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    x.pop();\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn stack_lots_of_subs() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    let stack_contents = [0x123, 0x321, 0xabc, 0xdef,\n        0xbad, 0xbef, 0xfed, 0xcab,\n        0xbed, 0xcad, 0xfeb, 0xcab,\n        0xfff, 0x000, 0x001];\n    for i in stack_contents {\n        x.push(\u0026i);\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.depth(), 15);\n\n    // up to 50 random loops\n    let num_loops: u8 = random::\u003cu8\u003e() % 50;\n    for i in 0..num_loops {\n        let start_count = x.depth();\n        let num_pop = random::\u003cu8\u003e() % x.depth() as u8;\n        for current_pop in 0..num_pop {\n            x.pop();\n        }\n\n        let post_pop_count = x.depth();\n        assert_eq!(post_pop_count as u8, start_count as u8 - num_pop);\n        for current_push in 0..num_pop {\n            x.push(\u0026stack_contents[(current_push + post_pop_count as u8) as usize]);\n        }\n        assert_eq!(x.depth(), 15);\n    }\n}\n\n\n#[test]\nfn video_split_bytes() {\n    // from 0xABCD we should have AB high, CD low\n    let (low, high) = InstructionUtil::split_bytes(0xabcd);\n    assert_eq!(low, 0xAB);\n    assert_eq!(high, 0xCD);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_join_bytes() {\n    // from 0xAB low and 0xCD high we get 0xABCD\n    let merged = InstructionUtil::join_bytes(0xcd, 0xab);\n    assert_eq!(merged, 0xcdab);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_read_from_instruction() {\n    // from 0xABCD\n    let source = 0xABCD;\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_addr_from_instruction(source), 0xBCD);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_nibble_from_instruction(source), 0xD);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_x_from_instruction(source), 0xB);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_y_from_instruction(source), 0xC);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_byte_from_instruction(source), 0xCD);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_ubln() {\n    // from 0xABCD we should see B\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0xABCD), 0xB);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0x0123), 0x1);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0x0000), 0x0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_byte_to_bool_changes() {\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b00000000), [false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false]);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11111111), [true, true, true, true, true, true, true, true]);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11001100), [false, false, true, true, false, false, true, true]);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11110000), [false, false, false, false, true, true, true, true]);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false]), 0b00000000);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([true, true, true, true, true, true, true, true]), 0b11111111);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, true, true, false, false, true, true]), 0b11001100);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, false, false, true, true, true, true]), 0b11110000);\n}\n\n\nfn real_build_checkboard(in_hd: bool) -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    let mut r = Chip8Video::default();\n    let (width, height) = if in_hd {\n        r.set_highres();\n        (SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n    } else {\n        (CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n    };\n\n    println!(\"BUILDING BOARD WITH SIZE OF {width}x{height}\");\n\n    for row in 0..height {\n        let data_offset = row * width;\n\n        for col in 0..width {\n            // XOR row and column indices to alternate in a checkerboard pattern\n            let to_poke = (row % 2) ^ (col % 2) == 1;\n            let local_offset: u16 = (data_offset + col) as u16;\n\n            r.poke(local_offset, to_poke);\n        }\n    }\n    r\n}\n\nfn build_checkboard_hd() -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    real_build_checkboard(true)\n}\n\nfn build_checkerboard() -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    real_build_checkboard(false)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_default_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.clone().peek(i as u16));\n        // then flip the value and test again.\n        \u0026x.poke(i as u16, true);\n        assert!(x.clone().peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_set_initial_memory_sd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    // let mut initial_memory = [false; CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY];\n    let mut ws = String::new();\n    // set our checkerboard\n    for cbr in 0..32 {\n        for cbc in 0..64 {\n            let dof = cbr * 64 + cbc;\n            if (dof as i32 % 2) == 0 {\n                x.poke(dof, true);\n                ws += \"*\";\n            } else {\n                ws += \" \";\n            }\n        }\n        ws += \"\\n\";\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.format_as_string(), ws);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_byte_test() {\n    let to_poke = 0b11001111;\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x05, to_poke);\n    let mut expected = String::new();\n    expected = \"     **  ****                                                   \\n\".to_string();\n    for i in 0..31 {\n        expected += \u0026*(\" \".repeat(64) + \"\\n\");\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.format_as_string(), expected);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_2byte_test() {\n    let to_poke: [u8; 2] = [\n        0b11001111,\n        0b00111100\n    ];\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_2byte(0x00, to_poke);\n\n    let mut expected = String::new();\n    expected = \"**  ****  ****  \".to_string() + \u0026*\" \".repeat(64 - 16).to_string() + \"\\n\";\n    for i in 0..31 {\n        expected += \u0026*((\u0026*\" \".repeat(64)).to_string() + \"\\n\");\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(expected, x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_multirow_2_byte_sprite() {\n    // take 2 rows of 16bits and write them to memory\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_cls_stddef() {\n    let width = 64;\n    let height = 32;\n    let mut initial_memory = vec![];\n    let mut ws = String::new();\n    let mut set_x = Chip8Video::new(initial_memory.into());\n    for cbr in 0..32 {\n        ws += \u0026*\" \".repeat(width);\n        ws += \"\\n\";\n    }\n    set_x.cls();\n\n    assert_eq!(set_x.format_as_string(), ws);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_byte_test_2() {\n    let to_poke = 0b10101010;\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    v.poke_byte(0x00, to_poke);\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x00));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x01));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x02));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x03));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x04));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x05));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x06));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x07));\n    for i in 0x8..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_multi_line_test() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    let to_poke = [\n        0b00000000,\n        0b11111111,\n        0b10101010,\n        0b01010101\n    ];\n\n    for (byte_in_set, byte_to_poke) in to_poke.iter().enumerate() {\n        let base_offset = byte_in_set * 64;\n        v.poke_byte(base_offset as u16, *byte_to_poke);\n    }\n\n    // row 2 column 1\n    {\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x40));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x41));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x42));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x43));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x44));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x45));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x46));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x47));\n\n        // row 3 column 1\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC0));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC1));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC2));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC3));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC4));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC5));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC6));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC7));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_moved_poke_test() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    let to_poke = [\n        0b00000000,\n        0b11111111,\n        0b10101010,\n        0b01010101\n    ];\n\n    let x_offset = 20;\n    let y_offset = 5;\n\n\n    for (byte_in_set, byte_to_poke) in to_poke.iter().enumerate() {\n        let base_offset = (x_offset + byte_in_set) * 64 + y_offset;\n        v.poke_byte(base_offset as u16, *byte_to_poke);\n    }\n\n    let test_offset = (x_offset * 64 + y_offset) as u16;\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 1));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 2));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 3));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 4));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 5));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 6));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 7));\n\n    let test_offset = test_offset + 0x40;\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 1));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 2));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 3));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 4));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 5));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 6));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 7));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_verify_change_registered() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    v.poke(0x01, true);\n    v.poke(0x01, true);\n    assert!(v.has_frame_changed);\n\n    v.start_frame();\n    assert!(!v.has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_write_checkboard() {\n    let mut v = build_checkerboard();\n    assert_eq!(v.clone().format_as_string(), read_test_result(\"test_video_write_checkerboard.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_zero_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    for (byte_index, data_offset) in (0..=0x100).step_by(0x40).enumerate() {\n        x.poke_byte(data_offset as u16, CHIP8FONT_0[byte_index]);\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_zero.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_multi_sprite_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    // draw a row of digits 01234567\n    let to_draw = [CHIP8FONT_0, CHIP8FONT_1, CHIP8FONT_2, CHIP8FONT_3, CHIP8FONT_4, CHIP8FONT_5, CHIP8FONT_6, CHIP8FONT_7];\n    for (index, sprite) in to_draw.iter().enumerate() {\n        let data_base_offset = index * 0x8;\n        for (index, offset) in (0..=0x100).step_by(0x40).enumerate() {\n            x.poke_byte((data_base_offset + offset) as u16, sprite[index]);\n        }\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_multi_sprite.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_reset_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.reset();\n    assert_eq!(x.format_as_string(), read_test_result(\"test_reset_clears_video.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_collision_test() {\n    // Setup: Set 0xFF to 0x00 with a new frame ready\n    // Action: Run Poke to the same area\n    // Test: Verify the 'changed' flag is tripped\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0xff);\n    x.tick();\n    // set the cell thats already set...\n    x.poke(0x00, true);\n    // it becomes unset and theres a frame changed\n    assert_eq!(false, x.peek(0x00));\n\n    assert_eq!(true, x.clone().has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_collision_test2() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0b11110000);\n    assert_eq!(true, x.has_frame_changed);\n    x.tick();\n    assert_eq!(false, x.has_frame_changed);\n    // clear the 'has changed' flag\n\n    // now set a no-collision value\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0b00001111);\n    assert_eq!(true, x.has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_peek_out_of_bounds_doesnt_panic() {\n    let x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    let y = x.clone().peek(2049);\n    let y = x.clone().peek(0);\n\n    // if we got here we didn't panic\n    assert!(true);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_1_row_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_down(1);\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_1.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_10_row_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_down(10);\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_10.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_high_res_has_right_resolution() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    println!(\"[{}]\", x.format_as_string());\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_highdef.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_1_row_test_schip() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_down(1);\n\n    println!(\"[{}]\", x.format_as_string());\n    println!(\"[{}]\", read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_1_hd.asc\"));\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_1_hd.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_10_row_test_schip() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_down(10);\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_10_hd.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_left_4_row_test_std_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_left();\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_left_4_row_test_high_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_left();\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4_hd.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_right_4_row_test_std_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_right();\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_right_4_row_test_high_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_right();\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4_hd.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\nstruct InstructionTest {\n    name: String,\n    instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions,\n    asm: String,\n    encoded: u16,\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instructions_name_tests() {\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x0000).name(), INST_SYS);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x0, 0x1).name(), INST_ADD);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0x0).name(), INST_ADDI);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).name(), INST_ADDR);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(0x01, 0x02).name(), INST_AND);\n\n    let it = vec![\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SYS.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x123),\n            asm: \"SYS 0x0123\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x0123\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_CLS.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS,\n            asm: \"CLS\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00E0\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_RET.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::RET,\n            asm: \"RET\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00ee\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPA.to_string(),\n            instruction: JPA(0x234),\n            asm: \"JPA 0x0234\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xb234\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_CALL.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x123),\n            asm: \"CALL 0x0123\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x2123,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_DRW.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(0x01, 0x02, 0x03),\n            asm: \"DRW 0x01, 0x02, 0x03\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xd123\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPI.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x321),\n            asm: \"JPI 0x0321\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xb321\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SDN.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(0x01),\n            asm: \"SDN 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00c1\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SRT.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT,\n            asm: \"SRT\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FB\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SLF.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF,\n            asm: \"SLF\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FC,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_EXIT.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT,\n            asm: \"EXIT\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FD,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_DIS.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS,\n            asm: \"DIS\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FE,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ENA.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA,\n            asm: \"ENA\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FF,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SEX.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x01, 0xfa),\n            asm: \"SEX 0x01, 0xfa\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x32fa,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SNEB.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x01, 0xab),\n            asm: \"SNEB 0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x41ab,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SEY.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x1, 0x2),\n            asm: \"SEY 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x5120\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(0xa, 0xbe),\n            asm: \"LDR 0x0a, 0xbe\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x6abe,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADD.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x01, 0xab),\n            asm: \"ADD 0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x71ab\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRY.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(0x1, 0x2),\n            asm: \"LDRY 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8120,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_OR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(0x1, 0x2),\n            asm: \"OR 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8121\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_AND.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(0xb, 0xc),\n            asm: \"AND 0xb, 0xc\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8bc2,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ORY.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(0xa, 0x3),\n            asm: \"ORY 0xa, 0x3\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8a33\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADDR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x1, 0x2),\n            asm: \"ADDR 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8124\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SUB.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x4, 0x5),\n            asm: \"SUB 0x4, 0x5\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8455\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SHR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x01, 0x1),\n            asm: \"SHR 0x1, 0x1\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8116,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SUBC.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0xf, 0xa),\n            asm: \"SUBC 0xf, 0xa\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8fa7,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SHL.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x1, 0x4),\n            asm: \"SHL 0x1, 0x4\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x814e,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SNEY.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0x4, 0x5),\n            asm: \"SNEY 0x4, 0x5\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x9450,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDIA.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0xbee),\n            asm: \"LDIA 0x0bee\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x9bee\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPI.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0xfee),\n            asm: \"JPI 0x0fee\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xbfee\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_RND.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x1, 0xae),\n            asm: \"RND 0x01, 0xae\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xc1ae,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_DRW.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(0x1, 0x2, 0xf),\n            asm: \"DRW 0x01, 0x02, 0x0f\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xd12f\n        }\n        /*\n            0xE09E..=0xEFA1 =\u003e match last_byte {\n                0x9E =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(ubln),\n                0xA1 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(ubln),\n            0xF007..=0xFF65 =\u003e match last_byte {\n                0x07 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(ubln),\n                0x0A =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(ubln),\n                0x15 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(ubln),\n                0x18 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(ubln),\n                0x1E =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(ubln),\n                0x29 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(ubln),\n                0x30 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(ubln),\n                0x33 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(ubln),\n                0x55 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(ubln),\n                0x65 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(ubln),\n                0x75 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(ubln),\n                0x85 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(ubln),\n\n         */\n    ];\n\n    for current in it {\n        assert_eq!(current.instruction.name(), current.name);\n        let i = current.instruction;\n        assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(current.encoded), i));\n        assert_eq!(i.to_string(), current.asm);\n        let asm = Chip8CpuInstructions::from_str(\u0026current.asm);\n        assert_eq!(i.to_string(), asm.to_string());\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instructions_operands_tests() {\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x000).operands(), \"0x0000\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x123).operands(), \"0x0123\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0x234).operands(), \"0x0234\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x345).operands(), \"0x0345\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x456).operands(), \"0x0456\");\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_ena_dis_tests() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    assert!(!x.video_memory.is_highres());\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert!(x.video_memory.is_highres());\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert!(x.video_memory.is_highres());\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert!(!x.video_memory.is_highres());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_test_scrolling_lowres() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT.execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4.asc\"), x.dump_video_to_string());\n\n    x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF.execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4.asc\"), x.dump_video_to_string());\n\n    x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(0x01).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_1.asc\"), x.dump_video_to_string());\n\n    x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(0xA).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_10.asc\"), x.dump_video_to_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn computer_dump_keypad_to_string() {\n\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn computer_dump_registers_to_string() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let values_to_set = [0x0b, 0xad, 0xbe, 0xef,\n                                 0xca, 0xb0,\n                                 0x7a, 0xc0, 0xca, 0x70,\n                                 0xba, 0xdb, 0xed, 0x00,\n                                0x00, 0x00\n    ];\n    let expected_value = \"Vx: 0x0b 0xad 0xbe 0xef 0xca 0xb0 0x7a 0xc0\\n    0xca 0x70 0xba 0xdb 0xed 0x00 0x00 0x00\\nI: 0x0000\\tPC: 0x0200\";\n\n    for i in 0..16 {\n        x.registers.poke(i, values_to_set[i as usize]);\n    }\n\n    // now verify.\n    assert_eq!(expected_value, x.dump_registers_to_string());\n}\n\n//#[test]\nfn quirks_chip8_vf_reset_tests() {\n    // vF reset - The AND, OR and XOR opcodes (8xy1, 8xy2 and 8xy3) reset the flags\n    // register to zero. Test will show ERR1 if the AND and OR tests don't behave\n    // the same and ERR2 if the AND and XOR tests don't behave the same.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n}","traces":[{"line":18,"address":[322048],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":19,"address":[322085],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":570,"address":[322352,323237],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":571,"address":[322406],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":573,"address":[322420],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":574,"address":[322389],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":575,"address":[322428],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":576,"address":[322394],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":577,"address":[322399],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":578,"address":[322436],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":579,"address":[322506],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":580,"address":[322535],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":581,"address":[322551],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":582,"address":[322575],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":584,"address":[322658,322794],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":586,"address":[322943],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":957,"address":[324298,323264],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":958,"address":[323297],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":959,"address":[323529,323332,323353,323312],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":960,"address":[323334],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":961,"address":[323513],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":963,"address":[323316],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":966,"address":[323635],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":968,"address":[323720,323882],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":969,"address":[323950,323900],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":971,"address":[323925,323978],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":973,"address":[324080,324210],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":974,"address":[324197,324239,324272],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":976,"address":[324293,324250],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":979,"address":[323839],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":982,"address":[324320],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":983,"address":[324328],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":986,"address":[324352],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":987,"address":[324360],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":1640,"address":[324384],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":1644,"address":[324403],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":20,"coverable":36},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","gemmaegui.rs"],"content":"use std::path::PathBuf;\nuse std::time::Instant;\nuse crate::support::gemma_egui_support::{EGuiFileList, GemmaEguiSupport};\nuse crate::support::gemma_egui_state::GemmaEGuiState;\nuse eframe::egui;\nuse egui::{Key, Ui};\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\n\nmod support;\n\nconst LIN_KEYS: [[(Key, u8); 4]; 4] = [\n    [(Key::Num1, 0x01), (Key::Num2, 0x02), (Key::Num3, 0x03), (Key::Num4, 0x0c)],\n    [(Key::Q, 0x04), (Key::W, 0x05), (Key::E, 0x06), (Key::R, 0x0d)],\n    [(Key::A, 0x07), (Key::S, 0x08), (Key::D, 0x09), (Key::F, 0x0e)],\n    [(Key::Z, 0x0a), (Key::X, 0x00), (Key::C, 0x0b), (Key::V, 0x0F)]\n];\n\n#[derive(Default)]\nstruct DisplayOptions {\n    pub video: bool,\n    pub registers: bool,\n    pub memory: bool,\n}\npub struct GemmaViewerState {\n    pub selected_file_index: i32,\n    pub selected_filename: String,\n    pub display_options: DisplayOptions,\n}\n\nimpl Default for GemmaViewerState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        GemmaViewerState {\n            selected_file_index: -1,\n            selected_filename: String::new(),\n            display_options: Default::default(),\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl GemmaViewerState {\n    pub fn new() -\u003e GemmaViewerState {\n        GemmaViewerState {\n            ..Default::default()\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nfn main() -\u003e eframe::Result {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n\n    let mut computer = Chip8ComputerManager::new();\n    let mut state = GemmaViewerState::new();\n\n    let options = eframe::NativeOptions {\n        viewport: egui::ViewportBuilder::default().with_inner_size([320.0, 240.0]),\n        ..Default::default()\n    };\n\n    eframe::run_simple_native(\"EGUI Gemma\", options, move |ctx, _frame| {\n        catppuccin_egui::set_theme(\u0026ctx, catppuccin_egui::MOCHA);\n        egui::CentralPanel::default().show(ctx, |ui| {\n            let frame_start_time = Instant::now();\n\n            let local_computer = computer.state();\n            //if state.display_video {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::video_view(local_computer, ui);\n            // }\n\n            ui.heading(\"EGUI Gemma\");\n\n            //  if state.display_memory {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::memory_view(\u0026local_computer, ui);\n            //  }\n\n            //  if state.display_registers {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::registers_view(\u0026local_computer, ui);\n            //  }\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                if ui.button(\"Start\").clicked() {\n                    computer.start();\n                }\n                if ui.button(\"Step\").clicked() {\n                    computer.step();\n                }\n\n                if ui.button(\"Stop\").clicked() {\n                    computer.stop();\n                    //     state.is_running = false;\n                }\n                if ui.button(\"Reset\").clicked() {\n                    computer.reset();\n                    //   state.is_running = false;\n                }\n            });\n\n            if ui.button(format!(\"Load {}\", state.selected_filename)).clicked() {\n               // println!(\"Should load the bin now\");\n                let read_bin = std::fs::read(PathBuf::from(format!(\"resources/roms/{}\", state.selected_filename))).unwrap();\n                computer.load_bytes_to_system_memory(read_bin);\n            };\n            EGuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(\"resources/roms\"), \u0026mut state.selected_filename, ui);\n            let input = ctx.input(|input| {\n                // loop through the keys we are checking...\n                for row in LIN_KEYS {\n                    for (keyboard_key, keypad_key) in row {\n                        if input.key_pressed(keyboard_key) {\n                            computer.press_key(keypad_key);\n                           // println!(\"KEY {keypad_key:02x} DOWN\");\n                        } else {\n                            // release it if the user just did\n                            if computer.is_key_pressed(keypad_key) {\n                                computer.release_key(keypad_key);\n                            //    println!(\"KEY {keypad_key:02x} up\");\n                            }\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n            });\n\n            // run our target number of ticks in the amount of available time.\n            let time_consumed = Instant::now().duration_since(frame_start_time).as_millis();\n            let mut num_ticks = 0;\n            while num_ticks \u003c 1000 {\n                computer.tick();\n                num_ticks += 1;\n            }\n            ctx.request_repaint();\n        });\n    })\n}\n","traces":[{"line":32,"address":[3199832,3199664],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[3199683],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[3199688,3199745],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[3199856],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3199952,3201026,3200995],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[3199999],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[3200063],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[3200093],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[3200157,3200202],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[3157424],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[3157457],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3157616,3159257,3157509],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[3157641],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[3157684],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[3157706],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[3157721],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[3157767],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[3157782],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[3160195,3159296,3157901],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[3159321,3159435],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[3159510],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":83,"address":[3159649,3159526],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":84,"address":[3159733],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[3159749,3159872],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":88,"address":[3159956],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[3160095,3159972],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[3160176],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":97,"address":[3158257,3158032,3158122,3158376],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[3158468,3158558,3158688],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":100,"address":[3158951],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[3158968],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[3157633,3159031,3160224,3160882],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[3160249,3160406,3160473],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[3160489,3160663,3160733],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[3160725,3160761],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[3160817,3160877],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":112,"address":[3160840,3160790],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":113,"address":[3160853],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":122,"address":[3159043],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":123,"address":[3159142],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":124,"address":[3159239,3159153],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":125,"address":[3159201],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":126,"address":[3159241,3159210],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":128,"address":[3159171],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":44},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_state.rs"],"content":"use std::ops::Range;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\n\npub struct GemmaEGuiState {\n    pub display_video: bool,\n    pub display_memory: bool,\n    pub display_registers: bool,\n    pub memory_view: Range\u003ci32\u003e,\n    pub computer: Chip8ComputerManager,\n    pub selected_rom_filename: String\n}\n\nimpl Default for GemmaEGuiState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            display_video: true,\n            display_memory: true,\n            display_registers: true,\n            memory_view: 0x00..0x200,\n            computer: Chip8ComputerManager::new(),\n            selected_rom_filename: String::new()\n        }\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[3182160,3182383],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[3182191],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[3182213],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":3},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_support.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::read_dir;\nuse std::ops::Index;\nuse std::path::{Display, PathBuf};\nuse std::thread;\nuse std::time::Duration;\nuse egui::{Align, Color32, ComboBox, Direction, Pos2, Response, TextBuffer};\nuse egui::Rect;\nuse egui::Vec2;\nuse egui::Ui;\nuse egui::WidgetType::SelectableLabel;\nuse crate::Chip8Computer;\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: f32 = 5.0;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: f32 = 5.0;\n\npub struct EGuiFileList {}\nimpl EGuiFileList {\n    pub fn display_path(root: PathBuf, selected_filename: \u0026mut String, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let mut working_filename = selected_filename.clone();\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n           //  ui.label(format!(\"Displaying {}\", root.to_str().unwrap_or(\"Unable to Load Path\")));\n            ComboBox::from_label(\"Select ROM\")\n                .selected_text(selected_filename.clone())\n                .show_ui(ui, |ui| {\n\n                    let mut sorted_options = vec![];\n                    for option in read_dir(root.as_path()).unwrap() {\n                        let to_push = option.unwrap().file_name().into_string().unwrap_or( String::new());\n                        sorted_options.push(to_push);\n                    }\n\n                    sorted_options.sort();\n                    for item in sorted_options {\n                    // Add each option to the ComboBox\n                      if  ui.selectable_label(selected_filename.eq(\u0026item.as_str()), item.clone()).clicked()\n                        {\n                            *selected_filename = item;\n                        }\n                    }\n                });\n            // Display the selected option\n        });\n    }\n}\n\npub struct GemmaEguiSupport {}\n\nimpl GemmaEguiSupport {\n    pub fn controls_view(system: \u0026mut Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(Align::TOP), |ui| {\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_memory, \"Display Memory\");\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_video, \"Display Video\");\n         //   ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_registers, \"Display Registers\");\n        });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(format!(\"V0-7: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x00),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x01),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x02),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x03),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x04),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x05),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x06),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x07)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"V8-F: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x08),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x09),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0A),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0B),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0C),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0D),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0E),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0F)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"PC: {:04x}\\tI: {:04x}\", system.registers.peek_pc(), system.registers.peek_i()));\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let (_resp, painter) = ui.allocate_painter(Vec2::new(350.0, 165.0), egui::Sense::hover());\n        for current_row in 0..32 {\n            for current_col in 0..64 {\n                let data_offset = current_row * 64 + current_col;\n                let x_offset = current_col as f32 * CELL_WIDTH;\n                let y_offset = current_row as f32 * CELL_HEIGHT;\n                let origin = Pos2::new(x_offset, y_offset);\n                let colour = if system.video_memory.peek(data_offset) {\n                    Color32::RED\n                } else {\n                    Color32::WHITE\n                };\n                let rect = Rect::from_min_size(origin, Vec2::new(CELL_WIDTH, CELL_HEIGHT));\n                painter.rect_filled(rect, 0.0, colour);\n                // println!(\"Cell {current_col}x{current_row} at {}x{} -\u003e {}\",\n                //          origin.x, origin.y,\n                //          system.video_memory.peek(data_offset));\n            }\n        }\n    //    thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));\n    }\n\n    pub fn memory_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(\"Memory View\");\n\n        for i in (0..=0x200).step_by(16) {\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                for y in 0..16 {\n                    ui.label(format!(\"{:02x}\", system.memory.peek((i + y) as u16)).as_str());\n                }\n            });\n        }\n        ui.label(\"Should have **something** to adjust the 'memory window'\");\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":18,"address":[3163664,3164097],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[3163694],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[3163925],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3186780,3186846,3186670],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[3186715,3186828,3186896],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[3189140,3186836,3188719,3186928],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[3186964],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3187490,3187523,3187125,3189091,3187351,3187021],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3189118,3188750],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3189016],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[3187765],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[3187989,3188695,3188039,3187799],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[3188079,3188189,3188682,3188390],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[3188501],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3164128],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[3164247],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[3164368],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[3166480,3166944,3166016,3167640,3168020,3166248,3166712,3167408,3167176,3165528],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[3164416],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[3164553],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3164693],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[3164833],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[3164973],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[3165113],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":66,"address":[3165253],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[3165393],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[3170586,3169170,3170354,3171662,3169890,3170122,3171050,3171282,3170818,3169658],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[3168055],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":71,"address":[3168195],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[3168335],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[3168475],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[3168615],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[3168755],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[3168895],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[3169035],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[3172498,3172266,3171703,3171970,3172681,3171839],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[3174124,3172736],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":83,"address":[3172791],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":84,"address":[3173103,3173185,3173289],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[3173310,3173408],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[3173523,3173692],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[3173612],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":88,"address":[3173646],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[3173732],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[3173768,3173809],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[3173811],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[3173796],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[3174038],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[3174160],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[3174192],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[3174438,3174226],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":109,"address":[3174551],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[3189288,3189230],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[3189299,3189429,3189677,3189859],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":115,"address":[3174381],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":55},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","mod.rs"],"content":"pub mod gemma_egui_state;\npub mod gemma_egui_support;\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","gemmaimgui.rs"],"content":"use std::default::Default;\nuse std::fs::DirEntry;\nuse std::time::Instant;\nuse gemma::{\n    chip8::computer::Chip8Computer,\n    constants::{CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT, CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH},\n};\nuse imgui::*;\nuse sys::{ImColor, ImVec2, ImVector_ImU32};\nuse rand::random;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\nuse gemma::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction;\nuse gemma::chip8::system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory;\nuse support::{emmagui_support::GemmaImguiSupport, ui_state::ImGuiUiState};\nuse clap::{Parser, Subcommand};\nuse gemma::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode;\nuse gemma::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode::Chip8;\n\n\nmod support;\n\n/// Keypad Mappings for my Linux box\n/// 1 2 3 C\n/// 4 5 6 D\n/// 7 8 9 E\n/// A 0 B F\n\nconst LIN_KEYS: [(u16, u8); 0x10] = [(537, 0x01),(538, 0x02),(539, 0x03),(540, 0x0c),\n                              (562, 0x04),(568, 0x05),(550, 0x06),(563, 0x0d),\n                              (546, 7),(564, 8),(549, 9),(551, 0xe),\n                              (571, 0xa),(569, 0),(548, 0xb),(567, 0xf)];\n\nfn main() {\n    pretty_env_logger::init();\n\n    let mut system = Chip8ComputerManager::default();\n    let mut ui_state = ImGuiUiState::default();\n    let target_ips = ui_state.target_ips;\n\n    support::simple_init(file!(), move |_, ui| {\n        let current_time = Instant::now();\n        let mut num_cycles = 0;\n\n        // Key Checks\n        let down_keys = ui.io().keys_down;\n\n        // START DEBUG CODE TO DISPLAY WHAT KEYS WE TRAPPED\n        for (idx, val) in down_keys.iter().enumerate() {\n            if *val {\n                println!(\"{idx} = {val}\");\n            }\n        }\n        // END DEBUG CODE\n\n        for (key_code, key_reg) in LIN_KEYS {\n            if down_keys[key_code as usize] {\n                system.press_key(key_reg);\n                system.wait_for_instruction();\n            } else {\n                // do we need to release it?\n\n                if system.is_key_pressed(key_reg) {\n                    system.release_key(key_reg);\n                }\n            }\n        }\n\n        let target_ms = ui_state.frame_time;\n        let loop_start_time = Instant::now();\n        while Instant::now().duration_since(current_time).as_millis() \u003c target_ms as u128 \u0026\u0026 num_cycles \u003c target_ips {\n            if system.tick() {\n                num_cycles += 1;\n            }\n        }\n        let cycles_time = Instant::now().duration_since(loop_start_time);\n        if num_cycles \u003e 0 {\n            println!(\"Ran for {}ms and executed {}/{} cycles.\", cycles_time.as_millis(), num_cycles, target_ips);\n        }\n        // GUI Parts\n        if ui_state.show_video {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::video_display(\u0026system.state(), \u0026ui_state, ui);\n        }\n\n        GemmaImguiSupport::system_controls(\u0026mut system, \u0026mut ui_state, ui);\n\n        if ui_state.show_registers {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::registers_view(\u0026system.state(), ui);\n        }\n\n        if ui_state.show_memory {\n            let active_instruction = system.state().registers.peek_pc();\n            GemmaImguiSupport::hex_memory_display(system.state().memory.clone(), (0x100, 0x10), active_instruction as i16, ui);\n        }\n\n        if ui_state.show_keypad {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::keypad_display(\u0026system.state(), ui);\n        }\n    });\n}\n","traces":[{"line":33,"address":[4072608,4072911,4072940],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[4072645],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[4072662],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[4072692],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[4072740],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":40,"address":[4072758],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[4175144],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[4175179],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[4175187],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[4175218,4175453],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[4175485],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[4177245],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[4175515,4175379,4175572,4175704],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[4175738,4176852],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[4176927],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[4176987],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[4176900,4176945],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[4176963],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[4175655],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[4175672],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[4175763,4175941],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":71,"address":[4176826,4175958],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[4176803,4176831],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[4175863],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[4175927],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[4176008,4176248,4176340],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[4175982],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[4176530],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":84,"address":[4176494],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[4176514],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[4176597],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[4176581],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[4176652],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[4176692],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":95,"address":[4176636],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[4176769],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":36},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","support","emmagui_support.rs"],"content":"use std::ffi::OsString;\nuse gemma::constants::CHIP8_KEYBOARD;\nuse std::fs::{File, read_dir};\nuse std::io::Read;\nuse std::path::{Path, PathBuf};\nuse std::time::Duration;\nuse imgui::{Condition, ImColor32, Ui};\nuse log::debug;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::ManagerDumpables::{Keyboard, Registers, Video};\nuse gemma::chip8::keypad::Keypad;\nuse gemma::chip8::system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory;\nuse gemma::constants::{CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT, CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH};\nuse crate::ImGuiUiState;\nuse crate::support::gui_file_list::GuiFileList;\nuse super::ui_state;\n\nconst ROM_ROOT: \u0026str = \"/home/tmerritt/Projects/chip8_toy/resources/roms\";\n\npub struct GemmaImguiSupport {}\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: i32 = 5i32;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: i32 = 5i32;\n\nimpl GemmaImguiSupport {\n    pub fn keypad_display(system_to_display: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        ui.window(format!(\"Keypad\"))\n            .size([100.0, 100.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                for row in CHIP8_KEYBOARD {\n                    for key in row {\n                        let label = if system_to_display.keypad.pressed(key) {\n                            format!(\"*{:1x}*\", key)\n                        } else {\n                            format!(\"{:1x}\", key)\n                        };\n                        ui.text(format!(\"{}\", label));\n                        ui.same_line();\n                    }\n                    ui.text(\"\");\n                }\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_display(system_to_control: \u0026Chip8Computer, gui_state: \u0026ImGuiUiState, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        // draw area size\n        let (width, height) = system_to_control.video_memory.get_resolution();\n        let draw_area_size = ui.io().display_size;\n        //  println!(\"DRAW_AREA_SIZE = {}x{}\", draw_area_size[0], draw_area_size[1]);\n        let cell_width = ((draw_area_size[0] as i32 / width) * 6) / 10;\n        let cell_height = ((draw_area_size[1] as i32 / height) * 6) / 10;\n\n        ui.window(format!(\"Display {cell_width}x{cell_height}\"))\n            .size([300.0, 300.0], Condition::Once)\n            .build(|| {\n                let origin = ui.cursor_pos();\n                let fg = ui.get_window_draw_list();\n                if system_to_control.video_memory.is_highres() {\n                    // ui.text(\"High Def Video here\");\n                    for current_row in 0..=height {\n                        let y_offset = origin[1] as i32 + (current_row * cell_height);\n                        for current_column in 0..=width {\n                            let x_offset = origin[0] as i32 + (current_column * cell_width);\n                            let current_origin = [x_offset as f32, y_offset as f32];\n                            let current_limit = [(x_offset + cell_width) as f32, (y_offset + cell_height) as f32];\n                            let memory_offset = (current_row * width + current_column) as u16;\n                            let to_render = system_to_control.video_memory.peek(memory_offset);\n                            let color: ImColor32 = if to_render {\n                                gui_state.on_colour\n                            } else {\n                                gui_state.off_colour\n                            };\n                            fg.add_rect_filled_multicolor(current_origin, current_limit, color, color, color, color);\n                        }\n                    }\n                } else {\n                    for current_row in 0..height {\n                        let y_offset = origin[1] as i32 + (current_row * cell_height);\n                        for current_column in 0..width {\n                            let x_offset = origin[0] as i32 + (current_column * cell_width);\n                            let current_origin = [x_offset as f32, y_offset as f32];\n                            let current_limit = [(x_offset + cell_width) as f32, (y_offset + cell_height) as f32];\n                            let memory_offset = (current_row * width + current_column) as u16;\n                            let to_render = system_to_control.video_memory.peek(memory_offset);\n                            let color: ImColor32 = if to_render {\n                                gui_state.on_colour\n                            } else {\n                                gui_state.off_colour\n                            };\n                            fg.add_rect_filled_multicolor(current_origin, current_limit, color, color, color, color);\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n            });\n    }\n    pub fn system_controls(system_to_control: \u0026mut Chip8ComputerManager, gui_state: \u0026mut ImGuiUiState, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        // let mut state: Chip8Computer = system_to_control;\n        ui.window(\"!!!! CONTROLS !!!!\")\n            .size([345.0, 200.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                /* System Step Counter */\n                ui.text(format!(\"Step {:04x}\", system_to_control.num_cycles()).as_str());\n\n                /* ROM Lister */\n                let new_filename = GuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(ROM_ROOT), \u0026gui_state.filename_to_load, ui);\n                if !new_filename.is_empty() {\n                    if new_filename != gui_state.filename_to_load {\n                        debug!(\"NEW FILENAME SELECTED -\u003e {new_filename}\");\n                        gui_state.filename_to_load = new_filename;\n                    }\n                    if ui.button(\"Load Program\") {\n                        let mut buffer = Vec::new();\n                        debug!(\"PREPARING TO LOAD {}\", gui_state.filename_to_load);\n                        // let mut input_file = File::open(Path::new(\"./1-chip8-logo.ch8\")).expect(\"put 1-chip8-logo.ch8 in this directory\");\n                        let mut input_file = File::open(Path::new(\u0026(ROM_ROOT.to_string() + \"/\" + \u0026gui_state.filename_to_load))).expect(\"put 1-chip8-logo.ch8 in this directory\");\n                        input_file.read_to_end(\u0026mut buffer).expect(\"unable to read file\");\n                        system_to_control.load_bytes_to_system_memory((\u0026*buffer).into());\n                    }\n                }\n                ui.separator();\n                // if the system has no program loaded hide the buttons.\n                if system_to_control.state().memory.peek(0x200) != 0x00 {\n                    if ui.button(\"Step\") {\n                        system_to_control.step();\n                    };\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    if ui.button(\"Run\") {\n                        system_to_control.start();\n                    }\n                }\n                ui.same_line();\n                if ui.button(\"Stop\") {\n                    system_to_control.stop();\n                }\n                ui.same_line();\n                if ui.button(\"Reset\") {\n                    system_to_control.reset();\n                }\n                if ui.button(\"Dump Video Memory\") {\n                    println!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Video));\n                }\n                ui.same_line();\n                if ui.button(\"Dump Keypad State\") {\n                    debug!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Keyboard));\n                }\n                ui.same_line();\n                if ui.button(\"Dump Registers\") {\n                    debug!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Registers));\n                }\n                ui.separator();\n\n                ui.checkbox(\"Show Memory\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_memory);\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.checkbox(\"Show Video\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_video);\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.checkbox(\"Show Registers\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_registers);\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        ui.window(\"Registers\")\n            .size([400.0, 500.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                ui.text(\"Registers\");\n                for i in 1..0x10 {\n                    ui.text(format!(\"V{:X}: {}\", i, system.registers.peek(i)));\n                    if i != 7 {\n                        ui.same_line();\n                    }\n                }\n                ui.text(\"\");\n                ui.text(format!(\"I: {:03X}\", system.registers.peek_i()));\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.text(format!(\"ST: {:02X}\", system.sound_timer.current()));\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.text(format!(\"DT: {:02X}\", system.delay_timer.current()));\n                ui.text(format!(\"PC: {:02X}\", system.registers.peek_pc()));\n                ui.text(format!(\"SP: {:02X}\", system.stack.depth()));\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn hex_memory_display(bytes: Chip8SystemMemory, position: (i32, i32), active: i16, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        let rows = position.0;\n        let cols = position.1;\n        ui.window(\"System Memory\")\n            .size([400.0, 300.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                    let mut current_x_hover: i32 = 0;\n                    let mut current_y_hover: i32 = 0;\n                    // display a block of data\n                    for current_row in 0..rows {\n                        ui.text(format!(\"{:02x}\", current_row * cols));\n                        ui.same_line();\n                        for current_column in 0..cols {\n                            let data_offset = current_row * cols + current_column;\n                            let formatted_text = format!(\"{:02x}\", bytes.peek(data_offset as u16));\n                            let text_location = ui.cursor_screen_pos();\n                            let text_size = ui.calc_text_size(formatted_text.clone());\n                            let bounding_box = imgui::sys::ImVec2 {\n                                x: text_location[0] + text_size[0],\n                                y: text_location[1] + text_size[1],\n                            };\n\n                            let hovering = ui.is_mouse_hovering_rect(text_location, [bounding_box.x, bounding_box.y]);\n                            let is_active = data_offset == active as i32;\n\n                            ui.text_colored(if hovering {\n                                [0., 1., 1., 1.]\n                            } else if is_active {\n                                [1., 0., 1., 1.]\n                            } else {\n                                [1., 1., 0., 1.]\n                            }, formatted_text.clone());\n\n                            // if we are hovering show that at the bottom...\n                            if hovering {\n                                // Optionally change the text color to indicate it's interactable\n                                current_x_hover = current_column;\n                                current_y_hover = current_row;\n\n                                // Check if the left mouse button is clicked while hovering over the text\n                                if ui.is_mouse_clicked(imgui::MouseButton::Left) {\n                                    debug!(\"Offset: [{}] [0x{:02x}] Value: [{}]\", data_offset, data_offset, formatted_text.clone());\n                                    // Perform any action here, e.g., call a function, trigger an event, etc.\n                                }\n                            }\n\n                            // are we on the same line?\n                            if current_column != (cols - 1) {\n                                ui.same_line();\n                            }\n                        }\n                    }\n                    ui.text(format!(\"Offset 0x{:03x}\", current_x_hover * cols + current_y_hover));\n            });\n    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}\n            if working_select.build() {\n                debug!(\"SELECTED {index} / {entry:?}\");\n                working_filename = entry.clone().into_string().unwrap();\n            };\n        }\n        working_filename\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":10,"address":[3557597,3553120,3557436],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":11,"address":[3553281,3553194],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":12,"address":[3553586,3553723,3553289,3553366],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":14,"address":[3553730],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":16,"address":[3554156,3553912,3554315,3554344,3553757],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[3557463],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[3554592],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3554638,3554966,3556448],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[3555719,3554998,3555419,3555075],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[3556425,3555830,3555734,3555974,3556288],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[3556307],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3556210,3557431,3556434],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3556573,3556842,3556453],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3556505,3557047,3557273],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[3554916],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":15},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","support","mod.rs"],"content":"use glium::glutin::surface::WindowSurface;\nuse glium::{Display, Surface};\nuse imgui::{Context, FontConfig, FontGlyphRanges, FontSource, Ui};\nuse imgui_glium_renderer::Renderer;\nuse imgui_winit_support::winit::event::{Event, WindowEvent};\nuse imgui_winit_support::winit::event_loop::EventLoop;\nuse imgui_winit_support::winit::window::WindowBuilder;\nuse imgui_winit_support::{HiDpiMode, WinitPlatform};\nuse std::path::Path;\nuse std::time::Instant;\n\npub mod ui_state;\npub mod emmagui_support;\nmod gui_file_list;\n\nuse copypasta::{ClipboardContext, ClipboardProvider};\nuse imgui::ClipboardBackend;\n\npub struct ClipboardSupport(pub ClipboardContext);\n\npub fn clipboard_init() -\u003e Option\u003cClipboardSupport\u003e {\n    ClipboardContext::new().ok().map(ClipboardSupport)\n}\n\nimpl ClipboardBackend for ClipboardSupport {\n    fn get(\u0026mut self) -\u003e Option\u003cString\u003e {\n        self.0.get_contents().ok()\n    }\n    fn set(\u0026mut self, text: \u0026str) {\n        // ignore errors?\n        let _ = self.0.set_contents(text.to_owned());\n    }\n}\n\npub const FONT_SIZE: f32 = 13.0;\n\n#[allow(dead_code)] // annoyingly, RA yells that this is unusued\npub fn simple_init\u003cF: FnMut(\u0026mut bool, \u0026mut Ui) + 'static\u003e(title: \u0026str, run_ui: F) {\n    init_with_startup(title, |_, _, _| {}, run_ui);\n}\n\npub fn init_with_startup\u003cFInit, FUi\u003e(title: \u0026str, mut startup: FInit, mut run_ui: FUi)\nwhere\n    FInit: FnMut(\u0026mut Context, \u0026mut Renderer, \u0026Display\u003cWindowSurface\u003e) + 'static,\n    FUi: FnMut(\u0026mut bool, \u0026mut Ui) + 'static,\n{\n    let mut imgui = create_context();\n\n    let title = match Path::new(\u0026title).file_name() {\n        Some(file_name) =\u003e file_name.to_str().unwrap(),\n        None =\u003e title,\n    };\n    let event_loop = EventLoop::new().expect(\"Failed to create EventLoop\");\n\n    let builder = WindowBuilder::new()\n        .with_maximized(true)\n        .with_title(title);\n      //  .with_inner_size(LogicalSize::new(1024, 768));\n    let (window, display) = glium::backend::glutin::SimpleWindowBuilder::new()\n        .set_window_builder(builder)\n        .build(\u0026event_loop);\n    let mut renderer = Renderer::init(\u0026mut imgui, \u0026display).expect(\"Failed to initialize renderer\");\n\n    if let Some(backend) = clipboard_init() {\n        imgui.set_clipboard_backend(backend);\n    } else {\n        eprintln!(\"Failed to initialize clipboard\");\n    }\n\n    let mut platform = WinitPlatform::init(\u0026mut imgui);\n    {\n        let dpi_mode = if let Ok(factor) = std::env::var(\"IMGUI_EXAMPLE_FORCE_DPI_FACTOR\") {\n            // Allow forcing of HiDPI factor for debugging purposes\n            match factor.parse::\u003cf64\u003e() {\n                Ok(f) =\u003e HiDpiMode::Locked(f),\n                Err(e) =\u003e panic!(\"Invalid scaling factor: {}\", e),\n            }\n        } else {\n            HiDpiMode::Default\n        };\n\n        platform.attach_window(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, dpi_mode);\n    }\n\n    let mut last_frame = Instant::now();\n\n    startup(\u0026mut imgui, \u0026mut renderer, \u0026display);\n\n    event_loop\n        .run(move |event, window_target| match event {\n            Event::NewEvents(_) =\u003e {\n                let now = Instant::now();\n                imgui.io_mut().update_delta_time(now - last_frame);\n                last_frame = now;\n            }\n            Event::AboutToWait =\u003e {\n                platform\n                    .prepare_frame(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window)\n                    .expect(\"Failed to prepare frame\");\n                window.request_redraw();\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::RedrawRequested,\n                ..\n            } =\u003e {\n                let ui = imgui.frame();\n\n                let mut run = true;\n                run_ui(\u0026mut run, ui);\n                if !run {\n                    window_target.exit();\n                }\n\n                let mut target = display.draw();\n                target.clear_color_srgb(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);\n                platform.prepare_render(ui, \u0026window);\n                let draw_data = imgui.render();\n                renderer\n                    .render(\u0026mut target, draw_data)\n                    .expect(\"Rendering failed\");\n                target.finish().expect(\"Failed to swap buffers\");\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::Resized(new_size),\n                ..\n            } =\u003e {\n                if new_size.width \u003e 0 \u0026\u0026 new_size.height \u003e 0 {\n                    display.resize((new_size.width, new_size.height));\n                }\n                platform.handle_event(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, \u0026event);\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::CloseRequested,\n                ..\n            } =\u003e window_target.exit(),\n            event =\u003e {\n                platform.handle_event(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, \u0026event);\n            }\n        })\n        .expect(\"EventLoop error\");\n}\n\n/// Creates the imgui context\npub fn create_context() -\u003e imgui::Context {\n    let mut imgui = Context::create();\n    // Fixed font size. Note imgui_winit_support uses \"logical\n    // pixels\", which are physical pixels scaled by the devices\n    // scaling factor. Meaning, 13.0 pixels should look the same size\n    // on two different screens, and thus we do not need to scale this\n    // value (as the scaling is handled by winit)\n    imgui.fonts().add_font(\u0026[\n        FontSource::TtfData {\n            data: include_bytes!(\"../../../../resources/Roboto-Regular.ttf\"),\n            size_pixels: FONT_SIZE,\n            config: Some(FontConfig {\n                // As imgui-glium-renderer isn't gamma-correct with\n                // it's font rendering, we apply an arbitrary\n                // multiplier to make the font a bit \"heavier\". With\n                // default imgui-glow-renderer this is unnecessary.\n                rasterizer_multiply: 1.5,\n                // Oversampling font helps improve text rendering at\n                // expense of larger font atlas texture.\n                oversample_h: 4,\n                oversample_v: 4,\n                ..FontConfig::default()\n            }),\n        },\n        FontSource::TtfData {\n            data: include_bytes!(\"../../../../resources/mplus-1p-regular.ttf\"),\n            size_pixels: FONT_SIZE,\n            config: Some(FontConfig {\n                // Oversampling font helps improve text rendering at\n                // expense of larger font atlas texture.\n                oversample_h: 4,\n                oversample_v: 4,\n                // Range of glyphs to rasterize\n                glyph_ranges: FontGlyphRanges::japanese(),\n                ..FontConfig::default()\n            }),\n        },\n    ]);\n    imgui.set_ini_filename(None);\n\n    imgui\n}\n","traces":[{"line":21,"address":[3981264],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3981281],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[3981344],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3981363],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3981408],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[3981431],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[3445718,3446701,3443632],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3443952,3443859],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[3444074,3444260],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[3444415,3444458],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3444782,3444734],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[3445640,3445460],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[3447228],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[3447343],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":97,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":100,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":109,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":114,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":115,"address":[3447715],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":117,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":118,"address":[3447885],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":120,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":121,"address":[3447949],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":123,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":124,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":125,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":126,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":127,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":128,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":130,"address":[3447582,3447478],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":132,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":133,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":134,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":136,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":137,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":144,"address":[3981488,3983036],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":145,"address":[3981505],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":151,"address":[3981529,3982630],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":152,"address":[3981928],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":155,"address":[3981605],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":165,"address":[3981586],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":168,"address":[3982496],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":171,"address":[3982181],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":177,"address":[3982062],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":178,"address":[3982147],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":182,"address":[3982975],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":184,"address":[3983008],"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std::time::Instant;\nuse imgui::ImColor32;\n\npub struct ImGuiUiState {\n    pub show_registers: bool,\n    pub show_memory: bool,\n    pub show_video: bool,\n    pub show_keypad: bool,\n    pub filename_to_load: String,\n    pub on_colour: ImColor32,\n    pub off_colour: ImColor32,\n    pub is_running: bool,\n    pub frame_time: u32,\n    pub last_frame_instant: Instant,\n    pub target_ips: i32\n}\n\nimpl Clone for ImGuiUiState {\n    fn clone(\u0026self) -\u003e Self {\n        ImGuiUiState {\n            show_registers: self.show_registers,\n            show_memory: self.show_memory,\n            show_video: self.show_video,\n            show_keypad: self.show_keypad,\n            filename_to_load: self.filename_to_load.to_string(),\n            on_colour: self.on_colour,\n            off_colour: self.off_colour,\n            is_running: self.is_running,\n            frame_time: self.frame_time,\n            last_frame_instant: self.last_frame_instant,\n            target_ips: self.target_ips\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for ImGuiUiState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        ImGuiUiState {\n            show_registers: false,\n            show_memory: false,\n            show_video: true,\n            show_keypad: true,\n            filename_to_load: String::new(),\n            on_colour: ImColor32::from_rgb(0xff, 0xff, 0x00),\n            off_colour: ImColor32::from_rgb(0x00, 0xff, 0xff),\n            is_running: false,\n            frame_time: 16,\n            last_frame_instant: Instant::now(),\n            target_ips: 20\n        }\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":19,"address":[3461536],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[3461565],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3461569],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[3461573],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[3461577],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[3461580],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[3461604],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3461608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3461612],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3461616],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[3461620],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[3461627],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[3461728,3461954],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[3461747],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[3461759],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[3461814],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[3461827],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":17},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","gemmasdl2.rs"],"content":"mod support;\nuse std::{sync::Arc, time::Instant};\nuse anyhow::Context;\nuse egui::TextBuffer;\nuse egui_glow::glow::{HasContext, COLOR_BUFFER_BIT};\nuse egui_sdl2_platform::sdl2;\nuse sdl2::event::{Event, WindowEvent};\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse support::timestep::TimeStep;\nuse crate::support::gemma_egui_support::GemmaEguiSupport;\n\nconst SCREEN_WIDTH: u32 = 800;\nconst SCREEN_HEIGHT: u32 = 480;\n\nasync fn run() -\u003e anyhow::Result\u003cString\u003e {\n    // Initialize SDL2 and video subsystem\n    let sdl = sdl2::init().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to create SDL context: {}\", e))?;\n    let mut video = sdl.video().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to initialize SDL video subsystem: {}\", e))?;\n\n    // Create SDL2 window and OpenGL context\n    let window = video.window(\"Window\", SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT)\n        .opengl()\n        .position_centered()\n        .build()?;\n    let _gl_context = window.gl_create_context().expect(\"Failed to create GL context\");\n\n    // Load OpenGL functions\n    let gl = unsafe {\n        egui_glow::painter::Context::from_loader_function(|name| {\n            video.gl_get_proc_address(name) as *const _\n        })\n    };\n    let mut painter = egui_glow::Painter::new(Arc::new(gl), \"\", None)?;\n\n    // Setup Egui and SDL2 platform\n    let mut platform = egui_sdl2_platform::Platform::new(window.size())?;\n    let mut event_pump = sdl.event_pump().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to get SDL event pump: {}\", e))?;\n\n    // Initial settings\n    let mut color = [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]; // Background color\n    let start_time = Instant::now();\n    let mut timestep = TimeStep::new();\n\n    let mut computer = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let mut is_running: bool = false;\n    computer.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026std::fs::read(\"resources/roms/3-corax+.ch8\")?);\n\n    // Main loop\n    'main: loop {\n        // Update the Egui platform with the current time\n        platform.update_time(start_time.elapsed().as_secs_f64());\n\n        // Begin Egui frame\n        let ctx = platform.context();\n\n        if is_running {\n            computer.step_system();\n        }\n\n        egui::Window::new(\"Hello, world!\").show(\u0026ctx, |ui| {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::video_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n            GemmaEguiSupport::memory_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n            GemmaEguiSupport::registers_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n        });\n\n        // Process Egui frame\n        let full_output = platform.end_frame(\u0026mut video)?;\n        let paint_jobs = platform.tessellate(\u0026full_output);\n\n        // Clear the screen with the current color\n        unsafe {\n            painter.gl().clear_color(color[0], color[1], color[2], 1.0);\n            painter.gl().clear(COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);\n        }\n\n        // Paint Egui outputs and update textures\n        let size = window.size();\n        painter.paint_and_update_textures([size.0, size.1], 1.0, paint_jobs.as_slice(), \u0026full_output.textures_delta);\n        window.gl_swap_window();\n\n        // Run the timestep logic\n        timestep.run_this(|_| {});\n\n        // Handle SDL2 events\n        for event in event_pump.poll_iter() {\n            match event {\n                Event::Quit { .. }\n                | Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::Escape), .. } =\u003e break 'main,\n                Event::Window { window_id, win_event, .. } if window_id == window.id() =\u003e {\n                    if let WindowEvent::Close = win_event {\n                        break 'main;\n                    }\n                }\n                Event::KeyUp { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F3), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F3 -\u003e running\");\n                    is_running = true;\n                }\n                Event::KeyUp { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F4), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F4 -\u003e stopping\");\n                    is_running = false;\n                }\n                Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F5), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F5 -\u003e Step\");\n                    computer.step_system();\n                }\n                Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F6), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F6 -\u003e RESET\");\n                    computer.reset();\n                }\n                Event::ControllerButtonDown { which, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"PLAYER {which} DOWN\");\n                }\n                Event::ControllerButtonDown { button, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"BUTTON {:?}\", button);\n                }\n                Event::JoyButtonDown {button_idx, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"JoyButtonDown {}\", button_idx);\n                }\n                Event::JoyAxisMotion { which, axis_idx, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"JoyAxismotion {which} {axis_idx}\");\n                }\n                _ =\u003e platform.handle_event(\u0026event, \u0026sdl, \u0026video),\n            }\n        }\n\n        // Optionally log the frame rate\n        if let Some(fps) = timestep.frame_rate() {\n            println!(\"{:?} fps\", fps);\n        }\n\n        let num_js = sdl.joystick().unwrap().num_joysticks().unwrap();\n        println!(\"NUM JS = {num_js}\");\n    }\n\n    Ok((\"\").parse()?)\n}\n\nfn main() -\u003e anyhow::Result\u003c()\u003e {\n    pollster::block_on(run())?;\n    Ok(())\n}\n","traces":[{"line":15,"address":[738576],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[745385,752544,752649,745302,752506,752773,745491],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":18,"address":[752504,752848,752953,753077,745484,745747,745592],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[745908,745832,745696,746087],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[746164],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[746265,753152],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[753170],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[746324,746569,752423],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[746692,746536,746871,752402],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[746972,747146,753413,753184,752381,753289,746864],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":40,"address":[747076],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[747246,747120],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[747269],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[747276],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[747295],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":46,"address":[752341,747303,747378],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[747640],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[747756],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[747799],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[747899,747836],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[747933,753488,747809],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[753506],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[753520],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[753534],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[748183,747955],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[748156],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[748376,748268],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[748469],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[748535],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[748584],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[748692],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[753552,748719,753563],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[748726,748829],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[751798,750151,748877,750741],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[750648,750082],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[750700],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[751913],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":95,"address":[751834,751886],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[751905],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[751945],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[751860,751918],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":100,"address":[751937],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[751750],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[751712,750792],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[751731],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[751793],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[750821,751755],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[751774],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[750467],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[752224],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[750338],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":117,"address":[752150],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[750195],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":120,"address":[752060],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":122,"address":[750014,752298],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":127,"address":[748937,748822],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":128,"address":[749117],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":131,"address":[749740,749110,749427],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":132,"address":[749876],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[750991,750924],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":138,"address":[738592],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":139,"address":[738768,738599],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":140,"address":[738757],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":63},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_support.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::read_dir;\nuse std::ops::Index;\nuse std::path::{Display, PathBuf};\nuse std::thread;\nuse std::time::Duration;\nuse egui::{Align, Color32, ComboBox, Direction, Pos2, Response, TextBuffer};\nuse egui::Rect;\nuse egui::Vec2;\nuse egui::Ui;\nuse egui::WidgetType::SelectableLabel;\nuse crate::Chip8Computer;\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: f32 = 5.0;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: f32 = 5.0;\n\npub struct EGuiFileList {}\nimpl EGuiFileList {\n    pub fn display_path(root: PathBuf, selected_filename: \u0026mut String, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let mut working_filename = selected_filename.clone();\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n           //  ui.label(format!(\"Displaying {}\", root.to_str().unwrap_or(\"Unable to Load Path\")));\n            ComboBox::from_label(\"Select ROM\")\n                .selected_text(selected_filename.clone())\n                .show_ui(ui, |ui| {\n\n                    let mut sorted_options = vec![];\n                    for option in read_dir(root.as_path()).unwrap() {\n                        let to_push = option.unwrap().file_name().into_string().unwrap_or( String::new());\n                        sorted_options.push(to_push);\n                    }\n\n                    sorted_options.sort();\n                    for item in sorted_options {\n                    // Add each option to the ComboBox\n                      if  ui.selectable_label(selected_filename.eq(\u0026item.as_str()), item.clone()).clicked()\n                        {\n                            *selected_filename = item;\n                        }\n                    }\n                });\n            // Display the selected option\n        });\n    }\n}\n\npub struct GemmaEguiSupport {}\n\nimpl GemmaEguiSupport {\n    pub fn controls_view(mut system: \u0026mut Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n         ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n             if ui.button(\"Start\").clicked() {\n                 println!(\"Start\");\n          //       state.is_running = true;\n             }\n             if ui.button(\"Step\").clicked() {\n                 system.step_system();\n             }\n\n             if ui.button(\"Stop\").clicked() {\n                 println!(\"STOP\");\n            //     state.is_running = false;\n             }\n             if ui.button(\"Reset\").clicked() {\n                 system.reset();\n              //   state.is_running = false;\n             }\n         });\n\n     //       if ui.button(format!(\"Load {}\", state.selected_rom_filename)).clicked() {\n                // load the bin...\n       //         let read_bin = std::fs::read(PathBuf::from(format!(\"resources/roms/{}\", state.selected_rom_filename))).unwrap();\n                // ...then feed the system.\n       //         system.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026read_bin);\n       //         println!(\"Loaded {}\", state.selected_rom_filename);\n       //     }\n       //      EGuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(\"resources/roms\"), \u0026mut state.selected_rom_filename, ui);\n\n\n\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(Align::TOP), |ui| {\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_memory, \"Display Memory\");\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_video, \"Display Video\");\n         //   ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_registers, \"Display Registers\");\n        });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(format!(\"V0-7: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x00),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x01),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x02),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x03),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x04),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x05),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x06),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x07)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"V8-F: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x08),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x09),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0A),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0B),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0C),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0D),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0E),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0F)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"PC: {:04x}\\tI: {:04x}\", system.registers.peek_pc(), system.registers.peek_i()));\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let (_resp, painter) = ui.allocate_painter(Vec2::new(350.0, 165.0), egui::Sense::hover());\n        for current_row in 0..32 {\n            for current_col in 0..64 {\n                let data_offset = current_row * 64 + current_col;\n                let x_offset = current_col as f32 * CELL_WIDTH;\n                let y_offset = current_row as f32 * CELL_HEIGHT;\n                let origin = Pos2::new(x_offset, y_offset);\n                let colour = if system.video_memory.peek(data_offset) {\n                    Color32::RED\n                } else {\n                    Color32::WHITE\n                };\n                let rect = Rect::from_min_size(origin, Vec2::new(CELL_WIDTH, CELL_HEIGHT));\n                painter.rect_filled(rect, 0.0, colour);\n                // println!(\"Cell {current_col}x{current_row} at {}x{} -\u003e {}\",\n                //          origin.x, origin.y,\n                //          system.video_memory.peek(data_offset));\n            }\n        }\n    //    thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));\n    }\n\n    pub fn memory_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(\"Memory View\");\n\n        for i in (0..=0x200).step_by(16) {\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                for y in 0..16 {\n                    ui.label(format!(\"{:02x}\", system.memory.peek((i + y) as u16)).as_str());\n                }\n            });\n        }\n        ui.label(\"Should have **something** to adjust the 'memory window'\");\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":18,"address":[787872,788303],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[787902],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[788131],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[810765,810940,810875],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[810990,810810,810922],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[810930,813212,811024,812807],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[811060],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[811447,811117,811582,813167,811611,811221],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[812838,813202],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[813096],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[811853],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[812127,812783,811887,812077],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[812770,812478,812277,812167],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[812589],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[788336],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[788466],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[813273,813384],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[813459],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[813499,813622],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[813706],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[813845,813722],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[813929],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[814092,813969],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[814173],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[788681],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[788816],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":88,"address":[790696,792088,791160,790464,791392,791856,792465,789976,790928,791624],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[788864],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[789001],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[789141],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[789281],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[789421],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[789561],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":95,"address":[789701],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[789841],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[795028,794100,794796,795260,795724,794332,796104,793612,794564,795492],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[792497],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":101,"address":[792777],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[792917],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[793057],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[793197],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[793337],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[793477],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[796145,796281,796708,797123,796940,796412],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[797168,798540],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":112,"address":[797223],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":113,"address":[797601,797705,797519],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":114,"address":[797824,797726],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":115,"address":[798108,797939],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[798028],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":117,"address":[798062],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":118,"address":[798148],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[798225,798184],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":120,"address":[798227],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":122,"address":[798212],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":125,"address":[798454],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":134,"address":[798576],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[798609],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":137,"address":[798643,798856],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":138,"address":[798969],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":139,"address":[814328,814270],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":140,"address":[814339,814899,814717,814469],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":144,"address":[798798],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":63},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","mod.rs"],"content":"pub mod timestep;\npub mod gemma_egui_support;\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","timestep.rs"],"content":"\n//! Gameplay speed control. It attempts to mimic/limit progression to\n//! the 30 tics per second Doom used.\n\nuse std::{fmt, time::Instant};\n\nconst MS_PER_UPDATE: f32 = 28.57;\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\npub struct TimeStep {\n    last_time: Instant,\n    delta_time: f32,\n    frame_count: u32,\n    frame_time: f32,\n    run_tics: u32,\n    last_tics: u32,\n    lag: f32,\n}\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\npub struct FrameData {\n    pub tics: u32,\n    pub frames: u32,\n}\n\nimpl fmt::Display for FrameData {\n    fn fmt(\u0026self, f: \u0026mut fmt::Formatter\u003c'_\u003e) -\u003e fmt::Result {\n        f.write_fmt(format_args!(\n            \"FrameData (per-second):\\n  - tics: {}\\n  -  fps: {}\",\n            self.tics, self.frames\n        ))\n    }\n}\n\nimpl TimeStep {\n    pub fn new() -\u003e TimeStep {\n        TimeStep {\n            last_time: Instant::now(),\n            delta_time: 0.0,\n            frame_count: 0,\n            frame_time: 0.0,\n            run_tics: 0,\n            last_tics: 0,\n            lag: 0.0,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn delta(\u0026mut self) -\u003e f32 {\n        let current_time = Instant::now();\n        let delta = current_time.duration_since(self.last_time).as_micros() as f32 * 0.001;\n        self.last_time = current_time;\n        self.delta_time = delta;\n        delta\n    }\n\n    /// Increments self time and returns current lag. `run_this` is run only for\n    /// `n` tics available.\n    pub fn run_this(\u0026mut self, mut run_this: impl FnMut(f32)) {\n        let dt = self.delta();\n        self.lag += dt;\n        while self.lag \u003e= MS_PER_UPDATE {\n            run_this(dt);\n            self.lag -= MS_PER_UPDATE;\n            self.run_tics += 1;\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn frame_rate(\u0026mut self) -\u003e Option\u003cFrameData\u003e {\n        self.frame_count += 1;\n        self.frame_time += self.delta_time;\n        let tmp;\n        let tmp2;\n        // per second\n        if self.frame_time \u003e= 1000.0 {\n            tmp = self.frame_count;\n            tmp2 = self.last_tics;\n            self.frame_count = 0;\n            self.frame_time = 0.0;\n            self.last_tics = self.run_tics;\n            return Some(FrameData {\n                tics: self.run_tics - tmp2,\n                frames: tmp,\n            });\n        }\n\n        None\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for TimeStep {\n    // shutup clippy!\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self::new()\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":27,"address":[830752],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[830856,830940],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[831040],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[831054],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[831136],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[831149],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[831171],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[831247],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[831262],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[831280],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[831304,831366],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[831331],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[831346],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[831400],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[831410],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[831417],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[831424],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[831432],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[831477],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[831491,831438],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[831387],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[831520],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[831528],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":30},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmatelnet","src","bin","gemmatelnetd.rs"],"content":"fn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n}","traces":[{"line":1,"address":[116144,116192],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":2,"address":[116148],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":1,"coverable":2},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","bin2hex.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::File;\nuse std::io;\nuse std::io::{BufReader, Read};\nuse clap::{Arg, Command, ArgAction, ValueEnum};\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\nstruct CliArgs {\n    input: String,\n}\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft!\");\n    // Set up the command line arguments\n    let matches = Command::new(\"my_program\")\n        .about(\"Processes an input file and outputs it with a specified bit width\")\n        .arg(\n            Arg::new(\"input\")\n                .help(\"The input file to process\")\n                .required(true)\n                .index(1),\n        )\n\n        .get_matches();\n\n    // Parse the command-line arguments\n    let args = CliArgs {\n        input: matches.get_one::\u003cString\u003e(\"input\").unwrap().to_string(),\n    };\n\n    // Use the parsed arguments\n    println!(\"Input file: {}\", args.input);\n\n    // behave like a shift register and load each character from the file 1 by 1.\n    let results = read_file_to_bools(\u0026args.input);\n    for result in results.unwrap().bytes() {\n        print!(\"0x{:02x}, \", result.unwrap());\n    }\n}\nfn read_file_to_bools(file_path: \u0026str) -\u003e io::Result\u003cVec\u003cu8\u003e\u003e {\n    // Open the file\n    let file = File::open(file_path)?;\n    let mut reader = BufReader::new(file);\n\n    let mut bytes = Vec::new();\n    reader.read_to_end(\u0026mut bytes)?;\n\n    let mut output = Vec::new();\n    let mut current_byte = 0u8;\n    let mut bit_index = 0;\n\n    for \u0026byte in \u0026bytes {\n        // Convert ASCII character '1' or '0' to boolean, skip any other characters\n        let bit = match byte {\n            b'1' =\u003e true,\n            b'0' =\u003e false,\n            _ =\u003e continue,  // Skip non-'1' or '0' characters\n        };\n\n        // Set the appropriate bit in the current byte\n        if bit {\n            current_byte |= 1 \u003c\u003c (7 - bit_index);  // Set the bit at the correct position\n        }\n\n        bit_index += 1;\n\n        // Once we have filled 8 bits, push the byte and reset\n        if bit_index == 8 {\n            output.push(current_byte);\n            current_byte = 0;\n            bit_index = 0;\n        }\n    }\n\n    // If there are remaining bits, push the last byte (it will be partially filled)\n    if bit_index \u003e 0 {\n        output.push(current_byte);\n    }\n\n\n\n    Ok(output)\n}\n\n","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[253074,250928],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":12,"address":[250950],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":14,"address":[251331,251007,251256],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[251161,251089],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[251513,251344],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[251740],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[251817],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[252189,252329,252086],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[252701,252965,252584],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[254208,254264,253120],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[253153,253251],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[253219],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[253330],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[253552,253458,253390],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[253540],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[253585],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[253593],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[253683,253612,253777],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[253798],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[253966],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[253976],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[254093,253984],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[254014,254095],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[254117,254139,253994],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[254124,254203],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[254157],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[254184],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[254192],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[253765],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[253901],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[253827],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":31},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","ch8asm.rs"],"content":"use std::fs;\n// Ch8Asm\n// Converts well formed CH8ASM.\n// no variables.\n// no labels.\n// nothing fun.\nuse pest::Parser;\nuse pest_derive::Parser;\n\n#[derive(Parser)]\n#[grammar = \"chip8_asm.pest\"]\npub struct Chip8AsmParser;\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n\n\n\n    let unparsed = fs::read_to_string(\"resources/test/gemma_disassembler_1_chip_logo_ch8_asm.asc\").expect(\"Unable to read input\");\n\n    let file = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::file, \u0026unparsed).expect(\"Unable to parse.  Try again.\")\n        .next().unwrap();\n\n    for record in file.into_inner() {\n        match record.as_rule() {\n            Rule::instruction =\u003e {\n                println!(\"INSTRUCTION = {:?}\", record.into_inner().flatten())\n            }\n            _ =\u003e {\n                println!(\"UNHANDLED PART.\");\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nmod test {\n    use super::*;\n\n    #[test]\n    fn bits_all_parse() {\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::instruction, \"CLS\")\n        );\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::parameter, \"0x01\")\n        );\n        let parsed = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::comment, \"; comment\").unwrap();\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"PARSED COMMENT -\u003e {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        let parsed =\n            Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"CLS ; comment\").unwrap();\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"RULE PAIR THING: {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        let parsed = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADDI 0x01 ; comment\");\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"RULE PAIR THING: {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD ADD ADD\")\n        );\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD 0x01 0x02 ; Comment\")\n        );\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD 0x01 0x02 ; Comment\")\n        );\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[200576,201827,201921],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":15,"address":[200583],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[200639],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[200710,200786],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[201236,201045,201280,201865],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[201427,201344],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[201448,201572,201699],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[201836,201527],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":8},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","ch8disasm.rs"],"content":"use std::path::Path;\nuse clap::{command, Parser};\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION;\n\n/// ch8disasm\n///\n/// Provide disassembled version of the CH8 file provided.\n#[derive(Parser)]\n#[command(version, about, long_about = None)]\nstruct DisassemblerApp {\n    #[arg(short)]\n    input_file: Box\u003cPath\u003e,\n    #[arg(short)]\n    output_file: Option\u003cBox\u003cPath\u003e\u003e,\n}\n\nstruct Disassembler {}\nimpl Disassembler {\n    pub fn disassemble(from_data: Vec\u003cu8\u003e) -\u003e String {\n        let mut working_instruction: u16 = 0x0000;\n\n        // read the input data and loop through it byte by byte.\n        let mut output_string = String::new();\n\n        for (offset, byte) in from_data.iter().enumerate() {\n            working_instruction = (working_instruction \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16);\n            if offset % 2 != 0 {\n                let decoded = Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(working_instruction);\n                let decoded_string = decoded.to_string();\n                let mut current_parts = String::new();\n\n                match decoded {\n                    XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e {\n                        current_parts = format!(\"DW 0x{:04x}\", working_instruction);\n                    }\n                    _ =\u003e {\n                        current_parts = format!(\"{}\", decoded);\n                    }\n                };\n\n                let target_length: i32 = 25;\n                let spacing_length = target_length.saturating_sub(current_parts.len() as i32);\n\n                // now add the rest after the string\n                let x = spacing_length as usize;\n                current_parts = format!(\"{}{:\u003cx$}; Bytes [0x{:04x}] offset [0x{:04x}]\\n\", current_parts, \" \", working_instruction, offset -1);\n                //   println!(\"SHOULD OUTPUT: [{current_parts}]\");\n                output_string = output_string.to_string() + \u0026*current_parts.to_string();\n\n                working_instruction = 0x0000;\n            }\n        }\n\n        output_string\n    }\n}\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n    let result = DisassemblerApp::parse();\n    println!(\"PREPARING TO DISASSEMBLE {:?}\", result.input_file.file_name());\n\n\n    let source_file = result.input_file.to_str().unwrap();\n    let decompiled_program = Disassembler::disassemble(\n        std::fs::read(source_file).unwrap()\n    );\n\n\n    match result.output_file {\n        None =\u003e {\n            println!(\"Output to console.\");\n            println!(\"OS: \\n\\n{}\", decompiled_program);\n        }\n        Some(target) =\u003e {\n            println!(\"Output to {:?}\", target);\n            std::fs::write(target, decompiled_program).unwrap();\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nmod test {\n    #[test]\n    fn smoke() { assert!(true); }\n\n    #[test]\n    fn assemble_test_file() {\n\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":20,"address":[433113,428704],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[428746],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[428772],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[429185,428831,428903],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[429227],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[429273],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[429287],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[429351],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[429366],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[429417],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[429969,429705,430123],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[430551],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[430288,430409],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[428735],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[430273,430629,430561],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":46,"address":[430636],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[431829,431121,432540,432293,431597,431217,430978,432061],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[433072,432682],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[433021],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[429128],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[435003,433136,434933],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[433143],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[433207],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[433461,433228,433335],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[433530,433682],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[433698],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":71,"address":[433975],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[434004,434237],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[434366],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[434033],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[434517],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[434586],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":32},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmautil","tests","assmber_tests.rs"],"content":"#[test]\nfn smoke() { assert!(true) }\n\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0}]};
-        var previousData = {"files":[{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","computer.rs"],"content":"use log::{debug};\nuse crate::chip8::delay_timer::DelayTimer;\nuse crate::chip8::keypad::Keypad;\nuse crate::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode;\nuse crate::chip8::registers::Chip8Registers;\nuse crate::chip8::sound_timer::SoundTimer;\nuse crate::chip8::stack::Chip8Stack;\n\nuse super::{\n    cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates, instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions, system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory, video::Chip8Video,\n};\n\n#[derive(Clone)]\npub struct Chip8Computer {\n    pub num_cycles: i32,\n    pub memory: Chip8SystemMemory,\n    pub registers: Chip8Registers,\n    pub sound_timer: SoundTimer,\n    pub delay_timer: DelayTimer,\n    pub video_memory: Chip8Video,\n    pub state: Chip8CpuStates,\n    pub keypad: Keypad,\n    pub stack: Chip8Stack,\n    pub quirk_mode: QuirkMode\n}\nimpl Default for Chip8Computer {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            num_cycles: 0,\n            memory: Chip8SystemMemory::default(),\n            video_memory: Chip8Video::default(),\n            registers: Chip8Registers::default(),\n            sound_timer: SoundTimer::new(),\n            delay_timer: DelayTimer::new(),\n            state: Chip8CpuStates::default(),\n            keypad: Keypad::default(),\n            stack: Chip8Stack::default(),\n            quirk_mode: QuirkMode::default()\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Computer {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.video_memory.reset();\n        self.num_cycles = 0;\n        self.registers.reset();\n        self.delay_timer.reset();\n        self.sound_timer.reset();\n        self.stack.reset();\n        self.memory.reset();\n        self.quirk_mode = QuirkMode::Chip8;\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_keypad_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.keypad.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_registers_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.registers.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_video_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.clone().video_memory.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn new_with_program(new_program: Vec\u003cu16\u003e) -\u003e Self {\n        let mut working = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n        for (i, \u0026word) in new_program.iter().enumerate() {\n            let high = (word \u003e\u003e 8) as u8;\n            let low = (word \u0026 0xff) as u8;\n            let base_offset = (i * 2) as u16;\n            working.memory.poke(base_offset, high);\n            working.memory.poke(base_offset + 1, low);\n        }\n        working\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Computer::default()\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_bytes_to_memory(\u0026mut self, offset: u16, to_load: \u0026Vec\u003cu8\u003e) {\n        let total_len = to_load.len() as u16;\n        for current_index in 0..total_len {\n            let new_value = to_load[current_index as usize];\n            let new_location = current_index + offset;\n            self.memory.poke(new_location, new_value);\n        }\n        self.registers.set_pc(offset);\n    }\n\n    pub fn step_system(\u0026mut self) -\u003e \u0026mut Chip8Computer {\n        debug!(\"Stepping System 1 Step\");\n        // read the next instruction\n        let local_memory = \u0026self.memory;\n\n    //    let mut working_instruction: u16 = 0b0000000000000000;\n        let start_pc = self.registers.peek_pc();\n        let high_byte = (local_memory.peek(start_pc) as u16).rotate_left(8);\n        let low_byte = local_memory.peek(start_pc + 1) as u16;\n        let result = high_byte | low_byte;\n        let decoded_instruction =\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(result);\n        // todo: THIS IS BAD AND IS A SIDE EFFECT\n        decoded_instruction.execute(self);\n\n        match self.state {\n            Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction =\u003e {\n                self.sound_timer.tick();\n                self.delay_timer.tick();\n                self.video_memory.tick();\n                self.num_cycles += 1;\n            }\n            Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey =\u003e {\n                debug!(\"waiting for a key press...\");\n            }\n            _ =\u003e {}\n        }\n        self\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":25,"address":[542857,542416],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":28,"address":[318341],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":11}},{"line":29,"address":[318354],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":30,"address":[542479],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":31,"address":[542542],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":32,"address":[542557],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":33,"address":[3501948],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":34,"address":[3501959],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":35,"address":[38713562],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":41,"address":[708752],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":42,"address":[318750],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":43,"address":[318760],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":44,"address":[542915],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":45,"address":[38713893],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":46,"address":[708823],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":47,"address":[708841],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":50,"address":[781200],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[1101377],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[318896],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[40311393],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[319071,318944],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":59,"address":[318993],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":62,"address":[38714208,38714894],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[543285],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[38714629,38714376,38714307],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":66,"address":[1102092],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[781950],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[38714718,38714785],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[543801],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[38714810],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[709502],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[1102336],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":75,"address":[3503352],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":11}},{"line":78,"address":[709872],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":79,"address":[1102413],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":80,"address":[3503432,3503521],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":81,"address":[38715120],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":82,"address":[3503632,3503577],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":83,"address":[38715195],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":85,"address":[38715079],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":88,"address":[40312608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":89,"address":[40312858,40312643],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":91,"address":[1102715],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":94,"address":[1102735],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":95,"address":[782606,782669],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":96,"address":[3504214,3503845,3504051],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":97,"address":[40313042],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":98,"address":[3504098],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":101,"address":[710629],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":103,"address":[544806],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":104,"address":[710864],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":105,"address":[320661],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":106,"address":[1103258],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":107,"address":[40313244],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":108,"address":[1103287,1103354,1103365],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":111,"address":[3504314,3504417],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}}],"covered":43,"coverable":56},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","computer_manager.rs"],"content":"use std::sync::mpsc::{channel, Sender};\nuse std::thread;\nuse std::thread::{sleep, JoinHandle, Thread};\nuse std::time::{Duration, Instant};\nuse crate::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates;\nuse crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction;\npub enum ManagerDumpables {\n    Video,\n    Registers,\n    Keyboard\n}\n\npub struct Chip8ComputerManager {\n    core_should_run: bool,\n    one_step: bool,\n    core_cycle_timer: bool,\n    core_last_cycle_start: Instant,\n    computer: Chip8Computer\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8ComputerManager {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8ComputerManager {\n            core_should_run: false,\n            one_step: false,\n            core_cycle_timer: false,\n            core_last_cycle_start: Instant::now()   ,\n            computer: Chip8Computer::new()\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8ComputerManager {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.one_step = false;\n        self.core_should_run = false;\n        self.computer.reset();\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Chip8ComputerManager {\n        let core_handle = thread::spawn(move || {\n           loop {\n               let start_time = Instant::now();\n               let sleep_time = Instant::now().duration_since(start_time).as_millis();\n               sleep(Duration::from_millis((16 - sleep_time) as u64));\n           }\n        });\n\n        Chip8ComputerManager::default()\n    }\n\n    pub fn start(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.core_should_run = true;\n    }\n\n    pub fn stop(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.core_should_run = false\n    }\n\n    pub fn step(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.one_step = true;\n    }\n\n    pub fn state(\u0026mut self) -\u003e \u0026Chip8Computer {\n        \u0026self.computer\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick( \u0026mut self) -\u003e bool {\n     //   println!(\"STARTING TICK\");\n        let mut did_tick: bool = false;\n        if self.one_step | self.core_should_run  {\n            match self.computer.state {\n                WaitingForInstruction =\u003e {\n                    self.core_last_cycle_start = Instant::now();\n                    self.computer.step_system();\n                    did_tick = true\n                 //   println!(\"SYSTEM STEP\");\n                }\n                _ =\u003e {}\n            }\n        };\n        if self.one_step {\n            println!(\"SYSTEM HALTED AFTER 1 STEP\");\n            // stop the CPU for the next cycle, we are only\n            // wanting one step.\n            self.one_step = false;\n            did_tick = true;\n        }\n        did_tick\n    }\n\n    pub fn press_key(\u0026mut self, key_index: u8) {\n        self.computer.keypad.push_key(key_index);\n        if matches!(self.computer.state, Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey) {\n            self.computer.state = WaitingForInstruction\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn release_key(\u0026mut self, key_index: u8) {\n        self.computer.keypad.release_key(key_index);\n    }\n\n    pub fn sound(managed: \u0026Chip8ComputerManager) -\u003e bool {\n        managed.computer.sound_timer.current() \u003e 0\n    }\n\n    pub fn wait_for_instruction(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.computer.state = WaitingForInstruction;\n    }\n\n    pub fn is_key_pressed(\u0026self, key_index: u8) -\u003e bool {\n        self.computer.keypad.pressed(key_index)\n    }\n\n    pub fn num_cycles(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        self.computer.num_cycles\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_bytes_to_system_memory(\u0026mut self, bytes_to_load: Vec\u003cu8\u003e) {\n        self.computer.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026bytes_to_load);\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_to_string(\u0026self, dump_type: ManagerDumpables) -\u003e String {\n        match dump_type {\n            ManagerDumpables::Video =\u003e {\n                self.computer.video_memory.format_as_string()\n            }\n            ManagerDumpables::Registers =\u003e {\n                self.computer.registers.format_as_string()\n            }\n            ManagerDumpables::Keyboard =\u003e {\n                self.computer.keypad.format_as_string()\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":23,"address":[40282096],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[258560],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3471454],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[3471552],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[258677],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[40282351,40282256],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[737328],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[770628],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[3494316],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[235130],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[3471600],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[3471696],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[3471701],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[40282400],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[3471717],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[40282416],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[3471733],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[40282432],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":66,"address":[3471760],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[258878],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[40282501],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":71,"address":[3471826],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[3471850],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[258901,259007],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[40282551],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[40282585],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[40282608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[3471941],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":88,"address":[3471959],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[3471977],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[3472000],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[3472016],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[259152],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":97,"address":[40282741],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":100,"address":[3472080],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":101,"address":[40282773],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[259216],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[3472128],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[3472160],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":109,"address":[40282853],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":112,"address":[3472257,3472176],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":113,"address":[40282881],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[40282976],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":117,"address":[3472318],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[40283050],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":122,"address":[3472380],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":125,"address":[3472405],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":47},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","cpu_states.rs"],"content":"#[derive(Clone, Copy, Default)]\npub enum Chip8CpuStates {\n    #[default]\n    WaitingForInstruction,\n    WaitingForKey,\n    ExecutingInstruction,\n    Error,\n}\n\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","delay_timer.rs"],"content":"#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub struct DelayTimer {\n    counter: u8\n}\n\nimpl DelayTimer {\n    pub fn current(\u0026self) -\u003e u8 {\n        self.counter\n    }\n\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        DelayTimer {\n            counter: 0xff\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.counter = 0xff;\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_timer(\u0026mut self, new_value: u8) {\n        self.counter = new_value as u8\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        if self.counter \u003e 0 {\n            self.counter -= 1;\n        }\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":7,"address":[655760],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":8,"address":[40265525],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":17,"address":[38702896],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":18,"address":[232917],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":21,"address":[1127840],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":22,"address":[578380],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":25,"address":[578384],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":26,"address":[772334,772375],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":11}},{"line":27,"address":[3507725,3507753],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}}],"covered":9,"coverable":9},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","instructions.rs"],"content":"use std::arch::x86_64::_mm_xor_pd;\nuse std::fmt::{Debug, Display, Formatter};\nuse std::ops::{BitAnd, Deref, Shr};\nuse std::time::Instant;\nuse chrono::ParseMonthError;\nuse log::debug;\nuse rand::{random, Rng};\nuse crate::chip8::computer::{Chip8Computer};\nuse crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey;\nuse crate::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::*;\nuse crate::chip8::util::InstructionUtil;\nuse crate::constants::{*};\n\n/*\nnnn or addr - A 12-bit value, the lowest 12 bits of the instruction\nn or nibble - A 4-bit value, the lowest 4 bits of the instruction\nx - A 4-bit value, the lower 4 bits of the high byte of the instruction\ny - A 4-bit value, the upper 4 bits of the low byte of the instruction\nkk or byte - An 8-bit value, the lowest 8 bits of the instruction\n */\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\npub enum Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    /// 0nnn\n    /// Exit to System Call at nnn\n    SYS(u16),\n    /// 00E0\n    /// Clear the display.\n    CLS,\n    /// 00EE\n    /// Return from a subroutine.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter sets the program counter to the address at the top of the stack,\n    /// then subtracts 1 from the stack pointer.\n    RET,\n    /// 1nnn\n    /// Jump to location nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter sets the program counter to nnn.\n    JPA(u16),\n    /// 2nnn\n    /// Call subroutine at nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter increments the stack pointer, then puts the current PC on the top\n    /// of the stack. The PC is then set to nnn.\n    CALL(u16),\n    /// 0x3xkk\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are equal, increments the\n    /// program counter by 2.\n    SEX(u8, u8),\n    /// 4xkk\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx != kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are not equal, increments\n    /// the program counter by 2.\n    SNEB(u8, u8),\n    /// 5xy0\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx = Vy.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to register Vy, and if they are equal, increments\n    /// the program counter by 2.\n    SEY(u8, u8),\n    /// 6xkk\n    /// Set Vx = kk\n    LDR(u8, u8),\n    /// 7xkk\n    /// The interpreter puts the value kk into register Vx.\n    ADD(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy0\n    /// Adds the value kk to the value of register Vx, then stores the result in Vx.\n    LDR_Y(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy1\n    /// Stores the value of register Vy in register Vx.\n    OR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy2\n    /// Set Vx = Vx OR Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise OR on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the result in Vx.\n    /// A bitwise OR compares the corrseponding bits from two values, and if either\n    /// bit is 1, then the same bit in the result is also 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    AND(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy3\n    /// Set Vx = Vx AND Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise AND on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the result in Vx.\n    /// A bitwise AND compares the corrseponding bits from two values, and if both bits\n    /// are 1, then the same bit in the result is also 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    ORY(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy4\n    /// Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise exclusive OR on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the\n    /// result in Vx. An exclusive OR compares the corrseponding bits from two values,\n    /// and if the bits are not both the same, then the corresponding bit in the result\n    /// is set to 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    ADDR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy5\n    /// Set Vx = Vx + Vy, set VF = carry.\n    ///\n    /// The values of Vx and Vy are added together. If the result is greater than 8 bits\n    /// (i.e., \u003e 255,) VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Only the lowest 8 bits of the result\n    /// are kept, and stored in Vx.\n    SUB(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy6\n    /// Set Vx = Vx - Vy, set VF = NOT borrow.\n    ///\n    /// If Vx \u003e Vy, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vy is subtracted from Vx, and the\n    /// results stored in Vx.\n    SHR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy7\n    /// If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx\n    /// is divided by 2.\n    SUBC(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xye\n    /// Set Vx = Vy - Vx, set VF = NOT borrow.\n    //\n    /// If Vy \u003e Vx, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is subtracted from Vy, and the\n    /// results stored in Vx.\n    SHL(u8, u8),\n    /// 9xy0\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx != Vy.\n    ///\n    /// The values of Vx and Vy are compared, and if they are not equal, the program\n    /// counter is increased by 2.\n    SNEY(u8, u8),\n    /// Annn\n    /// Set I = nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The value of register I is set to nnn\n    LDIA(u16),\n    /// Bnnn\n    /// Jump to location nnn + V0.\n    ///\n    /// The program counter is set to nnn plus the value of V0.\n    JPI(u16),\n    /// Cxkk\n    /// Set Vx = random byte AND kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter generates a random number from 0 to 255, which is then\n    /// ANDed with the value kk. The results are stored in Vx. See instruction\n    /// 8xy2 for more information on AND.\n    RND(u8, u8),\n    /// Dxyn\n    /// Display n-byte sprite starting at memory location I at (Vx, Vy), set VF = collision.\n    ///\n    /// In Chip-8,\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter reads n bytes from memory, starting at the address stored in I.\n    /// These bytes are then displayed as sprites on screen at coordinates (Vx, Vy).\n    /// Sprites are XORed onto the existing screen. If this causes any pixels to be erased,\n    /// VF is set to 1, otherwise it is set to 0. If the sprite is positioned so part of\n    /// it is outside the coordinates of the display, it wraps around to the opposite side\n    /// of the screen. See instruction 8xy3 for more information on XOR, and section 2.4,\n    /// Display, for more information on the Chip-8 screen and sprites.\n    ///\n    /// In SCHIP\n    ///\n    /// Show N-byte sprite from M(I) at Coords (VX,VY) VF = Collision.\n    /// If N=0 AND ExtendedMode, 16x16 sprite\n    DRW(u8, u8, u8),\n    /// Ex9E\n    /// Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n    ///\n    /// Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently\n    /// in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n    SKP(u8),\n    /// ExA1\n    /// Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n    ///\n    /// Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in\n    /// the up position, PC is increased by 2.\n    SKNP(u8),\n    /// Fx07\n    /// The value of DT is placed into Vx.\n    LDRD(u8),\n    /// Fx0A\n    /// Wait for a key press, store the value of the key in Vx.\n    ///\n    /// All execution stops until a key is pressed, then the value of that key is stored in Vx.\n    LDRK(u8),\n    /// Fx15\n    /// Set delay timer = Vx.\n    ///\n    /// DT is set equal to the value of Vx.\n    LDD(u8),                   // 0xFx15 Set Delay Timer\n    /// Fx18\n    /// Set sound timer = Vx.\n    ///\n    /// ST is set equal to the value of Vx.\n    LDIS(u8),\n    /// Fx1E - ADD I, Vx\n    /// Set I = I + Vx.\n    ///\n    /// The values of I and Vx are added, and the results are stored in I.\n    ADDI(u8),\n    /// Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n    /// Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n    ///\n    /// The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite\n    /// corresponding to the value of Vx. See section 2.4, Display, for\n    /// more information on the Chip-8 hexadecimal font.\n    LDFX(u8),\n    /// Fx33 - LD B, Vx\n    /// Store BCD representation of Vx in memory locations I, I+1, and I+2.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter takes the decimal value of Vx, and places the hundreds\n    /// digit in memory at location in I, the tens digit at location I+1, and the\n    /// ones digit at location I+2.\n    BCD(u8),\n    /// Fx55 - LD [I], Vx\n    /// Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter copies the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n    /// starting at the address in I.\n    LDIX(u8),\n    /// Fx65 - LD Vx, [I]\n    /// Read registers V0 through Vx from memory starting at location I.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter reads values from memory starting at location I into registers\n    /// V0 through Vx.\n    LDRI(u8),\n    XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n    /* START OF SCHIP-8 */\n    /// 00CN\n    ///\n    /// Scrolll Display N Lines Down\n    SDN(u8),\n    /// 00FB\n    ///\n    /// Scroll 4 lines Right\n    SRT,\n    /// 00FC\n    ///\n    /// Scroll 4 lines Left\n    SLF,\n    /// 00FE\n    ///\n    /// Disable Extended Mode\n    DIS,\n    /// 00FF\n    ///\n    /// Enable Extended Mode\n    ENA,\n    /// 00FD\n    ///\n    /// Exit App\n    EXIT,\n    /// FX30\n    ///\n    /// Point I to 10 yte font sprite for digit VX (0..9)\n    LDF2(u8),\n    /// FX75\n    ///\n    /// Store V0..VX in RPL user flags (X \u003c= 7\n    STR(u8),\n    /// FX85\n    ///\n    /// Load V0..VX from RPL user flags (X \u003c= 7)\n    LIDR(u8),\n}\n\nimpl Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    pub fn name(\u0026self) -\u003e \u0026str {\n        match self {\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(_) =\u003e INST_ADDI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(_, _) =\u003e INST_ADD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(_, _) =\u003e INST_ADDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(_, _) =\u003e INST_AND,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e INST_CLS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(_) =\u003e INST_CALL,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(_, _, _) =\u003e INST_DRW,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT =\u003e INST_EXIT,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(_) =\u003e INST_JPA,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(_) =\u003e INST_JPI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(_) =\u003e INST_BCD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(_) =\u003e INST_LDD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(_) =\u003e INST_LDF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(_) =\u003e INST_LDF2,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(_) =\u003e INST_LDIA,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(_) =\u003e INST_LDIX,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(_) =\u003e INST_LIDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(_) =\u003e INST_LDIS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(_, _) =\u003e INST_LDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(_) =\u003e INST_LDRD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(_) =\u003e INST_LDRI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(_) =\u003e INST_LDRK,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(_, _) =\u003e INST_LDRY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(_, _) =\u003e INST_OR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e INST_RET,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(_, _) =\u003e INST_RND,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(_) =\u003e INST_SDN,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF =\u003e INST_SLF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT =\u003e INST_SRT,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(_, _) =\u003e INST_SEX,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(_, _) =\u003e INST_SEY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(_, _) =\u003e INST_SHL,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(_, _) =\u003e INST_SHR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(_) =\u003e INST_SKP,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(_, _) =\u003e INST_SNEB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(_, _) =\u003e INST_SNEY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(_) =\u003e INST_SNKP,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(x) =\u003e INST_STR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(_, _) =\u003e INST_SUB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(_, _) =\u003e INST_SUBC,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(_) =\u003e INST_SYS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS =\u003e INST_DIS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA =\u003e INST_ENA,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(_, _) =\u003e INST_ORY,\n            XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e \"XX ERROR XX\",\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn operands(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        match self {\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(addr) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(addr) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(addr) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{addr:04x}\")\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(x, byte) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(x, byte) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(x, byte) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x, byte) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}, 0x{byte:02x}\")\n            }\n            // Reg, Reg\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:01x}, 0x{y:01x}\")\n            }\n            // Reg, Reg, Nibble\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x, y, nibble) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}, 0x{y:02x}, 0x{nibble:02x}\")\n            }\n            // Registers.  0-F\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}\")\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e {\n                String::new()\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Display for Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    fn fmt(\u0026self, f: \u0026mut Formatter\u003c'_\u003e) -\u003e std::fmt::Result {\n        let ops = self.operands();\n        let space = if ops.is_empty() { \"\" } else { \" \" };\n        write!(f, \"{}{}{}\", self.name(), space, ops)\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    pub fn from_str(input: \u0026str) -\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions {\n        let mut parts = input.split(\" \");\n      //  print!(\"THERE ARE {} PARTS\", parts.clone().count());\n        let first_part = parts.next().unwrap_or(\"\");\n        // take the next value...\n        // ...strip off the extra...\n        // ...convert it to an integer from base 16\n        let param1 = u16::from_str_radix(parts.next().unwrap_or(\"0\").trim_start_matches(\"0x\").trim_end_matches(\",\"), 16).unwrap_or(0);\n        let param2 = u16::from_str_radix(parts.next().unwrap_or(\"0\").trim_start_matches(\"0x\").trim_end_matches(\",\"), 16).unwrap_or(0);\n        let param3 = u16::from_str_radix(parts.next().unwrap_or(\"0\").trim_start_matches(\"0x\").trim_end_matches(\",\"), 16).unwrap_or(0);\n      //  println!(\"\\tFirst part is {:?} / {:?} / {:?} / {:?}\", first_part, param1 ,param2 ,param3);\n        match first_part {\n            INST_CLS =\u003e {\n                CLS\n            }\n            INST_DRW =\u003e {\n                DRW(param1 as u8, param2 as u8, param3 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_ADD =\u003e {\n                ADD(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_CALL =\u003e {\n                CALL(param1)\n            }\n            INST_SYS =\u003e {\n                SYS(param1)\n            }\n            INST_RET =\u003e {\n                RET\n            }\n            INST_JPA =\u003e {\n                JPA(param1)\n            }\n            INST_JPI =\u003e {\n                JPI(param1)\n            }\n            INST_SEX =\u003e {\n                SEX(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SNEB =\u003e {\n                SNEB(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SDN =\u003e {\n                SDN(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SRT =\u003e {\n                SRT\n            }\n            INST_SLF =\u003e {\n                SLF\n            }\n            INST_EXIT =\u003e {\n                EXIT\n            }\n            INST_DIS =\u003e {\n                DIS\n            }\n            INST_ENA =\u003e {\n                ENA\n            }\n            INST_SEY =\u003e {\n                SEY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDRY =\u003e {\n                LDR_Y(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDR =\u003e {\n                LDR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_OR =\u003e {\n                OR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_AND =\u003e {\n                AND(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_ORY =\u003e {\n                ORY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_ADDR =\u003e {\n                ADDR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SUB =\u003e {\n                SUB(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SHR =\u003e {\n                SHR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SHL =\u003e {\n                SHL(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SUBC =\u003e {\n                SUBC(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SNEY =\u003e {\n                SNEY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDIA =\u003e {\n                LDIA(param1)\n            }\n            INST_RND =\u003e {\n                RND(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_DRW =\u003e {\n                DRW(param1 as u8, param2 as u8, param3 as u8)\n            }\n            _ =\u003e {\n                XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n            }\n        }\n        //\n        // match input.to_uppercase().as_str() {\n        //     INST_ADDI =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(parts.nth(1)),\n        //     INST_ADD =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(parts[1], parts[2]),\n        //     INST_ADDR =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(parts[1], parts[2]),\n        //     _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n        // }\n    }\n\n    pub fn encode(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        match self {\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(target) =\u003e 0x0000 | (target \u0026 0x0FFF) as u16,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e 0x00E0,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e 0x00EE,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(new_addr) =\u003e 0x1000 | (new_addr \u0026 0x0FFF) as u16,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(address) =\u003e 0x2000 | (address \u0026 0x0FFF) as u16,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(vx_register, byte) =\u003e 0x3000 | ((*vx_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(vx_register, byte) =\u003e 0x4000 | ((*vx_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x5000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(x_register, byte) =\u003e 0x6000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(x_register, byte) =\u003e 0x7000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8001 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8002 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8003 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8004 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8005 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8006 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8007 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x800E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x9000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr) =\u003e 0xA000 | addr,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr) =\u003e 0xB000 | addr,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x_register, byte) =\u003e 0xC000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, height) =\u003e {\n                0xD000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4) | (*height as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x_register) =\u003e 0xE09E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x_register) =\u003e 0xE0A1 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF007 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x_register) =\u003e 0xF00A | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF015 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(x_register) =\u003e 0xF018 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x_register) =\u003e 0xF01E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x_register) =\u003e 0xF029 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF033 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x_register) =\u003e 0xF055 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(x_register) =\u003e 0xF065 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(x_register) =\u003e 0x00C0 | (*x_register as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT =\u003e 0x00FB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF =\u003e 0x00FC,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS =\u003e 0x00FE,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA =\u003e 0x00FF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT =\u003e 0x00FD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(x_register) =\u003e 0xF030 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(x_register) =\u003e 0xF075 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(x_register) =\u003e 0xF085 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e 0xFFFF\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn decode(input: u16) -\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions {\n        let x_param = InstructionUtil::read_x_from_instruction(input);\n        let y_param = InstructionUtil::read_y_from_instruction(input);\n        let addr_param = InstructionUtil::read_addr_from_instruction(input);\n        let byte_param = InstructionUtil::read_byte_from_instruction(input);\n        let nibble_param = InstructionUtil::read_nibble_from_instruction(input);\n        let ubln = InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(input);\n        let last_byte = (input \u0026 0xFF) as u8;\n        let last_nibble = (input \u0026 0xF) as u8;\n\n        match input {\n            0x00C0..=0x00CF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(last_nibble),\n            0x00E0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS,\n            0x00EE =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::RET,\n            0x00FB =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT,\n            0x00FC =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF,\n            0x00FD =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT,\n            0x00FE =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS,\n            0x00FF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA,\n            0x0000..=0x0FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(addr_param),\n            0x1000..=0x1FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(addr_param),\n            0x2000..=0x2FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(addr_param),\n            0x3000..=0x3FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x4000..=0x4FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x5000..=0x5FF0 if input \u0026 0x01 == 0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(x_param, y_param),\n            0x6000..=0x6FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x7000..=0x7FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x8000..=0x8FFE =\u003e match last_nibble {\n                0x0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(x_param, y_param),\n                0x1 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x2 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x_param, y_param),\n                0x3 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x_param, y_param),\n                0x4 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x5 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x_param, y_param),\n                0x6 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x7 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x_param, y_param),\n                0xE =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x_param, y_param),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n            }\n            0x9000..=0x9FF0 if input \u0026 0x01 == 0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x_param, y_param),\n            0xA000..=0xAFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr_param),\n            0xB000..=0xBFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr_param),\n            0xC000..=0xCFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x_param, byte_param),\n            0xD000..=0xDFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_param, y_param, nibble_param),\n            0xE09E..=0xEFA1 =\u003e match last_byte {\n                0x9E =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(ubln),\n                0xA1 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(ubln),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n            }\n            0xF007..=0xFF65 =\u003e match last_byte {\n                0x07 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(ubln),\n                0x0A =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(ubln),\n                0x15 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(ubln),\n                0x18 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(ubln),\n                0x1E =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(ubln),\n                0x29 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(ubln),\n                0x30 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(ubln),\n                0x33 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(ubln),\n                0x55 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(ubln),\n                0x65 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(ubln),\n                0x75 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(ubln),\n                0x85 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(ubln),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n            }\n            _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn execute(\u0026self, input: \u0026mut Chip8Computer) -\u003e Chip8Computer {\n        //        print!(\"INSTRUCTION {}\", self);\n        let start_time = Instant::now();\n        let start_pc = input.registers.peek_pc();\n        input.registers.poke_pc(start_pc + 2);\n        let _ = match self {\n            // 0x0nnn Exit to System Call\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(new_address) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address as u16);\n            }\n            // * 0x00E0 Clear Screen\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e {\n                input.video_memory.cls();\n            }\n            // 0x00EE Return from Subroutine\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(input.stack.pop());\n            }\n            // 0x1nnn Jump to Address\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(new_address) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address as u16);\n            }\n            // 0x2nnn Call Subroutine\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(new_address) =\u003e {\n                let return_address = input.registers.peek_pc();\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address as u16);\n                input.stack.push(\u0026return_address);\n            }\n            // 0x3xkk Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                if input.registers.peek(*vx_register as u8) == *byte as u8 {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x4xkk Skip next instruction if Vx != kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                // 4xkk - SNE Vx, byte\n                // Skip next instruction if Vx != kk.\n                //\n                // The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are not equal,\n                // increments the program counter by 2.\n                if input.registers.peek(*x) != *byte {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x5xy0 Skip next instruction if Vx == Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                if input.registers.peek(*x as u8) == input.registers.peek(*y as u8) {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x6xkk Set Vx = kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(register, byte) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(*register, *byte);\n            }\n            // 0x7xkk Set Vx = Vx + kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(*vx_register, (input.registers.peek(*vx_register) as u16 + *byte as u16) as u8);\n            }\n            // 0x8xy0 Set value of Vy in Vx\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(x, y) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, input.registers.peek(*y as u8));\n            }\n            // 0x8xy1 Set Vx = Vx OR Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // shift them to 16 bit\n                let working_16_x = input.registers.peek(*x as u8) as u16;\n                let working_16_y = input.registers.peek(*y as u8) as u16;\n                // OR them\n                let working_16_or = working_16_x | working_16_y;\n                // shift them back to 8 bit.\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, working_16_or as u8);\n                debug!(\"OrVxVy [0x{x:1x}] [0x{y:1x}]\")\n            }\n            // 0x8xy2 Set Vx = Vx AND Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*x as u8) as u16;\n                let rhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*y as u8) as u16;\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, (lhs_16 \u0026 rhs_16) as u8);\n            }\n            // 0x8xy3 Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*x as u8) as u16;\n                let rhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*y as u8) as u16;\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, (lhs_16 ^ rhs_16) as u8);\n            }\n            // 0x8xy4 Set Vx = Vx + Vy (SET VF on Carry)\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs = input.registers.peek(*x as u8) as i16;\n                let rhs = input.registers.peek(*y as u8) as i16;\n                let working = lhs + rhs;\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, working as u8);\n\n                if working \u003e= 0x100 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0xf, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy5 - SUB Vx, Vy\n                // Set Vx = Vx - Vy, set VF = NOT borrow.\n                //\n                // If Vx \u003e Vy, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vy is subtracted from Vx, and the results stored in Vx.\n\n                let lhs = input.registers.peek(*x);\n                let rhs = input.registers.peek(*y);\n\n                let mut result = 0;\n\n                let borrow_flag: u8 = if rhs \u003e lhs {\n                    result = (lhs as u16 + 0x100) - rhs as u16;\n                    0\n                } else {\n                    result = lhs as u16 - rhs as u16;\n                    1\n                };\n\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, result as u8);\n                input.registers.poke(0x0f, borrow_flag);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x, _) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy6 - SHR Vx {, Vy}\n                // Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n                // SHIFT 1 Bit ----\u003e\n                // If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n                let initial_value = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                // overflow check\n                let rotated = initial_value \u003e\u003e 1;\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, rotated);\n                if initial_value.bitand(0b1) == 1 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy7 - SUBN Vx, Vy\n                // Set Vx = Vy - Vx, set VF = NOT borrow.\n                //\n                // If Vy \u003e Vx, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is subtracted from Vy, and the results stored in Vx.\n                let y_register = input.registers.peek(*y as u8);\n                let x_register = input.registers.peek(*x as u8);\n                let mut value_to_poke = 0;\n\n                let new_value = if y_register \u003c x_register {\n                    value_to_poke = (y_register as u16 + 256) - x_register as u16;\n                    0\n                } else {\n                    value_to_poke = (y_register - x_register) as u16;\n                    1\n                };\n\n                debug!(\"SUB CARRY -\u003e REGISTER 1 = [0x{x:02x}] / [{x_register}] REGISTER 2 = [0x{y:02x}] / [{y_register}] SUB = {value_to_poke} CARRY = {new_value}\");\n\n                input.registers.poke(*x, value_to_poke as u8);\n                input.registers.poke(0xf, new_value);\n            }\n\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x, _) =\u003e {\n                // 8xyE - SHL Vx {, Vy}\n                // Set Vx = Vx SHL 1.\n                //\n                // If the most-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise to 0. Then Vx is multiplied by 2.\n                let initial_value = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                // overflow check\n                let rotated = initial_value \u003c\u003c 1;\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, rotated);\n                if initial_value.bitand(0b10000000) == 0b10000000 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(vx_register, vy_register) =\u003e {\n                // 9xy0 - SNE Vx, Vy\n                // Skip next instruction if Vx != Vy.\n                //\n                // The values of Vx and Vy are compared, and if they are not equal, the program counter is increased by 2.\n\n                let x_reg_value = input.registers.peek(*vx_register as u8);\n                let y_reg_value = input.registers.peek(*vy_register as u8);\n                if x_reg_value != y_reg_value {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(new_index) =\u003e {\n                // Annn - LD I, addr\n                // Set I = nnn.\n                //\n                // The value of register I is set to nnn.\n                //  debug!(\"LdiAddr [0x{new_index:3x}]\");\n                input.registers.poke_i(*new_index);\n            }\n            // 0xBnnn Jump to nnn+V0\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr) =\u003e {\n                // Bnnn - JP V0, addr\n                // Jump to location nnn + V0.\n                //\n                // The program counter is set to nnn plus the value of V0.\n                input.registers.poke_pc(input.registers.peek(0) as u16 + addr);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                // Cxkk - RND Vx, byte\n                // Set Vx = random byte AND kk.\n                //\n                // The interpreter generates a random number from 0 to 255,\n                // which is then ANDed with the value kk.\n                // The results are stored in Vx.\n                let mut rng = rand::thread_rng();\n                let new_value: u8 = rng.random();\n                let and_value: u8 = *byte;\n                let result = new_value \u0026 and_value;\n                debug!(\"RANDOM: [{new_value:02x}] AND: [{and_value:02x} Result: [{result:02x}]\");\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, new_value \u0026 *byte as u8)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(y, x, n) =\u003e {\n                // Display n-byte sprite starting at memory location I at (Vx, Vy), set VF = collision.\n\n                // The interpreter reads n bytes from memory, starting at the address stored in I.\n\n                // These bytes are then displayed as sprites on screen at coordinates (Vx, Vy).\n                // Sprites are XORed onto the existing screen.\n                // If this causes any pixels to be erased, VF is set to 1,\n                //     otherwise it is set to 0.\n                // If the sprite is positioned so part of it is outside the coordinates of the display,\n                //     it wraps around to the opposite side of the screen.\n\n                let source_memory_offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                let x_offset = input.registers.peek(*x) as u16;\n                let y_offset = input.registers.peek(*y) as u16;\n                if input.video_memory.is_highres() {\n                    // if n == 0 we have a 16 row sprite (font maybe)\n                    let actual_num_loops = if *n == 0u8 {\n                        16\n                    } else {\n                        *n\n                    };\n                    for byte_index in 0..actual_num_loops {\n                        let current_byte = input.memory.peek(byte_index as u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let next_byte = input.memory.peek(byte_index as u16 + 1u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let x_offset = (x_offset + byte_index as u16) * 64;\n                        for bit_index in 0..8 {\n                            input.video_memory.poke(x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16), (current_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0);\n                            input.video_memory.poke(x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16) + 8, (current_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0);\n                        }\n                    }\n                } else {\n                    for byte_index in 0..*n {\n                        let current_byte = input.memory.peek(byte_index as u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let x_offset: u16 = (x_offset + byte_index as u16) * 64;\n                        for bit_index in 0..8 {\n                            input.video_memory.poke(x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16), (current_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0);\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n\n                let target = if input.video_memory.has_frame_changed {\n                    1u8\n                } else {\n                    0u8\n                };\n\n                input.registers.poke(0xf, target);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x) =\u003e {\n                // Ex9E - SKP Vx\n                // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n                //\n                // Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n                let key_to_check = input.registers.peek(*x as u8);\n                let is_pressed = input.keypad.pressed(key_to_check);\n                if is_pressed {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x) =\u003e {\n                // ExA1 - SKNP Vx\n                // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n                //\n\n                // Checks the keyboard,\n                // and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the up position,\n                // PC is increased by 2.\n                let target_key = input.registers.peek(*x as u8);\n                let is_pressed = input.keypad.pressed(target_key);\n                debug!(\"SnKpVx [{x:1x}]\");\n                if !is_pressed {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx07 - LD Vx, DT\n                // Set Vx = delay timer value.\n                //\n                // The value of DT is placed into Vx.\n                let value_to_set = input.delay_timer.current();\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, value_to_set as u8);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx0A - LD Vx, K\n                // Wait for a key press, store the value of the key in Vx.\n                //\n                // All execution stops until a key is pressed, then the value of that key is stored in Vx.\n                input.state = WaitingForKey;\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(source_register) =\u003e {\n                // Fx15 - LD DT, Vx\n                // Set delay timer = Vx.\n                //\n                // DT is set equal to the value of Vx.\n                let new_time = input.registers.peek(*source_register as u8);\n                input.delay_timer.set_timer(new_time);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(new_time) =\u003e {\n                let new_value = input.registers.peek(*new_time as u8);\n                input.sound_timer.set_timer(new_value as i32);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx1E - ADD I, Vx\n                // Set I = I + Vx.\n                //\n                // The values of I and Vx are added, and the results are stored in I.\n                let base = input.registers.peek_i();\n                let x_value = input.registers.peek(*x as u8);\n                input.registers.poke_i(base + x_value as u16);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n                // Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n                //\n                // The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite corresponding\n                // to the value of Vx. 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10);\n                // whats the leftover when dividing by 10\n                let units = to_convert % 10;\n\n                // Convert to BCD\n                let result = ((hundreds as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | units as u16 | ((tens as u16) \u003c\u003c 4) | units as u16;\n                // write them to the memory pointed to by I, I+1, and I+2\n                let target_start_offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset, hundreds);\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset + 1, tens);\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset + 2, units);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x) =\u003e {\n                // Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n                //\n                // The interpreter copies the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n                // starting at the address in I.\n                let offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n      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}\n}\n","traces":[{"line":9,"address":[700856,699536,701102],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":10,"address":[38659839],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":12,"address":[1164515,1164244,1164343],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":13,"address":[1164531],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":14,"address":[700135],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":15,"address":[38660480,38660580],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[3500079,3500029],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":20,"address":[40274860],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":21,"address":[3500424,3500553],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":24,"address":[322813,322942],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":29,"address":[38660072],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":34,"address":[3500944],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":36,"address":[536158],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":42,"address":[323120],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":43,"address":[536229,536267],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":46,"address":[3501088],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":47,"address":[3501147,3501109],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":50,"address":[701344],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":51,"address":[536389,536428],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":54,"address":[701440],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":55,"address":[323384],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":58,"address":[3501296],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":59,"address":[38661744],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":61,"address":[40276048],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":62,"address":[3501344],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}}],"covered":24,"coverable":25},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","registers.rs"],"content":"/// Registers.  numbered 1-16 publicly.\n/// Privately using zero base array so -1 to shift from pub to priv.\n#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub struct Chip8Registers {\n    pub registers: [u8; 16],\n    pub i_register: u16,\n    pub pc: u16,\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Registers {\n    pub fn advance_pc(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.pc += 2;\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8Registers {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Registers {\n            registers: [0x00; 16],\n            i_register: 0x00,\n            pc: 0x200,\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Registers {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.registers = [0x00; 16];\n        self.i_register = 0x00;\n        self.pc = 0x200;\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_pc(\u0026mut self, new_pc: u16) {\n        self.pc = new_pc\n    }\n    pub fn peek_i(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        self.i_register\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_i(\u0026mut self, new_value: u16) {\n        self.i_register = new_value;\n    }\n    pub fn peek(\u0026self, register_number: u8) -\u003e u8 {\n        self.registers[register_number as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke(\u0026mut self, register_number: u8, value: u8) {\n        if register_number \u003e 0xf {\n            panic!(\"INVALID REGISTER\");\n        }\n        self.registers[register_number as usize] = value;\n    }\n\n    pub fn peek_pc(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        self.pc\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_pc(\u0026mut self, new_pc: u16) {\n        self.pc = new_pc\n    }\n\n    pub fn format_as_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        format!(\"Vx: 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x}\\n    0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x}\\nI: 0x{:04x}\\tPC: 0x{:04x}\",\n                self.registers[0x0],\n                self.registers[0x1],\n                self.registers[0x2],\n                self.registers[0x3],\n                self.registers[0x4],\n                self.registers[0x5],\n                self.registers[0x6],\n                self.registers[0x7],\n                self.registers[0x8],\n                self.registers[0x9],\n                self.registers[0xa],\n                self.registers[0xb],\n                self.registers[0xc],\n                self.registers[0xd],\n                self.registers[0xe],\n                self.registers[0xf],\n                self.i_register,\n                self.pc\n        )\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[3450432],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":12,"address":[38693165,38693203],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":17,"address":[235680],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":19,"address":[38693246],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":27,"address":[762704],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":28,"address":[762718],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":29,"address":[647967],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":30,"address":[647973],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":33,"address":[3450640],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":34,"address":[38693373],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":36,"address":[3450672],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":37,"address":[235845],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":40,"address":[1078720],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":41,"address":[762813],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":43,"address":[40257856],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":44,"address":[762853,762890],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":47,"address":[569200],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":48,"address":[569235],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":49,"address":[648203],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":51,"address":[3450920,3450933,3450843],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":54,"address":[648304],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":55,"address":[1078997],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":58,"address":[38693696],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":59,"address":[40258125],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":62,"address":[569408],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":63,"address":[3451413,3455828,3451227,3451320,3456988,3452343,3454436,3457452,3451134,3451971,3455596,3453972,3454204,3451506,3454668,3455364,3451599,3452436,3452157,3452622,3456524,3452064,3451692,3451878,3453740,3457220,3455132,3451785,3452529,3454900,3456060,3452250,3456292,3453508,3452712,3456756],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":36}}],"covered":26,"coverable":26},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","sound_timer.rs"],"content":"use log::trace;\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub struct SoundTimer {\n    counter: i32\n}\n\nimpl SoundTimer {\n    pub fn current(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        self.counter\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        SoundTimer {\n            counter: 0\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn set_timer(\u0026mut self, new_value: i32) {\n        trace!(\"SETTING SOUND TIMER TO {new_value}\");\n        self.counter = new_value\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        trace!(\"TICKING SOUND FROM {} to {}\", self.counter, self.counter - 1);\n        if self.counter \u003e 0 {\n            self.counter -= 1;\n            /*\n            todo: this breaks tests.  maybe its wrong?\n            if let good_thread = thread::spawn(|| {\n                beep(440).expect(\"Unable to beep\");\n                thread::sleep(time::Duration::from_millis(500));\n            }).join().unwrap().\n             */\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.counter = 0x00;\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":9,"address":[327264],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":10,"address":[761509],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":17,"address":[735984],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":18,"address":[736208,736008,736086],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":19,"address":[1125308],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":22,"address":[736352],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":23,"address":[40305813,40305951,40305698,40305620],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":24,"address":[38692568,38693092],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":25,"address":[38693068,38693094],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":36,"address":[762512],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":37,"address":[3493909],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}}],"covered":11,"coverable":11},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","stack.rs"],"content":"#[derive(Clone)]\npub struct Chip8Stack {\n    items: Vec\u003cu16\u003e\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8Stack {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Stack  {\n            items: vec![],\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Stack {\n    pub fn push(\u0026mut self, new_value: \u0026u16) {\n        if self.depth() == 16 {\n           // println!(\"Deep deep stack?\");\n           panic!(\"Stack Overflow\");\n        }\n        self.items.push(*new_value );\n    }\n    pub fn pop(\u0026mut self) -\u003e u16 {\n        if self.items.is_empty() {\n            panic!(\"Stack Underflow\");\n        }\n        self.items.pop().unwrap()\n    }\n    pub fn depth(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        self.items.len() as u16\n    }\n\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Stack {\n            items: vec![]\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.items = vec![]\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":7,"address":[1115120],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":9,"address":[723613],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":15,"address":[557760],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":16,"address":[38679960],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":18,"address":[40295204],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":20,"address":[1115275],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":22,"address":[749440],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":23,"address":[557886],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":24,"address":[250389],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":26,"address":[1115325],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":28,"address":[38680192],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":29,"address":[723925],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":32,"address":[558032],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":34,"address":[38680221],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":38,"address":[3507199,3507136],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":39,"address":[3507229,3507149],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}}],"covered":16,"coverable":16},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","system_memory.rs"],"content":"use log::{trace};\n\nuse crate::constants::*;\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub struct Chip8SystemMemory {\n    memory: [u8; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize],\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8SystemMemory {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n\n        let mut x = Chip8SystemMemory {\n            memory: [0x00; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize],\n        };\n\n        x.load_fonts_to_memory();\n        x.load_schip_fonts_to_memory();\n        x\n    }\n}\nimpl Chip8SystemMemory {\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self){\n        self.memory = [0x00; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize];\n        self.load_fonts_to_memory();\n        self.load_schip_fonts_to_memory();\n    }\n    \n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8SystemMemory {\n            memory: [0x00; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize],\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn peek(\u0026self, address: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        trace!(\"PEEK: {} / {}\", address, self.memory[address as usize].clone());\n        self.memory[address as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke(\u0026mut self, address: u16, value: u8)  {\n        trace!(\"POKE: {} / {} to {}\", address, self.memory[address as usize], value);\n        self.memory[address as usize] = value;\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_program(\u0026mut self, program_to_load: Box\u003cVec\u003cu8\u003e\u003e) {\n        for load_index in 0..program_to_load.len() {\n            self.poke((load_index + 0x200) as u16, program_to_load[load_index]);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_fonts_to_memory(\u0026mut self) {\n        let all_font_characters = [\n            CHIP8FONT_0,\n            CHIP8FONT_1,\n            CHIP8FONT_2,\n            CHIP8FONT_3,\n            CHIP8FONT_4,\n            CHIP8FONT_5,\n            CHIP8FONT_6,\n            CHIP8FONT_7,\n            CHIP8FONT_8,\n            CHIP8FONT_9,\n            CHIP8FONT_A,\n            CHIP8FONT_B,\n            CHIP8FONT_C,\n            CHIP8FONT_D,\n            CHIP8FONT_E,\n            CHIP8FONT_F,\n        ];\n\n        for (font_index, current_font) in all_font_characters.iter().enumerate() {\n            for font_mem_offset in 0..=4 {\n                let real_offset = font_index * 5 + font_mem_offset;\n                self.poke(real_offset as u16, current_font[font_mem_offset]);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_schip_fonts_to_memory(\u0026mut self) {\n        let all_font_characters = [\n            SCHIPFONT_0, SCHIPFONT_1, SCHIPFONT_2, SCHIPFONT_3,\n            SCHIPFONT_4, SCHIPFONT_5, SCHIPFONT_6, SCHIPFONT_7,\n            SCHIPFONT_8, SCHIPFONT_9, SCHIPFONT_A, SCHIPFONT_B,\n            SCHIPFONT_C, SCHIPFONT_D, SCHIPFONT_E, SCHIPFONT_F\n        ];\n        for (font_index, current_font) in all_font_characters.iter().enumerate() {\n            let base_offset = 0x100;\n            for font_mem_offset in 0..=4 {\n                let real_offset = base_offset + font_index * 0x10 + font_mem_offset;\n                self.poke(real_offset as u16, current_font[font_mem_offset]);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[661104],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":14,"address":[38707948],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":17,"address":[1090359],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":8}},{"line":18,"address":[266545],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":19,"address":[266560],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":24,"address":[266592],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[581773],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[266672],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":31,"address":[40270002,40269874,40270154,40269788],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":8}},{"line":32,"address":[267298,266731,267282],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":35,"address":[267328],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":36,"address":[40270536,40270886,40270450,40270664],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":16}},{"line":37,"address":[40271156,40271136,40270481],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":15}},{"line":40,"address":[662752,663093],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[268118,268286,268181],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[3462769],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":46,"address":[583616],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":47,"address":[1092308],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":66,"address":[584147,583977],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":15}},{"line":67,"address":[584189],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":68,"address":[40272289,40272379],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":69,"address":[1093107,1093151],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":15}},{"line":74,"address":[778080],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":75,"address":[584557],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":81,"address":[40273605,40273435],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":11}},{"line":82,"address":[38710844],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":8}},{"line":83,"address":[585711],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":8}},{"line":84,"address":[38712308,38712179],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":85,"address":[3465336,3465292],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":11}}],"covered":24,"coverable":29},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","util.rs"],"content":"pub struct InstructionUtil {}\n\nimpl InstructionUtil {\n    pub fn byte_to_bools(to_convert: u8) -\u003e [bool; 8] {\n        let mut return_values = [false; 8];\n        for i in 0..8 {\n            let new_value = to_convert \u003e\u003e i \u0026 0x1 == 1;\n            return_values[i as usize] = new_value;\n        }\n        return_values\n    }\n\n    pub fn bools_to_byte(to_convert: [bool; 8]) -\u003e u8 {\n        let mut return_value = 0u8;\n        for i in 0..to_convert.len() {\n            let new_bit = 0x1 \u003c\u003c i;\n            if to_convert[i] {\n                return_value = return_value | new_bit\n            }\n        }\n        return_value\n    }\n\n    pub fn split_bytes(to_split: u16) -\u003e (u8, u8) {\n        let high = to_split.rotate_left(8) as u8;\n        let low = (to_split \u0026 0xff) as u8;\n\n        (high, low)\n    }\n\n    pub fn join_bytes(high: u8, low: u8) -\u003e u16 {\n        let result = (high as u16) \u003c\u003c 8 | low as u16;\n        result\n    }\n\n    // nnn or addr - A 12-bit value, the lowest 12 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_addr_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u16 {\n        instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x0FFF\n    }\n\n    // n or nibble - A 4-bit value, the lowest 4 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_nibble_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n       ( instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x000F )as u8\n    }\n\n    // x - A 4-bit value, the lower 4 bits of the high byte of the instruction\n    pub fn read_x_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x0F00).rotate_right(8) as u8\n    }\n\n    // y - A 4-bit value, the upper 4 bits of the low byte of the instruction\n    pub fn read_y_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x00F0).rotate_right(4) as u8\n    }\n\n    // kk or byte - An 8-bit value, the lowest 8 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_byte_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x00FF) as u8\n    }\n\n    pub fn read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        ((to_read_from \u0026 0x0f00) \u003e\u003e 8) as u8\n    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log::{debug};\nuse crate::chip8::util::InstructionUtil;\nuse crate::chip8::video::Chip8VideoModes::{HighRes, LowRes};\nuse crate::constants::{CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT, CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY, CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT, SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH};\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\nenum Chip8VideoModes {\n    LowRes,\n    HighRes,\n}\n\n#[derive(Clone)]\npub struct Chip8Video {\n    memory: Vec\u003cbool\u003e,\n    pub has_frame_changed: bool,\n    current_res: Chip8VideoModes,\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Video {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.cls();\n        self.start_frame();\n    }\n\n    pub fn is_highres(\u0026self) -\u003e bool {\n        matches!(self.current_res, HighRes)\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_highres(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.current_res = HighRes;\n        self.cls();\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_lowres(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.current_res = LowRes\n    }\n\n    pub fn get_screen_resolution(\u0026mut self) -\u003e Chip8VideoModes {\n        self.current_res\n    }\n\n    pub fn cls(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.memory.clear();\n        let num_loops = match self.current_res {\n            LowRes =\u003e {\n                CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY\n            }\n            HighRes =\u003e {\n                SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY\n            }\n        };\n        for i in 0..num_loops {\n            self.memory.push(false);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn start_frame(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.has_frame_changed = false;\n    }\n\n    pub fn new(initial_configuration: Box\u003cVec\u003cbool\u003e\u003e) -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            memory: *initial_configuration,\n            has_frame_changed: false,\n            current_res: Chip8VideoModes::LowRes,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn peek(\u0026self, address: u16) -\u003e bool {\n        let loop_value: u16 = if self.is_highres() {\n            SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY as u16\n        } else {\n            CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY as u16\n        };\n        let effective_address = if address \u003e= loop_value {\n            address % loop_value\n        } else { address };\n        self.memory[effective_address as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke(\u0026mut self, address: u16, new_value: bool) {\n        let loop_value: u16 = self.get_memory_size() as u16;\n        // Loop the address\n        let effective_address = address % loop_value;\n\n        let old_value = self.memory[effective_address as usize];\n        let xored_value = new_value ^ old_value;       // XOR of the video\n        // if the frame has already changed we dont care if it changed again.\n        if !self.has_frame_changed {\n            if old_value != xored_value {\n                self.has_frame_changed = true\n            };\n        }\n\n        //     println!(\"VIDEO POKE COMPLETE WITH {effective_address} SET TO {xored_value}\");\n        self.memory[effective_address as usize] = xored_value;\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_byte(\u0026mut self, first_address: u16, to_write: u8) {\n        for i in (0..8).rev() {\n            self.poke(first_address + (7 - i), (to_write \u0026 (1 \u003c\u003c i)) != 0);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_2byte(\u0026mut self, first_address: u16, to_write: [u8; 2]) {\n        for (idx, _) in to_write.iter().enumerate() {\n            for i in (0..8).rev() {\n                self.poke(first_address + (idx * 8) as u16 + (7 - i), (to_write[idx] \u0026 (1 \u003c\u003c i)) != 0);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn format_as_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        println!(\"FORMATTING {width}x{height}\");\n        let mut output = String::new();\n        for row in 0..height {\n            for column in 0..width {\n                let data_offset = row * width + column;\n                debug!(\"Rendering {data_offset} with value {}\", self.memory[data_offset as usize]);\n                if self.memory[data_offset as usize] {\n                    output += \"*\"\n                } else {\n                    output += \" \"\n                }\n            }\n            output += \"\\n\";\n        }\n        output\n    }\n\n    pub fn get_resolution(\u0026self) -\u003e (i32, i32) {\n        if self.is_highres() {\n            (SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n        } else {\n            (CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n        }\n    }\n    fn get_memory_size(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        width * height\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.has_frame_changed = false;\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_right(\u0026mut self) {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n\n        for current_row in 0..height {\n            let row_offset: usize = (current_row * width) as usize;\n            for current_column in (0..(width - 4)).rev() {\n                let source_address = row_offset + current_column as usize;\n                let target_address = source_address + 4;\n                self.memory[target_address] = self.memory[source_address];\n            }\n            self.memory[row_offset..row_offset + 4].fill(false);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_left(\u0026mut self) {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n\n        for current_row in 0..height {\n            let row_offset = current_row * width;\n            for current_column in (0..width - 4) {\n                let source: usize = (row_offset + current_column) as usize;\n                let target: usize = source + 4;\n                self.memory[target] = self.memory[source];\n            }\n\n            let clear_start: usize = (row_offset + width - 4) as usize;\n            let clear_end: usize = clear_start + 4;\n\n            self.memory[clear_start..clear_end].fill(false);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_down(\u0026mut self, how_far: i32) {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        let row_shift = how_far * width;\n\n        let max_source_row = height - how_far;\n        for current_source_row in (0..max_source_row).rev() {\n            let current_source_offset = current_source_row * width;\n            for current_source_column in (0..width) {\n                let base_offset: usize = (current_source_offset + current_source_column) as usize;\n                let extended_offset: usize = base_offset + row_shift as usize;\n                self.memory[extended_offset] = self.memory[base_offset];\n            };\n        }\n\n        // Clear the new top rows after shifting\n        let clear_end = (how_far * width) as usize;\n        self.memory[0..clear_end].fill(false);\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8Video {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        let mut mem = vec![];\n        for _ in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY { mem.push(false); }\n        Chip8Video { memory: mem, has_frame_changed: false, current_res: Chip8VideoModes::LowRes }\n    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const CHIP8_REGISTER_COUNT: i32 = 16;\npub const CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE: i32 = 4096i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH: i32 = 64i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT: i32 = 32i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY: usize = (CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT * CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH) as usize;\npub const CHIP8_ROM_SIZE: usize = 512;\n\npub const RESOURCES_ROOT: \u0026str = \"../resources\";\npub const TESTS_ROOT: \u0026str = \"../resources/tests/\";\n\npub const CHIP8_KEYBOARD: [[u8; 4]; 4] = [\n    [0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x0C],\n    [0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x0D],\n    [0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0E],\n    [0x0A, 0x00, 0x0B, 0x0F]\n];\n\npub const SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT: i32 = 64;\npub const SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH: i32 = 128;\npub const SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY: usize = (SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT * SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH) as usize;\n\npub const INST_ADDI: \u0026str = \"ADDI\";\npub const INST_ADD: \u0026str = \"ADD\";\npub const INST_ADDR: \u0026str = \"ADDR\";\npub const INST_AND: \u0026str = \"AND\";\npub const INST_CLS: \u0026str = \"CLS\";\npub const INST_CALL: \u0026str = \"CALL\";\npub const INST_DRW: \u0026str = \"DRW\";\npub const INST_EXIT: \u0026str = \"EXIT\";\npub const INST_JPA: \u0026str = \"JPA\";\npub const INST_JPI: \u0026str = \"JPI\";\npub const INST_BCD: \u0026str = \"BCD\";\npub const INST_LDD: \u0026str = \"LDD\";\npub const INST_LDF: \u0026str = \"LDF\";\npub const INST_LDF2: \u0026str = \"LDF2\";\npub const INST_LDIA: \u0026str = \"LDIA\";\npub const INST_LDIX: \u0026str = \"LDIX\";\npub const INST_LIDR: \u0026str = \"LIDR\";\npub const INST_LDIS: \u0026str = \"LIDS\";\npub const INST_LDR: \u0026str = \"LDR\";\npub const INST_LDRD: \u0026str = \"LDRD\";\npub const INST_LDRI: \u0026str = \"LDRI\";\npub const INST_LDRK: \u0026str = \"LDRK\";\npub const INST_LDRY: \u0026str = \"LDRY\";\npub const INST_OR: \u0026str = \"OR\";\npub const INST_RET: \u0026str = \"RET\";\npub const INST_RND: \u0026str = \"RND\";\npub const INST_SDN: \u0026str = \"SDN\";\npub const INST_SRT: \u0026str = \"SRT\";\npub const INST_SLF: \u0026str = \"SLF\";\npub const INST_SEX: \u0026str = \"SEX\";\npub const INST_SEY: \u0026str = \"SEY\";\npub const INST_SHL: \u0026str = \"SHL\";\npub const INST_SHR: \u0026str = \"SHR\";\npub const INST_SKP: \u0026str = \"SKP\";\npub const INST_SNEB: \u0026str = \"SNEB\";\npub const INST_SNEY: \u0026str = \"SNEY\";\npub const INST_SNKP: \u0026str = \"SNKP\";\npub const INST_STR: \u0026str = \"STR\";\npub const INST_SUB: \u0026str = \"SUB\";\npub const INST_SUBC: \u0026str = \"SUBC\";\npub const INST_SYS: \u0026str = \"SYS\";\npub const INST_DIS: \u0026str = \"DIS\";\npub const INST_ENA: \u0026str = \"ENA\";\npub const INST_ORY: \u0026str = \"ORY\";\n\npub const CHIP8_PROGRAM_LOAD_OFFSET: i32 = 0x200;\npub const CHIP8FONT_0: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_1: [u8; 5] = [0x20, 0x60, 0x20, 0x20, 0x70];\npub const CHIP8FONT_2: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_3: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_4: [u8; 5] = [0x90, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x10, 0x10];\npub const CHIP8FONT_5: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_6: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_7: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x40];\npub const CHIP8FONT_8: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_9: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_A: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x90, 0x90];\npub const CHIP8FONT_B: [u8; 5] = [0xE0, 0x90, 0xE0, 0x90, 0xE0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_C: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0x80, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_D: [u8; 5] = [0xE0, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0xE0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_E: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_F: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x80, 0x80];\n\npub const SCHIPFONT_0: [u8; 0x20] = [\n    0x00, 0x00,\n    0x01, 0x80,\n    0x03, 0xc0,\n    0x06, 0x60,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x06, 0x60,\n    0x03, 0xc0,     // 0b0000001111000000\n    0x01, 0x80,     // 0b0000000110000000\n    0x00, 0x00      // 0b0000000000000000\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_1: [u8; 0x20] = [\n    0x00, 0x00,\n    0x03, 0xc0,\n    0x02, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x03, 0xf0,\n    0x00, 0x00\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_2: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC7, 0xC3, 0xC0, 0xE0,\n    0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C, 0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_3: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC7, 0xC3, 0xC0, 0xE0,\n    0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C, 0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_4: [u8; 0x20] = [0xE0, 0xF0, 0xF8, 0xFC, 0xFE, 0xF7, 0xF3, 0xF1,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC0,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_5: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x3F, 0x7F, 0x7F,\n    0x01, 0x01, 0xC1, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_6: [u8; 0x20] = [0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_7: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xE0, 0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C,\n    0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_8: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0x7E, 0xFE, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_9: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0x7F, 0x03, 0x03, 0xC7, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_A: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_B: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFE, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_C: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0x01, 0x01,\n    0x01, 0x01, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_D: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3,\n    0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C, 0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_E: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_F: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","src","lib.rs"],"content":"pub mod chip8 {\n    pub mod video;\n    pub mod sound_timer;\n    pub mod delay_timer;\n    pub mod keypad;\n    pub mod computer;\n    pub mod system_memory;\n    pub mod instructions;\n    pub mod cpu_states;\n    pub mod util;\n    pub mod registers;\n\n    pub mod stack;\n    pub  mod computer_manager;\n    pub mod quirk_modes;\n}\n\npub mod constants;","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","tests","computer_tests.rs"],"content":"use gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::constants::CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY;\n\n#[test]\nfn smoke() { assert!(true) }\n\nfn load_result(to_load: \u0026str) -\u003e String {\n    std::fs::read_to_string(format!(\"../resources/test/{}\", to_load)).unwrap()\n}\n\nfn load_rom(to_load: \u0026str) -\u003e Vec\u003cu8\u003e {\n    std::fs::read(format!(\"../resources/roms/{}\", to_load)).unwrap()\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn reset_clears_video() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        x.video_memory.poke(i as u16, i % 2 == 0);\n    }\n\n    x.reset();\n    x.video_memory.reset();\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level1_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let level_1_rom = load_rom(\"1-chip8-logo.ch8\");\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, (\u0026level_1_rom).into());\n\n    // run for 0x40 cycles\n    while x.num_cycles \u003c 0x40 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_level_1_test.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level2_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // Load the IBM rom and run it.\n    // it takes 39 cycles to get to the end so lets run it 40.\n    let test_rom_to_run = load_rom(\"2-ibm-logo.ch8\");\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, (\u0026test_rom_to_run).into());\n    for _ in 0..40 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    // ...then verify that the current video memory of the chip-8\n    // simulator matches what we expect it to be\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_ibm_rom_output.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level3_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n     x.load_bytes_to_memory(\n         0x200, (\u0026load_rom(\"3-corax+.ch8\")).into()\n     );\n    for i in 0..0x180 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_corax_plus.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn rps_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026load_rom(\"RPS.ch8\").into());\n    for _ in 0..0xF0 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_rps_stage1.asc\"));\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x01);\n    for _ in 0..0x200 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_rps_stage2.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level4_test() {\n    // flags\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026load_rom(\"4-flags.ch8\").into());\n    for _ in 0..0x400 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_flags.asc\"));\n}\n","traces":[{"line":7,"address":[237680],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":8,"address":[237807,237910],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":11,"address":[238128],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":12,"address":[238358,238255],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}}],"covered":4,"coverable":4},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemma","tests","unit_tests.rs"],"content":"use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet};\nuse log::debug;\nuse rand::random;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::delay_timer::DelayTimer;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA;\nuse gemma::chip8::keypad::Keypad;\nuse gemma::chip8::registers::Chip8Registers;\nuse gemma::chip8::sound_timer::SoundTimer;\nuse gemma::chip8::stack::Chip8Stack;\nuse gemma::chip8::util::InstructionUtil;\nuse gemma::chip8::video::Chip8Video;\nuse gemma::constants::*;\n\nconst TEST_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_DIR: \u0026str = \"/home/tmerritt/Projects/chip8_toy/resources/test/\";\n\nfn read_test_result(suffix: \u0026str) -\u003e String {\n    std::fs::read_to_string(TEST_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_DIR.to_owned() + suffix)\n        .unwrap()\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn smoke() {\n    assert!(true)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn encode_decode_test() {\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS.encode(), 0x00E0);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::RET.encode(), 0x00EE);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x123).encode(), 0x0123);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0x234).encode(), 0x1234);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x345).encode(), 0x2345);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x4, 0x56).encode(), 0x3456);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0xa, 0xbc).encode(), 0x4abc);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0xa, 0xb).encode(), 0x5ab0);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(0xa, 0xff).encode(), 0x6aff);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0xa, 0xbc).encode(), 0x7abc);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(0xa, 0xb).encode(), 0x8ab0);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(0xb, 0xa).encode(), 0x8ba1);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(0xc, 0xd).encode(), 0x8cd2);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(0xd, 0xe).encode(), 0x8de3);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0xe, 0xf).encode(), 0x8ef4);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0xf, 0x0).encode(), 0x8f05);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x0, 0x1).encode(), 0x8016);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2).encode(), 0x8127);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x3, 0x4).encode(), 0x834e);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0xa, 0xb).encode(), 0x9ab0);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x123).encode(), 0xa123);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x234).encode(), 0xb234);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0xa, 0xca).encode(), 0xcaca);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(0xa, 0xb, 0x4).encode(), 0xdab4);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1).encode(), 0xe19e);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x2).encode(), 0xe2a1);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x1).encode(), 0xf107);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x4).encode(), 0xf40a);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x6).encode(), 0xf615);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(0xb).encode(), 0xfb18);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0xd).encode(), 0xfd1e);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0xc).encode(), 0xfc29);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(0xd).encode(), 0xfd33);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(0xe).encode(), 0xfe55);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x3).encode(), 0xf365);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(0x1).encode(), 0x00C1);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF.encode(), 0x00FC);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT.encode(), 0x00FB);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT.encode(), 0x00FD);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA.encode(), 0x00FF);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS.encode(), 0x00FE);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(0).encode(), 0xF030);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(1).encode(), 0xF175);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(1).encode(), 0xF185);\n\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xF175), Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(1)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xF185), Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(1)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00C1u16), Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(0x01)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00FCu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00FBu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00FDu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00FEu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00FFu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xF030u16), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(0)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00E0u16), Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00EEu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::RET));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x0123), Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x123)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x0FFF), Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0xfff)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x1002), Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0x2)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x1FF0), Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0xFF0)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x2002), Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x2)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x3123), Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x1, 0x23)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x4abc), Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0xa, 0xbc)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x5ab0), Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0xa, 0xb)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x6aff), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(0xa, 0xff)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x7abc), Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0xa, 0xbc)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8ab0), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(0xa, 0xb)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8ba1), Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(0xb, 0xa)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8cd2), Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(0xc, 0xd)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8de3), Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(0xd, 0xe)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8ef4), Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0xe, 0xf)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8f05), Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0xf, 0x0)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8016), Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x0, 0x1)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8127), Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x834e), Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x3, 0x4)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x9ab0), Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0xa, 0xb)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xa123), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x123)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xb234), Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x234)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xcaca), Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0xa, 0xca)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xdab4), Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(0xa, 0xb, 0x4)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xe19e), Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xe2a1), Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x2)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xf107), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x1)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xf40a), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x4)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xf615), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x6)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xfb18), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(0xb)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xfd1e), Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0xd)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xfc29), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0xc)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xfd33), Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(0xd)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xfe55), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(0xe)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xf365), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x3)));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn decoder_test_invalid_instructions() {\n    let invalid_to_encode = [\n        0x5ab1, 0x5abf, 0x8ab8, 0x8abd, 0x8abf,\n        0x9ab1, 0x9abf, 0xea9d, 0xea9f, 0xeaa0,\n        0xeaa2, 0xf006, 0xf008\n    ];\n\n    for i in invalid_to_encode {\n        assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(i).encode(), 0xffff);\n        assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(i), Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION));\n    }\n}\n\n/// START OF THE EXECUTION TESTS\n#[test]\nfn instruction_tests() {\n    // 0x0nnn Exit to System Call\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0xFA0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xFA0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x0AF).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x0AF);\n\n    // 0x1nnn Jump to Address\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0xABC).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xABC);\n\n    // 0x6xkk Set Vx = kk\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(1, 0x12).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0x12);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(2, 0x21).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(2), 0x21);\n\n    // 0x3xkk Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n    // The interpreter compares register Vx to kk,\n    // and if they are equal, increments the program counter by 2.\n\n    // test setup: Load value 0x84 into V1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x84);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(1, 0x48).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x84);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(1, 0x84).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    // 0x4xkk Skip next instruction if Vx != kk\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x84);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x84);\n    // skip, compare 0x84 to 0x84\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x84);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x48);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    // 0x8xy0 Set value of Vy in Vx\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x02);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0x02);\n\n    // 0x8xy1 Set Vx = Vx OR Vy\n    //   0b0101 0000 (0x50)\n    // | 0b0000 1010 (0x0A)\n    //   0b0101 1010 (0x5A)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b01010000);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b00001010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b01011010);\n\n    // 0x8xy2 Set Vx = Vx AND Vy\n    //   0b1111 1100 (0xFC)\n    // \u0026 0b1100 1010 (0xCA)\n    //   0b1100 1000 (0xC8)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xFC);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0xCA);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0xC8);\n\n    // 0x8xy3 Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy\n    //   0b1111 1100 (0xFC)\n    // ^ 0b1100 1010 (0xCA)\n    //   0b0011 0110 (0x36)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b11111100);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b11001010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00110110);\n\n    // 0x8xy4 Set Vx = Vx + Vy (SET VF on Carry)\n    //    T1             T2: Judgement Test\n    //   0x01           0xFF\n    // + 0x01           0x01\n    //   0x02 F0        0x00 F1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x00);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x02);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xff);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0);\n\n    /*\n    Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n\n    If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n    */\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b00001000);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b00000000);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);     // 0b0000 0010 (0x02) (Not Set)\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00000100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0);\n\n    x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b00001001);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00000100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x123).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 0x123);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn jp_v0addr_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    /// jump to I + nnn\n    x.registers.poke(0x0, 0xff);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x100).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x1FF);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn cls_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert_eq!(x.video_memory.peek(i as u16), false);\n    }\n    // draw some thing to the video memory\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x01, true);\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x03, true);\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x05, true);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS.execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert_eq!(x.video_memory.peek(i as u16), false);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn skip_next_instruction_ne_text() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x1, 0x0f).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x1, 0xf0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn addivx_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke_i(0xabc);\n    x.registers.poke(0x0, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0x0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 0xacc);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ldstvt_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(0x01).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.sound_timer.current(), 0xf0);\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    assert_eq!(x.sound_timer.current(), 0xed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn rnd_vx_byte_text() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x1, 0x0f).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    let new_value = x.registers.peek(0x1);\n    assert!(new_value \u003c 0x10);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn add_vx_byte_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // set a value in the register\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xab);\n    // add 0x10 to register\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x1, 0x10).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0xbb);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sub_vx_vy_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // load values in 2 registers\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x08);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0x8);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sne_vx_vy_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x00);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ld_dt_vx_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0x10);\n    for i in 0..0x20 {\n        x.delay_timer.tick();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ld_vx_dt_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0xed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn subn_vx_vy_test() {\n    // This instruction subtracts the value in\n    // register Vx from the value in register Vy and stores the result in register Vx.\n    // The subtraction is performed as follows: Vx = Vy - Vx. If Vy is less than Vx,\n    // the result will wrap around (due to the 8-bit nature of the registers).\n    // The carry flag (VF) is set to 1 if there is no borrow (i.e., Vy is greater\n    // than or equal to Vx), and it is set to 0 if there is a borrow.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xa0);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0xab);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // expect the result to be 0x0b\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0x0b);\n    // expect the vf register to be set to 1 as there was overflow\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x1);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xab);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0xa0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // expect the result to be 11110101, -0xB, -11, 245, 0xF5\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0xf5);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x0);\n\n    // 8xyE - SHL Vx {, Vy}\n    // Set Vx = Vx SHL 1.\n    //\n    // If the most-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise to 0. Then Vx is multiplied by 2.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0b00100000);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x1, 0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0b01000000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0b10101010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x1, 0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0b01010100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x1);\n\n    // Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n    // Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n    //\n    // The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite corresponding to the value of Vx. See section 2.4, Display, for more information on the Chip-8 hexadecimal font.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // target_sprite = 2\n    // target_offset = 0x5\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x2);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 10);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x06);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 30);\n\n    // Fx33 - LD B, Vx\n    // Store BCD representation of Vx in memory locations I, I+1, and I+2.\n    //\n    // The interpreter takes the decimal value of Vx, and places the hundreds digit\n    // in memory at location in I, the tens digit at location I+1,\n    // and the ones digit at location I+2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    // load the value 123 (0x7b)\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x7b);\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x500), 0x1);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x501), 0x2);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x502), 0x3);\n\n    // Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n    //\n    // The interpreter copies the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n    // starting at the address in I.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    // Load Registers.\n    let to_load = [0xab, 0xba, 0xca, 0xca, 0xbe, 0xef];\n    for (idx, val) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        x.registers.poke(idx as u8, *val);\n    }\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(to_load.len() as u8).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // Verify the values are in memory from 0x500 to 0x507\n    for (idx, value) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x500 + idx as u16), *value);\n    }\n\n    // Read registers V0 through Vx from memory starting at location I.\n    //\n    // The interpreter reads values from memory starting at location I into registers V0 through Vx.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    let base_offset = 0x500;\n    let to_load = [0xab, 0xba, 0xca, 0xca, 0xbe, 0xef];\n\n    // start by setting values in memory\n    for (idx, memory) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        let target_address = base_offset + idx;\n        let target_value = *memory;\n        x.memory.poke(target_address as u16, target_value);\n    }\n    // where to load from\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n    // how much to load\n    x.registers.poke(0x6, to_load.len() as u8);\n\n    // then copying them values memory to registers\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x6).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // now check that we have the right values in our registers\n    for (idx, value) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(idx as u8), *value);\n    }\n\n    // ExA1 - SKNP Vx\n    // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n    //\n    // Checks the keyboard,\n    // and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the up position,\n    // PC is increased by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x5);\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n    x.keypad.release_key(0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x206);\n\n    // Ex9E - SKP Vx\n    // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n    //\n    // Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x5);\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    x.keypad.release_key(0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x206);\n}\n\nfn draw_nibble_vx_vy_n_test_hd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    let x_register = 0x01;\n    let x_offset = 0x03;\n    let y_register = 0x02;\n    let y_offset = 0x04;\n    let char_offset = 0x100;\n    x.registers.poke(x_register, x_offset);\n    x.registers.poke(y_register, y_offset);\n    x.video_memory.set_highres();\n    x.registers.poke_i(char_offset);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, 0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    println!(\"[[{}]]\", x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"\"), x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn draw_nibble_vx_vy_n_test_sd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let x_register = 0x1;\n    let y_register = 0x2;\n    let x_offset = 1;\n    let y_offset = 2;\n    let char_offset = 0x0A;\n\n    // now lets set the X and Y to 1,2\n    x.registers.poke(x_register, x_offset);\n    x.registers.poke(y_register, y_offset);\n    x.registers.poke_i(char_offset);\n    // we are using 5 rows.\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, 5).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // now check that video memory has the values at\n    // 1,2-\u003e1,9\n    // 2,2-\u003e2,9\n    // 3,2-\u003e3,9\n    // 4,2-\u003e4,9\n    // 5,2-\u003e5,9\n    //  let byte_to_check = CHIP8FONT_0[0];\n    for row_in_sprite in 0..5 {\n        let row_data = CHIP8FONT_2[row_in_sprite];\n        for bit_in_byte in 0..8 {\n            let data_offset = (x_offset\n                as u16 + row_in_sprite as u16) * 64 + (bit_in_byte + y_offset) as u16;\n            let real_bit_in_byte = 7 - bit_in_byte;\n            let shifted_one = 0x01 \u003c\u003c real_bit_in_byte;\n            let one_shift_set = (shifted_one \u0026 row_data) \u003e 0;\n            debug!(\"ROWDATA = \\t\\t[{row_data:08b}]\\tBIT IN BYTE = \\t[{bit_in_byte}]\\tONE_SHIFT_SET = [{one_shift_set}]\\tSHIFTED ONE = [{shifted_one:08b}]\");\n            debug!(\"DATA_OFFSET FOR SOURCE DATA {}x{} is {} / offset by {}x{} and should be {} working with byte {:08b}\",\n                         bit_in_byte, row_in_sprite, data_offset, x_offset, y_offset, one_shift_set, row_data);\n        }\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sub_test() {\n    // 2nnn\n    // Call a subroutine at 2nnn\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x124).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x124);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 1);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x564).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x564);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 2);\n\n    // SETUP\n    // Return from a subroutine.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.stack.push(\u00260x132);\n    x.stack.push(\u00260xabc);\n    // EXECUTE\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RET.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // VERIFY\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xabc);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 1);\n    // EXECUTE\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RET.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // VERIFY\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x132);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 0);\n}\n\n\n#[test]\nfn ldvxk_test() {\n    // SETUP\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert!(matches!(x.state, gemma::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn series8xy4_corex_tests() {\n    /// 8xy4\n    /// Set Vx = Vx + Vy\n    /// Set VF=1 if Carry\n    ///\n\n    // 1 + 1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x02);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    // 255+1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xff);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x00);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n\n    // 128+192\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 128);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 192);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 64);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 1);\n\n    // 8xy6 - SHR Vx {, Vy}\n    // Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n    //\n    // If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1,\n    // otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // 0b10101010 -\u003e 0b01010101\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b10101010);\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x0);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01010100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 1);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b10101000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01010000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b10100000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01000000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn random_produces_different_numbers() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x00);\n    let first_number = Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x01, 0xff).execute(\u0026mut x).registers.peek(0x01);\n    let second_number = Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x01, 0xff).execute(\u0026mut x).registers.peek(0x01);\n    assert_ne!(first_number, second_number);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn delay_timer_ticks_reduce_time() {\n    let mut st = DelayTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(100);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 97);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn delay_timer_out_of_ticks_works() {\n    let mut st = DelayTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(0);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn keypad_keys_check() {\n    let mut k = Keypad::new();\n\n    for i in 0..16 {\n        assert!(!k.key_state(i));\n    }\n\n    // press a key\n    k.push_key(1);\n    k.push_key(2);\n    assert!(k.pressed(1));\n    assert!(k.pressed(2));\n    k.release_key(1);\n    assert!(k.released(1));\n}\n\n\n#[test]\nfn keypad_string_format_test() {\n    let mut k = Keypad::new();\n\n\n    assert_eq!(k.format_as_string(), read_test_result(\"gemma_keypad_string_result.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn register_rw_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.poke(0x0, 0xff);\n    x.poke(0x1, 0xab);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek(0x0), 0xff);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek(0x1), 0xab);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn pc_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.set_pc(0x300);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek_pc(), 0x300);\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn invalid_register() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.poke(0x10, 0xff);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn format_as_string_looks_right() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    for i in 0..0x10 {\n        x.registers[i] = i as u8;\n    }\n    x.pc = 0xabc;\n    x.i_register = 0xcab;\n    let result_string = x.format_as_string();\n    assert_eq!(result_string, String::from(\"Vx: 0x00 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x04 0x05 0x06 0x07\\n    0x08 0x09 0x0a 0x0b 0x0c 0x0d 0x0e 0x0f\\nI: 0x0cab\\tPC: 0x0abc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn reset_clears_registers() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n\n    for register in 0..0x10 {\n        x.poke(register, random::\u003cu8\u003e());\n    }\n    x.reset();\n    for register in 0..0x10 {\n        assert_eq!(x.peek(register), 0x00);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sound_timer_ticks_reduce_time() {\n    let mut st = SoundTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(100);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 97);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sound_timer_out_of_ticks_works() {\n    let mut st = SoundTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(0);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn stack_push_pop_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n\n    // lets see if we can push and pop a bunch\n    x.push(\u00260xabcu16);\n    x.push(\u00260xcdeu16);\n    x.pop();\n    assert_eq!(x.depth(), 1);\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn stack_overflow_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    for i in 0..17 {\n        x.push(\u0026i);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn stack_underflow_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    x.pop();\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn stack_lots_of_subs() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    let stack_contents = [0x123, 0x321, 0xabc, 0xdef,\n        0xbad, 0xbef, 0xfed, 0xcab,\n        0xbed, 0xcad, 0xfeb, 0xcab,\n        0xfff, 0x000, 0x001];\n    for i in stack_contents {\n        x.push(\u0026i);\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.depth(), 15);\n\n    // up to 50 random loops\n    let num_loops: u8 = random::\u003cu8\u003e() % 50;\n    for i in 0..num_loops {\n        let start_count = x.depth();\n        let num_pop = random::\u003cu8\u003e() % x.depth() as u8;\n        for current_pop in 0..num_pop {\n            x.pop();\n        }\n\n        let post_pop_count = x.depth();\n        assert_eq!(post_pop_count as u8, start_count as u8 - num_pop);\n        for current_push in 0..num_pop {\n            x.push(\u0026stack_contents[(current_push + post_pop_count as u8) as usize]);\n        }\n        assert_eq!(x.depth(), 15);\n    }\n}\n\n\n#[test]\nfn video_split_bytes() {\n    // from 0xABCD we should have AB high, CD low\n    let (low, high) = InstructionUtil::split_bytes(0xabcd);\n    assert_eq!(low, 0xAB);\n    assert_eq!(high, 0xCD);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_join_bytes() {\n    // from 0xAB low and 0xCD high we get 0xABCD\n    let merged = InstructionUtil::join_bytes(0xcd, 0xab);\n    assert_eq!(merged, 0xcdab);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_read_from_instruction() {\n    // from 0xABCD\n    let source = 0xABCD;\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_addr_from_instruction(source), 0xBCD);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_nibble_from_instruction(source), 0xD);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_x_from_instruction(source), 0xB);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_y_from_instruction(source), 0xC);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_byte_from_instruction(source), 0xCD);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_ubln() {\n    // from 0xABCD we should see B\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0xABCD), 0xB);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0x0123), 0x1);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0x0000), 0x0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_byte_to_bool_changes() {\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b00000000), [false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false]);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11111111), [true, true, true, true, true, true, true, true]);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11001100), [false, false, true, true, false, false, true, true]);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11110000), [false, false, false, false, true, true, true, true]);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false]), 0b00000000);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([true, true, true, true, true, true, true, true]), 0b11111111);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, true, true, false, false, true, true]), 0b11001100);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, false, false, true, true, true, true]), 0b11110000);\n}\n\n\nfn real_build_checkboard(in_hd: bool) -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    let mut r = Chip8Video::default();\n    let (width, height) = if in_hd {\n        r.set_highres();\n        (SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n    } else {\n        (CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n    };\n\n    println!(\"BUILDING BOARD WITH SIZE OF {width}x{height}\");\n\n    for row in 0..height {\n        let data_offset = row * width;\n\n        for col in 0..width {\n            // XOR row and column indices to alternate in a checkerboard pattern\n            let to_poke = (row % 2) ^ (col % 2) == 1;\n            let local_offset: u16 = (data_offset + col) as u16;\n\n            r.poke(local_offset, to_poke);\n        }\n    }\n    r\n}\n\nfn build_checkboard_hd() -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    real_build_checkboard(true)\n}\n\nfn build_checkerboard() -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    real_build_checkboard(false)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_default_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.clone().peek(i as u16));\n        // then flip the value and test again.\n        \u0026x.poke(i as u16, true);\n        assert!(x.clone().peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_set_initial_memory_sd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    // let mut initial_memory = [false; CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY];\n    let mut ws = String::new();\n    // set our checkerboard\n    for cbr in 0..32 {\n        for cbc in 0..64 {\n            let dof = cbr * 64 + cbc;\n            if (dof as i32 % 2) == 0 {\n                x.poke(dof, true);\n                ws += \"*\";\n            } else {\n                ws += \" \";\n            }\n        }\n        ws += \"\\n\";\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.format_as_string(), ws);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_byte_test() {\n    let to_poke = 0b11001111;\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x05, to_poke);\n    let mut expected = String::new();\n    expected = \"     **  ****                                                   \\n\".to_string();\n    for i in 0..31 {\n        expected += \u0026*(\" \".repeat(64) + \"\\n\");\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.format_as_string(), expected);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_2byte_test() {\n    let to_poke: [u8; 2] = [\n        0b11001111,\n        0b00111100\n    ];\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_2byte(0x00, to_poke);\n\n    let mut expected = String::new();\n    expected = \"**  ****  ****  \".to_string() + \u0026*\" \".repeat(64 - 16).to_string() + \"\\n\";\n    for i in 0..31 {\n        expected += \u0026*((\u0026*\" \".repeat(64)).to_string() + \"\\n\");\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(expected, x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_multirow_2_byte_sprite() {\n    // take 2 rows of 16bits and write them to memory\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_cls_stddef() {\n    let width = 64;\n    let height = 32;\n    let mut initial_memory = vec![];\n    let mut ws = String::new();\n    let mut set_x = Chip8Video::new(initial_memory.into());\n    for cbr in 0..32 {\n        ws += \u0026*\" \".repeat(width);\n        ws += \"\\n\";\n    }\n    set_x.cls();\n\n    assert_eq!(set_x.format_as_string(), ws);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_byte_test_2() {\n    let to_poke = 0b10101010;\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    v.poke_byte(0x00, to_poke);\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x00));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x01));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x02));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x03));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x04));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x05));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x06));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x07));\n    for i in 0x8..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_multi_line_test() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    let to_poke = [\n        0b00000000,\n        0b11111111,\n        0b10101010,\n        0b01010101\n    ];\n\n    for (byte_in_set, byte_to_poke) in to_poke.iter().enumerate() {\n        let base_offset = byte_in_set * 64;\n        v.poke_byte(base_offset as u16, *byte_to_poke);\n    }\n\n    // row 2 column 1\n    {\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x40));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x41));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x42));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x43));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x44));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x45));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x46));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x47));\n\n        // row 3 column 1\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC0));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC1));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC2));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC3));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC4));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC5));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC6));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC7));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_moved_poke_test() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    let to_poke = [\n        0b00000000,\n        0b11111111,\n        0b10101010,\n        0b01010101\n    ];\n\n    let x_offset = 20;\n    let y_offset = 5;\n\n\n    for (byte_in_set, byte_to_poke) in to_poke.iter().enumerate() {\n        let base_offset = (x_offset + byte_in_set) * 64 + y_offset;\n        v.poke_byte(base_offset as u16, *byte_to_poke);\n    }\n\n    let test_offset = (x_offset * 64 + y_offset) as u16;\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 1));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 2));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 3));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 4));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 5));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 6));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 7));\n\n    let test_offset = test_offset + 0x40;\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 1));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 2));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 3));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 4));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 5));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 6));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 7));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_verify_change_registered() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    v.poke(0x01, true);\n    v.poke(0x01, true);\n    assert!(v.has_frame_changed);\n\n    v.start_frame();\n    assert!(!v.has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_write_checkboard() {\n    let mut v = build_checkerboard();\n    assert_eq!(v.clone().format_as_string(), read_test_result(\"test_video_write_checkerboard.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_zero_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    for (byte_index, data_offset) in (0..=0x100).step_by(0x40).enumerate() {\n        x.poke_byte(data_offset as u16, CHIP8FONT_0[byte_index]);\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_zero.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_multi_sprite_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    // draw a row of digits 01234567\n    let to_draw = [CHIP8FONT_0, CHIP8FONT_1, CHIP8FONT_2, CHIP8FONT_3, CHIP8FONT_4, CHIP8FONT_5, CHIP8FONT_6, CHIP8FONT_7];\n    for (index, sprite) in to_draw.iter().enumerate() {\n        let data_base_offset = index * 0x8;\n        for (index, offset) in (0..=0x100).step_by(0x40).enumerate() {\n            x.poke_byte((data_base_offset + offset) as u16, sprite[index]);\n        }\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_multi_sprite.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_reset_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.reset();\n    assert_eq!(x.format_as_string(), read_test_result(\"test_reset_clears_video.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_collision_test() {\n    // Setup: Set 0xFF to 0x00 with a new frame ready\n    // Action: Run Poke to the same area\n    // Test: Verify the 'changed' flag is tripped\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0xff);\n    x.tick();\n    // set the cell thats already set...\n    x.poke(0x00, true);\n    // it becomes unset and theres a frame changed\n    assert_eq!(false, x.peek(0x00));\n\n    assert_eq!(true, x.clone().has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_collision_test2() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0b11110000);\n    assert_eq!(true, x.has_frame_changed);\n    x.tick();\n    assert_eq!(false, x.has_frame_changed);\n    // clear the 'has changed' flag\n\n    // now set a no-collision value\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0b00001111);\n    assert_eq!(true, x.has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_peek_out_of_bounds_doesnt_panic() {\n    let x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    let y = x.clone().peek(2049);\n    let y = x.clone().peek(0);\n\n    // if we got here we didn't panic\n    assert!(true);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_1_row_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_down(1);\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_1.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_10_row_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_down(10);\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_10.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_high_res_has_right_resolution() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    println!(\"[{}]\", x.format_as_string());\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_highdef.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_1_row_test_schip() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_down(1);\n\n    println!(\"[{}]\", x.format_as_string());\n    println!(\"[{}]\", read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_1_hd.asc\"));\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_1_hd.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_10_row_test_schip() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_down(10);\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_10_hd.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_left_4_row_test_std_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_left();\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_left_4_row_test_high_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_left();\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4_hd.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_right_4_row_test_std_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_right();\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_right_4_row_test_high_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_right();\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4_hd.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\nstruct InstructionTest {\n    name: String,\n    instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions,\n    asm: String,\n    encoded: u16,\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instructions_name_tests() {\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x0000).name(), INST_SYS);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x0, 0x1).name(), INST_ADD);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0x0).name(), INST_ADDI);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).name(), INST_ADDR);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(0x01, 0x02).name(), INST_AND);\n\n    let it = vec![\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SYS.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x123),\n            asm: \"SYS 0x0123\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x0123\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_CLS.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS,\n            asm: \"CLS\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00E0\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_RET.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::RET,\n            asm: \"RET\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00ee\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPA.to_string(),\n            instruction: JPA(0x234),\n            asm: \"JPA 0x0234\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xb234\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_CALL.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x123),\n            asm: \"CALL 0x0123\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x2123,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_DRW.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(0x01, 0x02, 0x03),\n            asm: \"DRW 0x01, 0x02, 0x03\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xd123\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPI.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x321),\n            asm: \"JPI 0x0321\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xb321\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SDN.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(0x01),\n            asm: \"SDN 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00c1\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SRT.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT,\n            asm: \"SRT\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FB\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SLF.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF,\n            asm: \"SLF\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FC,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_EXIT.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT,\n            asm: \"EXIT\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FD,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_DIS.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS,\n            asm: \"DIS\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FE,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ENA.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA,\n            asm: \"ENA\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FF,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SEX.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x01, 0xfa),\n            asm: \"SEX 0x01, 0xfa\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x32fa,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SNEB.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x01, 0xab),\n            asm: \"SNEB 0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x41ab,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SEY.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x1, 0x2),\n            asm: \"SEY 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x5120\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(0xa, 0xbe),\n            asm: \"LDR 0x0a, 0xbe\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x6abe,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADD.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x01, 0xab),\n            asm: \"ADD 0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x71ab\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRY.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(0x1, 0x2),\n            asm: \"LDRY 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8120,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_OR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(0x1, 0x2),\n            asm: \"OR 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8121\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_AND.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(0xb, 0xc),\n            asm: \"AND 0xb, 0xc\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8bc2,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ORY.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(0xa, 0x3),\n            asm: \"ORY 0xa, 0x3\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8a33\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADDR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x1, 0x2),\n            asm: \"ADDR 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8124\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SUB.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x4, 0x5),\n            asm: \"SUB 0x4, 0x5\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8455\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SHR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x01, 0x1),\n            asm: \"SHR 0x1, 0x1\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8116,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SUBC.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0xf, 0xa),\n            asm: \"SUBC 0xf, 0xa\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8fa7,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SHL.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x1, 0x4),\n            asm: \"SHL 0x1, 0x4\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x814e,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SNEY.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0x4, 0x5),\n            asm: \"SNEY 0x4, 0x5\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x9450,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDIA.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0xbee),\n            asm: \"LDIA 0x0bee\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x9bee\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPI.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0xfee),\n            asm: \"JPI 0x0fee\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xbfee\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_RND.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x1, 0xae),\n            asm: \"RND 0x01, 0xae\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xc1ae,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_DRW.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(0x1, 0x2, 0xf),\n            asm: \"DRW 0x01, 0x02, 0x0f\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xd12f\n        }\n        /*\n            0xE09E..=0xEFA1 =\u003e match last_byte {\n                0x9E =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(ubln),\n                0xA1 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(ubln),\n            0xF007..=0xFF65 =\u003e match last_byte {\n                0x07 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(ubln),\n                0x0A =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(ubln),\n                0x15 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(ubln),\n                0x18 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(ubln),\n                0x1E =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(ubln),\n                0x29 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(ubln),\n                0x30 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(ubln),\n                0x33 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(ubln),\n                0x55 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(ubln),\n                0x65 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(ubln),\n                0x75 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(ubln),\n                0x85 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(ubln),\n\n         */\n    ];\n\n    for current in it {\n        assert_eq!(current.instruction.name(), current.name);\n        let i = current.instruction;\n        assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(current.encoded), i));\n        assert_eq!(i.to_string(), current.asm);\n        let asm = Chip8CpuInstructions::from_str(\u0026current.asm);\n        assert_eq!(i.to_string(), asm.to_string());\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instructions_operands_tests() {\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x000).operands(), \"0x0000\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x123).operands(), \"0x0123\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0x234).operands(), \"0x0234\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x345).operands(), \"0x0345\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x456).operands(), \"0x0456\");\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_ena_dis_tests() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    assert!(!x.video_memory.is_highres());\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert!(x.video_memory.is_highres());\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert!(x.video_memory.is_highres());\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert!(!x.video_memory.is_highres());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_test_scrolling_lowres() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT.execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4.asc\"), x.dump_video_to_string());\n\n    x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF.execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4.asc\"), x.dump_video_to_string());\n\n    x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(0x01).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_1.asc\"), x.dump_video_to_string());\n\n    x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(0xA).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_10.asc\"), x.dump_video_to_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn computer_dump_keypad_to_string() {\n\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn computer_dump_registers_to_string() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let values_to_set = [0x0b, 0xad, 0xbe, 0xef,\n                                 0xca, 0xb0,\n                                 0x7a, 0xc0, 0xca, 0x70,\n                                 0xba, 0xdb, 0xed, 0x00,\n                                0x00, 0x00\n    ];\n    let expected_value = \"Vx: 0x0b 0xad 0xbe 0xef 0xca 0xb0 0x7a 0xc0\\n    0xca 0x70 0xba 0xdb 0xed 0x00 0x00 0x00\\nI: 0x0000\\tPC: 0x0200\";\n\n    for i in 0..16 {\n        x.registers.poke(i, values_to_set[i as usize]);\n    }\n\n    // now verify.\n    assert_eq!(expected_value, x.dump_registers_to_string());\n}\n\n//#[test]\nfn quirks_chip8_vf_reset_tests() {\n    // vF reset - The AND, OR and XOR opcodes (8xy1, 8xy2 and 8xy3) reset the flags\n    // register to zero. Test will show ERR1 if the AND and OR tests don't behave\n    // the same and ERR2 if the AND and XOR tests don't behave the same.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n}","traces":[{"line":16,"address":[260544],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":17,"address":[260581],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":956,"address":[260848,261882],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":957,"address":[260881],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":958,"address":[260916,261113,260937,260896],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":959,"address":[260918],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":960,"address":[261097],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":962,"address":[260900],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":965,"address":[261219],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":967,"address":[261466,261304],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":968,"address":[261484,261534],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":970,"address":[261562,261509],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":972,"address":[261664,261794],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":973,"address":[261781,261856,261823],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":975,"address":[261834,261877],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":978,"address":[261423],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":981,"address":[261904],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":982,"address":[261912],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":985,"address":[261936],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":986,"address":[261944],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}}],"covered":20,"coverable":20},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","gemmaegui.rs"],"content":"use std::path::PathBuf;\nuse std::time::Instant;\nuse crate::support::gemma_egui_support::{EGuiFileList, GemmaEguiSupport};\nuse crate::support::gemma_egui_state::GemmaEGuiState;\nuse eframe::egui;\nuse egui::{Key, Ui};\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\n\nmod support;\n\nconst LIN_KEYS: [[(Key, u8); 4]; 4] = [\n    [(Key::Num1, 0x01), (Key::Num2, 0x02), (Key::Num3, 0x03), (Key::Num4, 0x0c)],\n    [(Key::Q, 0x04), (Key::W, 0x05), (Key::E, 0x06), (Key::R, 0x0d)],\n    [(Key::A, 0x07), (Key::S, 0x08), (Key::D, 0x09), (Key::F, 0x0e)],\n    [(Key::Z, 0x0a), (Key::X, 0x00), (Key::C, 0x0b), (Key::V, 0x0F)]\n];\n\n#[derive(Default)]\nstruct DisplayOptions {\n    pub video: bool,\n    pub registers: bool,\n    pub memory: bool,\n}\npub struct GemmaViewerState {\n    pub selected_file_index: i32,\n    pub selected_filename: String,\n    pub display_options: DisplayOptions,\n}\n\nimpl Default for GemmaViewerState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        GemmaViewerState {\n            selected_file_index: -1,\n            selected_filename: String::new(),\n            display_options: Default::default(),\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl GemmaViewerState {\n    pub fn new() -\u003e GemmaViewerState {\n        GemmaViewerState {\n            ..Default::default()\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nfn main() -\u003e eframe::Result {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n\n    let mut computer = Chip8ComputerManager::new();\n    let mut state = GemmaViewerState::new();\n\n    let options = eframe::NativeOptions {\n        viewport: egui::ViewportBuilder::default().with_inner_size([320.0, 240.0]),\n        ..Default::default()\n    };\n\n    eframe::run_simple_native(\"EGUI Gemma\", options, move |ctx, _frame| {\n        catppuccin_egui::set_theme(\u0026ctx, catppuccin_egui::MOCHA);\n        egui::CentralPanel::default().show(ctx, |ui| {\n            let frame_start_time = Instant::now();\n\n            let local_computer = computer.state();\n            //if state.display_video {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::video_view(local_computer, ui);\n            // }\n\n            ui.heading(\"EGUI Gemma\");\n\n            //  if state.display_memory {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::memory_view(\u0026local_computer, ui);\n            //  }\n\n            //  if state.display_registers {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::registers_view(\u0026local_computer, ui);\n            //  }\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                if ui.button(\"Start\").clicked() {\n                    computer.start();\n                }\n                if ui.button(\"Step\").clicked() {\n                    computer.step();\n                }\n\n                if ui.button(\"Stop\").clicked() {\n                    computer.stop();\n                    //     state.is_running = false;\n                }\n                if ui.button(\"Reset\").clicked() {\n                    computer.reset();\n                    //   state.is_running = false;\n                }\n            });\n\n            if ui.button(format!(\"Load {}\", state.selected_filename)).clicked() {\n               // println!(\"Should load the bin now\");\n                let read_bin = std::fs::read(PathBuf::from(format!(\"resources/roms/{}\", state.selected_filename))).unwrap();\n                computer.load_bytes_to_system_memory(read_bin);\n            };\n            EGuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(\"resources/roms\"), \u0026mut state.selected_filename, ui);\n            let input = ctx.input(|input| {\n                // loop through the keys we are checking...\n                for row in LIN_KEYS {\n                    for (keyboard_key, keypad_key) in row {\n                        if input.key_pressed(keyboard_key) {\n                            computer.press_key(keypad_key);\n                           // println!(\"KEY {keypad_key:02x} DOWN\");\n                        } else {\n                            // release it if the user just did\n                            if computer.is_key_pressed(keypad_key) {\n                                computer.release_key(keypad_key);\n                            //    println!(\"KEY {keypad_key:02x} up\");\n                            }\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n            });\n\n            // run our target number of ticks in the amount of available time.\n            let time_consumed = Instant::now().duration_since(frame_start_time).as_millis();\n            let mut num_ticks = 0;\n            while num_ticks \u003c 1000 {\n                computer.tick();\n                num_ticks += 1;\n            }\n            ctx.request_repaint();\n        });\n    })\n}\n","traces":[{"line":32,"address":[3139128,3138960],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[3138979],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[3138984,3139041],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[3139152],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3140322,3139248,3140291],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[3139295],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[3139359],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[3139389],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[3139453,3139498],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[3140074],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[3157010,3155584,3155481],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3155609],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[3155626],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[3155648],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[3155663],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":71,"address":[3155709],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[3155724],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[3157955,3155843,3157056],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[3157081,3157195],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[3157270],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[3157409,3157286],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[3157493],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[3157509,3157632],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[3157716],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[3157855,3157732],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[3157936],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":95,"address":[3156199,3155974,3156318,3156064],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":97,"address":[3156500,3156630,3156410],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[3156893],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":100,"address":[3156910],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":101,"address":[3155601,3156968,3157984,3158642],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[3158009,3158233,3158166],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[3158493,3158423,3158249],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[3158485,3158521],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[3158577,3158637],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[3158600,3158550],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[3158613],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[3156985],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":38},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_state.rs"],"content":"use std::ops::Range;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\n\npub struct GemmaEGuiState {\n    pub display_video: bool,\n    pub display_memory: bool,\n    pub display_registers: bool,\n    pub memory_view: Range\u003ci32\u003e,\n    pub computer: Chip8ComputerManager,\n    pub selected_rom_filename: String\n}\n\nimpl Default for GemmaEGuiState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            display_video: true,\n            display_memory: true,\n            display_registers: true,\n            memory_view: 0x00..0x200,\n            computer: Chip8ComputerManager::new(),\n            selected_rom_filename: String::new()\n        }\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[3140992,3141215],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[3141023],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[3141045],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":3},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_support.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::read_dir;\nuse std::ops::Index;\nuse std::path::{Display, PathBuf};\nuse std::thread;\nuse std::time::Duration;\nuse egui::{Align, Color32, ComboBox, Direction, Pos2, Response, TextBuffer};\nuse egui::Rect;\nuse egui::Vec2;\nuse egui::Ui;\nuse egui::WidgetType::SelectableLabel;\nuse crate::Chip8Computer;\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: f32 = 5.0;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: f32 = 5.0;\n\npub struct EGuiFileList {}\nimpl EGuiFileList {\n    pub fn display_path(root: PathBuf, selected_filename: \u0026mut String, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let mut working_filename = selected_filename.clone();\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n           //  ui.label(format!(\"Displaying {}\", root.to_str().unwrap_or(\"Unable to Load Path\")));\n            ComboBox::from_label(\"Select ROM\")\n                .selected_text(selected_filename.clone())\n                .show_ui(ui, |ui| {\n\n                    let mut sorted_options = vec![];\n                    for option in read_dir(root.as_path()).unwrap() {\n                        let to_push = option.unwrap().file_name().into_string().unwrap_or( String::new());\n                        sorted_options.push(to_push);\n                    }\n\n                    sorted_options.sort();\n                    for item in sorted_options {\n                    // Add each option to the ComboBox\n                      if  ui.selectable_label(selected_filename.eq(\u0026item.as_str()), item.clone()).clicked()\n                        {\n                            *selected_filename = item;\n                        }\n                    }\n                });\n            // Display the selected option\n        });\n    }\n}\n\npub struct GemmaEguiSupport {}\n\nimpl GemmaEguiSupport {\n    pub fn controls_view(system: \u0026mut Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(Align::TOP), |ui| {\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_memory, \"Display Memory\");\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_video, \"Display Video\");\n         //   ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_registers, \"Display Registers\");\n        });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(format!(\"V0-7: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x00),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x01),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x02),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x03),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x04),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x05),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x06),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x07)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"V8-F: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x08),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x09),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0A),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0B),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0C),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0D),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0E),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0F)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"PC: {:04x}\\tI: {:04x}\", system.registers.peek_pc(), system.registers.peek_i()));\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let (_resp, painter) = ui.allocate_painter(Vec2::new(350.0, 165.0), egui::Sense::hover());\n        for current_row in 0..32 {\n            for current_col in 0..64 {\n                let data_offset = current_row * 64 + current_col;\n                let x_offset = current_col as f32 * CELL_WIDTH;\n                let y_offset = current_row as f32 * CELL_HEIGHT;\n                let origin = Pos2::new(x_offset, y_offset);\n                let colour = if system.video_memory.peek(data_offset) {\n                    Color32::RED\n                } else {\n                    Color32::WHITE\n                };\n                let rect = Rect::from_min_size(origin, Vec2::new(CELL_WIDTH, CELL_HEIGHT));\n                painter.rect_filled(rect, 0.0, colour);\n                // println!(\"Cell {current_col}x{current_row} at {}x{} -\u003e {}\",\n                //          origin.x, origin.y,\n                //          system.video_memory.peek(data_offset));\n            }\n        }\n    //    thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));\n    }\n\n    pub fn memory_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(\"Memory View\");\n\n        for i in (0..=0x200).step_by(16) {\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                for y in 0..16 {\n                    ui.label(format!(\"{:02x}\", system.memory.peek((i + y) as u16)).as_str());\n                }\n            });\n        }\n        ui.label(\"Should have **something** to adjust the 'memory window'\");\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":18,"address":[3111632,3112065],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[3111662],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[3111893],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3152254,3152078,3152188],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[3152123,3152236,3152304],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[3152244,3154127,3154548,3152336],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[3152372],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3154499,3152898,3152759,3152931,3152533,3152429],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3154526,3154158],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3154424],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[3153173],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[3154103,3153207,3153447,3153397],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[3154090,3153487,3153597,3153798],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[3153909],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3112096],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[3112215],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[3112336],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[3113496,3114216,3115988,3114912,3115608,3115376,3114680,3114448,3115144,3113984],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[3112384],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[3112521],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3112661],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[3112801],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[3112941],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[3113081],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":66,"address":[3113221],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[3113361],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[3119630,3119250,3117626,3117138,3118090,3118786,3119018,3118554,3118322,3117858],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[3116023],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":71,"address":[3116163],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[3116303],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[3116443],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[3116583],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[3116723],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[3116863],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[3117003],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[3119671,3119938,3120649,3120234,3119807,3120466],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[3120704,3122092],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":83,"address":[3120759],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":84,"address":[3121153,3121071,3121257],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[3121376,3121278],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[3121660,3121491],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[3121580],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":88,"address":[3121614],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[3121700],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[3121777,3121736],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[3121779],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[3121764],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[3122006],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[3122128],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[3122160],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[3122406,3122194],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":109,"address":[3122519],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[3154638,3154696],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[3155267,3155085,3154707,3154837],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":115,"address":[3122349],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":55},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","mod.rs"],"content":"pub mod gemma_egui_state;\npub mod gemma_egui_support;\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","gemmaimgui.rs"],"content":"use std::default::Default;\nuse std::fs::DirEntry;\nuse std::time::Instant;\nuse gemma::{\n    chip8::computer::Chip8Computer,\n    constants::{CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT, CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH},\n};\nuse imgui::*;\nuse sys::{ImColor, ImVec2, ImVector_ImU32};\nuse rand::random;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\nuse gemma::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction;\nuse gemma::chip8::system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory;\nuse support::{emmagui_support::GemmaImguiSupport, ui_state::ImGuiUiState};\nuse clap::{Parser, Subcommand};\nuse gemma::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode;\nuse gemma::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode::Chip8;\n\n\nmod support;\n\n/// Keypad Mappings for my Linux box\n/// 1 2 3 C\n/// 4 5 6 D\n/// 7 8 9 E\n/// A 0 B F\n\nconst LIN_KEYS: [(u16, u8); 0x10] = [(537, 0x01),(538, 0x02),(539, 0x03),(540, 0x0c),\n                              (562, 0x04),(568, 0x05),(550, 0x06),(563, 0x0d),\n                              (546, 7),(564, 8),(549, 9),(551, 0xe),\n                              (571, 0xa),(569, 0),(548, 0xb),(567, 0xf)];\n\nfn main() {\n    pretty_env_logger::init();\n\n    let mut system = Chip8ComputerManager::default();\n    let mut ui_state = ImGuiUiState::default();\n    let target_ips = ui_state.target_ips;\n\n    support::simple_init(file!(), move |_, ui| {\n        let current_time = Instant::now();\n        let mut num_cycles = 0;\n\n        // Key Checks\n        let down_keys = ui.io().keys_down;\n\n        // START DEBUG CODE TO DISPLAY WHAT KEYS WE TRAPPED\n        for (idx, val) in down_keys.iter().enumerate() {\n            if *val {\n                println!(\"{idx} = {val}\");\n            }\n        }\n        // END DEBUG CODE\n\n        for (key_code, key_reg) in LIN_KEYS {\n            if down_keys[key_code as usize] {\n                system.press_key(key_reg);\n                system.wait_for_instruction();\n            } else {\n                // do we need to release it?\n\n                if system.is_key_pressed(key_reg) {\n                    system.release_key(key_reg);\n                }\n            }\n        }\n\n        let target_ms = ui_state.frame_time;\n        let loop_start_time = Instant::now();\n        while Instant::now().duration_since(current_time).as_millis() \u003c target_ms as u128 \u0026\u0026 num_cycles \u003c target_ips {\n            if system.tick() {\n                num_cycles += 1;\n            }\n        }\n        let cycles_time = Instant::now().duration_since(loop_start_time);\n        if num_cycles \u003e 0 {\n            println!(\"Ran for {}ms and executed {}/{} cycles.\", cycles_time.as_millis(), num_cycles, target_ips);\n        }\n        // GUI Parts\n        if ui_state.show_video {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::video_display(\u0026system.state(), \u0026ui_state, ui);\n        }\n\n        GemmaImguiSupport::system_controls(\u0026mut system, \u0026mut ui_state, ui);\n\n        if ui_state.show_registers {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::registers_view(\u0026system.state(), ui);\n        }\n\n        if ui_state.show_memory {\n            let active_instruction = system.state().registers.peek_pc();\n            GemmaImguiSupport::hex_memory_display(system.state().memory.clone(), (0x100, 0x10), active_instruction as i16, ui);\n        }\n\n        if ui_state.show_keypad {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::keypad_display(\u0026system.state(), ui);\n        }\n    });\n}\n","traces":[{"line":29,"address":[3905428,3905104,3905399],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[3905149],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[3905166],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[3905196],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[3905141],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[3371781,3370464],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[3370520],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[3370555],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":40,"address":[3370563],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[3370829,3370594],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[3370861],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[3372023],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[3370755,3370948,3371050,3370891],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[3371630,3371084],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[3371705],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[3371765],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[3371723,3371678],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[3371741],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[3371031],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[3371048,3371230,3371604,3371109],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[3371247],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":66,"address":[3371253,3371609,3371600],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[3371214],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[3371323],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[3371287],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[3371307],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[3371390],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[3371374],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[3371445],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[3371485],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":84,"address":[3371429],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[3371562],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":32},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","support","emmagui_support.rs"],"content":"use std::ffi::OsString;\nuse gemma::constants::CHIP8_KEYBOARD;\nuse std::fs::{File, read_dir};\nuse std::io::Read;\nuse std::path::{Path, PathBuf};\nuse std::time::Duration;\nuse imgui::{Condition, ImColor32, Ui};\nuse log::debug;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::ManagerDumpables::{Keyboard, Registers, Video};\nuse gemma::chip8::keypad::Keypad;\nuse gemma::chip8::system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory;\nuse gemma::constants::{CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT, CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH};\nuse crate::ImGuiUiState;\nuse crate::support::gui_file_list::GuiFileList;\nuse super::ui_state;\n\nconst ROM_ROOT: \u0026str = \"/home/tmerritt/Projects/chip8_toy/resources/roms\";\n\npub struct GemmaImguiSupport {}\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: i32 = 5i32;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: i32 = 5i32;\n\nimpl GemmaImguiSupport {\n    pub fn keypad_display(system_to_display: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        ui.window(format!(\"Keypad\"))\n            .size([100.0, 100.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                for row in CHIP8_KEYBOARD {\n                    for key in row {\n                        let label = if system_to_display.keypad.pressed(key) {\n                            format!(\"*{:1x}*\", key)\n                        } else {\n                            format!(\"{:1x}\", key)\n                        };\n                        ui.text(format!(\"{}\", label));\n                        ui.same_line();\n                    }\n                    ui.text(\"\");\n                }\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_display(system_to_control: \u0026Chip8Computer, gui_state: \u0026ImGuiUiState, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        // draw area size\n        let (width, height) = system_to_control.video_memory.get_resolution();\n        let draw_area_size = ui.io().display_size;\n        //  println!(\"DRAW_AREA_SIZE = {}x{}\", draw_area_size[0], draw_area_size[1]);\n        let cell_width = ((draw_area_size[0] as i32 / width) * 6) / 10;\n        let cell_height = ((draw_area_size[1] as i32 / height) * 6) / 10;\n\n        ui.window(format!(\"Display {cell_width}x{cell_height}\"))\n            .size([300.0, 300.0], Condition::Once)\n            .build(|| {\n                let origin = ui.cursor_pos();\n                let fg = ui.get_window_draw_list();\n                if system_to_control.video_memory.is_highres() {\n                    // ui.text(\"High Def Video here\");\n                    for current_row in 0..=height {\n                        let y_offset = origin[1] as i32 + (current_row * cell_height);\n                        for current_column in 0..=width {\n                            let x_offset = origin[0] as i32 + (current_column * cell_width);\n                            let current_origin = [x_offset as f32, y_offset as f32];\n                            let current_limit = [(x_offset + cell_width) as f32, (y_offset + cell_height) as f32];\n                            let memory_offset = (current_row * width + current_column) as u16;\n                            let to_render = system_to_control.video_memory.peek(memory_offset);\n                            let color: ImColor32 = if to_render {\n                                gui_state.on_colour\n                            } else {\n                                gui_state.off_colour\n                            };\n                            fg.add_rect_filled_multicolor(current_origin, current_limit, color, color, color, color);\n                        }\n                    }\n                } else {\n                    for current_row in 0..height {\n                        let y_offset = origin[1] as i32 + (current_row * cell_height);\n                        for current_column in 0..width {\n                            let x_offset = origin[0] as i32 + (current_column * cell_width);\n                            let current_origin = [x_offset as f32, y_offset as f32];\n                            let current_limit = [(x_offset + cell_width) as f32, (y_offset + cell_height) as f32];\n                            let memory_offset = (current_row * width + current_column) as u16;\n                            let to_render = system_to_control.video_memory.peek(memory_offset);\n                            let color: ImColor32 = if to_render {\n                                gui_state.on_colour\n                            } else {\n                                gui_state.off_colour\n                            };\n                            fg.add_rect_filled_multicolor(current_origin, current_limit, color, color, color, color);\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n            });\n    }\n    pub fn system_controls(system_to_control: \u0026mut Chip8ComputerManager, gui_state: \u0026mut ImGuiUiState, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        // let mut state: Chip8Computer = system_to_control;\n        ui.window(\"!!!! CONTROLS !!!!\")\n            .size([345.0, 200.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                /* System Step Counter */\n                ui.text(format!(\"Step {:04x}\", system_to_control.num_cycles()).as_str());\n\n                /* ROM Lister */\n                let new_filename = GuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(ROM_ROOT), \u0026gui_state.filename_to_load, ui);\n                if !new_filename.is_empty() {\n                    if new_filename != gui_state.filename_to_load {\n                        debug!(\"NEW FILENAME SELECTED -\u003e {new_filename}\");\n                        gui_state.filename_to_load = new_filename;\n                    }\n                    if ui.button(\"Load Program\") {\n                        let mut buffer = Vec::new();\n                        debug!(\"PREPARING TO LOAD {}\", gui_state.filename_to_load);\n                        // let mut input_file = File::open(Path::new(\"./1-chip8-logo.ch8\")).expect(\"put 1-chip8-logo.ch8 in this directory\");\n                        let mut input_file = File::open(Path::new(\u0026(ROM_ROOT.to_string() + \"/\" + \u0026gui_state.filename_to_load))).expect(\"put 1-chip8-logo.ch8 in this directory\");\n                        input_file.read_to_end(\u0026mut buffer).expect(\"unable to read file\");\n                        system_to_control.load_bytes_to_system_memory((\u0026*buffer).into());\n                    }\n                }\n                ui.separator();\n                // if the system has no program loaded hide the buttons.\n                if system_to_control.state().memory.peek(0x200) != 0x00 {\n                    if ui.button(\"Step\") {\n                        system_to_control.step();\n                    };\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    if ui.button(\"Run\") {\n                        system_to_control.start();\n                    }\n                }\n                ui.same_line();\n                if ui.button(\"Stop\") {\n                    system_to_control.stop();\n                }\n                ui.same_line();\n                if ui.button(\"Reset\") {\n                    system_to_control.reset();\n                }\n                if ui.button(\"Dump Video Memory\") {\n                    println!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Video));\n                }\n                ui.same_line();\n                if ui.button(\"Dump Keypad State\") {\n                    debug!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Keyboard));\n                }\n                ui.same_line();\n                if ui.button(\"Dump Registers\") {\n                    debug!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Registers));\n                }\n                ui.separator();\n\n                ui.checkbox(\"Show Memory\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_memory);\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.checkbox(\"Show Video\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_video);\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.checkbox(\"Show Registers\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_registers);\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        ui.window(\"Registers\")\n            .size([400.0, 500.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                ui.text(\"Registers\");\n                for i in 1..0x10 {\n                    ui.text(format!(\"V{:X}: {}\", i, system.registers.peek(i)));\n                    if i != 7 {\n                        ui.same_line();\n                    }\n                }\n                ui.text(\"\");\n                ui.text(format!(\"I: {:03X}\", system.registers.peek_i()));\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.text(format!(\"ST: {:02X}\", system.sound_timer.current()));\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.text(format!(\"DT: {:02X}\", system.delay_timer.current()));\n                ui.text(format!(\"PC: {:02X}\", system.registers.peek_pc()));\n                ui.text(format!(\"SP: {:02X}\", system.stack.depth()));\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn hex_memory_display(bytes: Chip8SystemMemory, position: (i32, i32), active: i16, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        let rows = position.0;\n        let cols = position.1;\n        ui.window(\"System Memory\")\n            .size([400.0, 300.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                    let mut current_x_hover: i32 = 0;\n                    let mut current_y_hover: i32 = 0;\n                    // display a block of data\n                    for current_row in 0..rows {\n                        ui.text(format!(\"{:02x}\", current_row * cols));\n                        ui.same_line();\n                        for current_column in 0..cols {\n                            let data_offset = current_row * cols + current_column;\n                            let formatted_text = format!(\"{:02x}\", bytes.peek(data_offset as u16));\n                            let text_location = ui.cursor_screen_pos();\n                            let text_size = ui.calc_text_size(formatted_text.clone());\n                            let bounding_box = imgui::sys::ImVec2 {\n                                x: text_location[0] + text_size[0],\n                                y: text_location[1] + text_size[1],\n                            };\n\n                            let hovering = ui.is_mouse_hovering_rect(text_location, [bounding_box.x, bounding_box.y]);\n                            let is_active = data_offset == active as i32;\n\n                            ui.text_colored(if hovering {\n                                [0., 1., 1., 1.]\n                            } else if is_active {\n                                [1., 0., 1., 1.]\n                            } else {\n                                [1., 1., 0., 1.]\n                            }, formatted_text.clone());\n\n                            // if we are hovering show that at the bottom...\n                            if hovering {\n                                // Optionally change the text color to indicate it's interactable\n                                current_x_hover = current_column;\n                                current_y_hover = current_row;\n\n                                // Check if the left mouse button is clicked while hovering over the text\n                                if ui.is_mouse_clicked(imgui::MouseButton::Left) {\n                                    debug!(\"Offset: [{}] [0x{:02x}] Value: [{}]\", data_offset, data_offset, formatted_text.clone());\n                                    // Perform any action here, e.g., call a function, trigger an event, etc.\n                                }\n                            }\n\n                            // are we on the same line?\n                            if current_column != (cols - 1) {\n                                ui.same_line();\n                            }\n                        }\n                    }\n                    ui.text(format!(\"Offset 0x{:03x}\", current_x_hover * cols + current_y_hover));\n            });\n    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}\n            if working_select.build() {\n                debug!(\"SELECTED {index} / {entry:?}\");\n                working_filename = entry.clone().into_string().unwrap();\n            };\n        }\n        working_filename\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":10,"address":[3258384,3262833,3262676],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":11,"address":[3258545,3258458],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":12,"address":[3258850,3258630,3258553,3258987],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":14,"address":[3259002],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":16,"address":[3259017,3259412,3259600,3259571,3259168],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[3262703],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[3259848],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3261688,3260206,3259902],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[3260959,3260315,3260659,3260238],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[3261214,3261665,3261070,3260974,3261528],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[3261547],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3262671,3261450,3261674],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3261693,3262082,3261813],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3262287,3261745,3262513],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[3260160],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":15},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","support","mod.rs"],"content":"use glium::glutin::surface::WindowSurface;\nuse glium::{Display, Surface};\nuse imgui::{Context, FontConfig, FontGlyphRanges, FontSource, Ui};\nuse imgui_glium_renderer::Renderer;\nuse imgui_winit_support::winit::event::{Event, WindowEvent};\nuse imgui_winit_support::winit::event_loop::EventLoop;\nuse imgui_winit_support::winit::window::WindowBuilder;\nuse imgui_winit_support::{HiDpiMode, WinitPlatform};\nuse std::path::Path;\nuse std::time::Instant;\n\npub mod ui_state;\npub mod emmagui_support;\nmod gui_file_list;\n\nuse copypasta::{ClipboardContext, ClipboardProvider};\nuse imgui::ClipboardBackend;\n\npub struct ClipboardSupport(pub ClipboardContext);\n\npub fn clipboard_init() -\u003e Option\u003cClipboardSupport\u003e {\n    ClipboardContext::new().ok().map(ClipboardSupport)\n}\n\nimpl ClipboardBackend for ClipboardSupport {\n    fn get(\u0026mut self) -\u003e Option\u003cString\u003e {\n        self.0.get_contents().ok()\n    }\n    fn set(\u0026mut self, text: \u0026str) {\n        // ignore errors?\n        let _ = self.0.set_contents(text.to_owned());\n    }\n}\n\npub const FONT_SIZE: f32 = 13.0;\n\n#[allow(dead_code)] // annoyingly, RA yells that this is unusued\npub fn simple_init\u003cF: FnMut(\u0026mut bool, \u0026mut Ui) + 'static\u003e(title: \u0026str, run_ui: F) {\n    init_with_startup(title, |_, _, _| {}, run_ui);\n}\n\npub fn init_with_startup\u003cFInit, FUi\u003e(title: \u0026str, mut startup: FInit, mut run_ui: FUi)\nwhere\n    FInit: FnMut(\u0026mut Context, \u0026mut Renderer, \u0026Display\u003cWindowSurface\u003e) + 'static,\n    FUi: FnMut(\u0026mut bool, \u0026mut Ui) + 'static,\n{\n    let mut imgui = create_context();\n\n    let title = match Path::new(\u0026title).file_name() {\n        Some(file_name) =\u003e file_name.to_str().unwrap(),\n        None =\u003e title,\n    };\n    let event_loop = EventLoop::new().expect(\"Failed to create EventLoop\");\n\n    let builder = WindowBuilder::new()\n        .with_maximized(true)\n        .with_title(title);\n      //  .with_inner_size(LogicalSize::new(1024, 768));\n    let (window, display) = glium::backend::glutin::SimpleWindowBuilder::new()\n        .set_window_builder(builder)\n        .build(\u0026event_loop);\n    let mut renderer = Renderer::init(\u0026mut imgui, \u0026display).expect(\"Failed to initialize renderer\");\n\n    if let Some(backend) = clipboard_init() {\n        imgui.set_clipboard_backend(backend);\n    } else {\n        eprintln!(\"Failed to initialize clipboard\");\n    }\n\n    let mut platform = WinitPlatform::init(\u0026mut imgui);\n    {\n        let dpi_mode = if let Ok(factor) = std::env::var(\"IMGUI_EXAMPLE_FORCE_DPI_FACTOR\") {\n            // Allow forcing of HiDPI factor for debugging purposes\n            match factor.parse::\u003cf64\u003e() {\n                Ok(f) =\u003e HiDpiMode::Locked(f),\n                Err(e) =\u003e panic!(\"Invalid scaling factor: {}\", e),\n            }\n        } else {\n            HiDpiMode::Default\n        };\n\n        platform.attach_window(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, dpi_mode);\n    }\n\n    let mut last_frame = Instant::now();\n\n    startup(\u0026mut imgui, \u0026mut renderer, \u0026display);\n\n    event_loop\n        .run(move |event, window_target| match event {\n            Event::NewEvents(_) =\u003e {\n                let now = Instant::now();\n                imgui.io_mut().update_delta_time(now - last_frame);\n                last_frame = now;\n            }\n            Event::AboutToWait =\u003e {\n                platform\n                    .prepare_frame(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window)\n                    .expect(\"Failed to prepare frame\");\n                window.request_redraw();\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::RedrawRequested,\n                ..\n            } =\u003e {\n                let ui = imgui.frame();\n\n                let mut run = true;\n                run_ui(\u0026mut run, ui);\n                if !run {\n                    window_target.exit();\n                }\n\n                let mut target = display.draw();\n                target.clear_color_srgb(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);\n                platform.prepare_render(ui, \u0026window);\n                let draw_data = imgui.render();\n                renderer\n                    .render(\u0026mut target, draw_data)\n                    .expect(\"Rendering failed\");\n                target.finish().expect(\"Failed to swap buffers\");\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::Resized(new_size),\n                ..\n            } =\u003e {\n                if new_size.width \u003e 0 \u0026\u0026 new_size.height \u003e 0 {\n                    display.resize((new_size.width, new_size.height));\n                }\n                platform.handle_event(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, \u0026event);\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::CloseRequested,\n                ..\n            } =\u003e window_target.exit(),\n            event =\u003e {\n                platform.handle_event(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, \u0026event);\n            }\n        })\n        .expect(\"EventLoop error\");\n}\n\n/// Creates the imgui context\npub fn create_context() -\u003e imgui::Context {\n    let mut imgui = Context::create();\n    // Fixed font size. Note imgui_winit_support uses \"logical\n    // pixels\", which are physical pixels scaled by the devices\n    // scaling factor. Meaning, 13.0 pixels should look the same size\n    // on two different screens, and thus we do not need to scale this\n    // value (as the scaling is handled by winit)\n    imgui.fonts().add_font(\u0026[\n        FontSource::TtfData {\n            data: include_bytes!(\"../../../../resources/Roboto-Regular.ttf\"),\n            size_pixels: FONT_SIZE,\n            config: Some(FontConfig {\n                // As imgui-glium-renderer isn't gamma-correct with\n                // it's font rendering, we apply an arbitrary\n                // multiplier to make the font a bit \"heavier\". With\n                // default imgui-glow-renderer this is unnecessary.\n                rasterizer_multiply: 1.5,\n                // Oversampling font helps improve text rendering at\n                // expense of larger font atlas texture.\n                oversample_h: 4,\n                oversample_v: 4,\n                ..FontConfig::default()\n            }),\n        },\n        FontSource::TtfData {\n            data: include_bytes!(\"../../../../resources/mplus-1p-regular.ttf\"),\n            size_pixels: FONT_SIZE,\n            config: Some(FontConfig {\n                // Oversampling font helps improve text rendering at\n                // expense of larger font atlas texture.\n                oversample_h: 4,\n                oversample_v: 4,\n                // Range of glyphs to rasterize\n                glyph_ranges: FontGlyphRanges::japanese(),\n                ..FontConfig::default()\n            }),\n        },\n    ]);\n    imgui.set_ini_filename(None);\n\n    imgui\n}\n","traces":[{"line":21,"address":[3368656],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3368673],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[3368736],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3368755],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3368800],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[3368823],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[3363888,3366957,3365974],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3364115,3364208],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[3364330,3364516],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[3364671,3364714],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3364990,3365038],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[3365896,3365716],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[3367484],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[3367599],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":97,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":100,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":109,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":114,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":115,"address":[3367971],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":117,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":118,"address":[3368141],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":120,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":121,"address":[3368205],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":123,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":124,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":125,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":126,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":127,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":128,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":130,"address":[3367734,3367838],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":132,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":133,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":134,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":136,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":137,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":144,"address":[3370428,3368880],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":145,"address":[3368897],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":151,"address":[3368921,3370022],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":152,"address":[3369320],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":155,"address":[3368997],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":165,"address":[3368978],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":168,"address":[3369888],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":171,"address":[3369573],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":177,"address":[3369454],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":178,"address":[3369539],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":182,"address":[3370367],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":184,"address":[3370400],"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std::time::Instant;\nuse imgui::ImColor32;\n\npub struct ImGuiUiState {\n    pub show_registers: bool,\n    pub show_memory: bool,\n    pub show_video: bool,\n    pub show_keypad: bool,\n    pub filename_to_load: String,\n    pub on_colour: ImColor32,\n    pub off_colour: ImColor32,\n    pub is_running: bool,\n    pub frame_time: u32,\n    pub last_frame_instant: Instant,\n    pub target_ips: i32\n}\n\nimpl Clone for ImGuiUiState {\n    fn clone(\u0026self) -\u003e Self {\n        ImGuiUiState {\n            show_registers: self.show_registers,\n            show_memory: self.show_memory,\n            show_video: self.show_video,\n            show_keypad: self.show_keypad,\n            filename_to_load: self.filename_to_load.to_string(),\n            on_colour: self.on_colour,\n            off_colour: self.off_colour,\n            is_running: self.is_running,\n            frame_time: self.frame_time,\n            last_frame_instant: self.last_frame_instant,\n            target_ips: self.target_ips\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for ImGuiUiState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        ImGuiUiState {\n            show_registers: false,\n            show_memory: false,\n            show_video: true,\n            show_keypad: true,\n            filename_to_load: String::new(),\n            on_colour: ImColor32::from_rgb(0xff, 0xff, 0x00),\n            off_colour: ImColor32::from_rgb(0x00, 0xff, 0xff),\n            is_running: false,\n            frame_time: 16,\n            last_frame_instant: Instant::now(),\n            target_ips: 20\n        }\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":18,"address":[3684384],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[3684411],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[3684415],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3684419],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[3684422],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[3684429],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[3684458],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[3684462],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3684466],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3684470],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3684473],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[3684795,3684576],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[3684595],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[3684607],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[3684662],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":46,"address":[3684675],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":16},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","gemmasdl2.rs"],"content":"mod support;\nuse std::{sync::Arc, time::Instant};\nuse anyhow::Context;\nuse egui::TextBuffer;\nuse egui_glow::glow::{HasContext, COLOR_BUFFER_BIT};\nuse egui_sdl2_platform::sdl2;\nuse sdl2::event::{Event, WindowEvent};\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse support::timestep::TimeStep;\nuse crate::support::gemma_egui_support::GemmaEguiSupport;\n\nconst SCREEN_WIDTH: u32 = 800;\nconst SCREEN_HEIGHT: u32 = 480;\n\nasync fn run() -\u003e anyhow::Result\u003cString\u003e {\n    // Initialize SDL2 and video subsystem\n    let sdl = sdl2::init().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to create SDL context: {}\", e))?;\n    let mut video = sdl.video().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to initialize SDL video subsystem: {}\", e))?;\n\n    // Create SDL2 window and OpenGL context\n    let window = video.window(\"Window\", SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT)\n        .opengl()\n        .position_centered()\n        .build()?;\n    let _gl_context = window.gl_create_context().expect(\"Failed to create GL context\");\n\n    // Load OpenGL functions\n    let gl = unsafe {\n        egui_glow::painter::Context::from_loader_function(|name| {\n            video.gl_get_proc_address(name) as *const _\n        })\n    };\n    let mut painter = egui_glow::Painter::new(Arc::new(gl), \"\", None)?;\n\n    // Setup Egui and SDL2 platform\n    let mut platform = egui_sdl2_platform::Platform::new(window.size())?;\n    let mut event_pump = sdl.event_pump().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to get SDL event pump: {}\", e))?;\n\n    // Initial settings\n    let mut color = [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]; // Background color\n    let start_time = Instant::now();\n    let mut timestep = TimeStep::new();\n\n    let mut computer = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let mut is_running: bool = false;\n    computer.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026std::fs::read(\"resources/roms/3-corax+.ch8\")?);\n\n    // Main loop\n    'main: loop {\n        // Update the Egui platform with the current time\n        platform.update_time(start_time.elapsed().as_secs_f64());\n\n        // Begin Egui frame\n        let ctx = platform.context();\n\n        if is_running {\n            computer.step_system();\n        }\n\n        egui::Window::new(\"Hello, world!\").show(\u0026ctx, |ui| {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::video_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n            GemmaEguiSupport::memory_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n            GemmaEguiSupport::registers_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n        });\n\n        // Process Egui frame\n        let full_output = platform.end_frame(\u0026mut video)?;\n        let paint_jobs = platform.tessellate(\u0026full_output);\n\n        // Clear the screen with the current color\n        unsafe {\n            painter.gl().clear_color(color[0], color[1], color[2], 1.0);\n            painter.gl().clear(COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);\n        }\n\n        // Paint Egui outputs and update textures\n        let size = window.size();\n        painter.paint_and_update_textures([size.0, size.1], 1.0, paint_jobs.as_slice(), \u0026full_output.textures_delta);\n        window.gl_swap_window();\n\n        // Run the timestep logic\n        timestep.run_this(|_| {});\n\n        // Handle SDL2 events\n        for event in event_pump.poll_iter() {\n            match event {\n                Event::Quit { .. }\n                | Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::Escape), .. } =\u003e break 'main,\n                Event::Window { window_id, win_event, .. } if window_id == window.id() =\u003e {\n                    if let WindowEvent::Close = win_event {\n                        break 'main;\n                    }\n                }\n                Event::KeyUp { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F3), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F3 -\u003e running\");\n                    is_running = true;\n                }\n                Event::KeyUp { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F4), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F4 -\u003e stopping\");\n                    is_running = false;\n                }\n                Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F5), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F5 -\u003e Step\");\n                    computer.step_system();\n                }\n                Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F6), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F6 -\u003e RESET\");\n                    computer.reset();\n                }\n                Event::ControllerButtonDown { which, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"PLAYER {which} DOWN\");\n                }\n                Event::ControllerButtonDown { button, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"BUTTON {:?}\", button);\n                }\n                Event::JoyButtonDown {button_idx, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"JoyButtonDown {}\", button_idx);\n                }\n                Event::JoyAxisMotion { which, axis_idx, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"JoyAxismotion {which} {axis_idx}\");\n                }\n                _ =\u003e platform.handle_event(\u0026event, \u0026sdl, \u0026video),\n            }\n        }\n\n        // Optionally log the frame rate\n        if let Some(fps) = timestep.frame_rate() {\n            println!(\"{:?} fps\", fps);\n        }\n\n        let num_js = sdl.joystick().unwrap().num_joysticks().unwrap();\n        println!(\"NUM JS = {num_js}\");\n    }\n\n    Ok((\"\").parse()?)\n}\n\nfn main() -\u003e anyhow::Result\u003c()\u003e {\n    pollster::block_on(run())?;\n    Ok(())\n}\n","traces":[{"line":15,"address":[677168],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[691266,691541,691312,684153,684070,684259,691417],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":18,"address":[691845,684252,684515,691721,691264,684360,691616],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[684676,684464,684600,684855],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[684932],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[685033,691920],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[691938],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[685092,685337,691183],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[685304,691162,685639,685460],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[692181,691952,685740,692057,685914,685632,691141],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":40,"address":[685844],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[685888,686014],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[686037],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[686044],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[686063],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":46,"address":[686071,686158,691101],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[686400],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[686516],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[686559],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[686659,686596],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[686693,692256,686569],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[692274],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[692288],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[692302],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[686943,686715],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[686916],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[687136,687028],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[687229],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[687295],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[687344],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[687452],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[687479,692320,692331],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[687486,687589],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[689501,687637,688911,690558],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[688842,689408],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[689460],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[690673],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":95,"address":[690594,690646],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[690665],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[690705],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[690678,690620],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":100,"address":[690697],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[690510],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[690472,689552],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[690491],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[690553],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[689581,690515],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[690534],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[689227],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[690984],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[689098],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":117,"address":[690910],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[688955],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":120,"address":[690820],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":122,"address":[688774,691058],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":127,"address":[687582,687697],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":128,"address":[687877],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":131,"address":[688187,687870,688500],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":132,"address":[688636],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[689751,689684],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":138,"address":[677184],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":139,"address":[677360,677191],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":140,"address":[677349],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":63},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_support.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::read_dir;\nuse std::ops::Index;\nuse std::path::{Display, PathBuf};\nuse std::thread;\nuse std::time::Duration;\nuse egui::{Align, Color32, ComboBox, Direction, Pos2, Response, TextBuffer};\nuse egui::Rect;\nuse egui::Vec2;\nuse egui::Ui;\nuse egui::WidgetType::SelectableLabel;\nuse crate::Chip8Computer;\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: f32 = 5.0;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: f32 = 5.0;\n\npub struct EGuiFileList {}\nimpl EGuiFileList {\n    pub fn display_path(root: PathBuf, selected_filename: \u0026mut String, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let mut working_filename = selected_filename.clone();\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n           //  ui.label(format!(\"Displaying {}\", root.to_str().unwrap_or(\"Unable to Load Path\")));\n            ComboBox::from_label(\"Select ROM\")\n                .selected_text(selected_filename.clone())\n                .show_ui(ui, |ui| {\n\n                    let mut sorted_options = vec![];\n                    for option in read_dir(root.as_path()).unwrap() {\n                        let to_push = option.unwrap().file_name().into_string().unwrap_or( String::new());\n                        sorted_options.push(to_push);\n                    }\n\n                    sorted_options.sort();\n                    for item in sorted_options {\n                    // Add each option to the ComboBox\n                      if  ui.selectable_label(selected_filename.eq(\u0026item.as_str()), item.clone()).clicked()\n                        {\n                            *selected_filename = item;\n                        }\n                    }\n                });\n            // Display the selected option\n        });\n    }\n}\n\npub struct GemmaEguiSupport {}\n\nimpl GemmaEguiSupport {\n    pub fn controls_view(mut system: \u0026mut Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n         ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n             if ui.button(\"Start\").clicked() {\n                 println!(\"Start\");\n          //       state.is_running = true;\n             }\n             if ui.button(\"Step\").clicked() {\n                 system.step_system();\n             }\n\n             if ui.button(\"Stop\").clicked() {\n                 println!(\"STOP\");\n            //     state.is_running = false;\n             }\n             if ui.button(\"Reset\").clicked() {\n                 system.reset();\n              //   state.is_running = false;\n             }\n         });\n\n     //       if ui.button(format!(\"Load {}\", state.selected_rom_filename)).clicked() {\n                // load the bin...\n       //         let read_bin = std::fs::read(PathBuf::from(format!(\"resources/roms/{}\", state.selected_rom_filename))).unwrap();\n                // ...then feed the system.\n       //         system.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026read_bin);\n       //         println!(\"Loaded {}\", state.selected_rom_filename);\n       //     }\n       //      EGuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(\"resources/roms\"), \u0026mut state.selected_rom_filename, ui);\n\n\n\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(Align::TOP), |ui| {\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_memory, \"Display Memory\");\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_video, \"Display Video\");\n         //   ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_registers, \"Display Registers\");\n        });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(format!(\"V0-7: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x00),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x01),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x02),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x03),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x04),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x05),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x06),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x07)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"V8-F: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x08),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x09),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0A),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0B),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0C),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0D),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0E),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0F)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"PC: {:04x}\\tI: {:04x}\", system.registers.peek_pc(), system.registers.peek_i()));\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let (_resp, painter) = ui.allocate_painter(Vec2::new(350.0, 165.0), egui::Sense::hover());\n        for current_row in 0..32 {\n            for current_col in 0..64 {\n                let data_offset = current_row * 64 + current_col;\n                let x_offset = current_col as f32 * CELL_WIDTH;\n                let y_offset = current_row as f32 * CELL_HEIGHT;\n                let origin = Pos2::new(x_offset, y_offset);\n                let colour = if system.video_memory.peek(data_offset) {\n                    Color32::RED\n                } else {\n                    Color32::WHITE\n                };\n                let rect = Rect::from_min_size(origin, Vec2::new(CELL_WIDTH, CELL_HEIGHT));\n                painter.rect_filled(rect, 0.0, colour);\n                // println!(\"Cell {current_col}x{current_row} at {}x{} -\u003e {}\",\n                //          origin.x, origin.y,\n                //          system.video_memory.peek(data_offset));\n            }\n        }\n    //    thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));\n    }\n\n    pub fn memory_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(\"Memory View\");\n\n        for i in (0..=0x200).step_by(16) {\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                for y in 0..16 {\n                    ui.label(format!(\"{:02x}\", system.memory.peek((i + y) as u16)).as_str());\n                }\n            });\n        }\n        ui.label(\"Should have **something** to adjust the 'memory window'\");\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":18,"address":[726928,727359],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[726958],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[727187],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[749931,749821,749996],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[750046,749978,749866],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[751863,749986,750080,752268],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[750116],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[750667,750173,752223,750638,750503,750277],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[752258,751894],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[752152],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[750909],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[751183,751133,750943,751839],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[751534,751223,751826,751333],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[751645],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[727392],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[727522],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[752329,752440],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[752515],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[752678,752555],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[752762],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[752901,752778],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[752985],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[753025,753148],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[753229],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[727737],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[727872],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":88,"address":[729032,730448,730912,731521,729984,729752,730680,731144,730216,729520],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[727920],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[728057],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[728197],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[728337],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[728477],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[728617],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":95,"address":[728757],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[728897],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[733852,734316,734084,733156,734780,735160,732668,733388,734548,733620],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[731553],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":101,"address":[731833],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[731973],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[732113],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[732253],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[732393],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[732533],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[735201,735764,735996,735337,735468,736179],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[736224,737596],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":112,"address":[736279],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":113,"address":[736761,736657,736575],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":114,"address":[736782,736880],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":115,"address":[736995,737164],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[737084],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":117,"address":[737118],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":118,"address":[737204],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[737240,737281],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":120,"address":[737283],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":122,"address":[737268],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":125,"address":[737510],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":134,"address":[737632],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[737665],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":137,"address":[737912,737699],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":138,"address":[738025],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":139,"address":[753326,753384],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":140,"address":[753395,753955,753525,753773],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":144,"address":[737854],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":63},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","mod.rs"],"content":"pub mod timestep;\npub mod gemma_egui_support;\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","timestep.rs"],"content":"\n//! Gameplay speed control. It attempts to mimic/limit progression to\n//! the 30 tics per second Doom used.\n\nuse std::{fmt, time::Instant};\n\nconst MS_PER_UPDATE: f32 = 28.57;\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\npub struct TimeStep {\n    last_time: Instant,\n    delta_time: f32,\n    frame_count: u32,\n    frame_time: f32,\n    run_tics: u32,\n    last_tics: u32,\n    lag: f32,\n}\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\npub struct FrameData {\n    pub tics: u32,\n    pub frames: u32,\n}\n\nimpl fmt::Display for FrameData {\n    fn fmt(\u0026self, f: \u0026mut fmt::Formatter\u003c'_\u003e) -\u003e fmt::Result {\n        f.write_fmt(format_args!(\n            \"FrameData (per-second):\\n  - tics: {}\\n  -  fps: {}\",\n            self.tics, self.frames\n        ))\n    }\n}\n\nimpl TimeStep {\n    pub fn new() -\u003e TimeStep {\n        TimeStep {\n            last_time: Instant::now(),\n            delta_time: 0.0,\n            frame_count: 0,\n            frame_time: 0.0,\n            run_tics: 0,\n            last_tics: 0,\n            lag: 0.0,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn delta(\u0026mut self) -\u003e f32 {\n        let current_time = Instant::now();\n        let delta = current_time.duration_since(self.last_time).as_micros() as f32 * 0.001;\n        self.last_time = current_time;\n        self.delta_time = delta;\n        delta\n    }\n\n    /// Increments self time and returns current lag. `run_this` is run only for\n    /// `n` tics available.\n    pub fn run_this(\u0026mut self, mut run_this: impl FnMut(f32)) {\n        let dt = self.delta();\n        self.lag += dt;\n        while self.lag \u003e= MS_PER_UPDATE {\n            run_this(dt);\n            self.lag -= MS_PER_UPDATE;\n            self.run_tics += 1;\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn frame_rate(\u0026mut self) -\u003e Option\u003cFrameData\u003e {\n        self.frame_count += 1;\n        self.frame_time += self.delta_time;\n        let tmp;\n        let tmp2;\n        // per second\n        if self.frame_time \u003e= 1000.0 {\n            tmp = self.frame_count;\n            tmp2 = self.last_tics;\n            self.frame_count = 0;\n            self.frame_time = 0.0;\n            self.last_tics = self.run_tics;\n            return Some(FrameData {\n                tics: self.run_tics - tmp2,\n                frames: tmp,\n            });\n        }\n\n        None\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for TimeStep {\n    // shutup clippy!\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self::new()\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":27,"address":[769840],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[769944,770028],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[770128],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[770142],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[770224],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[770237],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[770259],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[770335],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[770350],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[770368],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[770454,770392],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[770419],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[770434],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[770488],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[770498],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[770505],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[770512],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[770520],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[770565],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[770579,770526],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[770475],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[770608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[770616],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":30},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmatelnet","src","bin","gemmatelnetd.rs"],"content":"fn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n}","traces":[{"line":1,"address":[116192,116144],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":2,"address":[116148],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":1,"coverable":2},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","bin2hex.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::File;\nuse std::io;\nuse std::io::{BufReader, Read};\nuse clap::{Arg, Command, ArgAction, ValueEnum};\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\nstruct CliArgs {\n    input: String,\n}\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft!\");\n    // Set up the command line arguments\n    let matches = Command::new(\"my_program\")\n        .about(\"Processes an input file and outputs it with a specified bit width\")\n        .arg(\n            Arg::new(\"input\")\n                .help(\"The input file to process\")\n                .required(true)\n                .index(1),\n        )\n\n        .get_matches();\n\n    // Parse the command-line arguments\n    let args = CliArgs {\n        input: matches.get_one::\u003cString\u003e(\"input\").unwrap().to_string(),\n    };\n\n    // Use the parsed arguments\n    println!(\"Input file: {}\", args.input);\n\n    // behave like a shift register and load each character from the file 1 by 1.\n    let results = read_file_to_bools(\u0026args.input);\n    for result in results.unwrap().bytes() {\n        print!(\"0x{:02x}, \", result.unwrap());\n    }\n}\nfn read_file_to_bools(file_path: \u0026str) -\u003e io::Result\u003cVec\u003cu8\u003e\u003e {\n    // Open the file\n    let file = File::open(file_path)?;\n    let mut reader = BufReader::new(file);\n\n    let mut bytes = Vec::new();\n    reader.read_to_end(\u0026mut bytes)?;\n\n    let mut output = Vec::new();\n    let mut current_byte = 0u8;\n    let mut bit_index = 0;\n\n    for \u0026byte in \u0026bytes {\n        // Convert ASCII character '1' or '0' to boolean, skip any other characters\n        let bit = match byte {\n            b'1' =\u003e true,\n            b'0' =\u003e false,\n            _ =\u003e continue,  // Skip non-'1' or '0' characters\n        };\n\n        // Set the appropriate bit in the current byte\n        if bit {\n            current_byte |= 1 \u003c\u003c (7 - bit_index);  // Set the bit at the correct position\n        }\n\n        bit_index += 1;\n\n        // Once we have filled 8 bits, push the byte and reset\n        if bit_index == 8 {\n            output.push(current_byte);\n            current_byte = 0;\n            bit_index = 0;\n        }\n    }\n\n    // If there are remaining bits, push the last byte (it will be partially filled)\n    if bit_index \u003e 0 {\n        output.push(current_byte);\n    }\n\n\n\n    Ok(output)\n}\n\n","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[250928,253074],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":12,"address":[250950],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":14,"address":[251331,251256,251007],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[251161,251089],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[251344,251513],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[251740],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[251817],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[252189,252329,252086],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[252584,252701,252965],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[254208,254264,253120],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[253251,253153],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[253219],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[253330],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[253390,253552,253458],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[253540],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[253585],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[253593],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[253612,253777,253683],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[253798],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[253966],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[253976],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[253984,254093],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[254014,254095],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[253994,254139,254117],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[254124,254203],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[254157],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[254184],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[254192],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[253765],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[253901],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[253827],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":31},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","ch8asm.rs"],"content":"use std::fs;\n// Ch8Asm\n// Converts well formed CH8ASM.\n// no variables.\n// no labels.\n// nothing fun.\nuse pest::Parser;\nuse pest_derive::Parser;\n\n#[derive(Parser)]\n#[grammar = \"chip8_asm.pest\"]\npub struct Chip8AsmParser;\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n\n\n\n    let unparsed = fs::read_to_string(\"resources/test/gemma_disassembler_1_chip_logo_ch8_asm.asc\").expect(\"Unable to read input\");\n\n    let file = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::file, \u0026unparsed).expect(\"Unable to parse.  Try again.\")\n        .next().unwrap();\n\n    for record in file.into_inner() {\n        match record.as_rule() {\n            Rule::instruction =\u003e {\n                println!(\"INSTRUCTION = {:?}\", record.into_inner().flatten())\n            }\n            _ =\u003e {\n                println!(\"UNHANDLED PART.\");\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nmod test {\n    use super::*;\n\n    #[test]\n    fn bits_all_parse() {\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::instruction, \"CLS\")\n        );\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::parameter, \"0x01\")\n        );\n        let parsed = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::comment, \"; comment\").unwrap();\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"PARSED COMMENT -\u003e {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        let parsed =\n            Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"CLS ; comment\").unwrap();\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"RULE PAIR THING: {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        let parsed = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADDI 0x01 ; comment\");\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"RULE PAIR THING: {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD ADD ADD\")\n        );\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD 0x01 0x02 ; Comment\")\n        );\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD 0x01 0x02 ; Comment\")\n        );\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[201921,200576,201827],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":15,"address":[200583],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[200639],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[200710,200786],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[201865,201236,201045,201280],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[201427,201344],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[201572,201448,201699],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[201836,201527],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":8},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","ch8disasm.rs"],"content":"use std::path::Path;\nuse clap::{command, Parser};\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION;\n\n/// ch8disasm\n///\n/// Provide disassembled version of the CH8 file provided.\n#[derive(Parser)]\n#[command(version, about, long_about = None)]\nstruct DisassemblerApp {\n    #[arg(short)]\n    input_file: Box\u003cPath\u003e,\n    #[arg(short)]\n    output_file: Option\u003cBox\u003cPath\u003e\u003e,\n}\n\nstruct Disassembler {}\nimpl Disassembler {\n    pub fn disassemble(from_data: Vec\u003cu8\u003e) -\u003e String {\n        let mut working_instruction: u16 = 0x0000;\n\n        // read the input data and loop through it byte by byte.\n        let mut output_string = String::new();\n\n        for (offset, byte) in from_data.iter().enumerate() {\n            working_instruction = (working_instruction \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16);\n            if offset % 2 != 0 {\n                let decoded = Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(working_instruction);\n                let decoded_string = decoded.to_string();\n                let mut current_parts = String::new();\n\n                match decoded {\n                    XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e {\n                        current_parts = format!(\"DW 0x{:04x}\", working_instruction);\n                    }\n                    _ =\u003e {\n                        current_parts = format!(\"{}\", decoded);\n                    }\n                };\n\n                let target_length: i32 = 25;\n                let spacing_length = target_length.saturating_sub(current_parts.len() as i32);\n\n                // now add the rest after the string\n                let x = spacing_length as usize;\n                current_parts = format!(\"{}{:\u003cx$}; Bytes [0x{:04x}] offset [0x{:04x}]\\n\", current_parts, \" \", working_instruction, offset -1);\n                //   println!(\"SHOULD OUTPUT: [{current_parts}]\");\n                output_string = output_string.to_string() + \u0026*current_parts.to_string();\n\n                working_instruction = 0x0000;\n            }\n        }\n\n        output_string\n    }\n}\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n    let result = DisassemblerApp::parse();\n    println!(\"PREPARING TO DISASSEMBLE {:?}\", result.input_file.file_name());\n\n\n    let source_file = result.input_file.to_str().unwrap();\n    let decompiled_program = Disassembler::disassemble(\n        std::fs::read(source_file).unwrap()\n    );\n\n\n    match result.output_file {\n        None =\u003e {\n            println!(\"Output to console.\");\n            println!(\"OS: \\n\\n{}\", decompiled_program);\n        }\n        Some(target) =\u003e {\n            println!(\"Output to {:?}\", target);\n            std::fs::write(target, decompiled_program).unwrap();\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nmod test {\n    #[test]\n    fn smoke() { assert!(true); }\n\n    #[test]\n    fn assemble_test_file() {\n\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":20,"address":[371705,367296],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[367338],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[367364],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[367495,367423,367777],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[367819],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[367865],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[367879],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[367943],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[367958],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[368009],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[368297,368561,368715],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[369143],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[369001,368880],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[367327],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[369153,369221,368865],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":46,"address":[369228],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[370189,369570,369713,370885,371132,369809,370421,370653],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[371274,371664],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[371613],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[367720],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[373521,371728,373591],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[371735],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[371799],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[371820,371927,372053],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[372122,372274],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[372298],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":71,"address":[372563],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[372825,372592],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[372954],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[372621],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[373105],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[373174],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":32},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","chip8_toy","gemmautil","tests","assmber_tests.rs"],"content":"#[test]\nfn smoke() { assert!(true) }\n\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0}]};
+        var data = {"files":[{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","computer.rs"],"content":"use log::{debug};\nuse crate::chip8::delay_timer::DelayTimer;\nuse crate::chip8::keypad::Keypad;\nuse crate::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode;\nuse crate::chip8::registers::Chip8Registers;\nuse crate::chip8::sound_timer::SoundTimer;\nuse crate::chip8::stack::Chip8Stack;\n\nuse super::{\n    cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates, instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions, system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory, video::Chip8Video,\n};\n\n#[derive(Clone)]\npub struct Chip8Computer {\n    pub num_cycles: i32,\n    pub memory: Chip8SystemMemory,\n    pub registers: Chip8Registers,\n    pub sound_timer: SoundTimer,\n    pub delay_timer: DelayTimer,\n    pub video_memory: Chip8Video,\n    pub state: Chip8CpuStates,\n    pub keypad: Keypad,\n    pub stack: Chip8Stack,\n    pub quirk_mode: QuirkMode\n}\nimpl Default for Chip8Computer {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            num_cycles: 0,\n            memory: Chip8SystemMemory::default(),\n            video_memory: Chip8Video::default(),\n            registers: Chip8Registers::default(),\n            sound_timer: SoundTimer::new(),\n            delay_timer: DelayTimer::new(),\n            state: Chip8CpuStates::default(),\n            keypad: Keypad::default(),\n            stack: Chip8Stack::default(),\n            quirk_mode: QuirkMode::default()\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Computer {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.video_memory.reset();\n        self.num_cycles = 0;\n        self.registers.reset();\n        self.delay_timer.reset();\n        self.sound_timer.reset();\n        self.stack.reset();\n        self.memory.reset();\n        self.quirk_mode = QuirkMode::Chip8;\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_keypad_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.keypad.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_registers_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.registers.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_video_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.clone().video_memory.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn new_with_program(new_program: Vec\u003cu16\u003e) -\u003e Self {\n        let mut working = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n        for (i, \u0026word) in new_program.iter().enumerate() {\n            let high = (word \u003e\u003e 8) as u8;\n            let low = (word \u0026 0xff) as u8;\n            let base_offset = (i * 2) as u16;\n            working.memory.poke(base_offset, high);\n            working.memory.poke(base_offset + 1, low);\n        }\n        working\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Computer::default()\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_bytes_to_memory(\u0026mut self, offset: u16, to_load: \u0026Vec\u003cu8\u003e) {\n        let total_len = to_load.len() as u16;\n        for current_index in 0..total_len {\n            let new_value = to_load[current_index as usize];\n            let new_location = current_index + offset;\n            self.memory.poke(new_location, new_value);\n        }\n        self.registers.set_pc(offset);\n    }\n\n    pub fn step_system(\u0026mut self) -\u003e \u0026mut Chip8Computer {\n        debug!(\"Stepping System 1 Step\");\n        // read the next instruction\n        let local_memory = \u0026self.memory;\n\n    //    let mut working_instruction: u16 = 0b0000000000000000;\n        let start_pc = self.registers.peek_pc();\n        let high_byte = (local_memory.peek(start_pc) as u16).rotate_left(8);\n        let low_byte = local_memory.peek(start_pc + 1) as u16;\n        let result = high_byte | low_byte;\n        let decoded_instruction =\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(result);\n        // todo: THIS IS BAD AND IS A SIDE EFFECT\n        decoded_instruction.execute(self);\n\n        match self.state {\n            Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction =\u003e {\n                self.sound_timer.tick();\n                self.delay_timer.tick();\n                self.video_memory.tick();\n                self.num_cycles += 1;\n            }\n            Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey =\u003e {\n                debug!(\"waiting for a key press...\");\n            }\n            _ =\u003e {}\n        }\n        self\n    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std::sync::mpsc::{channel, Sender};\nuse std::thread;\nuse std::thread::{sleep, JoinHandle, Thread};\nuse std::time::{Duration, Instant};\nuse crate::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates;\nuse crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction;\npub enum ManagerDumpables {\n    Video,\n    Registers,\n    Keyboard\n}\n\npub struct Chip8ComputerManager {\n    core_should_run: bool,\n    one_step: bool,\n    core_cycle_timer: bool,\n    core_last_cycle_start: Instant,\n    computer: Chip8Computer\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8ComputerManager {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8ComputerManager {\n            core_should_run: false,\n            one_step: false,\n            core_cycle_timer: false,\n            core_last_cycle_start: Instant::now()   ,\n            computer: Chip8Computer::new()\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8ComputerManager {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.one_step = false;\n        self.core_should_run = false;\n        self.computer.reset();\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Chip8ComputerManager {\n        let core_handle = thread::spawn(move || {\n           loop {\n               let start_time = Instant::now();\n               let sleep_time = Instant::now().duration_since(start_time).as_millis();\n               sleep(Duration::from_millis((16 - sleep_time) as u64));\n           }\n        });\n\n        Chip8ComputerManager::default()\n    }\n\n    pub fn start(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.core_should_run = true;\n    }\n\n    pub fn stop(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.core_should_run = false\n    }\n\n    pub fn step(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.one_step = true;\n    }\n\n    pub fn state(\u0026mut self) -\u003e \u0026Chip8Computer {\n        \u0026self.computer\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick( \u0026mut self) -\u003e bool {\n     //   println!(\"STARTING TICK\");\n        let mut did_tick: bool = false;\n        if self.one_step | self.core_should_run  {\n            match self.computer.state {\n                WaitingForInstruction =\u003e {\n                    self.core_last_cycle_start = Instant::now();\n                    self.computer.step_system();\n                    did_tick = true\n                 //   println!(\"SYSTEM STEP\");\n                }\n                _ =\u003e {}\n            }\n        };\n        if self.one_step {\n            println!(\"SYSTEM HALTED AFTER 1 STEP\");\n            // stop the CPU for the next cycle, we are only\n            // wanting one step.\n            self.one_step = false;\n            did_tick = true;\n        }\n        did_tick\n    }\n\n    pub fn press_key(\u0026mut self, key_index: u8) {\n        self.computer.keypad.push_key(key_index);\n        if matches!(self.computer.state, Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey) {\n            self.computer.state = WaitingForInstruction\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn release_key(\u0026mut self, key_index: u8) {\n        self.computer.keypad.release_key(key_index);\n    }\n\n    pub fn sound(managed: \u0026Chip8ComputerManager) -\u003e bool {\n        managed.computer.sound_timer.current() \u003e 0\n    }\n\n    pub fn wait_for_instruction(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.computer.state = WaitingForInstruction;\n    }\n\n    pub fn is_key_pressed(\u0026self, key_index: u8) -\u003e bool {\n        self.computer.keypad.pressed(key_index)\n    }\n\n    pub fn num_cycles(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        self.computer.num_cycles\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_bytes_to_system_memory(\u0026mut self, bytes_to_load: Vec\u003cu8\u003e) {\n        self.computer.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026bytes_to_load);\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_to_string(\u0026self, dump_type: ManagerDumpables) -\u003e String {\n        match dump_type {\n            ManagerDumpables::Video =\u003e {\n                self.computer.video_memory.format_as_string()\n            }\n            ManagerDumpables::Registers =\u003e {\n                self.computer.registers.format_as_string()\n            }\n            ManagerDumpables::Keyboard =\u003e {\n                self.computer.keypad.format_as_string()\n            }\n        }\n    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Copy, Default)]\npub enum Chip8CpuStates {\n    #[default]\n    WaitingForInstruction,\n    WaitingForKey,\n    ExecutingInstruction,\n    Error,\n}\n\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","delay_timer.rs"],"content":"#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub struct DelayTimer {\n    counter: u8\n}\n\nimpl DelayTimer {\n    pub fn current(\u0026self) -\u003e u8 {\n        self.counter\n    }\n\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        DelayTimer {\n            counter: 0xff\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.counter = 0xff;\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_timer(\u0026mut self, new_value: u8) {\n        self.counter = new_value as u8\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        if self.counter \u003e 0 {\n            self.counter -= 1;\n        }\n    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crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey;\nuse crate::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::*;\nuse crate::chip8::util::InstructionUtil;\nuse crate::constants::{*};\n\n/*\nnnn or addr - A 12-bit value, the lowest 12 bits of the instruction\nn or nibble - A 4-bit value, the lowest 4 bits of the instruction\nx - A 4-bit value, the lower 4 bits of the high byte of the instruction\ny - A 4-bit value, the upper 4 bits of the low byte of the instruction\nkk or byte - An 8-bit value, the lowest 8 bits of the instruction\n */\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\npub enum Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    /// 0nnn\n    /// Exit to System Call at nnn\n    SYS(u16),\n    /// 00E0\n    /// Clear the display.\n    CLS,\n    /// 00EE\n    /// Return from a subroutine.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter sets the program counter to the address at the top of the stack,\n    /// then subtracts 1 from the stack pointer.\n    RET,\n    /// 1nnn\n    /// Jump to location nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter sets the program counter to nnn.\n    JPA(u16),\n    /// 2nnn\n    /// Call subroutine at nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter increments the stack pointer, then puts the current PC on the top\n    /// of the stack. The PC is then set to nnn.\n    CALL(u16),\n    /// 0x3xkk\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are equal, increments the\n    /// program counter by 2.\n    SEX(u8, u8),\n    /// 4xkk\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx != kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are not equal, increments\n    /// the program counter by 2.\n    SNEB(u8, u8),\n    /// 5xy0\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx = Vy.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to register Vy, and if they are equal, increments\n    /// the program counter by 2.\n    SEY(u8, u8),\n    /// 6xkk\n    /// Set Vx = kk\n    LDR(u8, u8),\n    /// 7xkk\n    /// The interpreter puts the value kk into register Vx.\n    ADD(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy0\n    /// Adds the value kk to the value of register Vx, then stores the result in Vx.\n    LDR_Y(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy1\n    /// Stores the value of register Vy in register Vx.\n    OR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy2\n    /// Set Vx = Vx OR Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise OR on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the result in Vx.\n    /// A bitwise OR compares the corrseponding bits from two values, and if either\n    /// bit is 1, then the same bit in the result is also 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    AND(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy3\n    /// Set Vx = Vx AND Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise AND on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the result in Vx.\n    /// A bitwise AND compares the corrseponding bits from two values, and if both bits\n    /// are 1, then the same bit in the result is also 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    ORY(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy4\n    /// Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise exclusive OR on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the\n    /// result in Vx. An exclusive OR compares the corrseponding bits from two values,\n    /// and if the bits are not both the same, then the corresponding bit in the result\n    /// is set to 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    ADDR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy5\n    /// Set Vx = Vx + Vy, set VF = carry.\n    ///\n    /// The values of Vx and Vy are added together. If the result is greater than 8 bits\n    /// (i.e., \u003e 255,) VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Only the lowest 8 bits of the result\n    /// are kept, and stored in Vx.\n    SUB(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy6\n    /// Set Vx = Vx - Vy, set VF = NOT borrow.\n    ///\n    /// If Vx \u003e Vy, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vy is subtracted from Vx, and the\n    /// results stored in Vx.\n    SHR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy7\n    /// If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx\n    /// is divided by 2.\n    SUBC(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xye\n    /// Set Vx = Vy - Vx, set VF = NOT borrow.\n    //\n    /// If Vy \u003e Vx, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is subtracted from Vy, and the\n    /// results stored in Vx.\n    SHL(u8, u8),\n    /// 9xy0\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx != Vy.\n    ///\n    /// The values of Vx and Vy are compared, and if they are not equal, the program\n    /// counter is increased by 2.\n    SNEY(u8, u8),\n    /// Annn\n    /// Set I = nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The value of register I is set to nnn\n    LDIA(u16),\n    /// Bnnn\n    /// Jump to location nnn + V0.\n    ///\n    /// The program counter is set to nnn plus the value of V0.\n    JPI(u16),\n    /// Cxkk\n    /// Set Vx = random byte AND kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter generates a random number from 0 to 255, which is then\n    /// ANDed with the value kk. The results are stored in Vx. See instruction\n    /// 8xy2 for more information on AND.\n    RND(u8, u8),\n    /// Dxyn\n    /// Display n-byte sprite starting at memory location I at (Vx, Vy), set VF = collision.\n    ///\n    /// In Chip-8,\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter reads n bytes from memory, starting at the address stored in I.\n    /// These bytes are then displayed as sprites on screen at coordinates (Vx, Vy).\n    /// Sprites are XORed onto the existing screen. If this causes any pixels to be erased,\n    /// VF is set to 1, otherwise it is set to 0. If the sprite is positioned so part of\n    /// it is outside the coordinates of the display, it wraps around to the opposite side\n    /// of the screen. See instruction 8xy3 for more information on XOR, and section 2.4,\n    /// Display, for more information on the Chip-8 screen and sprites.\n    ///\n    /// In SCHIP\n    ///\n    /// Show N-byte sprite from M(I) at Coords (VX,VY) VF = Collision.\n    /// If N=0 AND ExtendedMode, 16x16 sprite\n    DRW(u8, u8, u8),\n    /// Ex9E\n    /// Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n    ///\n    /// Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently\n    /// in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n    SKP(u8),\n    /// ExA1\n    /// Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n    ///\n    /// Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in\n    /// the up position, PC is increased by 2.\n    SKNP(u8),\n    /// Fx07\n    /// The value of DT is placed into Vx.\n    LDRD(u8),\n    /// Fx0A\n    /// Wait for a key press, store the value of the key in Vx.\n    ///\n    /// All execution stops until a key is pressed, then the value of that key is stored in Vx.\n    LDRK(u8),\n    /// Fx15\n    /// Set delay timer = Vx.\n    ///\n    /// DT is set equal to the value of Vx.\n    LDD(u8),                   // 0xFx15 Set Delay Timer\n    /// Fx18\n    /// Set sound timer = Vx.\n    ///\n    /// ST is set equal to the value of Vx.\n    LDIS(u8),\n    /// Fx1E - ADD I, Vx\n    /// Set I = I + Vx.\n    ///\n    /// The values of I and Vx are added, and the results are stored in I.\n    ADDI(u8),\n    /// Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n    /// Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n    ///\n    /// The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite\n    /// corresponding to the value of Vx. See section 2.4, Display, for\n    /// more information on the Chip-8 hexadecimal font.\n    LDFX(u8),\n    /// Fx33 - LD B, Vx\n    /// Store BCD representation of Vx in memory locations I, I+1, and I+2.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter takes the decimal value of Vx, and places the hundreds\n    /// digit in memory at location in I, the tens digit at location I+1, and the\n    /// ones digit at location I+2.\n    BCD(u8),\n    /// Fx55 - LD [I], Vx\n    /// Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter copies the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n    /// starting at the address in I.\n    LDIX(u8),\n    /// Fx65 - LD Vx, [I]\n    /// Read registers V0 through Vx from memory starting at location I.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter reads values from memory starting at location I into registers\n    /// V0 through Vx.\n    LDRI(u8),\n    XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n    /* START OF SCHIP-8 */\n    /// 00CN\n    ///\n    /// Scrolll Display N Lines Down\n    SDN(u8),\n    /// 00FB\n    ///\n    /// Scroll 4 lines Right\n    SRT,\n    /// 00FC\n    ///\n    /// Scroll 4 lines Left\n    SLF,\n    /// 00FE\n    ///\n    /// Disable Extended Mode\n    DIS,\n    /// 00FF\n    ///\n    /// Enable Extended Mode\n    ENA,\n    /// 00FD\n    ///\n    /// Exit App\n    EXIT,\n    /// FX30\n    ///\n    /// Point I to 10 yte font sprite for digit VX (0..9)\n    LDF2(u8),\n    /// FX75\n    ///\n    /// Store V0..VX in RPL user flags (X \u003c= 7\n    STR(u8),\n    /// FX85\n    ///\n    /// Load V0..VX from RPL user flags (X \u003c= 7)\n    LIDR(u8),\n}\n\nimpl Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    pub fn name(\u0026self) -\u003e \u0026str {\n        match self {\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(_) =\u003e INST_ADDI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(_, _) =\u003e INST_ADD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(_, _) =\u003e INST_ADDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(_, _) =\u003e INST_AND,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e INST_CLS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(_) =\u003e INST_CALL,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(_, _, _) =\u003e INST_DRW,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT =\u003e INST_EXIT,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(_) =\u003e INST_JPA,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(_) =\u003e INST_JPI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(_) =\u003e INST_BCD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(_) =\u003e INST_LDD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(_) =\u003e INST_LDF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(_) =\u003e INST_LDF2,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(_) =\u003e INST_LDIA,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(_) =\u003e INST_LDIX,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(_) =\u003e INST_LIDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(_) =\u003e INST_LDIS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(_, _) =\u003e INST_LDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(_) =\u003e INST_LDRD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(_) =\u003e INST_LDRI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(_) =\u003e INST_LDRK,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(_, _) =\u003e INST_LDRY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(_, _) =\u003e INST_OR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e INST_RET,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(_, _) =\u003e INST_RND,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(_) =\u003e INST_SDN,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF =\u003e INST_SLF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT =\u003e INST_SRT,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(_, _) =\u003e INST_SEX,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(_, _) =\u003e INST_SEY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(_, _) =\u003e INST_SHL,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(_, _) =\u003e INST_SHR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(_) =\u003e INST_SKP,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(_, _) =\u003e INST_SNEB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(_, _) =\u003e INST_SNEY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(_) =\u003e INST_SKNP,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(_) =\u003e INST_STR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(_, _) =\u003e INST_SUB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(_, _) =\u003e INST_SUBC,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(_) =\u003e INST_SYS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS =\u003e INST_DIS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA =\u003e INST_ENA,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(_, _) =\u003e INST_ORY,\n            XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e \"XX ERROR XX\",\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn operands(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        match self {\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(addr) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(addr) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(addr) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{addr:04x}\")\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(x, byte) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(x, byte) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(x, byte) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x, byte) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}, 0x{byte:02x}\")\n            }\n            // Reg, Reg\n            SEY(x, y) |\n            LDR_Y(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:01x}, 0x{y:01x}\")\n            }\n            // Reg, Reg, Nibble\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x, y, nibble) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}, 0x{y:02x}, 0x{nibble:02x}\")\n            }\n            // Registers.  0-F\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}\")\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e {\n                String::new()\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Display for Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    fn fmt(\u0026self, f: \u0026mut Formatter\u003c'_\u003e) -\u003e std::fmt::Result {\n        let ops = self.operands();\n        let space = if ops.is_empty() { \"\" } else { \" \" };\n        write!(f, \"{}{}{}\", self.name(), space, ops)\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    pub fn from_str(input: \u0026str) -\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions {\n        let mut parts = input.split(\" \");\n      //  print!(\"THERE ARE {} PARTS\", parts.clone().count());\n        let first_part = parts.next().unwrap_or(\"\");\n        // take the next value...\n        // ...strip off the extra...\n        // ...convert it to an integer from base 16\n        let param1 = u16::from_str_radix(parts.next().unwrap_or(\"0\").trim_start_matches(\"0x\").trim_end_matches(\",\"), 16).unwrap_or(0);\n        let param2 = u16::from_str_radix(parts.next().unwrap_or(\"0\").trim_start_matches(\"0x\").trim_end_matches(\",\"), 16).unwrap_or(0);\n        let param3 = u16::from_str_radix(parts.next().unwrap_or(\"0\").trim_start_matches(\"0x\").trim_end_matches(\",\"), 16).unwrap_or(0);\n      //  println!(\"\\tFirst part is {:?} / {:?} / {:?} / {:?}\", first_part, param1 ,param2 ,param3);\n        match first_part {\n            INST_CLS =\u003e {\n                CLS\n            }\n            INST_DRW =\u003e {\n                DRW(param1 as u8, param2 as u8, param3 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_ADD =\u003e {\n                ADD(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_CALL =\u003e {\n                CALL(param1)\n            }\n            INST_SYS =\u003e {\n                SYS(param1)\n            }\n            INST_RET =\u003e {\n                RET\n            }\n            INST_JPA =\u003e {\n                JPA(param1)\n            }\n            INST_JPI =\u003e {\n                JPI(param1)\n            }\n            INST_SEX =\u003e {\n                SEX(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SNEB =\u003e {\n                SNEB(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SDN =\u003e {\n                SDN(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SRT =\u003e {\n                SRT\n            }\n            INST_SLF =\u003e {\n                SLF\n            }\n            INST_EXIT =\u003e {\n                EXIT\n            }\n            INST_DIS =\u003e {\n                DIS\n            }\n            INST_ENA =\u003e {\n                ENA\n            }\n            INST_SEY =\u003e {\n                SEY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDRY =\u003e {\n                LDR_Y(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDR =\u003e {\n                LDR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_OR =\u003e {\n                OR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_AND =\u003e {\n                AND(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_ORY =\u003e {\n                ORY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_ADDR =\u003e {\n                ADDR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SUB =\u003e {\n                SUB(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SHR =\u003e {\n                SHR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SHL =\u003e {\n                SHL(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SUBC =\u003e {\n                SUBC(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SNEY =\u003e {\n                SNEY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDIA =\u003e {\n                LDIA(param1)\n            }\n            INST_RND =\u003e {\n                RND(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SKP =\u003e {\n                SKP(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SKNP =\u003e {\n                SKNP(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDRD =\u003e {\n                LDRD(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDRK =\u003e {\n                LDRK(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDRI =\u003e {\n                LDRI(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_BCD =\u003e {\n                BCD(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDF =\u003e {\n                LDFX(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDF2 =\u003e {\n                LDF2(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDIX =\u003e {\n                LDIX(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LIDR =\u003e {\n                LIDR(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDIS =\u003e {\n                LDIS(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_STR =\u003e {\n                STR(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDD =\u003e {\n                LDD(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            _ =\u003e {\n                XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn encode(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        match self {\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(target) =\u003e 0x0000 | (target \u0026 0x0FFF) as u16,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e 0x00E0,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e 0x00EE,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(new_addr) =\u003e 0x1000 | (new_addr \u0026 0x0FFF) as u16,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(address) =\u003e 0x2000 | (address \u0026 0x0FFF) as u16,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(vx_register, byte) =\u003e 0x3000 | ((*vx_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(vx_register, byte) =\u003e 0x4000 | ((*vx_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x5000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(x_register, byte) =\u003e 0x6000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(x_register, byte) =\u003e 0x7000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8001 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8002 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8003 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8004 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8005 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8006 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8007 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x800E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x9000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr) =\u003e 0xA000 | addr,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr) =\u003e 0xB000 | addr,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x_register, byte) =\u003e 0xC000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, height) =\u003e {\n                0xD000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4) | (*height as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x_register) =\u003e 0xE09E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x_register) =\u003e 0xE0A1 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF007 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x_register) =\u003e 0xF00A | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF015 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(x_register) =\u003e 0xF018 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x_register) =\u003e 0xF01E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x_register) =\u003e 0xF029 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF033 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x_register) =\u003e 0xF055 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(x_register) =\u003e 0xF065 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(x_register) =\u003e 0x00C0 | (*x_register as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT =\u003e 0x00FB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF =\u003e 0x00FC,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS =\u003e 0x00FE,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA =\u003e 0x00FF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT =\u003e 0x00FD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(x_register) =\u003e 0xF030 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(x_register) =\u003e 0xF075 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(x_register) =\u003e 0xF085 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e 0xFFFF\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn decode(input: u16) -\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions {\n        let x_param = InstructionUtil::read_x_from_instruction(input);\n        let y_param = InstructionUtil::read_y_from_instruction(input);\n        let addr_param = InstructionUtil::read_addr_from_instruction(input);\n        let byte_param = InstructionUtil::read_byte_from_instruction(input);\n        let nibble_param = InstructionUtil::read_nibble_from_instruction(input);\n        let ubln = InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(input);\n        let last_byte = (input \u0026 0xFF) as u8;\n        let last_nibble = (input \u0026 0xF) as u8;\n\n        match input {\n            0x00C0..=0x00CF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(last_nibble),\n            0x00E0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS,\n            0x00EE =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::RET,\n            0x00FB =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT,\n            0x00FC =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF,\n            0x00FD =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT,\n            0x00FE =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS,\n            0x00FF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA,\n            0x0000..=0x0FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(addr_param),\n            0x1000..=0x1FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(addr_param),\n            0x2000..=0x2FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(addr_param),\n            0x3000..=0x3FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x4000..=0x4FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x5000..=0x5FF0 if input \u0026 0x01 == 0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(x_param, y_param),\n            0x6000..=0x6FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x7000..=0x7FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x8000..=0x8FFE =\u003e match last_nibble {\n                0x0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(x_param, y_param),\n                0x1 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x2 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x_param, y_param),\n                0x3 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x_param, y_param),\n                0x4 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x5 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x_param, y_param),\n                0x6 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x7 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x_param, y_param),\n                0xE =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x_param, y_param),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n            }\n            0x9000..=0x9FF0 if input \u0026 0x01 == 0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x_param, y_param),\n            0xA000..=0xAFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr_param),\n            0xB000..=0xBFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr_param),\n            0xC000..=0xCFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x_param, byte_param),\n            0xD000..=0xDFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_param, y_param, nibble_param),\n            0xE09E..=0xEFA1 =\u003e match last_byte {\n                0x9E =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(ubln),\n                0xA1 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(ubln),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n            }\n            0xF007..=0xFF65 =\u003e match last_byte {\n                0x07 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(ubln),\n                0x0A =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(ubln),\n                0x15 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(ubln),\n                0x18 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(ubln),\n                0x1E =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(ubln),\n                0x29 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(ubln),\n                0x30 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(ubln),\n                0x33 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(ubln),\n                0x55 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(ubln),\n                0x65 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(ubln),\n                0x75 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(ubln),\n                0x85 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(ubln),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n            }\n            _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn execute(\u0026self, input: \u0026mut Chip8Computer) -\u003e Chip8Computer {\n        //        print!(\"INSTRUCTION {}\", self);\n        let start_time = Instant::now();\n        let start_pc = input.registers.peek_pc();\n        input.registers.poke_pc(start_pc + 2);\n        let _ = match self {\n            // 0x0nnn Exit to System Call\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(new_address) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address as u16);\n            }\n            // * 0x00E0 Clear Screen\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e {\n                input.video_memory.cls();\n            }\n            // 0x00EE Return from Subroutine\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(input.stack.pop());\n            }\n            // 0x1nnn Jump to Address\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(new_address) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address as u16);\n            }\n            // 0x2nnn Call Subroutine\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(new_address) =\u003e {\n                let return_address = input.registers.peek_pc();\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address as u16);\n                input.stack.push(\u0026return_address);\n            }\n            // 0x3xkk Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                if input.registers.peek(*vx_register as u8) == *byte as u8 {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x4xkk Skip next instruction if Vx != kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                // 4xkk - SNE Vx, byte\n                // Skip next instruction if Vx != kk.\n                //\n                // The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are not equal,\n                // increments the program counter by 2.\n                if input.registers.peek(*x) != *byte {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x5xy0 Skip next instruction if Vx == Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                if input.registers.peek(*x as u8) == input.registers.peek(*y as u8) {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x6xkk Set Vx = kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(register, byte) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(*register, *byte);\n            }\n            // 0x7xkk Set Vx = Vx + kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(*vx_register, (input.registers.peek(*vx_register) as u16 + *byte as u16) as u8);\n            }\n            // 0x8xy0 Set value of Vy in Vx\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(x, y) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, input.registers.peek(*y as u8));\n            }\n            // 0x8xy1 Set Vx = Vx OR Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // shift them to 16 bit\n                let working_16_x = input.registers.peek(*x as u8) as u16;\n                let working_16_y = input.registers.peek(*y as u8) as u16;\n                // OR them\n                let working_16_or = working_16_x | working_16_y;\n                // shift them back to 8 bit.\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, working_16_or as u8);\n                debug!(\"OrVxVy [0x{x:1x}] [0x{y:1x}]\")\n            }\n            // 0x8xy2 Set Vx = Vx AND Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*x as u8) as u16;\n                let rhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*y as u8) as u16;\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, (lhs_16 \u0026 rhs_16) as u8);\n            }\n            // 0x8xy3 Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*x as u8) as u16;\n                let rhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*y as u8) as u16;\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, (lhs_16 ^ rhs_16) as u8);\n            }\n            // 0x8xy4 Set Vx = Vx + Vy (SET VF on Carry)\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs = input.registers.peek(*x as u8) as i16;\n                let rhs = input.registers.peek(*y as u8) as i16;\n                let working = lhs + rhs;\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, working as u8);\n\n                if working \u003e= 0x100 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0xf, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy5 - SUB Vx, Vy\n                // Set Vx = Vx - Vy, set VF = NOT borrow.\n                //\n                // If Vx \u003e Vy, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vy is subtracted from Vx, and the results stored in Vx.\n\n                let lhs = input.registers.peek(*x);\n                let rhs = input.registers.peek(*y);\n\n                let mut result = 0;\n\n                let borrow_flag: u8 = if rhs \u003e lhs {\n                    result = (lhs as u16 + 0x100) - rhs as u16;\n                    0\n                } else {\n                    result = lhs as u16 - rhs as u16;\n                    1\n                };\n\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, result as u8);\n                input.registers.poke(0x0f, borrow_flag);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x, _) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy6 - SHR Vx {, Vy}\n                // Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n                // SHIFT 1 Bit ----\u003e\n                // If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n                let initial_value = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                // overflow check\n                let rotated = initial_value \u003e\u003e 1;\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, rotated);\n                if initial_value.bitand(0b1) == 1 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy7 - SUBN Vx, Vy\n                // Set Vx = Vy - Vx, set VF = NOT borrow.\n                //\n                // If Vy \u003e Vx, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is subtracted from Vy, and the results stored in Vx.\n                let y_register = input.registers.peek(*y as u8);\n                let x_register = input.registers.peek(*x as u8);\n                let mut value_to_poke = 0;\n\n                let new_value = if y_register \u003c x_register {\n                    value_to_poke = (y_register as u16 + 256) - x_register as u16;\n                    0\n                } else {\n                    value_to_poke = (y_register - x_register) as u16;\n                    1\n                };\n\n                debug!(\"SUB CARRY -\u003e REGISTER 1 = [0x{x:02x}] / [{x_register}] REGISTER 2 = [0x{y:02x}] / [{y_register}] SUB = {value_to_poke} CARRY = {new_value}\");\n\n                input.registers.poke(*x, value_to_poke as u8);\n                input.registers.poke(0xf, new_value);\n            }\n\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x, _) =\u003e {\n                // 8xyE - SHL Vx {, Vy}\n                // Set Vx = Vx SHL 1.\n                //\n                // If the most-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise to 0. Then Vx is multiplied by 2.\n                let initial_value = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                // overflow check\n                let rotated = initial_value \u003c\u003c 1;\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, rotated);\n                if initial_value.bitand(0b10000000) == 0b10000000 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(vx_register, vy_register) =\u003e {\n                // 9xy0 - SNE Vx, Vy\n                // Skip next instruction if Vx != Vy.\n                //\n                // The values of Vx and Vy are compared, and if they are not equal, the program counter is increased by 2.\n\n                let x_reg_value = input.registers.peek(*vx_register as u8);\n                let y_reg_value = input.registers.peek(*vy_register as u8);\n                if x_reg_value != y_reg_value {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(new_index) =\u003e {\n                // Annn - LD I, addr\n                // Set I = nnn.\n                //\n                // The value of register I is set to nnn.\n                //  debug!(\"LdiAddr [0x{new_index:3x}]\");\n                input.registers.poke_i(*new_index);\n            }\n            // 0xBnnn Jump to nnn+V0\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr) =\u003e {\n                // Bnnn - JP V0, addr\n                // Jump to location nnn + V0.\n                //\n                // The program counter is set to nnn plus the value of V0.\n                input.registers.poke_pc(input.registers.peek(0) as u16 + addr);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                // Cxkk - RND Vx, byte\n                // Set Vx = random byte AND kk.\n                //\n                // The interpreter generates a random number from 0 to 255,\n                // which is then ANDed with the value kk.\n                // The results are stored in Vx.\n                let mut rng = rand::thread_rng();\n                let new_value: u8 = rng.random();\n                let and_value: u8 = *byte;\n                let result = new_value \u0026 and_value;\n                debug!(\"RANDOM: [{new_value:02x}] AND: [{and_value:02x} Result: [{result:02x}]\");\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, new_value \u0026 *byte as u8)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(y, x, n) =\u003e {\n                // Display n-byte sprite starting at memory location I at (Vx, Vy), set VF = collision.\n\n                // The interpreter reads n bytes from memory, starting at the address stored in I.\n\n                // These bytes are then displayed as sprites on screen at coordinates (Vx, Vy).\n                // Sprites are XORed onto the existing screen.\n                // If this causes any pixels to be erased, VF is set to 1,\n                //     otherwise it is set to 0.\n                // If the sprite is positioned so part of it is outside the coordinates of the display,\n                //     it wraps around to the opposite side of the screen.\n\n                let source_memory_offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                let x_offset = input.registers.peek(*x) as u16;\n                let y_offset = input.registers.peek(*y) as u16;\n                if input.video_memory.is_highres() {\n                    // if n == 0 we have a 16 row sprite (font maybe)\n                    let actual_num_loops = if *n == 0u8 {\n                        16\n                    } else {\n                        *n\n                    };\n                    for byte_index in 0..actual_num_loops {\n                        let current_byte = input.memory.peek(byte_index as u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let next_byte = input.memory.peek(byte_index as u16 + 1u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let x_offset = (x_offset + byte_index as u16) * 64;\n                        for bit_index in 0..8 {\n                            input.video_memory.poke(x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16), (current_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0);\n                            input.video_memory.poke(x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16) + 8, (current_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0);\n                        }\n                    }\n                } else {\n                    for byte_index in 0..*n {\n                        let current_byte = input.memory.peek(byte_index as u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let x_offset: u16 = (x_offset + byte_index as u16) * 64;\n                        for bit_index in 0..8 {\n                            input.video_memory.poke(x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16), (current_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0);\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n\n                let target = if input.video_memory.has_frame_changed {\n                    1u8\n                } else {\n                    0u8\n                };\n\n                input.registers.poke(0xf, target);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x) =\u003e {\n                // Ex9E - SKP Vx\n                // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n                //\n                // Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n                let key_to_check = input.registers.peek(*x as u8);\n                let is_pressed = input.keypad.pressed(key_to_check);\n                if is_pressed {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x) =\u003e {\n                // ExA1 - SKNP Vx\n                // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n                //\n\n                // Checks the keyboard,\n                // and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the up position,\n                // PC is increased by 2.\n                let target_key = input.registers.peek(*x as u8);\n                let is_pressed = input.keypad.pressed(target_key);\n                debug!(\"SnKpVx [{x:1x}]\");\n                if !is_pressed {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx07 - LD Vx, DT\n                // Set Vx = delay timer value.\n                //\n                // The value of DT is placed into Vx.\n                let value_to_set = input.delay_timer.current();\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, value_to_set as u8);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx0A - LD Vx, K\n                // Wait for a key press, store the value of the key in Vx.\n                //\n                // All execution stops until a key is pressed, then the value of that key is stored in Vx.\n                input.state = WaitingForKey;\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(source_register) =\u003e {\n                // Fx15 - LD DT, Vx\n                // Set delay timer = Vx.\n                //\n                // DT is set equal to the value of Vx.\n                let new_time = input.registers.peek(*source_register as u8);\n                input.delay_timer.set_timer(new_time);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(new_time) =\u003e {\n                let new_value = input.registers.peek(*new_time as u8);\n                input.sound_timer.set_timer(new_value as i32);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx1E - ADD I, Vx\n                // Set I = I + Vx.\n                //\n                // The values of I and Vx are added, and the results are stored in I.\n                let base = input.registers.peek_i();\n                let x_value = input.registers.peek(*x as u8);\n                input.registers.poke_i(base + x_value as u16);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n                // Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n                //\n                // The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite corresponding\n                // to the value of Vx. See section 2.4, Display, for more information on\n                // the Chip-8 hexadecimal font.\n\n                let x_value: u8 = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                let real_offset = x_value as u16 * 5;\n                input.registers.poke_i(real_offset as u16);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx33 - LD B, Vx\n                // Store BCD representation of Vx in memory locations I, I+1, and I+2.\n                //\n                // The interpreter takes the decimal value of Vx, and places the hundreds\n                // digit in memory at location in I, the tens digit at location I+1,\n                // and the ones digit at location I+2.\n\n                let to_convert = input.registers.peek(*x as u8);\n\n                // how many hundreds\n                let hundreds = to_convert / 100;\n                // how many tens, minus the hundreds\n                let tens = (to_convert / 10) - (hundreds * 10);\n                // whats the leftover when dividing by 10\n                let units = to_convert % 10;\n\n                // Convert to BCD\n                let result = ((hundreds as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | units as u16 | ((tens as u16) \u003c\u003c 4) | units as u16;\n                // write them to the memory pointed to by I, I+1, and I+2\n                let target_start_offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset, hundreds);\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset + 1, tens);\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset + 2, units);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x) =\u003e {\n                // Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n                //\n                // The interpreter copies the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n                // starting at the address in I.\n                let offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                for i in 0..=*x {\n                    input.memory.poke(offset + i as u16, input.registers.peek(i as u8));\n                }\n                input.registers.poke_i(offset + 1);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(x) =\u003e {\n                // Read registers V0 through Vx from memory starting at location I.\n                //\n                // The interpreter reads values from memory starting at location I into registers V0 through Vx.\n                let offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                debug!(\"STARTING TO READ AT {offset:03x}\");\n                let num_loops = x + 1;\n                debug!(\"WILL READ {num_loops:x} BYTES\");\n                for index in 0..num_loops {\n                    let src_value = input.memory.peek(index as u16 + offset);\n                    input.registers.poke(index as u8, src_value);\n                    debug!(\"POKING Register 0x{index:02x} with 0x{src_value:04x} using offset 0x{offset:04x}\");\n                }\n                input.registers.poke_i(offset + 1);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e {}\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(x) =\u003e {\n                input.video_memory.scroll_down(*x as i32);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT =\u003e {\n                input.video_memory.scroll_right();\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF =\u003e {\n                input.video_memory.scroll_left();\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS =\u003e {\n                input.video_memory.set_lowres();\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA =\u003e {\n                input.video_memory.set_highres();\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT =\u003e {\n                println!(\"EXIT INTERPRETER\");\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(x) =\u003e {\n                println!(\"POINTING TO FONT AT {x:02x}\");\n                // base = 0x100 + 0x0A*X\n                input.registers.poke_i(0x100 + (0xA * x) as u16);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(x) =\u003e {\n                println!(\"STORING FROM RPL FOR {x}\");\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(x) =\u003e {\n                println!(\"LOADING FROM RPL FOR {x}\");\n            }\n        };\n        let cycle_time = Instant::now().duration_since(start_time).as_nanos();\n        //        println!(\"\\t\\tTook {cycle_time}ms\");\n        input.to_owned()\n    }\n\n    pub fn from_string(input: \u0026str) -\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions {\n        let parts = input.split(\" \");\n        println!(\"Parts -\u003e {:?}\", parts);\n\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n    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}\n}\n","traces":[{"line":9,"address":[779832,778512,780078],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":10,"address":[790799],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":12,"address":[3561527,3561699,3561428],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":13,"address":[3561715],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":14,"address":[779111],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":15,"address":[791540,791440],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":17,"address":[380988,380933],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":20,"address":[791532],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":21,"address":[3562569,3562440],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":24,"address":[596194,596065],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":29,"address":[595016],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":34,"address":[42103296],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":36,"address":[1226798],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":42,"address":[780160],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":43,"address":[42103381,42103419],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":46,"address":[792480],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":47,"address":[3563163,3563125],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":50,"address":[780320],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":51,"address":[3563205,3563244],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":54,"address":[1227104],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":55,"address":[382168],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":58,"address":[382192],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":59,"address":[792704],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":61,"address":[3563344],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":62,"address":[1227184],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}}],"covered":25,"coverable":25},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","quirk_modes.rs"],"content":"#[derive(Default, Clone)]\npub enum QuirkMode {\n    #[default]\n    Chip8,\n    SChipLegacy,\n    XOChip,\n    SChipModern\n}\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","registers.rs"],"content":"/// Registers.  numbered 1-16 publicly.\n/// Privately using zero base array so -1 to shift from pub to priv.\n#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub struct Chip8Registers {\n    pub registers: [u8; 16],\n    pub i_register: u16,\n    pub pc: u16,\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Registers {\n    pub fn advance_pc(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.pc += 2;\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8Registers {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Registers {\n            registers: [0x00; 16],\n            i_register: 0x00,\n            pc: 0x200,\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Registers {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.registers = [0x00; 16];\n        self.i_register = 0x00;\n        self.pc = 0x200;\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_pc(\u0026mut self, new_pc: u16) {\n        self.pc = new_pc\n    }\n    pub fn peek_i(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        self.i_register\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_i(\u0026mut self, new_value: u16) {\n        self.i_register = new_value;\n    }\n    pub fn peek(\u0026self, register_number: u8) -\u003e u8 {\n        self.registers[register_number as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke(\u0026mut self, register_number: u8, value: u8) {\n        if register_number \u003e 0xf {\n            panic!(\"INVALID REGISTER\");\n        }\n        self.registers[register_number as usize] = value;\n    }\n\n    pub fn peek_pc(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        self.pc\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_pc(\u0026mut self, new_pc: u16) {\n        self.pc = new_pc\n    }\n\n    pub fn format_as_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        format!(\"Vx: 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x}\\n    0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x}\\nI: 0x{:04x}\\tPC: 0x{:04x}\",\n                self.registers[0x0],\n                self.registers[0x1],\n                self.registers[0x2],\n                self.registers[0x3],\n                self.registers[0x4],\n                self.registers[0x5],\n                self.registers[0x6],\n                self.registers[0x7],\n                self.registers[0x8],\n                self.registers[0x9],\n                self.registers[0xa],\n                self.registers[0xb],\n                self.registers[0xc],\n                self.registers[0xd],\n                self.registers[0xe],\n                self.registers[0xf],\n                self.i_register,\n                self.pc\n        )\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[626912],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":12,"address":[292749,292787],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":17,"address":[42086528],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":19,"address":[726206],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":27,"address":[42086608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":28,"address":[822942],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":29,"address":[822959],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":30,"address":[42086645],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":33,"address":[726320],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":34,"address":[822989],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":36,"address":[3515152],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":37,"address":[42086693],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":40,"address":[3515168],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":41,"address":[42086717],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":43,"address":[726400],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":44,"address":[823114,823077],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":47,"address":[823136],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":48,"address":[293139],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":49,"address":[627339],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":51,"address":[627400,627323,627413],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":54,"address":[726640],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":55,"address":[627445],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":58,"address":[627456],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":59,"address":[1139933],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":62,"address":[42087024],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":63,"address":[1141656,1145700,1143844,1140822,1140450,1141101,1142452,1143612,1140543,1144772,1144076,1146396,1141008,1140915,1144308,1142916,1145236,1145004,1141566,1141194,1145468,1140729,1141287,1140171,1140357,1141380,1141473,1140264,1143380,1144540,1143148,1142684,1140078,1145932,1146164,1140636],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":36}}],"covered":26,"coverable":26},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","sound_timer.rs"],"content":"use log::trace;\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub struct SoundTimer {\n    counter: i32\n}\n\nimpl SoundTimer {\n    pub fn current(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        self.counter\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        SoundTimer {\n            counter: 0\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn set_timer(\u0026mut self, new_value: i32) {\n        trace!(\"SETTING SOUND TIMER TO {new_value}\");\n        self.counter = new_value\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        trace!(\"TICKING SOUND FROM {} to {}\", self.counter, self.counter - 1);\n        if self.counter \u003e 0 {\n            self.counter -= 1;\n            /*\n            todo: this breaks tests.  maybe its wrong?\n            if let good_thread = thread::spawn(|| {\n                beep(440).expect(\"Unable to beep\");\n                thread::sleep(time::Duration::from_millis(500));\n            }).join().unwrap().\n             */\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.counter = 0x00;\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":9,"address":[385968],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":10,"address":[625877],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":17,"address":[821760],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":18,"address":[1183062,1182984,1183184],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":19,"address":[42131100],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":22,"address":[3555360],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":23,"address":[3555458,3555573,3555380,3555711],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":24,"address":[626328,626852],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":25,"address":[822710,822684],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":36,"address":[386976],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":37,"address":[1183941],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}}],"covered":11,"coverable":11},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","stack.rs"],"content":"#[derive(Clone)]\npub struct Chip8Stack {\n    items: Vec\u003cu16\u003e\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8Stack {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Stack  {\n            items: vec![],\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Stack {\n    pub fn push(\u0026mut self, new_value: \u0026u16) {\n        if self.depth() == 16 {\n           // println!(\"Deep deep stack?\");\n           panic!(\"Stack Overflow\");\n        }\n        self.items.push(*new_value );\n    }\n    pub fn pop(\u0026mut self) -\u003e u16 {\n        if self.items.is_empty() {\n            panic!(\"Stack Underflow\");\n        }\n        self.items.pop().unwrap()\n    }\n    pub fn depth(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        self.items.len() as u16\n    }\n\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Stack {\n            items: vec![]\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.items = vec![]\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":7,"address":[802128],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":9,"address":[810109],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":15,"address":[810160],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":16,"address":[3569128],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":18,"address":[307363],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":20,"address":[42122187],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":22,"address":[3569216],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":23,"address":[42122222],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":24,"address":[1174183],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":26,"address":[3569245],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":28,"address":[42122352],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":29,"address":[802453],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":32,"address":[42122368],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":34,"address":[42122381],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":38,"address":[810496,810559],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":39,"address":[1174333,1174413],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}}],"covered":16,"coverable":16},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","system_memory.rs"],"content":"use log::{trace};\n\nuse crate::constants::*;\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub struct Chip8SystemMemory {\n    memory: [u8; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize],\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8SystemMemory {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n\n        let mut x = Chip8SystemMemory {\n            memory: [0x00; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize],\n        };\n\n        x.load_fonts_to_memory();\n        x.load_schip_fonts_to_memory();\n        x\n    }\n}\nimpl Chip8SystemMemory {\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self){\n        self.memory = [0x00; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize];\n        self.load_fonts_to_memory();\n        self.load_schip_fonts_to_memory();\n    }\n    \n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8SystemMemory {\n            memory: [0x00; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize],\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn peek(\u0026self, address: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        trace!(\"PEEK: {} / {}\", address, self.memory[address as usize].clone());\n        self.memory[address as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke(\u0026mut self, address: u16, value: u8)  {\n        trace!(\"POKE: {} / {} to {}\", address, self.memory[address as usize], value);\n        self.memory[address as usize] = value;\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_program(\u0026mut self, program_to_load: Box\u003cVec\u003cu8\u003e\u003e) {\n        for load_index in 0..program_to_load.len() {\n            self.poke((load_index + 0x200) as u16, program_to_load[load_index]);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_fonts_to_memory(\u0026mut self) {\n        let all_font_characters = [\n            CHIP8FONT_0,\n            CHIP8FONT_1,\n            CHIP8FONT_2,\n            CHIP8FONT_3,\n            CHIP8FONT_4,\n            CHIP8FONT_5,\n            CHIP8FONT_6,\n            CHIP8FONT_7,\n            CHIP8FONT_8,\n            CHIP8FONT_9,\n            CHIP8FONT_A,\n            CHIP8FONT_B,\n            CHIP8FONT_C,\n            CHIP8FONT_D,\n            CHIP8FONT_E,\n            CHIP8FONT_F,\n        ];\n\n        for (font_index, current_font) in all_font_characters.iter().enumerate() {\n            for font_mem_offset in 0..=4 {\n                let real_offset = font_index * 5 + font_mem_offset;\n                self.poke(real_offset as u16, current_font[font_mem_offset]);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_schip_fonts_to_memory(\u0026mut self) {\n        let all_font_characters = [\n            SCHIPFONT_0, SCHIPFONT_1, SCHIPFONT_2, SCHIPFONT_3,\n            SCHIPFONT_4, SCHIPFONT_5, SCHIPFONT_6, SCHIPFONT_7,\n            SCHIPFONT_8, SCHIPFONT_9, SCHIPFONT_A, SCHIPFONT_B,\n            SCHIPFONT_C, SCHIPFONT_D, SCHIPFONT_E, SCHIPFONT_F\n        ];\n        for (font_index, current_font) in all_font_characters.iter().enumerate() {\n            let base_offset = 0x100;\n            for font_mem_offset in 0..=4 {\n                let real_offset = base_offset + font_index * 0x10 + font_mem_offset;\n                self.poke(real_offset as u16, current_font[font_mem_offset]);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[3524688],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":14,"address":[42097148],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":17,"address":[322647],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":18,"address":[836626],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":19,"address":[640178],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":24,"address":[42097248],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":25,"address":[836686],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":26,"address":[42097279],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":27,"address":[836714],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":30,"address":[737920],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[836765],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[640352],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":37,"address":[738028,738242,738394,738114],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":38,"address":[738612,738059,738628],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":41,"address":[738656],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":42,"address":[3525880,3526102,3525666,3525752],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":43,"address":[3526372,3526352,3525697],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":46,"address":[324588,324272],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[838262,838447,838329],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[42099041],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[739792],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":53,"address":[324644],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":72,"address":[3527299,3527129],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":8}},{"line":73,"address":[839181],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":74,"address":[325445,325355],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":75,"address":[325481,325437],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":80,"address":[1152448],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":81,"address":[839549],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":87,"address":[741675,741845],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":88,"address":[3527692],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":89,"address":[1153631],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":90,"address":[1153795,1153924],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":91,"address":[1153916,1153960],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}}],"covered":28,"coverable":33},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","util.rs"],"content":"pub struct InstructionUtil {}\n\nimpl InstructionUtil {\n    pub fn byte_to_bools(to_convert: u8) -\u003e [bool; 8] {\n        let mut return_values = [false; 8];\n        for i in 0..8 {\n            let new_value = to_convert \u003e\u003e i \u0026 0x1 == 1;\n            return_values[i as usize] = new_value;\n        }\n        return_values\n    }\n\n    pub fn bools_to_byte(to_convert: [bool; 8]) -\u003e u8 {\n        let mut return_value = 0u8;\n        for i in 0..to_convert.len() {\n            let new_bit = 0x1 \u003c\u003c i;\n            if to_convert[i] {\n                return_value = return_value | new_bit\n            }\n        }\n        return_value\n    }\n\n    pub fn split_bytes(to_split: u16) -\u003e (u8, u8) {\n        let high = to_split.rotate_left(8) as u8;\n        let low = (to_split \u0026 0xff) as u8;\n\n        (high, low)\n    }\n\n    pub fn join_bytes(high: u8, low: u8) -\u003e u16 {\n        let result = (high as u16) \u003c\u003c 8 | low as u16;\n        result\n    }\n\n    // nnn or addr - A 12-bit value, the lowest 12 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_addr_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u16 {\n        instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x0FFF\n    }\n\n    // n or nibble - A 4-bit value, the lowest 4 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_nibble_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n       ( instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x000F )as u8\n    }\n\n    // x - A 4-bit value, the lower 4 bits of the high byte of the instruction\n    pub fn read_x_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x0F00).rotate_right(8) as u8\n    }\n\n    // y - A 4-bit value, the upper 4 bits of the low byte of the instruction\n    pub fn read_y_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x00F0).rotate_right(4) as u8\n    }\n\n    // kk or byte - An 8-bit value, the lowest 8 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_byte_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x00FF) as u8\n    }\n\n    pub fn read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        ((to_read_from \u0026 0x0f00) \u003e\u003e 8) as u8\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":4,"address":[792960],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":5,"address":[42179039],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":6,"address":[42179227,42179126,42179056],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":7,"address":[1227499,1227442],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":8,"address":[3607348,3607365,3607308],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":10,"address":[42179106],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":13,"address":[3607392],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":14,"address":[42179283],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":15,"address":[681575,681512],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":16,"address":[781062,781102],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":17,"address":[1227731,1227778,1227702],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":18,"address":[1227770],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":21,"address":[793278],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":24,"address":[781184],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":25,"address":[42179525],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":26,"address":[3607657],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":31,"address":[681760],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":32,"address":[781246],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":37,"address":[793520],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":38,"address":[42179592],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":42,"address":[373616],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":43,"address":[793544],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":47,"address":[793552],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":48,"address":[373640],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":52,"address":[781360],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":53,"address":[793608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":57,"address":[42179712],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":58,"address":[781416],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":61,"address":[3607856],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":62,"address":[1228040],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}}],"covered":30,"coverable":30},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","video.rs"],"content":"use log::{debug};\nuse crate::chip8::util::InstructionUtil;\nuse crate::chip8::video::Chip8VideoModes::{HighRes, LowRes};\nuse crate::constants::{CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT, CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY, CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT, SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH};\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\nenum Chip8VideoModes {\n    LowRes,\n    HighRes,\n}\n\n#[derive(Clone)]\npub struct Chip8Video {\n    memory: Vec\u003cbool\u003e,\n    pub has_frame_changed: bool,\n    current_res: Chip8VideoModes,\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Video {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.cls();\n        self.start_frame();\n    }\n\n    pub fn is_highres(\u0026self) -\u003e bool {\n        matches!(self.current_res, HighRes)\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_highres(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.current_res = HighRes;\n        self.cls();\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_lowres(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.current_res = LowRes\n    }\n\n    pub fn get_screen_resolution(\u0026mut self) -\u003e Chip8VideoModes {\n        self.current_res\n    }\n\n    pub fn cls(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.memory.clear();\n        let num_loops = match self.current_res {\n            LowRes =\u003e {\n                CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY\n            }\n            HighRes =\u003e {\n                SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY\n            }\n        };\n        for i in 0..num_loops {\n            self.memory.push(false);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn start_frame(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.has_frame_changed = false;\n    }\n\n    pub fn new(initial_configuration: Box\u003cVec\u003cbool\u003e\u003e) -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            memory: *initial_configuration,\n            has_frame_changed: false,\n            current_res: Chip8VideoModes::LowRes,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn peek(\u0026self, address: u16) -\u003e bool {\n        let loop_value: u16 = if self.is_highres() {\n            SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY as u16\n        } else {\n            CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY as u16\n        };\n        let effective_address = if address \u003e= loop_value {\n            address % loop_value\n        } else { address };\n        self.memory[effective_address as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke(\u0026mut self, address: u16, new_value: bool) {\n        let loop_value: u16 = self.get_memory_size() as u16;\n        // Loop the address\n        let effective_address = address % loop_value;\n\n        let old_value = self.memory[effective_address as usize];\n        let xored_value = new_value ^ old_value;       // XOR of the video\n        // if the frame has already changed we dont care if it changed again.\n        if !self.has_frame_changed {\n            if old_value != xored_value {\n                self.has_frame_changed = true\n            };\n        }\n\n        //     println!(\"VIDEO POKE COMPLETE WITH {effective_address} SET TO {xored_value}\");\n        self.memory[effective_address as usize] = xored_value;\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_byte(\u0026mut self, first_address: u16, to_write: u8) {\n        for i in (0..8).rev() {\n            self.poke(first_address + (7 - i), (to_write \u0026 (1 \u003c\u003c i)) != 0);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_2byte(\u0026mut self, first_address: u16, to_write: [u8; 2]) {\n        for (idx, _) in to_write.iter().enumerate() {\n            for i in (0..8).rev() {\n                self.poke(first_address + (idx * 8) as u16 + (7 - i), (to_write[idx] \u0026 (1 \u003c\u003c i)) != 0);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn format_as_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        println!(\"FORMATTING {width}x{height}\");\n        let mut output = String::new();\n        for row in 0..height {\n            for column in 0..width {\n                let data_offset = row * width + column;\n                debug!(\"Rendering {data_offset} with value {}\", self.memory[data_offset as usize]);\n                if self.memory[data_offset as usize] {\n                    output += \"*\"\n                } else {\n                    output += \" \"\n                }\n            }\n            output += \"\\n\";\n        }\n        output\n    }\n\n    pub fn get_resolution(\u0026self) -\u003e (i32, i32) {\n        if self.is_highres() {\n            (SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n        } else {\n            (CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n        }\n    }\n    fn get_memory_size(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        width * height\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.has_frame_changed = false;\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_right(\u0026mut self) {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n\n        for current_row in 0..height {\n            let row_offset: usize = (current_row * width) as usize;\n            for current_column in (0..(width - 4)).rev() {\n                let source_address = row_offset + current_column as usize;\n                let target_address = source_address + 4;\n                self.memory[target_address] = self.memory[source_address];\n            }\n            self.memory[row_offset..row_offset + 4].fill(false);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_left(\u0026mut self) {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n\n        for current_row in 0..height {\n            let row_offset = current_row * width;\n            for current_column in (0..width - 4) {\n                let source: usize = (row_offset + current_column) as usize;\n                let target: usize = source + 4;\n                self.memory[target] = self.memory[source];\n            }\n\n            let clear_start: usize = (row_offset + width - 4) as usize;\n            let clear_end: usize = clear_start + 4;\n\n            self.memory[clear_start..clear_end].fill(false);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_down(\u0026mut self, how_far: i32) {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        let row_shift = how_far * width;\n\n        let max_source_row = height - how_far;\n        for current_source_row in (0..max_source_row).rev() {\n            let current_source_offset = current_source_row * width;\n            for current_source_column in (0..width) {\n                let base_offset: usize = (current_source_offset + current_source_column) as usize;\n                let extended_offset: usize = base_offset + row_shift as usize;\n                self.memory[extended_offset] = self.memory[base_offset];\n            };\n        }\n\n        // Clear the new top rows after shifting\n        let clear_end = (how_far * width) as usize;\n        self.memory[0..clear_end].fill(false);\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8Video {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        let mut mem = vec![];\n        for _ in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY { mem.push(false); }\n        Chip8Video { memory: mem, has_frame_changed: false, current_res: Chip8VideoModes::LowRes }\n    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const CHIP8_REGISTER_COUNT: i32 = 16;\npub const CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE: i32 = 4096i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH: i32 = 64i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT: i32 = 32i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY: usize = (CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT * CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH) as usize;\npub const CHIP8_ROM_SIZE: usize = 512;\n\npub const RESOURCES_ROOT: \u0026str = \"../resources\";\npub const TESTS_ROOT: \u0026str = \"../resources/tests/\";\n\npub const CHIP8_KEYBOARD: [[u8; 4]; 4] = [\n    [0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x0C],\n    [0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x0D],\n    [0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0E],\n    [0x0A, 0x00, 0x0B, 0x0F]\n];\n\npub const SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT: i32 = 64;\npub const SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH: i32 = 128;\npub const SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY: usize = (SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT * SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH) as usize;\n\npub const INST_ADDI: \u0026str = \"ADDI\";\npub const INST_ADD: \u0026str = \"ADD\";\npub const INST_ADDR: \u0026str = \"ADDR\";\npub const INST_AND: \u0026str = \"AND\";\npub const INST_CLS: \u0026str = \"CLS\";\npub const INST_CALL: \u0026str = \"CALL\";\npub const INST_DRW: \u0026str = \"DRW\";\npub const INST_EXIT: \u0026str = \"EXIT\";\npub const INST_JPA: \u0026str = \"JPA\";\npub const INST_JPI: \u0026str = \"JPI\";\npub const INST_BCD: \u0026str = \"BCD\";\npub const INST_LDD: \u0026str = \"LDD\";\npub const INST_LDF: \u0026str = \"LDF\";\npub const INST_LDF2: \u0026str = \"LDF2\";\npub const INST_LDIA: \u0026str = \"LDIA\";\npub const INST_LDIX: \u0026str = \"LDIX\";\npub const INST_LIDR: \u0026str = \"LIDR\";\npub const INST_LDIS: \u0026str = \"LDIS\";\npub const INST_LDR: \u0026str = \"LDR\";\npub const INST_LDRD: \u0026str = \"LDRD\";\npub const INST_LDRI: \u0026str = \"LDRI\";\npub const INST_LDRK: \u0026str = \"LDRK\";\npub const INST_LDRY: \u0026str = \"LDRY\";\npub const INST_OR: \u0026str = \"OR\";\npub const INST_RET: \u0026str = \"RET\";\npub const INST_RND: \u0026str = \"RND\";\npub const INST_SDN: \u0026str = \"SDN\";\npub const INST_SRT: \u0026str = \"SRT\";\npub const INST_SLF: \u0026str = \"SLF\";\npub const INST_SEX: \u0026str = \"SEX\";\npub const INST_SEY: \u0026str = \"SEY\";\npub const INST_SHL: \u0026str = \"SHL\";\npub const INST_SHR: \u0026str = \"SHR\";\npub const INST_SKP: \u0026str = \"SKP\";\npub const INST_SKNP: \u0026str = \"SKNP\";\npub const INST_SNEB: \u0026str = \"SNEB\";\npub const INST_SNEY: \u0026str = \"SNEY\";\npub const INST_STR: \u0026str = \"STR\";\npub const INST_SUB: \u0026str = \"SUB\";\npub const INST_SUBC: \u0026str = \"SUBC\";\npub const INST_SYS: \u0026str = \"SYS\";\npub const INST_DIS: \u0026str = \"DIS\";\npub const INST_ENA: \u0026str = \"ENA\";\npub const INST_ORY: \u0026str = \"ORY\";\n\npub const CHIP8_PROGRAM_LOAD_OFFSET: i32 = 0x200;\npub const CHIP8FONT_0: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_1: [u8; 5] = [0x20, 0x60, 0x20, 0x20, 0x70];\npub const CHIP8FONT_2: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_3: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_4: [u8; 5] = [0x90, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x10, 0x10];\npub const CHIP8FONT_5: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_6: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_7: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x40];\npub const CHIP8FONT_8: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_9: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_A: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x90, 0x90];\npub const CHIP8FONT_B: [u8; 5] = [0xE0, 0x90, 0xE0, 0x90, 0xE0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_C: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0x80, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_D: [u8; 5] = [0xE0, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0xE0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_E: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_F: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x80, 0x80];\n\npub const SCHIPFONT_0: [u8; 0x20] = [\n    0x00, 0x00,\n    0x01, 0x80,\n    0x03, 0xc0,\n    0x06, 0x60,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x06, 0x60,\n    0x03, 0xc0,     // 0b0000001111000000\n    0x01, 0x80,     // 0b0000000110000000\n    0x00, 0x00      // 0b0000000000000000\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_1: [u8; 0x20] = [\n    0x00, 0x00,\n    0x03, 0xc0,\n    0x02, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x03, 0xf0,\n    0x00, 0x00\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_2: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC7, 0xC3, 0xC0, 0xE0,\n    0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C, 0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_3: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC7, 0xC3, 0xC0, 0xE0,\n    0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C, 0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_4: [u8; 0x20] = [0xE0, 0xF0, 0xF8, 0xFC, 0xFE, 0xF7, 0xF3, 0xF1,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC0,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_5: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x3F, 0x7F, 0x7F,\n    0x01, 0x01, 0xC1, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_6: [u8; 0x20] = [0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_7: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xE0, 0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C,\n    0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_8: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0x7E, 0xFE, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_9: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0x7F, 0x03, 0x03, 0xC7, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_A: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_B: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFE, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_C: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0x01, 0x01,\n    0x01, 0x01, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_D: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3,\n    0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C, 0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_E: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_F: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","lib.rs"],"content":"pub mod chip8 {\n    pub mod video;\n    pub mod sound_timer;\n    pub mod delay_timer;\n    pub mod keypad;\n    pub mod computer;\n    pub mod system_memory;\n    pub mod instructions;\n    pub mod cpu_states;\n    pub mod util;\n    pub mod registers;\n\n    pub mod stack;\n    pub  mod computer_manager;\n    pub mod quirk_modes;\n}\n\npub mod constants;","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","tests","computer_tests.rs"],"content":"use gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::constants::CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY;\n\n#[test]\nfn smoke() { assert!(true) }\n\nfn load_result(to_load: \u0026str) -\u003e String {\n    std::fs::read_to_string(format!(\"../resources/test/{}\", to_load)).unwrap()\n}\n\nfn load_rom(to_load: \u0026str) -\u003e Vec\u003cu8\u003e {\n    std::fs::read(format!(\"../resources/roms/{}\", to_load)).unwrap()\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn reset_clears_video() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        x.video_memory.poke(i as u16, i % 2 == 0);\n    }\n\n    x.reset();\n    x.video_memory.reset();\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level1_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let level_1_rom = load_rom(\"1-chip8-logo.ch8\");\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, (\u0026level_1_rom).into());\n\n    // run for 0x40 cycles\n    while x.num_cycles \u003c 0x40 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_level_1_test.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level2_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // Load the IBM rom and run it.\n    // it takes 39 cycles to get to the end so lets run it 40.\n    let test_rom_to_run = load_rom(\"2-ibm-logo.ch8\");\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, (\u0026test_rom_to_run).into());\n    for _ in 0..40 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    // ...then verify that the current video memory of the chip-8\n    // simulator matches what we expect it to be\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_ibm_rom_output.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level3_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n     x.load_bytes_to_memory(\n         0x200, (\u0026load_rom(\"3-corax+.ch8\")).into()\n     );\n    for i in 0..0x180 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_corax_plus.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn rps_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026load_rom(\"RPS.ch8\").into());\n    for _ in 0..0xF0 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_rps_stage1.asc\"));\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x01);\n    for _ in 0..0x200 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_rps_stage2.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level4_test() {\n    // flags\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026load_rom(\"4-flags.ch8\").into());\n    for _ in 0..0x400 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_flags.asc\"));\n}\n","traces":[{"line":7,"address":[299120],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":8,"address":[299247,299350],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":11,"address":[299568],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":12,"address":[299695,299798],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}}],"covered":4,"coverable":4},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","tests","unit_tests.rs"],"content":"use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet};\nuse log::debug;\nuse rand::random;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::delay_timer::DelayTimer;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA;\nuse gemma::chip8::keypad::Keypad;\nuse gemma::chip8::registers::Chip8Registers;\nuse gemma::chip8::sound_timer::SoundTimer;\nuse gemma::chip8::stack::Chip8Stack;\nuse gemma::chip8::util::InstructionUtil;\nuse gemma::chip8::video::Chip8Video;\nuse gemma::constants::*;\n\nconst TEST_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_DIR: \u0026str = \"../resources/test/\";\n\nfn read_test_result(suffix: \u0026str) -\u003e String {\n    std::fs::read_to_string(TEST_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_DIR.to_owned() + suffix)\n        .unwrap()\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn smoke() {\n    assert!(true)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn encode_decode_test() {\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS.encode(), 0x00E0);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::RET.encode(), 0x00EE);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x123).encode(), 0x0123);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0x234).encode(), 0x1234);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x345).encode(), 0x2345);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x4, 0x56).encode(), 0x3456);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0xa, 0xbc).encode(), 0x4abc);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0xa, 0xb).encode(), 0x5ab0);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(0xa, 0xff).encode(), 0x6aff);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0xa, 0xbc).encode(), 0x7abc);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(0xa, 0xb).encode(), 0x8ab0);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(0xb, 0xa).encode(), 0x8ba1);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(0xc, 0xd).encode(), 0x8cd2);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(0xd, 0xe).encode(), 0x8de3);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0xe, 0xf).encode(), 0x8ef4);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0xf, 0x0).encode(), 0x8f05);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x0, 0x1).encode(), 0x8016);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2).encode(), 0x8127);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x3, 0x4).encode(), 0x834e);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0xa, 0xb).encode(), 0x9ab0);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x123).encode(), 0xa123);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x234).encode(), 0xb234);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0xa, 0xca).encode(), 0xcaca);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(0xa, 0xb, 0x4).encode(), 0xdab4);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1).encode(), 0xe19e);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x2).encode(), 0xe2a1);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x1).encode(), 0xf107);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x4).encode(), 0xf40a);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x6).encode(), 0xf615);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(0xb).encode(), 0xfb18);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0xd).encode(), 0xfd1e);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0xc).encode(), 0xfc29);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(0xd).encode(), 0xfd33);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(0xe).encode(), 0xfe55);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x3).encode(), 0xf365);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(0x1).encode(), 0x00C1);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF.encode(), 0x00FC);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT.encode(), 0x00FB);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT.encode(), 0x00FD);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA.encode(), 0x00FF);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS.encode(), 0x00FE);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(0).encode(), 0xF030);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(1).encode(), 0xF175);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(1).encode(), 0xF185);\n\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xF175), Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(1)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xF185), Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(1)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00C1u16), Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(0x01)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00FCu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00FBu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00FDu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00FEu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00FFu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xF030u16), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(0)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00E0u16), Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00EEu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::RET));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x0123), Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x123)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x0FFF), Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0xfff)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x1002), Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0x2)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x1FF0), Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0xFF0)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x2002), Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x2)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x3123), Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x1, 0x23)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x4abc), Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0xa, 0xbc)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x5ab0), Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0xa, 0xb)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x6aff), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(0xa, 0xff)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x7abc), Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0xa, 0xbc)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8ab0), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(0xa, 0xb)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8ba1), Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(0xb, 0xa)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8cd2), Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(0xc, 0xd)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8de3), Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(0xd, 0xe)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8ef4), Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0xe, 0xf)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8f05), Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0xf, 0x0)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8016), Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x0, 0x1)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8127), Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x834e), Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x3, 0x4)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x9ab0), Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0xa, 0xb)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xa123), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x123)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xb234), Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x234)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xcaca), Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0xa, 0xca)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xdab4), Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(0xa, 0xb, 0x4)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xe19e), Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xe2a1), Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x2)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xf107), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x1)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xf40a), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x4)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xf615), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x6)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xfb18), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(0xb)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xfd1e), Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0xd)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xfc29), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0xc)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xfd33), Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(0xd)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xfe55), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(0xe)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xf365), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x3)));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn decoder_test_invalid_instructions() {\n    let invalid_to_encode = [\n        0x5ab1, 0x5abf, 0x8ab8, 0x8abd, 0x8abf,\n        0x9ab1, 0x9abf, 0xea9d, 0xea9f, 0xeaa0,\n        0xeaa2, 0xf006, 0xf008\n    ];\n\n    for i in invalid_to_encode {\n        assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(i).encode(), 0xffff);\n        assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(i), Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION));\n    }\n}\n\n/// START OF THE EXECUTION TESTS\n#[test]\nfn instruction_tests() {\n    // 0x0nnn Exit to System Call\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0xFA0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xFA0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x0AF).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x0AF);\n\n    // 0x1nnn Jump to Address\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0xABC).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xABC);\n\n    // 0x6xkk Set Vx = kk\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(1, 0x12).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0x12);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(2, 0x21).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(2), 0x21);\n\n    // 0x3xkk Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n    // The interpreter compares register Vx to kk,\n    // and if they are equal, increments the program counter by 2.\n\n    // test setup: Load value 0x84 into V1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x84);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(1, 0x48).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x84);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(1, 0x84).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    // 0x4xkk Skip next instruction if Vx != kk\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x84);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x84);\n    // skip, compare 0x84 to 0x84\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x84);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x48);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    // 0x8xy0 Set value of Vy in Vx\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x02);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0x02);\n\n    // 0x8xy1 Set Vx = Vx OR Vy\n    //   0b0101 0000 (0x50)\n    // | 0b0000 1010 (0x0A)\n    //   0b0101 1010 (0x5A)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b01010000);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b00001010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b01011010);\n\n    // 0x8xy2 Set Vx = Vx AND Vy\n    //   0b1111 1100 (0xFC)\n    // \u0026 0b1100 1010 (0xCA)\n    //   0b1100 1000 (0xC8)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xFC);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0xCA);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0xC8);\n\n    // 0x8xy3 Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy\n    //   0b1111 1100 (0xFC)\n    // ^ 0b1100 1010 (0xCA)\n    //   0b0011 0110 (0x36)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b11111100);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b11001010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00110110);\n\n    // 0x8xy4 Set Vx = Vx + Vy (SET VF on Carry)\n    //    T1             T2: Judgement Test\n    //   0x01           0xFF\n    // + 0x01           0x01\n    //   0x02 F0        0x00 F1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x00);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x02);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xff);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0);\n\n    /*\n    Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n\n    If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n    */\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b00001000);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b00000000);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);     // 0b0000 0010 (0x02) (Not Set)\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00000100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0);\n\n    x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b00001001);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00000100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x123).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 0x123);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn jp_v0addr_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    /// jump to I + nnn\n    x.registers.poke(0x0, 0xff);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x100).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x1FF);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn cls_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert_eq!(x.video_memory.peek(i as u16), false);\n    }\n    // draw some thing to the video memory\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x01, true);\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x03, true);\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x05, true);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS.execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert_eq!(x.video_memory.peek(i as u16), false);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn skip_next_instruction_ne_text() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x1, 0x0f).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x1, 0xf0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn addivx_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke_i(0xabc);\n    x.registers.poke(0x0, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0x0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 0xacc);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ldstvt_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(0x01).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.sound_timer.current(), 0xf0);\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    assert_eq!(x.sound_timer.current(), 0xed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn rnd_vx_byte_text() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x1, 0x0f).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    let new_value = x.registers.peek(0x1);\n    assert!(new_value \u003c 0x10);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn add_vx_byte_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // set a value in the register\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xab);\n    // add 0x10 to register\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x1, 0x10).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0xbb);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sub_vx_vy_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // load values in 2 registers\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x08);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0x8);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sne_vx_vy_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x00);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ld_dt_vx_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0x10);\n    for i in 0..0x20 {\n        x.delay_timer.tick();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ld_vx_dt_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0xed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn subn_vx_vy_test() {\n    // This instruction subtracts the value in\n    // register Vx from the value in register Vy and stores the result in register Vx.\n    // The subtraction is performed as follows: Vx = Vy - Vx. If Vy is less than Vx,\n    // the result will wrap around (due to the 8-bit nature of the registers).\n    // The carry flag (VF) is set to 1 if there is no borrow (i.e., Vy is greater\n    // than or equal to Vx), and it is set to 0 if there is a borrow.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xa0);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0xab);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // expect the result to be 0x0b\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0x0b);\n    // expect the vf register to be set to 1 as there was overflow\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x1);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xab);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0xa0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // expect the result to be 11110101, -0xB, -11, 245, 0xF5\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0xf5);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x0);\n\n    // 8xyE - SHL Vx {, Vy}\n    // Set Vx = Vx SHL 1.\n    //\n    // If the most-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise to 0. Then Vx is multiplied by 2.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0b00100000);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x1, 0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0b01000000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0b10101010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x1, 0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0b01010100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x1);\n\n    // Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n    // Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n    //\n    // The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite corresponding to the value of Vx. See section 2.4, Display, for more information on the Chip-8 hexadecimal font.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // target_sprite = 2\n    // target_offset = 0x5\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x2);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 10);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x06);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 30);\n\n    // Fx33 - LD B, Vx\n    // Store BCD representation of Vx in memory locations I, I+1, and I+2.\n    //\n    // The interpreter takes the decimal value of Vx, and places the hundreds digit\n    // in memory at location in I, the tens digit at location I+1,\n    // and the ones digit at location I+2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    // load the value 123 (0x7b)\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x7b);\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x500), 0x1);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x501), 0x2);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x502), 0x3);\n\n    // Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n    //\n    // The interpreter copies the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n    // starting at the address in I.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    // Load Registers.\n    let to_load = [0xab, 0xba, 0xca, 0xca, 0xbe, 0xef];\n    for (idx, val) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        x.registers.poke(idx as u8, *val);\n    }\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(to_load.len() as u8).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // Verify the values are in memory from 0x500 to 0x507\n    for (idx, value) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x500 + idx as u16), *value);\n    }\n\n    // Read registers V0 through Vx from memory starting at location I.\n    //\n    // The interpreter reads values from memory starting at location I into registers V0 through Vx.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    let base_offset = 0x500;\n    let to_load = [0xab, 0xba, 0xca, 0xca, 0xbe, 0xef];\n\n    // start by setting values in memory\n    for (idx, memory) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        let target_address = base_offset + idx;\n        let target_value = *memory;\n        x.memory.poke(target_address as u16, target_value);\n    }\n    // where to load from\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n    // how much to load\n    x.registers.poke(0x6, to_load.len() as u8);\n\n    // then copying them values memory to registers\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x6).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // now check that we have the right values in our registers\n    for (idx, value) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(idx as u8), *value);\n    }\n\n    // ExA1 - SKNP Vx\n    // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n    //\n    // Checks the keyboard,\n    // and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the up position,\n    // PC is increased by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x5);\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n    x.keypad.release_key(0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x206);\n\n    // Ex9E - SKP Vx\n    // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n    //\n    // Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x5);\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    x.keypad.release_key(0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x206);\n}\n\nfn draw_nibble_vx_vy_n_test_hd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    let x_register = 0x01;\n    let x_offset = 0x03;\n    let y_register = 0x02;\n    let y_offset = 0x04;\n    let char_offset = 0x100;\n    x.registers.poke(x_register, x_offset);\n    x.registers.poke(y_register, y_offset);\n    x.video_memory.set_highres();\n    x.registers.poke_i(char_offset);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, 0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    println!(\"[[{}]]\", x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"\"), x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn draw_nibble_vx_vy_n_test_sd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let x_register = 0x1;\n    let y_register = 0x2;\n    let x_offset = 1;\n    let y_offset = 2;\n    let char_offset = 0x0A;\n\n    // now lets set the X and Y to 1,2\n    x.registers.poke(x_register, x_offset);\n    x.registers.poke(y_register, y_offset);\n    x.registers.poke_i(char_offset);\n    // we are using 5 rows.\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, 5).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // now check that video memory has the values at\n    // 1,2-\u003e1,9\n    // 2,2-\u003e2,9\n    // 3,2-\u003e3,9\n    // 4,2-\u003e4,9\n    // 5,2-\u003e5,9\n    //  let byte_to_check = CHIP8FONT_0[0];\n    for row_in_sprite in 0..5 {\n        let row_data = CHIP8FONT_2[row_in_sprite];\n        for bit_in_byte in 0..8 {\n            let data_offset = (x_offset\n                as u16 + row_in_sprite as u16) * 64 + (bit_in_byte + y_offset) as u16;\n            let real_bit_in_byte = 7 - bit_in_byte;\n            let shifted_one = 0x01 \u003c\u003c real_bit_in_byte;\n            let one_shift_set = (shifted_one \u0026 row_data) \u003e 0;\n            debug!(\"ROWDATA = \\t\\t[{row_data:08b}]\\tBIT IN BYTE = \\t[{bit_in_byte}]\\tONE_SHIFT_SET = [{one_shift_set}]\\tSHIFTED ONE = [{shifted_one:08b}]\");\n            debug!(\"DATA_OFFSET FOR SOURCE DATA {}x{} is {} / offset by {}x{} and should be {} working with byte {:08b}\",\n                         bit_in_byte, row_in_sprite, data_offset, x_offset, y_offset, one_shift_set, row_data);\n        }\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sub_test() {\n    // 2nnn\n    // Call a subroutine at 2nnn\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x124).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x124);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 1);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x564).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x564);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 2);\n\n    // SETUP\n    // Return from a subroutine.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.stack.push(\u00260x132);\n    x.stack.push(\u00260xabc);\n    // EXECUTE\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RET.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // VERIFY\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xabc);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 1);\n    // EXECUTE\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RET.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // VERIFY\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x132);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 0);\n}\n\n\n#[test]\nfn ldvxk_test() {\n    // SETUP\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert!(matches!(x.state, gemma::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn series8xy4_corex_tests() {\n    /// 8xy4\n    /// Set Vx = Vx + Vy\n    /// Set VF=1 if Carry\n    ///\n\n    // 1 + 1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x02);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    // 255+1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xff);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x00);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n\n    // 128+192\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 128);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 192);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 64);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 1);\n\n    // 8xy6 - SHR Vx {, Vy}\n    // Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n    //\n    // If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1,\n    // otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // 0b10101010 -\u003e 0b01010101\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b10101010);\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x0);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01010100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 1);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b10101000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01010000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b10100000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01000000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn random_produces_different_numbers() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x00);\n    let first_number = Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x01, 0xff).execute(\u0026mut x).registers.peek(0x01);\n    let second_number = Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x01, 0xff).execute(\u0026mut x).registers.peek(0x01);\n    assert_ne!(first_number, second_number);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn delay_timer_ticks_reduce_time() {\n    let mut st = DelayTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(100);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 97);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn delay_timer_out_of_ticks_works() {\n    let mut st = DelayTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(0);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn keypad_keys_check() {\n    let mut k = Keypad::new();\n\n    for i in 0..16 {\n        assert!(!k.key_state(i));\n    }\n\n    // press a key\n    k.push_key(1);\n    k.push_key(2);\n    assert!(k.pressed(1));\n    assert!(k.pressed(2));\n    k.release_key(1);\n    assert!(k.released(1));\n}\n\n\n#[test]\nfn keypad_string_format_test() {\n    let mut k = Keypad::new();\n\n\n    assert_eq!(k.format_as_string(), read_test_result(\"gemma_keypad_string_result.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn register_rw_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.poke(0x0, 0xff);\n    x.poke(0x1, 0xab);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek(0x0), 0xff);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek(0x1), 0xab);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn pc_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.set_pc(0x300);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek_pc(), 0x300);\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn invalid_register() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.poke(0x10, 0xff);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn format_as_string_looks_right() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    for i in 0..0x10 {\n        x.registers[i] = i as u8;\n    }\n    x.pc = 0xabc;\n    x.i_register = 0xcab;\n    let result_string = x.format_as_string();\n    assert_eq!(result_string, String::from(\"Vx: 0x00 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x04 0x05 0x06 0x07\\n    0x08 0x09 0x0a 0x0b 0x0c 0x0d 0x0e 0x0f\\nI: 0x0cab\\tPC: 0x0abc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn reset_clears_registers() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n\n    for register in 0..0x10 {\n        x.poke(register, random::\u003cu8\u003e());\n    }\n    x.reset();\n    for register in 0..0x10 {\n        assert_eq!(x.peek(register), 0x00);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sound_timer_ticks_reduce_time() {\n    let mut st = SoundTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(100);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 97);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sound_timer_out_of_ticks_works() {\n    let mut st = SoundTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(0);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn stack_push_pop_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n\n    // lets see if we can push and pop a bunch\n    x.push(\u00260xabcu16);\n    x.push(\u00260xcdeu16);\n    x.pop();\n    assert_eq!(x.depth(), 1);\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn stack_overflow_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    for i in 0..17 {\n        x.push(\u0026i);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn stack_underflow_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    x.pop();\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn stack_lots_of_subs() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    let stack_contents = [0x123, 0x321, 0xabc, 0xdef,\n        0xbad, 0xbef, 0xfed, 0xcab,\n        0xbed, 0xcad, 0xfeb, 0xcab,\n        0xfff, 0x000, 0x001];\n    for i in stack_contents {\n        x.push(\u0026i);\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.depth(), 15);\n\n    // up to 50 random loops\n    let num_loops: u8 = random::\u003cu8\u003e() % 50;\n    for i in 0..num_loops {\n        let start_count = x.depth();\n        let num_pop = random::\u003cu8\u003e() % x.depth() as u8;\n        for current_pop in 0..num_pop {\n            x.pop();\n        }\n\n        let post_pop_count = x.depth();\n        assert_eq!(post_pop_count as u8, start_count as u8 - num_pop);\n        for current_push in 0..num_pop {\n            x.push(\u0026stack_contents[(current_push + post_pop_count as u8) as usize]);\n        }\n        assert_eq!(x.depth(), 15);\n    }\n}\n\n\n#[test]\nfn video_split_bytes() {\n    // from 0xABCD we should have AB high, CD low\n    let (low, high) = InstructionUtil::split_bytes(0xabcd);\n    assert_eq!(low, 0xAB);\n    assert_eq!(high, 0xCD);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_join_bytes() {\n    // from 0xAB low and 0xCD high we get 0xABCD\n    let merged = InstructionUtil::join_bytes(0xcd, 0xab);\n    assert_eq!(merged, 0xcdab);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_read_from_instruction() {\n    // from 0xABCD\n    let source = 0xABCD;\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_addr_from_instruction(source), 0xBCD);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_nibble_from_instruction(source), 0xD);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_x_from_instruction(source), 0xB);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_y_from_instruction(source), 0xC);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_byte_from_instruction(source), 0xCD);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_ubln() {\n    // from 0xABCD we should see B\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0xABCD), 0xB);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0x0123), 0x1);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0x0000), 0x0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_byte_to_bool_changes() {\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b00000000), [false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false]);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11111111), [true, true, true, true, true, true, true, true]);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11001100), [false, false, true, true, false, false, true, true]);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11110000), [false, false, false, false, true, true, true, true]);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false]), 0b00000000);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([true, true, true, true, true, true, true, true]), 0b11111111);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, true, true, false, false, true, true]), 0b11001100);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, false, false, true, true, true, true]), 0b11110000);\n}\n\n\nfn real_build_checkboard(in_hd: bool) -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    let mut r = Chip8Video::default();\n    let (width, height) = if in_hd {\n        r.set_highres();\n        (SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n    } else {\n        (CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n    };\n\n    println!(\"BUILDING BOARD WITH SIZE OF {width}x{height}\");\n\n    for row in 0..height {\n        let data_offset = row * width;\n\n        for col in 0..width {\n            // XOR row and column indices to alternate in a checkerboard pattern\n            let to_poke = (row % 2) ^ (col % 2) == 1;\n            let local_offset: u16 = (data_offset + col) as u16;\n\n            r.poke(local_offset, to_poke);\n        }\n    }\n    r\n}\n\nfn build_checkboard_hd() -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    real_build_checkboard(true)\n}\n\nfn build_checkerboard() -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    real_build_checkboard(false)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_default_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.clone().peek(i as u16));\n        // then flip the value and test again.\n        \u0026x.poke(i as u16, true);\n        assert!(x.clone().peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_set_initial_memory_sd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    // let mut initial_memory = [false; CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY];\n    let mut ws = String::new();\n    // set our checkerboard\n    for cbr in 0..32 {\n        for cbc in 0..64 {\n            let dof = cbr * 64 + cbc;\n            if (dof as i32 % 2) == 0 {\n                x.poke(dof, true);\n                ws += \"*\";\n            } else {\n                ws += \" \";\n            }\n        }\n        ws += \"\\n\";\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.format_as_string(), ws);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_byte_test() {\n    let to_poke = 0b11001111;\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x05, to_poke);\n    let mut expected = String::new();\n    expected = \"     **  ****                                                   \\n\".to_string();\n    for i in 0..31 {\n        expected += \u0026*(\" \".repeat(64) + \"\\n\");\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.format_as_string(), expected);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_2byte_test() {\n    let to_poke: [u8; 2] = [\n        0b11001111,\n        0b00111100\n    ];\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_2byte(0x00, to_poke);\n\n    let mut expected = String::new();\n    expected = \"**  ****  ****  \".to_string() + \u0026*\" \".repeat(64 - 16).to_string() + \"\\n\";\n    for i in 0..31 {\n        expected += \u0026*((\u0026*\" \".repeat(64)).to_string() + \"\\n\");\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(expected, x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_multirow_2_byte_sprite() {\n    // take 2 rows of 16bits and write them to memory\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_cls_stddef() {\n    let width = 64;\n    let height = 32;\n    let mut initial_memory = vec![];\n    let mut ws = String::new();\n    let mut set_x = Chip8Video::new(initial_memory.into());\n    for cbr in 0..32 {\n        ws += \u0026*\" \".repeat(width);\n        ws += \"\\n\";\n    }\n    set_x.cls();\n\n    assert_eq!(set_x.format_as_string(), ws);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_byte_test_2() {\n    let to_poke = 0b10101010;\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    v.poke_byte(0x00, to_poke);\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x00));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x01));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x02));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x03));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x04));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x05));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x06));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x07));\n    for i in 0x8..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_multi_line_test() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    let to_poke = [\n        0b00000000,\n        0b11111111,\n        0b10101010,\n        0b01010101\n    ];\n\n    for (byte_in_set, byte_to_poke) in to_poke.iter().enumerate() {\n        let base_offset = byte_in_set * 64;\n        v.poke_byte(base_offset as u16, *byte_to_poke);\n    }\n\n    // row 2 column 1\n    {\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x40));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x41));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x42));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x43));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x44));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x45));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x46));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x47));\n\n        // row 3 column 1\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC0));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC1));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC2));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC3));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC4));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC5));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC6));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC7));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_moved_poke_test() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    let to_poke = [\n        0b00000000,\n        0b11111111,\n        0b10101010,\n        0b01010101\n    ];\n\n    let x_offset = 20;\n    let y_offset = 5;\n\n\n    for (byte_in_set, byte_to_poke) in to_poke.iter().enumerate() {\n        let base_offset = (x_offset + byte_in_set) * 64 + y_offset;\n        v.poke_byte(base_offset as u16, *byte_to_poke);\n    }\n\n    let test_offset = (x_offset * 64 + y_offset) as u16;\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 1));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 2));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 3));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 4));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 5));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 6));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 7));\n\n    let test_offset = test_offset + 0x40;\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 1));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 2));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 3));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 4));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 5));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 6));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 7));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_verify_change_registered() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    v.poke(0x01, true);\n    v.poke(0x01, true);\n    assert!(v.has_frame_changed);\n\n    v.start_frame();\n    assert!(!v.has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_write_checkboard() {\n    let mut v = build_checkerboard();\n    assert_eq!(v.clone().format_as_string(), read_test_result(\"test_video_write_checkerboard.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_zero_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    for (byte_index, data_offset) in (0..=0x100).step_by(0x40).enumerate() {\n        x.poke_byte(data_offset as u16, CHIP8FONT_0[byte_index]);\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_zero.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_multi_sprite_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    // draw a row of digits 01234567\n    let to_draw = [CHIP8FONT_0, CHIP8FONT_1, CHIP8FONT_2, CHIP8FONT_3, CHIP8FONT_4, CHIP8FONT_5, CHIP8FONT_6, CHIP8FONT_7];\n    for (index, sprite) in to_draw.iter().enumerate() {\n        let data_base_offset = index * 0x8;\n        for (index, offset) in (0..=0x100).step_by(0x40).enumerate() {\n            x.poke_byte((data_base_offset + offset) as u16, sprite[index]);\n        }\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_multi_sprite.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_reset_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.reset();\n    assert_eq!(x.format_as_string(), read_test_result(\"test_reset_clears_video.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_collision_test() {\n    // Setup: Set 0xFF to 0x00 with a new frame ready\n    // Action: Run Poke to the same area\n    // Test: Verify the 'changed' flag is tripped\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0xff);\n    x.tick();\n    // set the cell thats already set...\n    x.poke(0x00, true);\n    // it becomes unset and theres a frame changed\n    assert_eq!(false, x.peek(0x00));\n\n    assert_eq!(true, x.clone().has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_collision_test2() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0b11110000);\n    assert_eq!(true, x.has_frame_changed);\n    x.tick();\n    assert_eq!(false, x.has_frame_changed);\n    // clear the 'has changed' flag\n\n    // now set a no-collision value\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0b00001111);\n    assert_eq!(true, x.has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_peek_out_of_bounds_doesnt_panic() {\n    let x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    let y = x.clone().peek(2049);\n    let y = x.clone().peek(0);\n\n    // if we got here we didn't panic\n    assert!(true);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_1_row_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_down(1);\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_1.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_10_row_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_down(10);\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_10.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_high_res_has_right_resolution() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    println!(\"[{}]\", x.format_as_string());\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_highdef.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_1_row_test_schip() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_down(1);\n\n    println!(\"[{}]\", x.format_as_string());\n    println!(\"[{}]\", read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_1_hd.asc\"));\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_1_hd.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_10_row_test_schip() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_down(10);\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_10_hd.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_left_4_row_test_std_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_left();\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_left_4_row_test_high_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_left();\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4_hd.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_right_4_row_test_std_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_right();\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_right_4_row_test_high_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_right();\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4_hd.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\nstruct InstructionTest {\n    name: String,\n    instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions,\n    operands: String,\n    asm: String,\n    encoded: u16,\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instructions_name_tests() {\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x0000).name(), INST_SYS);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x0, 0x1).name(), INST_ADD);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0x0).name(), INST_ADDI);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).name(), INST_ADDR);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(0x01, 0x02).name(), INST_AND);\n\n    let it = vec![\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SYS.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x123),\n            operands: \"0x0123\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SYS 0x0123\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x0123\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_CLS.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS,\n            asm: \"CLS\".to_string(),\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00E0\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_RET.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::RET,\n            asm: \"RET\".to_string(),\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00ee\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPA.to_string(),\n            instruction: JPA(0x234),\n            asm: \"JPA 0x0234\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xb234,\n            operands: \"0x0234\".to_string(),\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_CALL.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x123),\n            asm: \"CALL 0x0123\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x2123,\n            operands: \"0x0123\".to_string()\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_DRW.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(0x01, 0x02, 0x03),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0x02, 0x03\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"DRW 0x01, 0x02, 0x03\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xd123\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPI.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x321),\n            operands: \"0x0321\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"JPI 0x0321\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xb321\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SDN.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SDN 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00c1\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SRT.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SRT\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FB\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SLF.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SLF\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FC,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_EXIT.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"EXIT\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FD,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_DIS.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"DIS\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FE,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ENA.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ENA\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FF,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SEX.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x01, 0xfa),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xfa\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SEX 0x01, 0xfa\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x32fa,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SNEB.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x01, 0xab),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SNEB 0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x41ab,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SEY.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SEY 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x5120\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(0xa, 0xbe),\n            operands: \"0x0a, 0xbe\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDR 0x0a, 0xbe\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x6abe,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADD.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x01, 0xab),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ADD 0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x71ab\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRY.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRY 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8120,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_OR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"OR 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8121\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_AND.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(0xb, 0xc),\n            operands: \"0xb, 0xc\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"AND 0xb, 0xc\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8bc2,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ORY.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(0xa, 0x3),\n            operands: \"0xa, 0x3\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ORY 0xa, 0x3\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8a33\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADDR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ADDR 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8124\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SUB.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x4, 0x5),\n            operands: \"0x4, 0x5\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SUB 0x4, 0x5\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8455\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SHR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x01, 0x1),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x1\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SHR 0x1, 0x1\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8116,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SUBC.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0xf, 0xa),\n            operands: \"0xf, 0xa\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SUBC 0xf, 0xa\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8fa7,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SHL.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x1, 0x4),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x4\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SHL 0x1, 0x4\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x814e,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SNEY.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0x4, 0x5),\n            operands: \"0x4, 0x5\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SNEY 0x4, 0x5\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x9450,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDIA.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0xbee),\n            operands: \"0x0bee\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDIA 0x0bee\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x9bee\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPI.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0xfee),\n            operands: \"0x0fee\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"JPI 0x0fee\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xbfee\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_RND.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x1, 0xae),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xae\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"RND 0x01, 0xae\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xc1ae,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_DRW.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(0x1, 0x2, 0xf),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0x02, 0x0f\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"DRW 0x01, 0x02, 0x0f\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xd12f\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SKP.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x4),\n            operands: \"0x04\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SKP 0x04\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xe49e,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SKNP.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x3),\n            operands: \"0x03\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SKNP 0x03\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x83a1\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRD.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x4),\n            operands: \"0x04\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRD 0x04\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF407\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRK.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x6),\n            operands: \"0x06\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRK 0x06\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF60A\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDD.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x02),\n            operands: \"0x02\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDD 0x02\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF215,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRI.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRI 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF118,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_BCD.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(0x4),\n            operands: \"0x04\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"BCD 0x04\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF433,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDF.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0x5),\n            operands: \"0x05\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDF 0x05\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF529\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDF2.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(0x6),\n            operands: \"0x06\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDF2 0x06\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF630\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDIX.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(0x5),\n            operands: \"0x05\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDIX 0x05\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF555\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDIS.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(0xf),\n            operands: \"0x0f\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDIS 0x0f\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xFF18\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LIDR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(0x4),\n            operands: \"0x04\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LIDR 0x04\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF485,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_STR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(0xa),\n            operands: \"0x0a\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"STR 0x0a\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF000\n        }\n    ];\n\n    for current in it {\n        assert_eq!(current.instruction.name(), current.name);\n        let i = current.instruction;\n        assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(current.encoded), i));\n        assert_eq!(i.to_string(), current.asm);\n        let asm = Chip8CpuInstructions::from_str(\u0026current.asm);\n        assert_eq!(i.to_string(), asm.to_string());\n        assert_eq!(i.operands(), current.operands);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instructions_operands_tests() {\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x000).operands(), \"0x0000\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x123).operands(), \"0x0123\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0x234).operands(), \"0x0234\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x345).operands(), \"0x0345\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x456).operands(), \"0x0456\");\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_ena_dis_tests() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    assert!(!x.video_memory.is_highres());\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert!(x.video_memory.is_highres());\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert!(x.video_memory.is_highres());\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert!(!x.video_memory.is_highres());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_test_scrolling_lowres() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT.execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4.asc\"), x.dump_video_to_string());\n\n    x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF.execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4.asc\"), x.dump_video_to_string());\n\n    x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(0x01).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_1.asc\"), x.dump_video_to_string());\n\n    x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(0xA).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_10.asc\"), x.dump_video_to_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn computer_dump_keypad_to_string() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x1);\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x2);\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_keypad_to_string.asc\"), x.dump_keypad_to_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn computer_dump_registers_to_string() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let values_to_set = [0x0b, 0xad, 0xbe, 0xef,\n                                 0xca, 0xb0,\n                                 0x7a, 0xc0, 0xca, 0x70,\n                                 0xba, 0xdb, 0xed, 0x00,\n                                0x00, 0x00\n    ];\n    let expected_value = \"Vx: 0x0b 0xad 0xbe 0xef 0xca 0xb0 0x7a 0xc0\\n    0xca 0x70 0xba 0xdb 0xed 0x00 0x00 0x00\\nI: 0x0000\\tPC: 0x0200\";\n\n    for i in 0..16 {\n        x.registers.poke(i, values_to_set[i as usize]);\n    }\n\n    // now verify.\n    assert_eq!(expected_value, x.dump_registers_to_string());\n}\n\n//#[test]\nfn quirks_chip8_vf_reset_tests() {\n    // vF reset - The AND, OR and XOR opcodes (8xy1, 8xy2 and 8xy3) reset the flags\n    // register to zero. Test will show ERR1 if the AND and OR tests don't behave\n    // the same and ERR2 if the AND and XOR tests don't behave the same.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n}","traces":[{"line":18,"address":[322112],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":19,"address":[322149],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":570,"address":[322416,323301],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":571,"address":[322470],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":573,"address":[322484],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":574,"address":[322453],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":575,"address":[322492],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":576,"address":[322458],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":577,"address":[322463],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":578,"address":[322500],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":579,"address":[322570],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":580,"address":[322599],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":581,"address":[322615],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":582,"address":[322639],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":584,"address":[322722,322858],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":586,"address":[323007],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":957,"address":[324362,323328],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":958,"address":[323361],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":959,"address":[323376,323396,323593,323417],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":960,"address":[323398],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":961,"address":[323577],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":963,"address":[323380],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":966,"address":[323699],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":968,"address":[323946,323784],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":969,"address":[324014,323964],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":971,"address":[323989,324042],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":973,"address":[324144,324274],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":974,"address":[324261,324303,324336],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":976,"address":[324357,324314],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":979,"address":[323903],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":982,"address":[324384],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":983,"address":[324392],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":986,"address":[324416],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":987,"address":[324424],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":1749,"address":[324448],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":1753,"address":[324467],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":20,"coverable":36},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","gemmaegui.rs"],"content":"use std::path::PathBuf;\nuse std::time::Instant;\nuse crate::support::gemma_egui_support::{EGuiFileList, GemmaEguiSupport};\nuse crate::support::gemma_egui_state::GemmaEGuiState;\nuse eframe::egui;\nuse egui::{Key, Ui};\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\n\nmod support;\n\nconst LIN_KEYS: [[(Key, u8); 4]; 4] = [\n    [(Key::Num1, 0x01), (Key::Num2, 0x02), (Key::Num3, 0x03), (Key::Num4, 0x0c)],\n    [(Key::Q, 0x04), (Key::W, 0x05), (Key::E, 0x06), (Key::R, 0x0d)],\n    [(Key::A, 0x07), (Key::S, 0x08), (Key::D, 0x09), (Key::F, 0x0e)],\n    [(Key::Z, 0x0a), (Key::X, 0x00), (Key::C, 0x0b), (Key::V, 0x0F)]\n];\n\n#[derive(Default)]\nstruct DisplayOptions {\n    pub video: bool,\n    pub registers: bool,\n    pub memory: bool,\n}\npub struct GemmaViewerState {\n    pub selected_file_index: i32,\n    pub selected_filename: String,\n    pub display_options: DisplayOptions,\n}\n\nimpl Default for GemmaViewerState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        GemmaViewerState {\n            selected_file_index: -1,\n            selected_filename: String::new(),\n            display_options: Default::default(),\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl GemmaViewerState {\n    pub fn new() -\u003e GemmaViewerState {\n        GemmaViewerState {\n            ..Default::default()\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nfn main() -\u003e eframe::Result {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n\n    let mut computer = Chip8ComputerManager::new();\n    let mut state = GemmaViewerState::new();\n\n    let options = eframe::NativeOptions {\n        viewport: egui::ViewportBuilder::default().with_inner_size([320.0, 240.0]),\n        ..Default::default()\n    };\n\n    eframe::run_simple_native(\"EGUI Gemma\", options, move |ctx, _frame| {\n        catppuccin_egui::set_theme(\u0026ctx, catppuccin_egui::MOCHA);\n        egui::CentralPanel::default().show(ctx, |ui| {\n            let frame_start_time = Instant::now();\n\n            let local_computer = computer.state();\n            //if state.display_video {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::video_view(local_computer, ui);\n            // }\n\n            ui.heading(\"EGUI Gemma\");\n\n            //  if state.display_memory {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::memory_view(\u0026local_computer, ui);\n            //  }\n\n            //  if state.display_registers {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::registers_view(\u0026local_computer, ui);\n            //  }\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                if ui.button(\"Start\").clicked() {\n                    computer.start();\n                }\n                if ui.button(\"Step\").clicked() {\n                    computer.step();\n                }\n\n                if ui.button(\"Stop\").clicked() {\n                    computer.stop();\n                    //     state.is_running = false;\n                }\n                if ui.button(\"Reset\").clicked() {\n                    computer.reset();\n                    //   state.is_running = false;\n                }\n            });\n\n            if ui.button(format!(\"Load {}\", state.selected_filename)).clicked() {\n               // println!(\"Should load the bin now\");\n                let read_bin = std::fs::read(PathBuf::from(format!(\"resources/roms/{}\", state.selected_filename))).unwrap();\n                computer.load_bytes_to_system_memory(read_bin);\n            };\n            EGuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(\"resources/roms\"), \u0026mut state.selected_filename, ui);\n            let input = ctx.input(|input| {\n                // loop through the keys we are checking...\n                for row in LIN_KEYS {\n                    for (keyboard_key, keypad_key) in row {\n                        if input.key_pressed(keyboard_key) {\n                            computer.press_key(keypad_key);\n                           // println!(\"KEY {keypad_key:02x} DOWN\");\n                        } else {\n                            // release it if the user just did\n                            if computer.is_key_pressed(keypad_key) {\n                                computer.release_key(keypad_key);\n                            //    println!(\"KEY {keypad_key:02x} up\");\n                            }\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n            });\n\n            // run our target number of ticks in the amount of available time.\n            let time_consumed = Instant::now().duration_since(frame_start_time).as_millis();\n            let mut num_ticks = 0;\n            while num_ticks \u003c 1000 {\n                computer.tick();\n                num_ticks += 1;\n            }\n            ctx.request_repaint();\n        });\n    })\n}\n","traces":[{"line":32,"address":[3199832,3199664],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[3199683],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[3199745,3199688],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[3199856],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3199952,3201026,3200995],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[3199999],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[3200063],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[3200093],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[3200202,3200157],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[3157424],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[3157457],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3159257,3157509,3157616],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[3157641],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[3157684],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[3157706],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[3157721],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[3157767],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[3157782],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[3159296,3157901,3160195],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[3159435,3159321],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[3159510],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":83,"address":[3159526,3159649],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":84,"address":[3159733],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[3159872,3159749],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":88,"address":[3159956],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[3159972,3160095],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[3160176],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":97,"address":[3158032,3158257,3158376,3158122],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[3158468,3158558,3158688],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":100,"address":[3158951],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[3158968],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[3159031,3157633,3160224,3160882],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[3160473,3160406,3160249],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[3160489,3160733,3160663],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[3160725,3160761],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[3160817,3160877],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":112,"address":[3160790,3160840],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":113,"address":[3160853],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":122,"address":[3159043],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":123,"address":[3159142],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":124,"address":[3159239,3159153],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":125,"address":[3159201],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":126,"address":[3159241,3159210],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":128,"address":[3159171],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":44},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_state.rs"],"content":"use std::ops::Range;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\n\npub struct GemmaEGuiState {\n    pub display_video: bool,\n    pub display_memory: bool,\n    pub display_registers: bool,\n    pub memory_view: Range\u003ci32\u003e,\n    pub computer: Chip8ComputerManager,\n    pub selected_rom_filename: String\n}\n\nimpl Default for GemmaEGuiState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            display_video: true,\n            display_memory: true,\n            display_registers: true,\n            memory_view: 0x00..0x200,\n            computer: Chip8ComputerManager::new(),\n            selected_rom_filename: String::new()\n        }\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[3182383,3182160],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[3182191],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[3182213],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":3},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_support.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::read_dir;\nuse std::ops::Index;\nuse std::path::{Display, PathBuf};\nuse std::thread;\nuse std::time::Duration;\nuse egui::{Align, Color32, ComboBox, Direction, Pos2, Response, TextBuffer};\nuse egui::Rect;\nuse egui::Vec2;\nuse egui::Ui;\nuse egui::WidgetType::SelectableLabel;\nuse crate::Chip8Computer;\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: f32 = 5.0;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: f32 = 5.0;\n\npub struct EGuiFileList {}\nimpl EGuiFileList {\n    pub fn display_path(root: PathBuf, selected_filename: \u0026mut String, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let mut working_filename = selected_filename.clone();\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n           //  ui.label(format!(\"Displaying {}\", root.to_str().unwrap_or(\"Unable to Load Path\")));\n            ComboBox::from_label(\"Select ROM\")\n                .selected_text(selected_filename.clone())\n                .show_ui(ui, |ui| {\n\n                    let mut sorted_options = vec![];\n                    for option in read_dir(root.as_path()).unwrap() {\n                        let to_push = option.unwrap().file_name().into_string().unwrap_or( String::new());\n                        sorted_options.push(to_push);\n                    }\n\n                    sorted_options.sort();\n                    for item in sorted_options {\n                    // Add each option to the ComboBox\n                      if  ui.selectable_label(selected_filename.eq(\u0026item.as_str()), item.clone()).clicked()\n                        {\n                            *selected_filename = item;\n                        }\n                    }\n                });\n            // Display the selected option\n        });\n    }\n}\n\npub struct GemmaEguiSupport {}\n\nimpl GemmaEguiSupport {\n    pub fn controls_view(system: \u0026mut Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(Align::TOP), |ui| {\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_memory, \"Display Memory\");\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_video, \"Display Video\");\n         //   ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_registers, \"Display Registers\");\n        });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(format!(\"V0-7: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x00),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x01),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x02),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x03),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x04),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x05),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x06),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x07)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"V8-F: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x08),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x09),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0A),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0B),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0C),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0D),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0E),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0F)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"PC: {:04x}\\tI: {:04x}\", system.registers.peek_pc(), system.registers.peek_i()));\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let (_resp, painter) = ui.allocate_painter(Vec2::new(350.0, 165.0), egui::Sense::hover());\n        for current_row in 0..32 {\n            for current_col in 0..64 {\n                let data_offset = current_row * 64 + current_col;\n                let x_offset = current_col as f32 * CELL_WIDTH;\n                let y_offset = current_row as f32 * CELL_HEIGHT;\n                let origin = Pos2::new(x_offset, y_offset);\n                let colour = if system.video_memory.peek(data_offset) {\n                    Color32::RED\n                } else {\n                    Color32::WHITE\n                };\n                let rect = Rect::from_min_size(origin, Vec2::new(CELL_WIDTH, CELL_HEIGHT));\n                painter.rect_filled(rect, 0.0, colour);\n                // println!(\"Cell {current_col}x{current_row} at {}x{} -\u003e {}\",\n                //          origin.x, origin.y,\n                //          system.video_memory.peek(data_offset));\n            }\n        }\n    //    thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));\n    }\n\n    pub fn memory_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(\"Memory View\");\n\n        for i in (0..=0x200).step_by(16) {\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                for y in 0..16 {\n                    ui.label(format!(\"{:02x}\", system.memory.peek((i + y) as u16)).as_str());\n                }\n            });\n        }\n        ui.label(\"Should have **something** to adjust the 'memory window'\");\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":18,"address":[3164097,3163664],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[3163694],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[3163925],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3186846,3186780,3186670],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[3186828,3186715,3186896],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[3186928,3189140,3188719,3186836],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[3186964],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3187125,3189091,3187523,3187490,3187021,3187351],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3189118,3188750],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3189016],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[3187765],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[3188039,3187989,3188695,3187799],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[3188189,3188682,3188390,3188079],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[3188501],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3164128],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[3164247],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[3164368],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[3167408,3167640,3167176,3168020,3166248,3166712,3165528,3166016,3166480,3166944],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[3164416],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[3164553],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3164693],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[3164833],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[3164973],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[3165113],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":66,"address":[3165253],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[3165393],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[3170586,3170818,3170122,3169890,3171282,3171662,3171050,3169658,3169170,3170354],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[3168055],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":71,"address":[3168195],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[3168335],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[3168475],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[3168615],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[3168755],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[3168895],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[3169035],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[3172498,3172681,3171970,3171703,3172266,3171839],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[3172736,3174124],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":83,"address":[3172791],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":84,"address":[3173289,3173185,3173103],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[3173310,3173408],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[3173523,3173692],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[3173612],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":88,"address":[3173646],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[3173732],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[3173809,3173768],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[3173811],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[3173796],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[3174038],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[3174160],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[3174192],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[3174438,3174226],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":109,"address":[3174551],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[3189230,3189288],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[3189429,3189859,3189299,3189677],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":115,"address":[3174381],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":55},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","mod.rs"],"content":"pub mod gemma_egui_state;\npub mod gemma_egui_support;\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","gemmaimgui.rs"],"content":"use std::default::Default;\nuse std::fs::DirEntry;\nuse std::time::Instant;\nuse gemma::{\n    chip8::computer::Chip8Computer,\n    constants::{CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT, CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH},\n};\nuse imgui::*;\nuse sys::{ImColor, ImVec2, ImVector_ImU32};\nuse rand::random;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\nuse gemma::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction;\nuse gemma::chip8::system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory;\nuse support::{emmagui_support::GemmaImguiSupport, ui_state::ImGuiUiState};\nuse clap::{Parser, Subcommand};\nuse gemma::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode;\nuse gemma::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode::Chip8;\n\n\nmod support;\n\n/// Keypad Mappings for my Linux box\n/// 1 2 3 C\n/// 4 5 6 D\n/// 7 8 9 E\n/// A 0 B F\n\nconst LIN_KEYS: [(u16, u8); 0x10] = [(537, 0x01),(538, 0x02),(539, 0x03),(540, 0x0c),\n                              (562, 0x04),(568, 0x05),(550, 0x06),(563, 0x0d),\n                              (546, 7),(564, 8),(549, 9),(551, 0xe),\n                              (571, 0xa),(569, 0),(548, 0xb),(567, 0xf)];\n\nfn main() {\n    pretty_env_logger::init();\n\n    let mut system = Chip8ComputerManager::default();\n    let mut ui_state = ImGuiUiState::default();\n    let target_ips = ui_state.target_ips;\n\n    support::simple_init(file!(), move |_, ui| {\n        let current_time = Instant::now();\n        let mut num_cycles = 0;\n\n        // Key Checks\n        let down_keys = ui.io().keys_down;\n\n        // START DEBUG CODE TO DISPLAY WHAT KEYS WE TRAPPED\n        for (idx, val) in down_keys.iter().enumerate() {\n            if *val {\n                println!(\"{idx} = {val}\");\n            }\n        }\n        // END DEBUG CODE\n\n        for (key_code, key_reg) in LIN_KEYS {\n            if down_keys[key_code as usize] {\n                system.press_key(key_reg);\n                system.wait_for_instruction();\n            } else {\n                // do we need to release it?\n\n                if system.is_key_pressed(key_reg) {\n                    system.release_key(key_reg);\n                }\n            }\n        }\n\n        let target_ms = ui_state.frame_time;\n        let loop_start_time = Instant::now();\n        while Instant::now().duration_since(current_time).as_millis() \u003c target_ms as u128 \u0026\u0026 num_cycles \u003c target_ips {\n            if system.tick() {\n                num_cycles += 1;\n            }\n        }\n        let cycles_time = Instant::now().duration_since(loop_start_time);\n        if num_cycles \u003e 0 {\n            println!(\"Ran for {}ms and executed {}/{} cycles.\", cycles_time.as_millis(), num_cycles, target_ips);\n        }\n        // GUI Parts\n        if ui_state.show_video {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::video_display(\u0026system.state(), \u0026ui_state, ui);\n        }\n\n        GemmaImguiSupport::system_controls(\u0026mut system, \u0026mut ui_state, ui);\n\n        if ui_state.show_registers {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::registers_view(\u0026system.state(), ui);\n        }\n\n        if ui_state.show_memory {\n            let active_instruction = system.state().registers.peek_pc();\n            GemmaImguiSupport::hex_memory_display(system.state().memory.clone(), (0x100, 0x10), active_instruction as i16, ui);\n        }\n\n        if ui_state.show_keypad {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::keypad_display(\u0026system.state(), ui);\n        }\n    });\n}\n","traces":[{"line":33,"address":[4072940,4072608,4072911],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[4072645],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[4072662],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[4072692],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[4072740],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":40,"address":[4072758],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[4175144],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[4175179],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[4175187],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[4175453,4175218],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[4175485],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[4177245],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[4175704,4175572,4175379,4175515],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[4176852,4175738],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[4176927],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[4176987],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[4176900,4176945],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[4176963],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[4175655],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[4175672],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[4175763,4175941],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":71,"address":[4175958,4176826],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[4176803,4176831],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[4175863],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[4175927],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[4176340,4176008,4176248],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[4175982],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[4176530],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":84,"address":[4176494],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[4176514],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[4176597],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[4176581],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[4176652],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[4176692],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":95,"address":[4176636],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[4176769],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":36},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","support","emmagui_support.rs"],"content":"use std::ffi::OsString;\nuse gemma::constants::CHIP8_KEYBOARD;\nuse std::fs::{File, read_dir};\nuse std::io::Read;\nuse std::path::{Path, PathBuf};\nuse std::time::Duration;\nuse imgui::{Condition, ImColor32, Ui};\nuse log::debug;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::ManagerDumpables::{Keyboard, Registers, Video};\nuse gemma::chip8::keypad::Keypad;\nuse gemma::chip8::system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory;\nuse gemma::constants::{CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT, CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH};\nuse crate::ImGuiUiState;\nuse crate::support::gui_file_list::GuiFileList;\nuse super::ui_state;\n\nconst ROM_ROOT: \u0026str = \"/home/tmerritt/Projects/chip8_toy/resources/roms\";\n\npub struct GemmaImguiSupport {}\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: i32 = 5i32;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: i32 = 5i32;\n\nimpl GemmaImguiSupport {\n    pub fn keypad_display(system_to_display: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        ui.window(format!(\"Keypad\"))\n            .size([100.0, 100.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                for row in CHIP8_KEYBOARD {\n                    for key in row {\n                        let label = if system_to_display.keypad.pressed(key) {\n                            format!(\"*{:1x}*\", key)\n                        } else {\n                            format!(\"{:1x}\", key)\n                        };\n                        ui.text(format!(\"{}\", label));\n                        ui.same_line();\n                    }\n                    ui.text(\"\");\n                }\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_display(system_to_control: \u0026Chip8Computer, gui_state: \u0026ImGuiUiState, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        // draw area size\n        let (width, height) = system_to_control.video_memory.get_resolution();\n        let draw_area_size = ui.io().display_size;\n        //  println!(\"DRAW_AREA_SIZE = {}x{}\", draw_area_size[0], draw_area_size[1]);\n        let cell_width = ((draw_area_size[0] as i32 / width) * 6) / 10;\n        let cell_height = ((draw_area_size[1] as i32 / height) * 6) / 10;\n\n        ui.window(format!(\"Display {cell_width}x{cell_height}\"))\n            .size([300.0, 300.0], Condition::Once)\n            .build(|| {\n                let origin = ui.cursor_pos();\n                let fg = ui.get_window_draw_list();\n                if system_to_control.video_memory.is_highres() {\n                    // ui.text(\"High Def Video here\");\n                    for current_row in 0..=height {\n                        let y_offset = origin[1] as i32 + (current_row * cell_height);\n                        for current_column in 0..=width {\n                            let x_offset = origin[0] as i32 + (current_column * cell_width);\n                            let current_origin = [x_offset as f32, y_offset as f32];\n                            let current_limit = [(x_offset + cell_width) as f32, (y_offset + cell_height) as f32];\n                            let memory_offset = (current_row * width + current_column) as u16;\n                            let to_render = system_to_control.video_memory.peek(memory_offset);\n                            let color: ImColor32 = if to_render {\n                                gui_state.on_colour\n                            } else {\n                                gui_state.off_colour\n                            };\n                            fg.add_rect_filled_multicolor(current_origin, current_limit, color, color, color, color);\n                        }\n                    }\n                } else {\n                    for current_row in 0..height {\n                        let y_offset = origin[1] as i32 + (current_row * cell_height);\n                        for current_column in 0..width {\n                            let x_offset = origin[0] as i32 + (current_column * cell_width);\n                            let current_origin = [x_offset as f32, y_offset as f32];\n                            let current_limit = [(x_offset + cell_width) as f32, (y_offset + cell_height) as f32];\n                            let memory_offset = (current_row * width + current_column) as u16;\n                            let to_render = system_to_control.video_memory.peek(memory_offset);\n                            let color: ImColor32 = if to_render {\n                                gui_state.on_colour\n                            } else {\n                                gui_state.off_colour\n                            };\n                            fg.add_rect_filled_multicolor(current_origin, current_limit, color, color, color, color);\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n            });\n    }\n    pub fn system_controls(system_to_control: \u0026mut Chip8ComputerManager, gui_state: \u0026mut ImGuiUiState, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        // let mut state: Chip8Computer = system_to_control;\n        ui.window(\"!!!! CONTROLS !!!!\")\n            .size([345.0, 200.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                /* System Step Counter */\n                ui.text(format!(\"Step {:04x}\", system_to_control.num_cycles()).as_str());\n\n                /* ROM Lister */\n                let new_filename = GuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(ROM_ROOT), \u0026gui_state.filename_to_load, ui);\n                if !new_filename.is_empty() {\n                    if new_filename != gui_state.filename_to_load {\n                        debug!(\"NEW FILENAME SELECTED -\u003e {new_filename}\");\n                        gui_state.filename_to_load = new_filename;\n                    }\n                    if ui.button(\"Load Program\") {\n                        let mut buffer = Vec::new();\n                        debug!(\"PREPARING TO LOAD {}\", gui_state.filename_to_load);\n                        // let mut input_file = File::open(Path::new(\"./1-chip8-logo.ch8\")).expect(\"put 1-chip8-logo.ch8 in this directory\");\n                        let mut input_file = File::open(Path::new(\u0026(ROM_ROOT.to_string() + \"/\" + \u0026gui_state.filename_to_load))).expect(\"put 1-chip8-logo.ch8 in this directory\");\n                        input_file.read_to_end(\u0026mut buffer).expect(\"unable to read file\");\n                        system_to_control.load_bytes_to_system_memory((\u0026*buffer).into());\n                    }\n                }\n                ui.separator();\n                // if the system has no program loaded hide the buttons.\n                if system_to_control.state().memory.peek(0x200) != 0x00 {\n                    if ui.button(\"Step\") {\n                        system_to_control.step();\n                    };\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    if ui.button(\"Run\") {\n                        system_to_control.start();\n                    }\n                }\n                ui.same_line();\n                if ui.button(\"Stop\") {\n                    system_to_control.stop();\n                }\n                ui.same_line();\n                if ui.button(\"Reset\") {\n                    system_to_control.reset();\n                }\n                if ui.button(\"Dump Video Memory\") {\n                    println!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Video));\n                }\n                ui.same_line();\n                if ui.button(\"Dump Keypad State\") {\n                    debug!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Keyboard));\n                }\n                ui.same_line();\n                if ui.button(\"Dump Registers\") {\n                    debug!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Registers));\n                }\n                ui.separator();\n\n                ui.checkbox(\"Show Memory\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_memory);\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.checkbox(\"Show Video\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_video);\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.checkbox(\"Show Registers\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_registers);\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        ui.window(\"Registers\")\n            .size([400.0, 500.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                ui.text(\"Registers\");\n                for i in 1..0x10 {\n                    ui.text(format!(\"V{:X}: {}\", i, system.registers.peek(i)));\n                    if i != 7 {\n                        ui.same_line();\n                    }\n                }\n                ui.text(\"\");\n                ui.text(format!(\"I: {:03X}\", system.registers.peek_i()));\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.text(format!(\"ST: {:02X}\", system.sound_timer.current()));\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.text(format!(\"DT: {:02X}\", system.delay_timer.current()));\n                ui.text(format!(\"PC: {:02X}\", system.registers.peek_pc()));\n                ui.text(format!(\"SP: {:02X}\", system.stack.depth()));\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn hex_memory_display(bytes: Chip8SystemMemory, position: (i32, i32), active: i16, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        let rows = position.0;\n        let cols = position.1;\n        ui.window(\"System Memory\")\n            .size([400.0, 300.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                    let mut current_x_hover: i32 = 0;\n                    let mut current_y_hover: i32 = 0;\n                    // display a block of data\n                    for current_row in 0..rows {\n                        ui.text(format!(\"{:02x}\", current_row * cols));\n                        ui.same_line();\n                        for current_column in 0..cols {\n                            let data_offset = current_row * cols + current_column;\n                            let formatted_text = format!(\"{:02x}\", bytes.peek(data_offset as u16));\n                            let text_location = ui.cursor_screen_pos();\n                            let text_size = ui.calc_text_size(formatted_text.clone());\n                            let bounding_box = imgui::sys::ImVec2 {\n                                x: text_location[0] + text_size[0],\n                                y: text_location[1] + text_size[1],\n                            };\n\n                            let hovering = ui.is_mouse_hovering_rect(text_location, [bounding_box.x, bounding_box.y]);\n                            let is_active = data_offset == active as i32;\n\n                            ui.text_colored(if hovering {\n                                [0., 1., 1., 1.]\n                            } else if is_active {\n                                [1., 0., 1., 1.]\n                            } else {\n                                [1., 1., 0., 1.]\n                            }, formatted_text.clone());\n\n                            // if we are hovering show that at the bottom...\n                            if hovering {\n                                // Optionally change the text color to indicate it's interactable\n                                current_x_hover = current_column;\n                                current_y_hover = current_row;\n\n                                // Check if the left mouse button is clicked while hovering over the text\n                                if ui.is_mouse_clicked(imgui::MouseButton::Left) {\n                                    debug!(\"Offset: [{}] [0x{:02x}] Value: [{}]\", data_offset, data_offset, formatted_text.clone());\n                                    // Perform any action here, e.g., call a function, trigger an event, etc.\n                                }\n                            }\n\n                            // are we on the same line?\n                            if current_column != (cols - 1) {\n                                ui.same_line();\n                            }\n                        }\n                    }\n                    ui.text(format!(\"Offset 0x{:03x}\", current_x_hover * cols + current_y_hover));\n            });\n    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std::ffi::OsString;\nuse std::fs::read_dir;\nuse std::path::PathBuf;\nuse imgui::Ui;\nuse log::debug;\n\npub struct GuiFileList {}\n\nimpl GuiFileList {\n    pub fn display_path(root: PathBuf, selected_filename: \u0026String, ui: \u0026Ui) -\u003e String {\n        let mut working_filename = selected_filename.clone();\n        ui.text(format!(\"Displaying {}\", root.to_str().unwrap_or(\"Unable to parse path\")));\n\n        let mut known_files: Vec\u003cOsString\u003e = vec![];\n\n        for entry in read_dir(root.as_path()).unwrap() {\n            known_files.push(entry.unwrap().file_name());\n        }\n\n        known_files.sort();\n\n        for (index, entry) in known_files.iter().enumerate() {\n            let mut working_select = ui.selectable_config(format!(\"{}\", entry.clone().into_string().unwrap()));\n            if entry.to_str().unwrap().to_string() == selected_filename.as_str().to_string() {\n                working_select = working_select.selected(true);\n            }\n            if working_select.build() {\n                debug!(\"SELECTED {index} / {entry:?}\");\n                working_filename = entry.clone().into_string().unwrap();\n            };\n        }\n        working_filename\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":10,"address":[3557597,3557436,3553120],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":11,"address":[3553281,3553194],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":12,"address":[3553366,3553289,3553586,3553723],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":14,"address":[3553730],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":16,"address":[3553912,3554315,3554344,3553757,3554156],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[3557463],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[3554592],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3554966,3556448,3554638],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[3554998,3555075,3555719,3555419],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[3555734,3556425,3555974,3555830,3556288],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[3556307],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3556434,3556210,3557431],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3556842,3556453,3556573],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3557047,3557273,3556505],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[3554916],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":15},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","support","mod.rs"],"content":"use glium::glutin::surface::WindowSurface;\nuse glium::{Display, Surface};\nuse imgui::{Context, FontConfig, FontGlyphRanges, FontSource, Ui};\nuse imgui_glium_renderer::Renderer;\nuse imgui_winit_support::winit::event::{Event, WindowEvent};\nuse imgui_winit_support::winit::event_loop::EventLoop;\nuse imgui_winit_support::winit::window::WindowBuilder;\nuse imgui_winit_support::{HiDpiMode, WinitPlatform};\nuse std::path::Path;\nuse std::time::Instant;\n\npub mod ui_state;\npub mod emmagui_support;\nmod gui_file_list;\n\nuse copypasta::{ClipboardContext, ClipboardProvider};\nuse imgui::ClipboardBackend;\n\npub struct ClipboardSupport(pub ClipboardContext);\n\npub fn clipboard_init() -\u003e Option\u003cClipboardSupport\u003e {\n    ClipboardContext::new().ok().map(ClipboardSupport)\n}\n\nimpl ClipboardBackend for ClipboardSupport {\n    fn get(\u0026mut self) -\u003e Option\u003cString\u003e {\n        self.0.get_contents().ok()\n    }\n    fn set(\u0026mut self, text: \u0026str) {\n        // ignore errors?\n        let _ = self.0.set_contents(text.to_owned());\n    }\n}\n\npub const FONT_SIZE: f32 = 13.0;\n\n#[allow(dead_code)] // annoyingly, RA yells that this is unusued\npub fn simple_init\u003cF: FnMut(\u0026mut bool, \u0026mut Ui) + 'static\u003e(title: \u0026str, run_ui: F) {\n    init_with_startup(title, |_, _, _| {}, run_ui);\n}\n\npub fn init_with_startup\u003cFInit, FUi\u003e(title: \u0026str, mut startup: FInit, mut run_ui: FUi)\nwhere\n    FInit: FnMut(\u0026mut Context, \u0026mut Renderer, \u0026Display\u003cWindowSurface\u003e) + 'static,\n    FUi: FnMut(\u0026mut bool, \u0026mut Ui) + 'static,\n{\n    let mut imgui = create_context();\n\n    let title = match Path::new(\u0026title).file_name() {\n        Some(file_name) =\u003e file_name.to_str().unwrap(),\n        None =\u003e title,\n    };\n    let event_loop = EventLoop::new().expect(\"Failed to create EventLoop\");\n\n    let builder = WindowBuilder::new()\n        .with_maximized(true)\n        .with_title(title);\n      //  .with_inner_size(LogicalSize::new(1024, 768));\n    let (window, display) = glium::backend::glutin::SimpleWindowBuilder::new()\n        .set_window_builder(builder)\n        .build(\u0026event_loop);\n    let mut renderer = Renderer::init(\u0026mut imgui, \u0026display).expect(\"Failed to initialize renderer\");\n\n    if let Some(backend) = clipboard_init() {\n        imgui.set_clipboard_backend(backend);\n    } else {\n        eprintln!(\"Failed to initialize clipboard\");\n    }\n\n    let mut platform = WinitPlatform::init(\u0026mut imgui);\n    {\n        let dpi_mode = if let Ok(factor) = std::env::var(\"IMGUI_EXAMPLE_FORCE_DPI_FACTOR\") {\n            // Allow forcing of HiDPI factor for debugging purposes\n            match factor.parse::\u003cf64\u003e() {\n                Ok(f) =\u003e HiDpiMode::Locked(f),\n                Err(e) =\u003e panic!(\"Invalid scaling factor: {}\", e),\n            }\n        } else {\n            HiDpiMode::Default\n        };\n\n        platform.attach_window(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, dpi_mode);\n    }\n\n    let mut last_frame = Instant::now();\n\n    startup(\u0026mut imgui, \u0026mut renderer, \u0026display);\n\n    event_loop\n        .run(move |event, window_target| match event {\n            Event::NewEvents(_) =\u003e {\n                let now = Instant::now();\n                imgui.io_mut().update_delta_time(now - last_frame);\n                last_frame = now;\n            }\n            Event::AboutToWait =\u003e {\n                platform\n                    .prepare_frame(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window)\n                    .expect(\"Failed to prepare frame\");\n                window.request_redraw();\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::RedrawRequested,\n                ..\n            } =\u003e {\n                let ui = imgui.frame();\n\n                let mut run = true;\n                run_ui(\u0026mut run, ui);\n                if !run {\n                    window_target.exit();\n                }\n\n                let mut target = display.draw();\n                target.clear_color_srgb(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);\n                platform.prepare_render(ui, \u0026window);\n                let draw_data = imgui.render();\n                renderer\n                    .render(\u0026mut target, draw_data)\n                    .expect(\"Rendering failed\");\n                target.finish().expect(\"Failed to swap buffers\");\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::Resized(new_size),\n                ..\n            } =\u003e {\n                if new_size.width \u003e 0 \u0026\u0026 new_size.height \u003e 0 {\n                    display.resize((new_size.width, new_size.height));\n                }\n                platform.handle_event(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, \u0026event);\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::CloseRequested,\n                ..\n            } =\u003e window_target.exit(),\n            event =\u003e {\n                platform.handle_event(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, \u0026event);\n            }\n        })\n        .expect(\"EventLoop error\");\n}\n\n/// Creates the imgui context\npub fn create_context() -\u003e imgui::Context {\n    let mut imgui = Context::create();\n    // Fixed font size. Note imgui_winit_support uses \"logical\n    // pixels\", which are physical pixels scaled by the devices\n    // scaling factor. Meaning, 13.0 pixels should look the same size\n    // on two different screens, and thus we do not need to scale this\n    // value (as the scaling is handled by winit)\n    imgui.fonts().add_font(\u0026[\n        FontSource::TtfData {\n            data: include_bytes!(\"../../../../resources/Roboto-Regular.ttf\"),\n            size_pixels: FONT_SIZE,\n            config: Some(FontConfig {\n                // As imgui-glium-renderer isn't gamma-correct with\n                // it's font rendering, we apply an arbitrary\n                // multiplier to make the font a bit \"heavier\". With\n                // default imgui-glow-renderer this is unnecessary.\n                rasterizer_multiply: 1.5,\n                // Oversampling font helps improve text rendering at\n                // expense of larger font atlas texture.\n                oversample_h: 4,\n                oversample_v: 4,\n                ..FontConfig::default()\n            }),\n        },\n        FontSource::TtfData {\n            data: include_bytes!(\"../../../../resources/mplus-1p-regular.ttf\"),\n            size_pixels: FONT_SIZE,\n            config: Some(FontConfig {\n                // Oversampling font helps improve text rendering at\n                // expense of larger font atlas texture.\n                oversample_h: 4,\n                oversample_v: 4,\n                // Range of glyphs to rasterize\n                glyph_ranges: FontGlyphRanges::japanese(),\n                ..FontConfig::default()\n            }),\n        },\n    ]);\n    imgui.set_ini_filename(None);\n\n    imgui\n}\n","traces":[{"line":21,"address":[3981264],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3981281],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[3981344],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3981363],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3981408],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[3981431],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[3443632,3445718,3446701],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3443859,3443952],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[3444260,3444074],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[3444415,3444458],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3444734,3444782],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[3445460,3445640],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[3447228],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[3447343],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":97,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":100,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":109,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":114,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":115,"address":[3447715],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":117,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":118,"address":[3447885],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":120,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":121,"address":[3447949],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":123,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":124,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":125,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":126,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":127,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":128,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":130,"address":[3447582,3447478],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":132,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":133,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":134,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":136,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":137,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":144,"address":[3981488,3983036],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":145,"address":[3981505],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":151,"address":[3981529,3982630],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":152,"address":[3981928],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":155,"address":[3981605],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":165,"address":[3981586],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":168,"address":[3982496],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":171,"address":[3982181],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":177,"address":[3982062],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":178,"address":[3982147],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":182,"address":[3982975],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":184,"address":[3983008],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":85},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","support","ui_state.rs"],"content":"use std::time::Instant;\nuse imgui::ImColor32;\n\npub struct ImGuiUiState {\n    pub show_registers: bool,\n    pub show_memory: bool,\n    pub show_video: bool,\n    pub show_keypad: bool,\n    pub filename_to_load: String,\n    pub on_colour: ImColor32,\n    pub off_colour: ImColor32,\n    pub is_running: bool,\n    pub frame_time: u32,\n    pub last_frame_instant: Instant,\n    pub target_ips: i32\n}\n\nimpl Clone for ImGuiUiState {\n    fn clone(\u0026self) -\u003e Self {\n        ImGuiUiState {\n            show_registers: self.show_registers,\n            show_memory: self.show_memory,\n            show_video: self.show_video,\n            show_keypad: self.show_keypad,\n            filename_to_load: self.filename_to_load.to_string(),\n            on_colour: self.on_colour,\n            off_colour: self.off_colour,\n            is_running: self.is_running,\n            frame_time: self.frame_time,\n            last_frame_instant: self.last_frame_instant,\n            target_ips: self.target_ips\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for ImGuiUiState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        ImGuiUiState {\n            show_registers: false,\n            show_memory: false,\n            show_video: true,\n            show_keypad: true,\n            filename_to_load: String::new(),\n            on_colour: ImColor32::from_rgb(0xff, 0xff, 0x00),\n            off_colour: ImColor32::from_rgb(0x00, 0xff, 0xff),\n            is_running: false,\n            frame_time: 16,\n            last_frame_instant: Instant::now(),\n            target_ips: 20\n        }\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":19,"address":[3461536],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[3461565],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3461569],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[3461573],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[3461577],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[3461580],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[3461604],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3461608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3461612],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3461616],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[3461620],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[3461627],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[3461728,3461954],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[3461747],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[3461759],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[3461814],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[3461827],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":17},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","gemmasdl2.rs"],"content":"mod support;\nuse std::{sync::Arc, time::Instant};\nuse anyhow::Context;\nuse egui::TextBuffer;\nuse egui_glow::glow::{HasContext, COLOR_BUFFER_BIT};\nuse egui_sdl2_platform::sdl2;\nuse sdl2::event::{Event, WindowEvent};\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse support::timestep::TimeStep;\nuse crate::support::gemma_egui_support::GemmaEguiSupport;\n\nconst SCREEN_WIDTH: u32 = 800;\nconst SCREEN_HEIGHT: u32 = 480;\n\nasync fn run() -\u003e anyhow::Result\u003cString\u003e {\n    // Initialize SDL2 and video subsystem\n    let sdl = sdl2::init().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to create SDL context: {}\", e))?;\n    let mut video = sdl.video().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to initialize SDL video subsystem: {}\", e))?;\n\n    // Create SDL2 window and OpenGL context\n    let window = video.window(\"Window\", SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT)\n        .opengl()\n        .position_centered()\n        .build()?;\n    let _gl_context = window.gl_create_context().expect(\"Failed to create GL context\");\n\n    // Load OpenGL functions\n    let gl = unsafe {\n        egui_glow::painter::Context::from_loader_function(|name| {\n            video.gl_get_proc_address(name) as *const _\n        })\n    };\n    let mut painter = egui_glow::Painter::new(Arc::new(gl), \"\", None)?;\n\n    // Setup Egui and SDL2 platform\n    let mut platform = egui_sdl2_platform::Platform::new(window.size())?;\n    let mut event_pump = sdl.event_pump().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to get SDL event pump: {}\", e))?;\n\n    // Initial settings\n    let mut color = [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]; // Background color\n    let start_time = Instant::now();\n    let mut timestep = TimeStep::new();\n\n    let mut computer = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let mut is_running: bool = false;\n    computer.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026std::fs::read(\"resources/roms/3-corax+.ch8\")?);\n\n    // Main loop\n    'main: loop {\n        // Update the Egui platform with the current time\n        platform.update_time(start_time.elapsed().as_secs_f64());\n\n        // Begin Egui frame\n        let ctx = platform.context();\n\n        if is_running {\n            computer.step_system();\n        }\n\n        egui::Window::new(\"Hello, world!\").show(\u0026ctx, |ui| {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::video_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n            GemmaEguiSupport::memory_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n            GemmaEguiSupport::registers_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n        });\n\n        // Process Egui frame\n        let full_output = platform.end_frame(\u0026mut video)?;\n        let paint_jobs = platform.tessellate(\u0026full_output);\n\n        // Clear the screen with the current color\n        unsafe {\n            painter.gl().clear_color(color[0], color[1], color[2], 1.0);\n            painter.gl().clear(COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);\n        }\n\n        // Paint Egui outputs and update textures\n        let size = window.size();\n        painter.paint_and_update_textures([size.0, size.1], 1.0, paint_jobs.as_slice(), \u0026full_output.textures_delta);\n        window.gl_swap_window();\n\n        // Run the timestep logic\n        timestep.run_this(|_| {});\n\n        // Handle SDL2 events\n        for event in event_pump.poll_iter() {\n            match event {\n                Event::Quit { .. }\n                | Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::Escape), .. } =\u003e break 'main,\n                Event::Window { window_id, win_event, .. } if window_id == window.id() =\u003e {\n                    if let WindowEvent::Close = win_event {\n                        break 'main;\n                    }\n                }\n                Event::KeyUp { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F3), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F3 -\u003e running\");\n                    is_running = true;\n                }\n                Event::KeyUp { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F4), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F4 -\u003e stopping\");\n                    is_running = false;\n                }\n                Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F5), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F5 -\u003e Step\");\n                    computer.step_system();\n                }\n                Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F6), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F6 -\u003e RESET\");\n                    computer.reset();\n                }\n                Event::ControllerButtonDown { which, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"PLAYER {which} DOWN\");\n                }\n                Event::ControllerButtonDown { button, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"BUTTON {:?}\", button);\n                }\n                Event::JoyButtonDown {button_idx, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"JoyButtonDown {}\", button_idx);\n                }\n                Event::JoyAxisMotion { which, axis_idx, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"JoyAxismotion {which} {axis_idx}\");\n                }\n                _ =\u003e platform.handle_event(\u0026event, \u0026sdl, \u0026video),\n            }\n        }\n\n        // Optionally log the frame rate\n        if let Some(fps) = timestep.frame_rate() {\n            println!(\"{:?} fps\", fps);\n        }\n\n        let num_js = sdl.joystick().unwrap().num_joysticks().unwrap();\n        println!(\"NUM JS = {num_js}\");\n    }\n\n    Ok((\"\").parse()?)\n}\n\nfn main() -\u003e anyhow::Result\u003c()\u003e {\n    pollster::block_on(run())?;\n    Ok(())\n}\n","traces":[{"line":15,"address":[738576],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[752649,745302,745491,752506,745385,752544,752773],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":18,"address":[745592,753077,745484,752504,752848,752953,745747],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[745908,745696,745832,746087],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[746164],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[746265,753152],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[753170],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[746324,746569,752423],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[746536,746871,752402,746692],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[746864,746972,747146,753184,753413,753289,752381],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":40,"address":[747076],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[747246,747120],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[747269],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[747276],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[747295],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":46,"address":[752341,747303,747378],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[747640],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[747756],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[747799],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[747836,747899],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[753488,747809,747933],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[753506],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[753520],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[753534],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[748183,747955],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[748156],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[748376,748268],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[748469],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[748535],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[748584],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[748692],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[753563,753552,748719],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[748726,748829],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[751798,750741,748877,750151],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[750648,750082],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[750700],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[751913],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":95,"address":[751886,751834],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[751905],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[751945],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[751918,751860],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":100,"address":[751937],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[751750],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[751712,750792],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[751731],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[751793],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[750821,751755],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[751774],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[750467],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[752224],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[750338],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":117,"address":[752150],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[750195],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":120,"address":[752060],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":122,"address":[750014,752298],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":127,"address":[748822,748937],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":128,"address":[749117],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":131,"address":[749110,749427,749740],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":132,"address":[749876],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[750924,750991],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":138,"address":[738592],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":139,"address":[738599,738768],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":140,"address":[738757],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":63},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_support.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::read_dir;\nuse std::ops::Index;\nuse std::path::{Display, PathBuf};\nuse std::thread;\nuse std::time::Duration;\nuse egui::{Align, Color32, ComboBox, Direction, Pos2, Response, TextBuffer};\nuse egui::Rect;\nuse egui::Vec2;\nuse egui::Ui;\nuse egui::WidgetType::SelectableLabel;\nuse crate::Chip8Computer;\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: f32 = 5.0;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: f32 = 5.0;\n\npub struct EGuiFileList {}\nimpl EGuiFileList {\n    pub fn display_path(root: PathBuf, selected_filename: \u0026mut String, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let mut working_filename = selected_filename.clone();\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n           //  ui.label(format!(\"Displaying {}\", root.to_str().unwrap_or(\"Unable to Load Path\")));\n            ComboBox::from_label(\"Select ROM\")\n                .selected_text(selected_filename.clone())\n                .show_ui(ui, |ui| {\n\n                    let mut sorted_options = vec![];\n                    for option in read_dir(root.as_path()).unwrap() {\n                        let to_push = option.unwrap().file_name().into_string().unwrap_or( String::new());\n                        sorted_options.push(to_push);\n                    }\n\n                    sorted_options.sort();\n                    for item in sorted_options {\n                    // Add each option to the ComboBox\n                      if  ui.selectable_label(selected_filename.eq(\u0026item.as_str()), item.clone()).clicked()\n                        {\n                            *selected_filename = item;\n                        }\n                    }\n                });\n            // Display the selected option\n        });\n    }\n}\n\npub struct GemmaEguiSupport {}\n\nimpl GemmaEguiSupport {\n    pub fn controls_view(mut system: \u0026mut Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n         ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n             if ui.button(\"Start\").clicked() {\n                 println!(\"Start\");\n          //       state.is_running = true;\n             }\n             if ui.button(\"Step\").clicked() {\n                 system.step_system();\n             }\n\n             if ui.button(\"Stop\").clicked() {\n                 println!(\"STOP\");\n            //     state.is_running = false;\n             }\n             if ui.button(\"Reset\").clicked() {\n                 system.reset();\n              //   state.is_running = false;\n             }\n         });\n\n     //       if ui.button(format!(\"Load {}\", state.selected_rom_filename)).clicked() {\n                // load the bin...\n       //         let read_bin = std::fs::read(PathBuf::from(format!(\"resources/roms/{}\", state.selected_rom_filename))).unwrap();\n                // ...then feed the system.\n       //         system.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026read_bin);\n       //         println!(\"Loaded {}\", state.selected_rom_filename);\n       //     }\n       //      EGuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(\"resources/roms\"), \u0026mut state.selected_rom_filename, ui);\n\n\n\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(Align::TOP), |ui| {\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_memory, \"Display Memory\");\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_video, \"Display Video\");\n         //   ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_registers, \"Display Registers\");\n        });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(format!(\"V0-7: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x00),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x01),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x02),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x03),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x04),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x05),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x06),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x07)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"V8-F: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x08),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x09),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0A),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0B),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0C),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0D),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0E),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0F)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"PC: {:04x}\\tI: {:04x}\", system.registers.peek_pc(), system.registers.peek_i()));\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let (_resp, painter) = ui.allocate_painter(Vec2::new(350.0, 165.0), egui::Sense::hover());\n        for current_row in 0..32 {\n            for current_col in 0..64 {\n                let data_offset = current_row * 64 + current_col;\n                let x_offset = current_col as f32 * CELL_WIDTH;\n                let y_offset = current_row as f32 * CELL_HEIGHT;\n                let origin = Pos2::new(x_offset, y_offset);\n                let colour = if system.video_memory.peek(data_offset) {\n                    Color32::RED\n                } else {\n                    Color32::WHITE\n                };\n                let rect = Rect::from_min_size(origin, Vec2::new(CELL_WIDTH, CELL_HEIGHT));\n                painter.rect_filled(rect, 0.0, colour);\n                // println!(\"Cell {current_col}x{current_row} at {}x{} -\u003e {}\",\n                //          origin.x, origin.y,\n                //          system.video_memory.peek(data_offset));\n            }\n        }\n    //    thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));\n    }\n\n    pub fn memory_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(\"Memory View\");\n\n        for i in (0..=0x200).step_by(16) {\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                for y in 0..16 {\n                    ui.label(format!(\"{:02x}\", system.memory.peek((i + y) as u16)).as_str());\n                }\n            });\n        }\n        ui.label(\"Should have **something** to adjust the 'memory window'\");\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":18,"address":[787872,788303],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[787902],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[788131],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[810765,810875,810940],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[810922,810990,810810],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[811024,812807,813212,810930],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[811060],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[813167,811582,811221,811447,811611,811117],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[812838,813202],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[813096],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[811853],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[812127,812783,811887,812077],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[812277,812167,812478,812770],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[812589],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[788336],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[788466],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[813384,813273],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[813459],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[813499,813622],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[813706],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[813722,813845],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[813929],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[813969,814092],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[814173],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[788681],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[788816],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":88,"address":[790696,790464,791856,792465,791392,792088,791624,791160,789976,790928],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[788864],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[789001],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[789141],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[789281],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[789421],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[789561],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":95,"address":[789701],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[789841],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[794332,794564,795260,794796,795724,795028,794100,793612,796104,795492],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[792497],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":101,"address":[792777],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[792917],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[793057],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[793197],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[793337],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[793477],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[796281,796708,796940,797123,796412,796145],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[798540,797168],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":112,"address":[797223],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":113,"address":[797601,797705,797519],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":114,"address":[797824,797726],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":115,"address":[797939,798108],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[798028],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":117,"address":[798062],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":118,"address":[798148],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[798184,798225],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":120,"address":[798227],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":122,"address":[798212],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":125,"address":[798454],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":134,"address":[798576],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[798609],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":137,"address":[798856,798643],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":138,"address":[798969],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":139,"address":[814270,814328],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":140,"address":[814339,814899,814469,814717],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":144,"address":[798798],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":63},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","mod.rs"],"content":"pub mod timestep;\npub mod gemma_egui_support;\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","timestep.rs"],"content":"\n//! Gameplay speed control. It attempts to mimic/limit progression to\n//! the 30 tics per second Doom used.\n\nuse std::{fmt, time::Instant};\n\nconst MS_PER_UPDATE: f32 = 28.57;\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\npub struct TimeStep {\n    last_time: Instant,\n    delta_time: f32,\n    frame_count: u32,\n    frame_time: f32,\n    run_tics: u32,\n    last_tics: u32,\n    lag: f32,\n}\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\npub struct FrameData {\n    pub tics: u32,\n    pub frames: u32,\n}\n\nimpl fmt::Display for FrameData {\n    fn fmt(\u0026self, f: \u0026mut fmt::Formatter\u003c'_\u003e) -\u003e fmt::Result {\n        f.write_fmt(format_args!(\n            \"FrameData (per-second):\\n  - tics: {}\\n  -  fps: {}\",\n            self.tics, self.frames\n        ))\n    }\n}\n\nimpl TimeStep {\n    pub fn new() -\u003e TimeStep {\n        TimeStep {\n            last_time: Instant::now(),\n            delta_time: 0.0,\n            frame_count: 0,\n            frame_time: 0.0,\n            run_tics: 0,\n            last_tics: 0,\n            lag: 0.0,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn delta(\u0026mut self) -\u003e f32 {\n        let current_time = Instant::now();\n        let delta = current_time.duration_since(self.last_time).as_micros() as f32 * 0.001;\n        self.last_time = current_time;\n        self.delta_time = delta;\n        delta\n    }\n\n    /// Increments self time and returns current lag. `run_this` is run only for\n    /// `n` tics available.\n    pub fn run_this(\u0026mut self, mut run_this: impl FnMut(f32)) {\n        let dt = self.delta();\n        self.lag += dt;\n        while self.lag \u003e= MS_PER_UPDATE {\n            run_this(dt);\n            self.lag -= MS_PER_UPDATE;\n            self.run_tics += 1;\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn frame_rate(\u0026mut self) -\u003e Option\u003cFrameData\u003e {\n        self.frame_count += 1;\n        self.frame_time += self.delta_time;\n        let tmp;\n        let tmp2;\n        // per second\n        if self.frame_time \u003e= 1000.0 {\n            tmp = self.frame_count;\n            tmp2 = self.last_tics;\n            self.frame_count = 0;\n            self.frame_time = 0.0;\n            self.last_tics = self.run_tics;\n            return Some(FrameData {\n                tics: self.run_tics - tmp2,\n                frames: tmp,\n            });\n        }\n\n        None\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for TimeStep {\n    // shutup clippy!\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self::new()\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":27,"address":[830752],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[830940,830856],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[831040],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[831054],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[831136],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[831149],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[831171],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[831247],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[831262],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[846059,846032],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[846046,846096],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[846102],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[846151],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[846163],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[846185,846214],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[831280],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[831304,831366],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[831331],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[831346],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[831400],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[831410],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[831417],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[831424],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[831432],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[831477],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[831491,831438],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[831387],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[831520],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[831528],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":30},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmatelnet","src","bin","gemmatelnetd.rs"],"content":"fn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n}","traces":[{"line":1,"address":[116192,116144],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":2,"address":[116148],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":1,"coverable":2},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","bin2hex.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::File;\nuse std::io;\nuse std::io::{BufReader, Read};\nuse clap::{Arg, Command, ArgAction, ValueEnum};\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\nstruct CliArgs {\n    input: String,\n}\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft!\");\n    // Set up the command line arguments\n    let matches = Command::new(\"my_program\")\n        .about(\"Processes an input file and outputs it with a specified bit width\")\n        .arg(\n            Arg::new(\"input\")\n                .help(\"The input file to process\")\n                .required(true)\n                .index(1),\n        )\n\n        .get_matches();\n\n    // Parse the command-line arguments\n    let args = CliArgs {\n        input: matches.get_one::\u003cString\u003e(\"input\").unwrap().to_string(),\n    };\n\n    // Use the parsed arguments\n    println!(\"Input file: {}\", args.input);\n\n    // behave like a shift register and load each character from the file 1 by 1.\n    let results = read_file_to_bools(\u0026args.input);\n    for result in results.unwrap().bytes() {\n        print!(\"0x{:02x}, \", result.unwrap());\n    }\n}\nfn read_file_to_bools(file_path: \u0026str) -\u003e io::Result\u003cVec\u003cu8\u003e\u003e {\n    // Open the file\n    let file = File::open(file_path)?;\n    let mut reader = BufReader::new(file);\n\n    let mut bytes = Vec::new();\n    reader.read_to_end(\u0026mut bytes)?;\n\n    let mut output = Vec::new();\n    let mut current_byte = 0u8;\n    let mut bit_index = 0;\n\n    for \u0026byte in \u0026bytes {\n        // Convert ASCII character '1' or '0' to boolean, skip any other characters\n        let bit = match byte {\n            b'1' =\u003e true,\n            b'0' =\u003e false,\n            _ =\u003e continue,  // Skip non-'1' or '0' characters\n        };\n\n        // Set the appropriate bit in the current byte\n        if bit {\n            current_byte |= 1 \u003c\u003c (7 - bit_index);  // Set the bit at the correct position\n        }\n\n        bit_index += 1;\n\n        // Once we have filled 8 bits, push the byte and reset\n        if bit_index == 8 {\n            output.push(current_byte);\n            current_byte = 0;\n            bit_index = 0;\n        }\n    }\n\n    // If there are remaining bits, push the last byte (it will be partially filled)\n    if bit_index \u003e 0 {\n        output.push(current_byte);\n    }\n\n\n\n    Ok(output)\n}\n\n","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[250928,253074],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":12,"address":[250950],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":14,"address":[251007,251256,251331],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[251089,251161],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[251344,251513],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[251740],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[251817],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[252329,252189,252086],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[252584,252965,252701],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[254264,253120,254208],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[253251,253153],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[253219],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[253330],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[253552,253390,253458],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[253540],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[253585],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[253593],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[253612,253683,253777],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[253798],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[253966],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[253976],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[253984,254093],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[254014,254095],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[254117,254139,253994],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[254124,254203],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[254157],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[254184],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[254192],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[253765],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[253901],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[253827],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":31},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","ch8asm.rs"],"content":"use std::fs;\n// Ch8Asm\n// Converts well formed CH8ASM.\n// no variables.\n// no labels.\n// nothing fun.\nuse pest::Parser;\nuse pest_derive::Parser;\n\n#[derive(Parser)]\n#[grammar = \"chip8_asm.pest\"]\npub struct Chip8AsmParser;\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n\n\n\n    let unparsed = fs::read_to_string(\"resources/test/gemma_disassembler_1_chip_logo_ch8_asm.asc\").expect(\"Unable to read input\");\n\n    let file = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::file, \u0026unparsed).expect(\"Unable to parse.  Try again.\")\n        .next().unwrap();\n\n    for record in file.into_inner() {\n        match record.as_rule() {\n            Rule::instruction =\u003e {\n                println!(\"INSTRUCTION = {:?}\", record.into_inner().flatten())\n            }\n            _ =\u003e {\n                println!(\"UNHANDLED PART.\");\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nmod test {\n    use super::*;\n\n    #[test]\n    fn bits_all_parse() {\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::instruction, \"CLS\")\n        );\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::parameter, \"0x01\")\n        );\n        let parsed = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::comment, \"; comment\").unwrap();\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"PARSED COMMENT -\u003e {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        let parsed =\n            Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"CLS ; comment\").unwrap();\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"RULE PAIR THING: {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        let parsed = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADDI 0x01 ; comment\");\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"RULE PAIR THING: {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD ADD ADD\")\n        );\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD 0x01 0x02 ; Comment\")\n        );\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD 0x01 0x02 ; Comment\")\n        );\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[201827,201921,200576],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":15,"address":[200583],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[200639],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[200710,200786],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[201236,201045,201280,201865],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[201427,201344],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[201572,201699,201448],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[201836,201527],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":8},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","ch8disasm.rs"],"content":"use std::path::Path;\nuse clap::{command, Parser};\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION;\n\n/// ch8disasm\n///\n/// Provide disassembled version of the CH8 file provided.\n#[derive(Parser)]\n#[command(version, about, long_about = None)]\nstruct DisassemblerApp {\n    #[arg(short)]\n    input_file: Box\u003cPath\u003e,\n    #[arg(short)]\n    output_file: Option\u003cBox\u003cPath\u003e\u003e,\n}\n\nstruct Disassembler {}\nimpl Disassembler {\n    pub fn disassemble(from_data: Vec\u003cu8\u003e) -\u003e String {\n        let mut working_instruction: u16 = 0x0000;\n\n        // read the input data and loop through it byte by byte.\n        let mut output_string = String::new();\n\n        for (offset, byte) in from_data.iter().enumerate() {\n            working_instruction = (working_instruction \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16);\n            if offset % 2 != 0 {\n                let decoded = Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(working_instruction);\n                let decoded_string = decoded.to_string();\n                let mut current_parts = String::new();\n\n                match decoded {\n                    XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e {\n                        current_parts = format!(\"DW 0x{:04x}\", working_instruction);\n                    }\n                    _ =\u003e {\n                        current_parts = format!(\"{}\", decoded);\n                    }\n                };\n\n                let target_length: i32 = 25;\n                let spacing_length = target_length.saturating_sub(current_parts.len() as i32);\n\n                // now add the rest after the string\n                let x = spacing_length as usize;\n                current_parts = format!(\"{}{:\u003cx$}; Bytes [0x{:04x}] offset [0x{:04x}]\\n\", current_parts, \" \", working_instruction, offset -1);\n                //   println!(\"SHOULD OUTPUT: [{current_parts}]\");\n                output_string = output_string.to_string() + \u0026*current_parts.to_string();\n\n                working_instruction = 0x0000;\n            }\n        }\n\n        output_string\n    }\n}\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n    let result = DisassemblerApp::parse();\n    println!(\"PREPARING TO DISASSEMBLE {:?}\", result.input_file.file_name());\n\n\n    let source_file = result.input_file.to_str().unwrap();\n    let decompiled_program = Disassembler::disassemble(\n        std::fs::read(source_file).unwrap()\n    );\n\n\n    match result.output_file {\n        None =\u003e {\n            println!(\"Output to console.\");\n            println!(\"OS: \\n\\n{}\", decompiled_program);\n        }\n        Some(target) =\u003e {\n            println!(\"Output to {:?}\", target);\n            std::fs::write(target, decompiled_program).unwrap();\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nmod test {\n    #[test]\n    fn smoke() { assert!(true); }\n\n    #[test]\n    fn assemble_test_file() {\n\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":20,"address":[433113,428704],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[428746],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[428772],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[428831,429185,428903],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[429227],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[429273],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[429287],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[429351],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[429366],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[429417],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[429969,429705,430123],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[430551],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[430288,430409],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[428735],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[430629,430561,430273],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":46,"address":[430636],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[431121,430978,431829,431217,432061,432293,432540,431597],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[432682,433072],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[433021],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[429128],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[434933,435003,433136],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[433143],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[433207],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[433461,433335,433228],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[433530,433682],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[433698],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":71,"address":[433975],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[434004,434237],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[434366],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[434033],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[434517],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[434586],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":32},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","tests","assmber_tests.rs"],"content":"#[test]\nfn smoke() { assert!(true) }\n\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0}]};
+        var previousData = {"files":[{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","computer.rs"],"content":"use log::{debug};\nuse crate::chip8::delay_timer::DelayTimer;\nuse crate::chip8::keypad::Keypad;\nuse crate::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode;\nuse crate::chip8::registers::Chip8Registers;\nuse crate::chip8::sound_timer::SoundTimer;\nuse crate::chip8::stack::Chip8Stack;\n\nuse super::{\n    cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates, instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions, system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory, video::Chip8Video,\n};\n\n#[derive(Clone)]\npub struct Chip8Computer {\n    pub num_cycles: i32,\n    pub memory: Chip8SystemMemory,\n    pub registers: Chip8Registers,\n    pub sound_timer: SoundTimer,\n    pub delay_timer: DelayTimer,\n    pub video_memory: Chip8Video,\n    pub state: Chip8CpuStates,\n    pub keypad: Keypad,\n    pub stack: Chip8Stack,\n    pub quirk_mode: QuirkMode\n}\nimpl Default for Chip8Computer {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            num_cycles: 0,\n            memory: Chip8SystemMemory::default(),\n            video_memory: Chip8Video::default(),\n            registers: Chip8Registers::default(),\n            sound_timer: SoundTimer::new(),\n            delay_timer: DelayTimer::new(),\n            state: Chip8CpuStates::default(),\n            keypad: Keypad::default(),\n            stack: Chip8Stack::default(),\n            quirk_mode: QuirkMode::default()\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Computer {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.video_memory.reset();\n        self.num_cycles = 0;\n        self.registers.reset();\n        self.delay_timer.reset();\n        self.sound_timer.reset();\n        self.stack.reset();\n        self.memory.reset();\n        self.quirk_mode = QuirkMode::Chip8;\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_keypad_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.keypad.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_registers_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.registers.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_video_to_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        self.clone().video_memory.format_as_string()\n    }\n\n    pub fn new_with_program(new_program: Vec\u003cu16\u003e) -\u003e Self {\n        let mut working = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n        for (i, \u0026word) in new_program.iter().enumerate() {\n            let high = (word \u003e\u003e 8) as u8;\n            let low = (word \u0026 0xff) as u8;\n            let base_offset = (i * 2) as u16;\n            working.memory.poke(base_offset, high);\n            working.memory.poke(base_offset + 1, low);\n        }\n        working\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Computer::default()\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_bytes_to_memory(\u0026mut self, offset: u16, to_load: \u0026Vec\u003cu8\u003e) {\n        let total_len = to_load.len() as u16;\n        for current_index in 0..total_len {\n            let new_value = to_load[current_index as usize];\n            let new_location = current_index + offset;\n            self.memory.poke(new_location, new_value);\n        }\n        self.registers.set_pc(offset);\n    }\n\n    pub fn step_system(\u0026mut self) -\u003e \u0026mut Chip8Computer {\n        debug!(\"Stepping System 1 Step\");\n        // read the next instruction\n        let local_memory = \u0026self.memory;\n\n    //    let mut working_instruction: u16 = 0b0000000000000000;\n        let start_pc = self.registers.peek_pc();\n        let high_byte = (local_memory.peek(start_pc) as u16).rotate_left(8);\n        let low_byte = local_memory.peek(start_pc + 1) as u16;\n        let result = high_byte | low_byte;\n        let decoded_instruction =\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(result);\n        // todo: THIS IS BAD AND IS A SIDE EFFECT\n        decoded_instruction.execute(self);\n\n        match self.state {\n            Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction =\u003e {\n                self.sound_timer.tick();\n                self.delay_timer.tick();\n                self.video_memory.tick();\n                self.num_cycles += 1;\n            }\n            Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey =\u003e {\n                debug!(\"waiting for a key press...\");\n            }\n            _ =\u003e {}\n        }\n        self\n    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std::sync::mpsc::{channel, Sender};\nuse std::thread;\nuse std::thread::{sleep, JoinHandle, Thread};\nuse std::time::{Duration, Instant};\nuse crate::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates;\nuse crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction;\npub enum ManagerDumpables {\n    Video,\n    Registers,\n    Keyboard\n}\n\npub struct Chip8ComputerManager {\n    core_should_run: bool,\n    one_step: bool,\n    core_cycle_timer: bool,\n    core_last_cycle_start: Instant,\n    computer: Chip8Computer\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8ComputerManager {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8ComputerManager {\n            core_should_run: false,\n            one_step: false,\n            core_cycle_timer: false,\n            core_last_cycle_start: Instant::now()   ,\n            computer: Chip8Computer::new()\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8ComputerManager {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.one_step = false;\n        self.core_should_run = false;\n        self.computer.reset();\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Chip8ComputerManager {\n        let core_handle = thread::spawn(move || {\n           loop {\n               let start_time = Instant::now();\n               let sleep_time = Instant::now().duration_since(start_time).as_millis();\n               sleep(Duration::from_millis((16 - sleep_time) as u64));\n           }\n        });\n\n        Chip8ComputerManager::default()\n    }\n\n    pub fn start(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.core_should_run = true;\n    }\n\n    pub fn stop(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.core_should_run = false\n    }\n\n    pub fn step(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.one_step = true;\n    }\n\n    pub fn state(\u0026mut self) -\u003e \u0026Chip8Computer {\n        \u0026self.computer\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick( \u0026mut self) -\u003e bool {\n     //   println!(\"STARTING TICK\");\n        let mut did_tick: bool = false;\n        if self.one_step | self.core_should_run  {\n            match self.computer.state {\n                WaitingForInstruction =\u003e {\n                    self.core_last_cycle_start = Instant::now();\n                    self.computer.step_system();\n                    did_tick = true\n                 //   println!(\"SYSTEM STEP\");\n                }\n                _ =\u003e {}\n            }\n        };\n        if self.one_step {\n            println!(\"SYSTEM HALTED AFTER 1 STEP\");\n            // stop the CPU for the next cycle, we are only\n            // wanting one step.\n            self.one_step = false;\n            did_tick = true;\n        }\n        did_tick\n    }\n\n    pub fn press_key(\u0026mut self, key_index: u8) {\n        self.computer.keypad.push_key(key_index);\n        if matches!(self.computer.state, Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey) {\n            self.computer.state = WaitingForInstruction\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn release_key(\u0026mut self, key_index: u8) {\n        self.computer.keypad.release_key(key_index);\n    }\n\n    pub fn sound(managed: \u0026Chip8ComputerManager) -\u003e bool {\n        managed.computer.sound_timer.current() \u003e 0\n    }\n\n    pub fn wait_for_instruction(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.computer.state = WaitingForInstruction;\n    }\n\n    pub fn is_key_pressed(\u0026self, key_index: u8) -\u003e bool {\n        self.computer.keypad.pressed(key_index)\n    }\n\n    pub fn num_cycles(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        self.computer.num_cycles\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_bytes_to_system_memory(\u0026mut self, bytes_to_load: Vec\u003cu8\u003e) {\n        self.computer.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026bytes_to_load);\n    }\n\n    pub fn dump_to_string(\u0026self, dump_type: ManagerDumpables) -\u003e String {\n        match dump_type {\n            ManagerDumpables::Video =\u003e {\n                self.computer.video_memory.format_as_string()\n            }\n            ManagerDumpables::Registers =\u003e {\n                self.computer.registers.format_as_string()\n            }\n            ManagerDumpables::Keyboard =\u003e {\n                self.computer.keypad.format_as_string()\n            }\n        }\n    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Copy, Default)]\npub enum Chip8CpuStates {\n    #[default]\n    WaitingForInstruction,\n    WaitingForKey,\n    ExecutingInstruction,\n    Error,\n}\n\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","delay_timer.rs"],"content":"#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub struct DelayTimer {\n    counter: u8\n}\n\nimpl DelayTimer {\n    pub fn current(\u0026self) -\u003e u8 {\n        self.counter\n    }\n\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        DelayTimer {\n            counter: 0xff\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.counter = 0xff;\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_timer(\u0026mut self, new_value: u8) {\n        self.counter = new_value as u8\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        if self.counter \u003e 0 {\n            self.counter -= 1;\n        }\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":7,"address":[42094400],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":8,"address":[3570997],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":17,"address":[3571024],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":18,"address":[1185541],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":21,"address":[636448],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":22,"address":[636460],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":25,"address":[832544],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":26,"address":[290343,290302],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":27,"address":[290317,290345],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}}],"covered":9,"coverable":9},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","instructions.rs"],"content":"use std::arch::x86_64::_mm_xor_pd;\nuse std::fmt::{Debug, Display, Formatter};\nuse std::ops::{BitAnd, Deref, Shr};\nuse std::time::Instant;\nuse chrono::ParseMonthError;\nuse log::debug;\nuse rand::{random, Rng};\nuse crate::chip8::computer::{Chip8Computer};\nuse crate::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey;\nuse crate::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::*;\nuse crate::chip8::util::InstructionUtil;\nuse crate::constants::{*};\n\n/*\nnnn or addr - A 12-bit value, the lowest 12 bits of the instruction\nn or nibble - A 4-bit value, the lowest 4 bits of the instruction\nx - A 4-bit value, the lower 4 bits of the high byte of the instruction\ny - A 4-bit value, the upper 4 bits of the low byte of the instruction\nkk or byte - An 8-bit value, the lowest 8 bits of the instruction\n */\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\npub enum Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    /// 0nnn\n    /// Exit to System Call at nnn\n    SYS(u16),\n    /// 00E0\n    /// Clear the display.\n    CLS,\n    /// 00EE\n    /// Return from a subroutine.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter sets the program counter to the address at the top of the stack,\n    /// then subtracts 1 from the stack pointer.\n    RET,\n    /// 1nnn\n    /// Jump to location nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter sets the program counter to nnn.\n    JPA(u16),\n    /// 2nnn\n    /// Call subroutine at nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter increments the stack pointer, then puts the current PC on the top\n    /// of the stack. The PC is then set to nnn.\n    CALL(u16),\n    /// 0x3xkk\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are equal, increments the\n    /// program counter by 2.\n    SEX(u8, u8),\n    /// 4xkk\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx != kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are not equal, increments\n    /// the program counter by 2.\n    SNEB(u8, u8),\n    /// 5xy0\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx = Vy.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter compares register Vx to register Vy, and if they are equal, increments\n    /// the program counter by 2.\n    SEY(u8, u8),\n    /// 6xkk\n    /// Set Vx = kk\n    LDR(u8, u8),\n    /// 7xkk\n    /// The interpreter puts the value kk into register Vx.\n    ADD(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy0\n    /// Adds the value kk to the value of register Vx, then stores the result in Vx.\n    LDR_Y(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy1\n    /// Stores the value of register Vy in register Vx.\n    OR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy2\n    /// Set Vx = Vx OR Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise OR on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the result in Vx.\n    /// A bitwise OR compares the corrseponding bits from two values, and if either\n    /// bit is 1, then the same bit in the result is also 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    AND(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy3\n    /// Set Vx = Vx AND Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise AND on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the result in Vx.\n    /// A bitwise AND compares the corrseponding bits from two values, and if both bits\n    /// are 1, then the same bit in the result is also 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    ORY(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy4\n    /// Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy.\n    ///\n    /// Performs a bitwise exclusive OR on the values of Vx and Vy, then stores the\n    /// result in Vx. An exclusive OR compares the corrseponding bits from two values,\n    /// and if the bits are not both the same, then the corresponding bit in the result\n    /// is set to 1. Otherwise, it is 0.\n    ADDR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy5\n    /// Set Vx = Vx + Vy, set VF = carry.\n    ///\n    /// The values of Vx and Vy are added together. If the result is greater than 8 bits\n    /// (i.e., \u003e 255,) VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Only the lowest 8 bits of the result\n    /// are kept, and stored in Vx.\n    SUB(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy6\n    /// Set Vx = Vx - Vy, set VF = NOT borrow.\n    ///\n    /// If Vx \u003e Vy, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vy is subtracted from Vx, and the\n    /// results stored in Vx.\n    SHR(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xy7\n    /// If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx\n    /// is divided by 2.\n    SUBC(u8, u8),\n    /// 8xye\n    /// Set Vx = Vy - Vx, set VF = NOT borrow.\n    //\n    /// If Vy \u003e Vx, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is subtracted from Vy, and the\n    /// results stored in Vx.\n    SHL(u8, u8),\n    /// 9xy0\n    /// Skip next instruction if Vx != Vy.\n    ///\n    /// The values of Vx and Vy are compared, and if they are not equal, the program\n    /// counter is increased by 2.\n    SNEY(u8, u8),\n    /// Annn\n    /// Set I = nnn.\n    ///\n    /// The value of register I is set to nnn\n    LDIA(u16),\n    /// Bnnn\n    /// Jump to location nnn + V0.\n    ///\n    /// The program counter is set to nnn plus the value of V0.\n    JPI(u16),\n    /// Cxkk\n    /// Set Vx = random byte AND kk.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter generates a random number from 0 to 255, which is then\n    /// ANDed with the value kk. The results are stored in Vx. See instruction\n    /// 8xy2 for more information on AND.\n    RND(u8, u8),\n    /// Dxyn\n    /// Display n-byte sprite starting at memory location I at (Vx, Vy), set VF = collision.\n    ///\n    /// In Chip-8,\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter reads n bytes from memory, starting at the address stored in I.\n    /// These bytes are then displayed as sprites on screen at coordinates (Vx, Vy).\n    /// Sprites are XORed onto the existing screen. If this causes any pixels to be erased,\n    /// VF is set to 1, otherwise it is set to 0. If the sprite is positioned so part of\n    /// it is outside the coordinates of the display, it wraps around to the opposite side\n    /// of the screen. See instruction 8xy3 for more information on XOR, and section 2.4,\n    /// Display, for more information on the Chip-8 screen and sprites.\n    ///\n    /// In SCHIP\n    ///\n    /// Show N-byte sprite from M(I) at Coords (VX,VY) VF = Collision.\n    /// If N=0 AND ExtendedMode, 16x16 sprite\n    DRW(u8, u8, u8),\n    /// Ex9E\n    /// Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n    ///\n    /// Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently\n    /// in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n    SKP(u8),\n    /// ExA1\n    /// Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n    ///\n    /// Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in\n    /// the up position, PC is increased by 2.\n    SKNP(u8),\n    /// Fx07\n    /// The value of DT is placed into Vx.\n    LDRD(u8),\n    /// Fx0A\n    /// Wait for a key press, store the value of the key in Vx.\n    ///\n    /// All execution stops until a key is pressed, then the value of that key is stored in Vx.\n    LDRK(u8),\n    /// Fx15\n    /// Set delay timer = Vx.\n    ///\n    /// DT is set equal to the value of Vx.\n    LDD(u8),                   // 0xFx15 Set Delay Timer\n    /// Fx18\n    /// Set sound timer = Vx.\n    ///\n    /// ST is set equal to the value of Vx.\n    LDIS(u8),\n    /// Fx1E - ADD I, Vx\n    /// Set I = I + Vx.\n    ///\n    /// The values of I and Vx are added, and the results are stored in I.\n    ADDI(u8),\n    /// Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n    /// Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n    ///\n    /// The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite\n    /// corresponding to the value of Vx. See section 2.4, Display, for\n    /// more information on the Chip-8 hexadecimal font.\n    LDFX(u8),\n    /// Fx33 - LD B, Vx\n    /// Store BCD representation of Vx in memory locations I, I+1, and I+2.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter takes the decimal value of Vx, and places the hundreds\n    /// digit in memory at location in I, the tens digit at location I+1, and the\n    /// ones digit at location I+2.\n    BCD(u8),\n    /// Fx55 - LD [I], Vx\n    /// Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter copies the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n    /// starting at the address in I.\n    LDIX(u8),\n    /// Fx65 - LD Vx, [I]\n    /// Read registers V0 through Vx from memory starting at location I.\n    ///\n    /// The interpreter reads values from memory starting at location I into registers\n    /// V0 through Vx.\n    LDRI(u8),\n    XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION,\n    /* START OF SCHIP-8 */\n    /// 00CN\n    ///\n    /// Scrolll Display N Lines Down\n    SDN(u8),\n    /// 00FB\n    ///\n    /// Scroll 4 lines Right\n    SRT,\n    /// 00FC\n    ///\n    /// Scroll 4 lines Left\n    SLF,\n    /// 00FE\n    ///\n    /// Disable Extended Mode\n    DIS,\n    /// 00FF\n    ///\n    /// Enable Extended Mode\n    ENA,\n    /// 00FD\n    ///\n    /// Exit App\n    EXIT,\n    /// FX30\n    ///\n    /// Point I to 10 yte font sprite for digit VX (0..9)\n    LDF2(u8),\n    /// FX75\n    ///\n    /// Store V0..VX in RPL user flags (X \u003c= 7\n    STR(u8),\n    /// FX85\n    ///\n    /// Load V0..VX from RPL user flags (X \u003c= 7)\n    LIDR(u8),\n}\n\nimpl Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    pub fn name(\u0026self) -\u003e \u0026str {\n        match self {\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(_) =\u003e INST_ADDI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(_, _) =\u003e INST_ADD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(_, _) =\u003e INST_ADDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(_, _) =\u003e INST_AND,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e INST_CLS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(_) =\u003e INST_CALL,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(_, _, _) =\u003e INST_DRW,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT =\u003e INST_EXIT,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(_) =\u003e INST_JPA,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(_) =\u003e INST_JPI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(_) =\u003e INST_BCD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(_) =\u003e INST_LDD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(_) =\u003e INST_LDF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(_) =\u003e INST_LDF2,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(_) =\u003e INST_LDIA,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(_) =\u003e INST_LDIX,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(_) =\u003e INST_LIDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(_) =\u003e INST_LDIS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(_, _) =\u003e INST_LDR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(_) =\u003e INST_LDRD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(_) =\u003e INST_LDRI,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(_) =\u003e INST_LDRK,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(_, _) =\u003e INST_LDRY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(_, _) =\u003e INST_OR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e INST_RET,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(_, _) =\u003e INST_RND,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(_) =\u003e INST_SDN,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF =\u003e INST_SLF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT =\u003e INST_SRT,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(_, _) =\u003e INST_SEX,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(_, _) =\u003e INST_SEY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(_, _) =\u003e INST_SHL,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(_, _) =\u003e INST_SHR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(_) =\u003e INST_SKP,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(_, _) =\u003e INST_SNEB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(_, _) =\u003e INST_SNEY,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(_) =\u003e INST_SKNP,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(_) =\u003e INST_STR,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(_, _) =\u003e INST_SUB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(_, _) =\u003e INST_SUBC,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(_) =\u003e INST_SYS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS =\u003e INST_DIS,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA =\u003e INST_ENA,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(_, _) =\u003e INST_ORY,\n            XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e \"XX ERROR XX\",\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn operands(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        match self {\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(addr) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(addr) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(addr) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{addr:04x}\")\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(x, byte) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(x, byte) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(x, byte) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x, byte) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}, 0x{byte:02x}\")\n            }\n            // Reg, Reg\n            SEY(x, y) |\n            LDR_Y(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x, y) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:01x}, 0x{y:01x}\")\n            }\n            // Reg, Reg, Nibble\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x, y, nibble) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}, 0x{y:02x}, 0x{nibble:02x}\")\n            }\n            // Registers.  0-F\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x) |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x) =\u003e {\n                format!(\"0x{x:02x}\")\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS |\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e {\n                String::new()\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Display for Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    fn fmt(\u0026self, f: \u0026mut Formatter\u003c'_\u003e) -\u003e std::fmt::Result {\n        let ops = self.operands();\n        let space = if ops.is_empty() { \"\" } else { \" \" };\n        write!(f, \"{}{}{}\", self.name(), space, ops)\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8CpuInstructions {\n    pub fn from_str(input: \u0026str) -\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions {\n        let mut parts = input.split(\" \");\n      //  print!(\"THERE ARE {} PARTS\", parts.clone().count());\n        let first_part = parts.next().unwrap_or(\"\");\n        // take the next value...\n        // ...strip off the extra...\n        // ...convert it to an integer from base 16\n        let param1 = u16::from_str_radix(parts.next().unwrap_or(\"0\").trim_start_matches(\"0x\").trim_end_matches(\",\"), 16).unwrap_or(0);\n        let param2 = u16::from_str_radix(parts.next().unwrap_or(\"0\").trim_start_matches(\"0x\").trim_end_matches(\",\"), 16).unwrap_or(0);\n        let param3 = u16::from_str_radix(parts.next().unwrap_or(\"0\").trim_start_matches(\"0x\").trim_end_matches(\",\"), 16).unwrap_or(0);\n      //  println!(\"\\tFirst part is {:?} / {:?} / {:?} / {:?}\", first_part, param1 ,param2 ,param3);\n        match first_part {\n            INST_CLS =\u003e {\n                CLS\n            }\n            INST_DRW =\u003e {\n                DRW(param1 as u8, param2 as u8, param3 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_ADD =\u003e {\n                ADD(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_CALL =\u003e {\n                CALL(param1)\n            }\n            INST_SYS =\u003e {\n                SYS(param1)\n            }\n            INST_RET =\u003e {\n                RET\n            }\n            INST_JPA =\u003e {\n                JPA(param1)\n            }\n            INST_JPI =\u003e {\n                JPI(param1)\n            }\n            INST_SEX =\u003e {\n                SEX(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SNEB =\u003e {\n                SNEB(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SDN =\u003e {\n                SDN(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SRT =\u003e {\n                SRT\n            }\n            INST_SLF =\u003e {\n                SLF\n            }\n            INST_EXIT =\u003e {\n                EXIT\n            }\n            INST_DIS =\u003e {\n                DIS\n            }\n            INST_ENA =\u003e {\n                ENA\n            }\n            INST_SEY =\u003e {\n                SEY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDRY =\u003e {\n                LDR_Y(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDR =\u003e {\n                LDR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_OR =\u003e {\n                OR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_AND =\u003e {\n                AND(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_ORY =\u003e {\n                ORY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_ADDR =\u003e {\n                ADDR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SUB =\u003e {\n                SUB(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SHR =\u003e {\n                SHR(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SHL =\u003e {\n                SHL(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SUBC =\u003e {\n                SUBC(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SNEY =\u003e {\n                SNEY(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDIA =\u003e {\n                LDIA(param1)\n            }\n            INST_RND =\u003e {\n                RND(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SKP =\u003e {\n                SKP(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_SKNP =\u003e {\n                SKNP(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDRD =\u003e {\n                LDRD(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDRK =\u003e {\n                LDRK(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDRI =\u003e {\n                LDRI(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_BCD =\u003e {\n                BCD(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDF =\u003e {\n                LDFX(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDF2 =\u003e {\n                LDF2(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDIX =\u003e {\n                LDIX(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LIDR =\u003e {\n                LIDR(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDIS =\u003e {\n                LDIS(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_STR =\u003e {\n                STR(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            INST_LDD =\u003e {\n                LDD(param1 as u8)\n            }\n            _ =\u003e {\n                XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn encode(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        match self {\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(target) =\u003e 0x0000 | (target \u0026 0x0FFF) as u16,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e 0x00E0,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e 0x00EE,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(new_addr) =\u003e 0x1000 | (new_addr \u0026 0x0FFF) as u16,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(address) =\u003e 0x2000 | (address \u0026 0x0FFF) as u16,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(vx_register, byte) =\u003e 0x3000 | ((*vx_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(vx_register, byte) =\u003e 0x4000 | ((*vx_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x5000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(x_register, byte) =\u003e 0x6000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(x_register, byte) =\u003e 0x7000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8001 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8002 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8003 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8004 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8005 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8006 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x8007 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x800E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x_register, y_register) =\u003e 0x9000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr) =\u003e 0xA000 | addr,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr) =\u003e 0xB000 | addr,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x_register, byte) =\u003e 0xC000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, height) =\u003e {\n                0xD000 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | ((*y_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 4) | (*height as u16)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x_register) =\u003e 0xE09E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x_register) =\u003e 0xE0A1 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF007 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x_register) =\u003e 0xF00A | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF015 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(x_register) =\u003e 0xF018 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x_register) =\u003e 0xF01E | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x_register) =\u003e 0xF029 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(x_register) =\u003e 0xF033 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x_register) =\u003e 0xF055 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(x_register) =\u003e 0xF065 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(x_register) =\u003e 0x00C0 | (*x_register as u16),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT =\u003e 0x00FB,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF =\u003e 0x00FC,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS =\u003e 0x00FE,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA =\u003e 0x00FF,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT =\u003e 0x00FD,\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(x_register) =\u003e 0xF030 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(x_register) =\u003e 0xF075 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(x_register) =\u003e 0xF085 | ((*x_register as u16) \u003c\u003c 8),\n            XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e 0xFFFF\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn decode(input: u16) -\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions {\n        let x_param = InstructionUtil::read_x_from_instruction(input);\n        let y_param = InstructionUtil::read_y_from_instruction(input);\n        let addr_param = InstructionUtil::read_addr_from_instruction(input);\n        let byte_param = InstructionUtil::read_byte_from_instruction(input);\n        let nibble_param = InstructionUtil::read_nibble_from_instruction(input);\n        let ubln = InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(input);\n        let last_byte = (input \u0026 0xFF) as u8;\n        let last_nibble = (input \u0026 0xF) as u8;\n\n        match input {\n            0x00C0..=0x00CF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(last_nibble),\n            0x00E0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS,\n            0x00EE =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::RET,\n            0x00FB =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT,\n            0x00FC =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF,\n            0x00FD =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT,\n            0x00FE =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS,\n            0x00FF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA,\n            0x0000..=0x0FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(addr_param),\n            0x1000..=0x1FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(addr_param),\n            0x2000..=0x2FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(addr_param),\n            0x3000..=0x3FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x4000..=0x4FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x5000..=0x5FF0 if input \u0026 0x01 == 0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(x_param, y_param),\n            0x6000..=0x6FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x7000..=0x7FFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(x_param, byte_param),\n            0x8000..=0x8FFE =\u003e match last_nibble {\n                0x0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(x_param, y_param),\n                0x1 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x2 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x_param, y_param),\n                0x3 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x_param, y_param),\n                0x4 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x5 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x_param, y_param),\n                0x6 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x_param, y_param),\n                0x7 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x_param, y_param),\n                0xE =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x_param, y_param),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n            }\n            0x9000..=0x9FF0 if input \u0026 0x01 == 0 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(x_param, y_param),\n            0xA000..=0xAFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(addr_param),\n            0xB000..=0xBFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr_param),\n            0xC000..=0xCFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x_param, byte_param),\n            0xD000..=0xDFFF =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_param, y_param, nibble_param),\n            0xE09E..=0xEFA1 =\u003e match last_byte {\n                0x9E =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(ubln),\n                0xA1 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(ubln),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n            }\n            0xF007..=0xFF65 =\u003e match last_byte {\n                0x07 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(ubln),\n                0x0A =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(ubln),\n                0x15 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(ubln),\n                0x18 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(ubln),\n                0x1E =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(ubln),\n                0x29 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(ubln),\n                0x30 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(ubln),\n                0x33 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(ubln),\n                0x55 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(ubln),\n                0x65 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(ubln),\n                0x75 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(ubln),\n                0x85 =\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(ubln),\n                _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n            }\n            _ =\u003e XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn execute(\u0026self, input: \u0026mut Chip8Computer) -\u003e Chip8Computer {\n        //        print!(\"INSTRUCTION {}\", self);\n        let start_time = Instant::now();\n        let start_pc = input.registers.peek_pc();\n        input.registers.poke_pc(start_pc + 2);\n        let _ = match self {\n            // 0x0nnn Exit to System Call\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(new_address) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address as u16);\n            }\n            // * 0x00E0 Clear Screen\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS =\u003e {\n                input.video_memory.cls();\n            }\n            // 0x00EE Return from Subroutine\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RET =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(input.stack.pop());\n            }\n            // 0x1nnn Jump to Address\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(new_address) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address as u16);\n            }\n            // 0x2nnn Call Subroutine\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(new_address) =\u003e {\n                let return_address = input.registers.peek_pc();\n                input.registers.poke_pc(*new_address as u16);\n                input.stack.push(\u0026return_address);\n            }\n            // 0x3xkk Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                if input.registers.peek(*vx_register as u8) == *byte as u8 {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x4xkk Skip next instruction if Vx != kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                // 4xkk - SNE Vx, byte\n                // Skip next instruction if Vx != kk.\n                //\n                // The interpreter compares register Vx to kk, and if they are not equal,\n                // increments the program counter by 2.\n                if input.registers.peek(*x) != *byte {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x5xy0 Skip next instruction if Vx == Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                if input.registers.peek(*x as u8) == input.registers.peek(*y as u8) {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            // 0x6xkk Set Vx = kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(register, byte) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(*register, *byte);\n            }\n            // 0x7xkk Set Vx = Vx + kk\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(vx_register, byte) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(*vx_register, (input.registers.peek(*vx_register) as u16 + *byte as u16) as u8);\n            }\n            // 0x8xy0 Set value of Vy in Vx\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(x, y) =\u003e {\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, input.registers.peek(*y as u8));\n            }\n            // 0x8xy1 Set Vx = Vx OR Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // shift them to 16 bit\n                let working_16_x = input.registers.peek(*x as u8) as u16;\n                let working_16_y = input.registers.peek(*y as u8) as u16;\n                // OR them\n                let working_16_or = working_16_x | working_16_y;\n                // shift them back to 8 bit.\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, working_16_or as u8);\n                debug!(\"OrVxVy [0x{x:1x}] [0x{y:1x}]\")\n            }\n            // 0x8xy2 Set Vx = Vx AND Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*x as u8) as u16;\n                let rhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*y as u8) as u16;\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, (lhs_16 \u0026 rhs_16) as u8);\n            }\n            // 0x8xy3 Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*x as u8) as u16;\n                let rhs_16 = input.registers.peek(*y as u8) as u16;\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, (lhs_16 ^ rhs_16) as u8);\n            }\n            // 0x8xy4 Set Vx = Vx + Vy (SET VF on Carry)\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(x, y) =\u003e {\n                let lhs = input.registers.peek(*x as u8) as i16;\n                let rhs = input.registers.peek(*y as u8) as i16;\n                let working = lhs + rhs;\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, working as u8);\n\n                if working \u003e= 0x100 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0xf, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy5 - SUB Vx, Vy\n                // Set Vx = Vx - Vy, set VF = NOT borrow.\n                //\n                // If Vx \u003e Vy, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vy is subtracted from Vx, and the results stored in Vx.\n\n                let lhs = input.registers.peek(*x);\n                let rhs = input.registers.peek(*y);\n\n                let mut result = 0;\n\n                let borrow_flag: u8 = if rhs \u003e lhs {\n                    result = (lhs as u16 + 0x100) - rhs as u16;\n                    0\n                } else {\n                    result = lhs as u16 - rhs as u16;\n                    1\n                };\n\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, result as u8);\n                input.registers.poke(0x0f, borrow_flag);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(x, _) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy6 - SHR Vx {, Vy}\n                // Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n                // SHIFT 1 Bit ----\u003e\n                // If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n                let initial_value = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                // overflow check\n                let rotated = initial_value \u003e\u003e 1;\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, rotated);\n                if initial_value.bitand(0b1) == 1 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(x, y) =\u003e {\n                // 8xy7 - SUBN Vx, Vy\n                // Set Vx = Vy - Vx, set VF = NOT borrow.\n                //\n                // If Vy \u003e Vx, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is subtracted from Vy, and the results stored in Vx.\n                let y_register = input.registers.peek(*y as u8);\n                let x_register = input.registers.peek(*x as u8);\n                let mut value_to_poke = 0;\n\n                let new_value = if y_register \u003c x_register {\n                    value_to_poke = (y_register as u16 + 256) - x_register as u16;\n                    0\n                } else {\n                    value_to_poke = (y_register - x_register) as u16;\n                    1\n                };\n\n                debug!(\"SUB CARRY -\u003e REGISTER 1 = [0x{x:02x}] / [{x_register}] REGISTER 2 = [0x{y:02x}] / [{y_register}] SUB = {value_to_poke} CARRY = {new_value}\");\n\n                input.registers.poke(*x, value_to_poke as u8);\n                input.registers.poke(0xf, new_value);\n            }\n\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(x, _) =\u003e {\n                // 8xyE - SHL Vx {, Vy}\n                // Set Vx = Vx SHL 1.\n                //\n                // If the most-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise to 0. Then Vx is multiplied by 2.\n                let initial_value = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                // overflow check\n                let rotated = initial_value \u003c\u003c 1;\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, rotated);\n                if initial_value.bitand(0b10000000) == 0b10000000 {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x01);\n                } else {\n                    input.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(vx_register, vy_register) =\u003e {\n                // 9xy0 - SNE Vx, Vy\n                // Skip next instruction if Vx != Vy.\n                //\n                // The values of Vx and Vy are compared, and if they are not equal, the program counter is increased by 2.\n\n                let x_reg_value = input.registers.peek(*vx_register as u8);\n                let y_reg_value = input.registers.peek(*vy_register as u8);\n                if x_reg_value != y_reg_value {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(new_index) =\u003e {\n                // Annn - LD I, addr\n                // Set I = nnn.\n                //\n                // The value of register I is set to nnn.\n                //  debug!(\"LdiAddr [0x{new_index:3x}]\");\n                input.registers.poke_i(*new_index);\n            }\n            // 0xBnnn Jump to nnn+V0\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(addr) =\u003e {\n                // Bnnn - JP V0, addr\n                // Jump to location nnn + V0.\n                //\n                // The program counter is set to nnn plus the value of V0.\n                input.registers.poke_pc(input.registers.peek(0) as u16 + addr);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(x, byte) =\u003e {\n                // Cxkk - RND Vx, byte\n                // Set Vx = random byte AND kk.\n                //\n                // The interpreter generates a random number from 0 to 255,\n                // which is then ANDed with the value kk.\n                // The results are stored in Vx.\n                let mut rng = rand::thread_rng();\n                let new_value: u8 = rng.random();\n                let and_value: u8 = *byte;\n                let result = new_value \u0026 and_value;\n                debug!(\"RANDOM: [{new_value:02x}] AND: [{and_value:02x} Result: [{result:02x}]\");\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, new_value \u0026 *byte as u8)\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(y, x, n) =\u003e {\n                // Display n-byte sprite starting at memory location I at (Vx, Vy), set VF = collision.\n\n                // The interpreter reads n bytes from memory, starting at the address stored in I.\n\n                // These bytes are then displayed as sprites on screen at coordinates (Vx, Vy).\n                // Sprites are XORed onto the existing screen.\n                // If this causes any pixels to be erased, VF is set to 1,\n                //     otherwise it is set to 0.\n                // If the sprite is positioned so part of it is outside the coordinates of the display,\n                //     it wraps around to the opposite side of the screen.\n\n                let source_memory_offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                let x_offset = input.registers.peek(*x) as u16;\n                let y_offset = input.registers.peek(*y) as u16;\n                if input.video_memory.is_highres() {\n                    // if n == 0 we have a 16 row sprite (font maybe)\n                    let actual_num_loops = if *n == 0u8 {\n                        16\n                    } else {\n                        *n\n                    };\n                    for byte_index in 0..actual_num_loops {\n                        let current_byte = input.memory.peek(byte_index as u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let next_byte = input.memory.peek(byte_index as u16 + 1u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let x_offset = (x_offset + byte_index as u16) * 64;\n                        for bit_index in 0..8 {\n                            input.video_memory.poke(x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16), (current_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0);\n                            input.video_memory.poke(x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16) + 8, (current_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0);\n                        }\n                    }\n                } else {\n                    for byte_index in 0..*n {\n                        let current_byte = input.memory.peek(byte_index as u16 + source_memory_offset);\n                        let x_offset: u16 = (x_offset + byte_index as u16) * 64;\n                        for bit_index in 0..8 {\n                            input.video_memory.poke(x_offset + (y_offset + bit_index as u16), (current_byte \u0026 (0x80 \u003e\u003e bit_index)) != 0);\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n\n                let target = if input.video_memory.has_frame_changed {\n                    1u8\n                } else {\n                    0u8\n                };\n\n                input.registers.poke(0xf, target);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(x) =\u003e {\n                // Ex9E - SKP Vx\n                // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n                //\n                // Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n                let key_to_check = input.registers.peek(*x as u8);\n                let is_pressed = input.keypad.pressed(key_to_check);\n                if is_pressed {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(x) =\u003e {\n                // ExA1 - SKNP Vx\n                // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n                //\n\n                // Checks the keyboard,\n                // and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the up position,\n                // PC is increased by 2.\n                let target_key = input.registers.peek(*x as u8);\n                let is_pressed = input.keypad.pressed(target_key);\n                debug!(\"SnKpVx [{x:1x}]\");\n                if !is_pressed {\n                    input.registers.advance_pc();\n                }\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx07 - LD Vx, DT\n                // Set Vx = delay timer value.\n                //\n                // The value of DT is placed into Vx.\n                let value_to_set = input.delay_timer.current();\n                input.registers.poke(*x as u8, value_to_set as u8);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx0A - LD Vx, K\n                // Wait for a key press, store the value of the key in Vx.\n                //\n                // All execution stops until a key is pressed, then the value of that key is stored in Vx.\n                input.state = WaitingForKey;\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(source_register) =\u003e {\n                // Fx15 - LD DT, Vx\n                // Set delay timer = Vx.\n                //\n                // DT is set equal to the value of Vx.\n                let new_time = input.registers.peek(*source_register as u8);\n                input.delay_timer.set_timer(new_time);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(new_time) =\u003e {\n                let new_value = input.registers.peek(*new_time as u8);\n                input.sound_timer.set_timer(new_value as i32);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx1E - ADD I, Vx\n                // Set I = I + Vx.\n                //\n                // The values of I and Vx are added, and the results are stored in I.\n                let base = input.registers.peek_i();\n                let x_value = input.registers.peek(*x as u8);\n                input.registers.poke_i(base + x_value as u16);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n                // Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n                //\n                // The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite corresponding\n                // to the value of Vx. See section 2.4, Display, for more information on\n                // the Chip-8 hexadecimal font.\n\n                let x_value: u8 = input.registers.peek(*x);\n\n                let real_offset = x_value as u16 * 5;\n                input.registers.poke_i(real_offset as u16);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(x) =\u003e {\n                // Fx33 - LD B, Vx\n                // Store BCD representation of Vx in memory locations I, I+1, and I+2.\n                //\n                // The interpreter takes the decimal value of Vx, and places the hundreds\n                // digit in memory at location in I, the tens digit at location I+1,\n                // and the ones digit at location I+2.\n\n                let to_convert = input.registers.peek(*x as u8);\n\n                // how many hundreds\n                let hundreds = to_convert / 100;\n                // how many tens, minus the hundreds\n                let tens = (to_convert / 10) - (hundreds * 10);\n                // whats the leftover when dividing by 10\n                let units = to_convert % 10;\n\n                // Convert to BCD\n                let result = ((hundreds as u16) \u003c\u003c 8) | units as u16 | ((tens as u16) \u003c\u003c 4) | units as u16;\n                // write them to the memory pointed to by I, I+1, and I+2\n                let target_start_offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset, hundreds);\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset + 1, tens);\n                input.memory.poke(target_start_offset + 2, units);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(x) =\u003e {\n                // Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n                //\n                // The interpreter copies the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n                // starting at the address in I.\n                let offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                for i in 0..=*x {\n                    input.memory.poke(offset + i as u16, input.registers.peek(i as u8));\n                }\n                input.registers.poke_i(offset + 1);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(x) =\u003e {\n                // Read registers V0 through Vx from memory starting at location I.\n                //\n                // The interpreter reads values from memory starting at location I into registers V0 through Vx.\n                let offset = input.registers.peek_i();\n                debug!(\"STARTING TO READ AT {offset:03x}\");\n                let num_loops = x + 1;\n                debug!(\"WILL READ {num_loops:x} BYTES\");\n                for index in 0..num_loops {\n                    let src_value = input.memory.peek(index as u16 + offset);\n                    input.registers.poke(index as u8, src_value);\n                    debug!(\"POKING Register 0x{index:02x} with 0x{src_value:04x} using offset 0x{offset:04x}\");\n                }\n                input.registers.poke_i(offset + 1);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e {}\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(x) =\u003e {\n                input.video_memory.scroll_down(*x as i32);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT =\u003e {\n                input.video_memory.scroll_right();\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF =\u003e {\n                input.video_memory.scroll_left();\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS =\u003e {\n                input.video_memory.set_lowres();\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA =\u003e {\n                input.video_memory.set_highres();\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT =\u003e {\n                println!(\"EXIT INTERPRETER\");\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(x) =\u003e {\n                println!(\"POINTING TO FONT AT {x:02x}\");\n                // base = 0x100 + 0x0A*X\n                input.registers.poke_i(0x100 + (0xA * x) as u16);\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(x) =\u003e {\n                println!(\"STORING FROM RPL FOR {x}\");\n            }\n            Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(x) =\u003e {\n                println!(\"LOADING FROM RPL FOR {x}\");\n            }\n        };\n        let cycle_time = Instant::now().duration_since(start_time).as_nanos();\n        //        println!(\"\\t\\tTook {cycle_time}ms\");\n        input.to_owned()\n    }\n\n    pub fn from_string(input: \u0026str) -\u003e Chip8CpuInstructions {\n        let parts = input.split(\" \");\n        println!(\"Parts -\u003e {:?}\", parts);\n\n        Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION\n    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}\n}\n","traces":[{"line":9,"address":[42103278,42101712,42103032],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":10,"address":[790799],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":12,"address":[594788,594887,595059],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":13,"address":[595075],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":14,"address":[42102311],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":15,"address":[791440,791540],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":17,"address":[3562045,3562095],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":20,"address":[791532],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":21,"address":[595929,595800],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":24,"address":[1226658,1226529],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":29,"address":[1225480],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":34,"address":[779728],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":36,"address":[381854],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":42,"address":[42103360],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":43,"address":[779813,779851],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":46,"address":[792480],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":47,"address":[596485,596523],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":50,"address":[42103520],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":51,"address":[596565,596604],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":54,"address":[382160],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":55,"address":[3563288],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":58,"address":[3563312],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":59,"address":[792704],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":61,"address":[596704],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":62,"address":[382240],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}}],"covered":25,"coverable":25},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","quirk_modes.rs"],"content":"#[derive(Default, Clone)]\npub enum QuirkMode {\n    #[default]\n    Chip8,\n    SChipLegacy,\n    XOChip,\n    SChipModern\n}\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","registers.rs"],"content":"/// Registers.  numbered 1-16 publicly.\n/// Privately using zero base array so -1 to shift from pub to priv.\n#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub struct Chip8Registers {\n    pub registers: [u8; 16],\n    pub i_register: u16,\n    pub pc: u16,\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Registers {\n    pub fn advance_pc(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.pc += 2;\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8Registers {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Registers {\n            registers: [0x00; 16],\n            i_register: 0x00,\n            pc: 0x200,\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Registers {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.registers = [0x00; 16];\n        self.i_register = 0x00;\n        self.pc = 0x200;\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_pc(\u0026mut self, new_pc: u16) {\n        self.pc = new_pc\n    }\n    pub fn peek_i(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        self.i_register\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_i(\u0026mut self, new_value: u16) {\n        self.i_register = new_value;\n    }\n    pub fn peek(\u0026self, register_number: u8) -\u003e u8 {\n        self.registers[register_number as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke(\u0026mut self, register_number: u8, value: u8) {\n        if register_number \u003e 0xf {\n            panic!(\"INVALID REGISTER\");\n        }\n        self.registers[register_number as usize] = value;\n    }\n\n    pub fn peek_pc(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        self.pc\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_pc(\u0026mut self, new_pc: u16) {\n        self.pc = new_pc\n    }\n\n    pub fn format_as_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        format!(\"Vx: 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x}\\n    0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x} 0x{:02x}\\nI: 0x{:04x}\\tPC: 0x{:04x}\",\n                self.registers[0x0],\n                self.registers[0x1],\n                self.registers[0x2],\n                self.registers[0x3],\n                self.registers[0x4],\n                self.registers[0x5],\n                self.registers[0x6],\n                self.registers[0x7],\n                self.registers[0x8],\n                self.registers[0x9],\n                self.registers[0xa],\n                self.registers[0xb],\n                self.registers[0xc],\n                self.registers[0xd],\n                self.registers[0xe],\n                self.registers[0xf],\n                self.i_register,\n                self.pc\n        )\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[1139376],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":12,"address":[3514925,3514963],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":17,"address":[725824],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":19,"address":[42086542],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":27,"address":[725904],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":28,"address":[822942],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":29,"address":[822959],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":30,"address":[725941],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":33,"address":[42086656],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":34,"address":[822989],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":36,"address":[627152],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":37,"address":[725989],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":40,"address":[627168],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":41,"address":[726013],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":43,"address":[42086736],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":44,"address":[823077,823114],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":47,"address":[823136],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":48,"address":[3515315],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":49,"address":[1139803],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":51,"address":[1139864,1139877,1139787],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":54,"address":[42086976],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":55,"address":[1139909],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":58,"address":[1139920],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":59,"address":[293293],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":62,"address":[726320],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":63,"address":[296740,297436,293531,299292,294275,294554,298828,294926,296044,299524,297900,298132,293717,294461,295812,298596,293438,294368,294182,294647,294089,299060,297204,293996,295016,294833,296972,294740,293903,296276,298364,299756,296508,293810,293624,297668],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":36}}],"covered":26,"coverable":26},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","sound_timer.rs"],"content":"use log::trace;\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub struct SoundTimer {\n    counter: i32\n}\n\nimpl SoundTimer {\n    pub fn current(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        self.counter\n    }\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        SoundTimer {\n            counter: 0\n        }\n    }\n    pub fn set_timer(\u0026mut self, new_value: i32) {\n        trace!(\"SETTING SOUND TIMER TO {new_value}\");\n        self.counter = new_value\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        trace!(\"TICKING SOUND FROM {} to {}\", self.counter, self.counter - 1);\n        if self.counter \u003e 0 {\n            self.counter -= 1;\n            /*\n            todo: this breaks tests.  maybe its wrong?\n            if let good_thread = thread::spawn(|| {\n                beep(440).expect(\"Unable to beep\");\n                thread::sleep(time::Duration::from_millis(500));\n            }).join().unwrap().\n             */\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.counter = 0x00;\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":9,"address":[3554960],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":10,"address":[1182933],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":17,"address":[821760],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":18,"address":[386102,386024,386224],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":19,"address":[813596],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":22,"address":[626272],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":23,"address":[626292,626623,626370,626485],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":24,"address":[1183908,1183384],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":25,"address":[822710,822684],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":36,"address":[3555968],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":37,"address":[386981],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}}],"covered":11,"coverable":11},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","stack.rs"],"content":"#[derive(Clone)]\npub struct Chip8Stack {\n    items: Vec\u003cu16\u003e\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8Stack {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Stack  {\n            items: vec![],\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Stack {\n    pub fn push(\u0026mut self, new_value: \u0026u16) {\n        if self.depth() == 16 {\n           // println!(\"Deep deep stack?\");\n           panic!(\"Stack Overflow\");\n        }\n        self.items.push(*new_value );\n    }\n    pub fn pop(\u0026mut self) -\u003e u16 {\n        if self.items.is_empty() {\n            panic!(\"Stack Underflow\");\n        }\n        self.items.pop().unwrap()\n    }\n    pub fn depth(\u0026self) -\u003e u16 {\n        self.items.len() as u16\n    }\n\n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8Stack {\n            items: vec![]\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.items = vec![]\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":7,"address":[42122032],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":9,"address":[810109],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":15,"address":[810160],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":16,"address":[617512],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":18,"address":[3569140],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":20,"address":[801915],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":22,"address":[617600],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":23,"address":[801950],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":24,"address":[307525],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":26,"address":[617629],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":28,"address":[802080],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":29,"address":[42122357],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":32,"address":[802096],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":34,"address":[802109],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":38,"address":[810496,810559],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":39,"address":[307682,307749],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}}],"covered":16,"coverable":16},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","system_memory.rs"],"content":"use log::{trace};\n\nuse crate::constants::*;\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\npub struct Chip8SystemMemory {\n    memory: [u8; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize],\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8SystemMemory {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n\n        let mut x = Chip8SystemMemory {\n            memory: [0x00; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize],\n        };\n\n        x.load_fonts_to_memory();\n        x.load_schip_fonts_to_memory();\n        x\n    }\n}\nimpl Chip8SystemMemory {\n\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self){\n        self.memory = [0x00; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize];\n        self.load_fonts_to_memory();\n        self.load_schip_fonts_to_memory();\n    }\n    \n    pub fn new() -\u003e Self {\n        Chip8SystemMemory {\n            memory: [0x00; CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE as usize],\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn peek(\u0026self, address: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        trace!(\"PEEK: {} / {}\", address, self.memory[address as usize].clone());\n        self.memory[address as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke(\u0026mut self, address: u16, value: u8)  {\n        trace!(\"POKE: {} / {} to {}\", address, self.memory[address as usize], value);\n        self.memory[address as usize] = value;\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_program(\u0026mut self, program_to_load: Box\u003cVec\u003cu8\u003e\u003e) {\n        for load_index in 0..program_to_load.len() {\n            self.poke((load_index + 0x200) as u16, program_to_load[load_index]);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_fonts_to_memory(\u0026mut self) {\n        let all_font_characters = [\n            CHIP8FONT_0,\n            CHIP8FONT_1,\n            CHIP8FONT_2,\n            CHIP8FONT_3,\n            CHIP8FONT_4,\n            CHIP8FONT_5,\n            CHIP8FONT_6,\n            CHIP8FONT_7,\n            CHIP8FONT_8,\n            CHIP8FONT_9,\n            CHIP8FONT_A,\n            CHIP8FONT_B,\n            CHIP8FONT_C,\n            CHIP8FONT_D,\n            CHIP8FONT_E,\n            CHIP8FONT_F,\n        ];\n\n        for (font_index, current_font) in all_font_characters.iter().enumerate() {\n            for font_mem_offset in 0..=4 {\n                let real_offset = font_index * 5 + font_mem_offset;\n                self.poke(real_offset as u16, current_font[font_mem_offset]);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn load_schip_fonts_to_memory(\u0026mut self) {\n        let all_font_characters = [\n            SCHIPFONT_0, SCHIPFONT_1, SCHIPFONT_2, SCHIPFONT_3,\n            SCHIPFONT_4, SCHIPFONT_5, SCHIPFONT_6, SCHIPFONT_7,\n            SCHIPFONT_8, SCHIPFONT_9, SCHIPFONT_A, SCHIPFONT_B,\n            SCHIPFONT_C, SCHIPFONT_D, SCHIPFONT_E, SCHIPFONT_F\n        ];\n        for (font_index, current_font) in all_font_characters.iter().enumerate() {\n            let base_offset = 0x100;\n            for font_mem_offset in 0..=4 {\n                let real_offset = base_offset + font_index * 0x10 + font_mem_offset;\n                self.poke(real_offset as u16, current_font[font_mem_offset]);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[640064],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":14,"address":[737388],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":17,"address":[3524775],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":18,"address":[836626],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":19,"address":[1149570],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":24,"address":[737488],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":25,"address":[836686],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":26,"address":[737519],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":27,"address":[836714],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":30,"address":[42097312],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[836765],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[1149744],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":37,"address":[42097634,42097786,42097506,42097420],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":38,"address":[42098004,42098020,42097451],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":7}},{"line":41,"address":[42098048],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":42,"address":[641478,641128,641042,641256],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":43,"address":[641728,641073,641748],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":10}},{"line":46,"address":[3526400,3526741],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[838447,838262,838329],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[739281],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[42099184],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":53,"address":[3526788],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":72,"address":[642675,642505],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":73,"address":[839181],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":74,"address":[3527505,3527595],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":75,"address":[3527631,3527587],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":80,"address":[325536],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":81,"address":[839549],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":87,"address":[42101237,42101067],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}},{"line":88,"address":[643068],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":89,"address":[326715],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":6}},{"line":90,"address":[326877,327006],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":91,"address":[327042,326998],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":9}}],"covered":28,"coverable":33},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","util.rs"],"content":"pub struct InstructionUtil {}\n\nimpl InstructionUtil {\n    pub fn byte_to_bools(to_convert: u8) -\u003e [bool; 8] {\n        let mut return_values = [false; 8];\n        for i in 0..8 {\n            let new_value = to_convert \u003e\u003e i \u0026 0x1 == 1;\n            return_values[i as usize] = new_value;\n        }\n        return_values\n    }\n\n    pub fn bools_to_byte(to_convert: [bool; 8]) -\u003e u8 {\n        let mut return_value = 0u8;\n        for i in 0..to_convert.len() {\n            let new_bit = 0x1 \u003c\u003c i;\n            if to_convert[i] {\n                return_value = return_value | new_bit\n            }\n        }\n        return_value\n    }\n\n    pub fn split_bytes(to_split: u16) -\u003e (u8, u8) {\n        let high = to_split.rotate_left(8) as u8;\n        let low = (to_split \u0026 0xff) as u8;\n\n        (high, low)\n    }\n\n    pub fn join_bytes(high: u8, low: u8) -\u003e u16 {\n        let result = (high as u16) \u003c\u003c 8 | low as u16;\n        result\n    }\n\n    // nnn or addr - A 12-bit value, the lowest 12 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_addr_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u16 {\n        instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x0FFF\n    }\n\n    // n or nibble - A 4-bit value, the lowest 4 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_nibble_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n       ( instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x000F )as u8\n    }\n\n    // x - A 4-bit value, the lower 4 bits of the high byte of the instruction\n    pub fn read_x_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x0F00).rotate_right(8) as u8\n    }\n\n    // y - A 4-bit value, the upper 4 bits of the low byte of the instruction\n    pub fn read_y_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x00F0).rotate_right(4) as u8\n    }\n\n    // kk or byte - An 8-bit value, the lowest 8 bits of the instruction\n    pub fn read_byte_from_instruction(instruction_to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        (instruction_to_read_from \u0026 0x00FF) as u8\n    }\n\n    pub fn read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(to_read_from: u16) -\u003e u8 {\n        ((to_read_from \u0026 0x0f00) \u003e\u003e 8) as u8\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":4,"address":[792960],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":5,"address":[780367],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":6,"address":[780454,780555,780384],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":7,"address":[373209,373152],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":8,"address":[681404,681461,681444],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":10,"address":[780434],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":13,"address":[681488],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":14,"address":[780611],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":15,"address":[1227655,1227592],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":16,"address":[42179366,42179406],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":17,"address":[373488,373441,373412],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":3}},{"line":18,"address":[373480],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":21,"address":[793278],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":24,"address":[42179488],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":25,"address":[780853],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":26,"address":[681753],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":31,"address":[1227840],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":32,"address":[42179550],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":37,"address":[793520],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":38,"address":[780920],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":42,"address":[3607728],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":43,"address":[793544],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":47,"address":[793552],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":48,"address":[3607752],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":52,"address":[42179664],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":53,"address":[793608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":57,"address":[781040],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":58,"address":[42179720],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}},{"line":61,"address":[681952],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":62,"address":[373752],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}}],"covered":30,"coverable":30},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","chip8","video.rs"],"content":"use log::{debug};\nuse crate::chip8::util::InstructionUtil;\nuse crate::chip8::video::Chip8VideoModes::{HighRes, LowRes};\nuse crate::constants::{CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT, CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY, CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT, SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH};\n\n#[derive(Clone, Copy)]\nenum Chip8VideoModes {\n    LowRes,\n    HighRes,\n}\n\n#[derive(Clone)]\npub struct Chip8Video {\n    memory: Vec\u003cbool\u003e,\n    pub has_frame_changed: bool,\n    current_res: Chip8VideoModes,\n}\n\nimpl Chip8Video {\n    pub fn reset(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.cls();\n        self.start_frame();\n    }\n\n    pub fn is_highres(\u0026self) -\u003e bool {\n        matches!(self.current_res, HighRes)\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_highres(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.current_res = HighRes;\n        self.cls();\n    }\n\n    pub fn set_lowres(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.current_res = LowRes\n    }\n\n    pub fn get_screen_resolution(\u0026mut self) -\u003e Chip8VideoModes {\n        self.current_res\n    }\n\n    pub fn cls(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.memory.clear();\n        let num_loops = match self.current_res {\n            LowRes =\u003e {\n                CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY\n            }\n            HighRes =\u003e {\n                SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY\n            }\n        };\n        for i in 0..num_loops {\n            self.memory.push(false);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn start_frame(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.has_frame_changed = false;\n    }\n\n    pub fn new(initial_configuration: Box\u003cVec\u003cbool\u003e\u003e) -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            memory: *initial_configuration,\n            has_frame_changed: false,\n            current_res: Chip8VideoModes::LowRes,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn peek(\u0026self, address: u16) -\u003e bool {\n        let loop_value: u16 = if self.is_highres() {\n            SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY as u16\n        } else {\n            CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY as u16\n        };\n        let effective_address = if address \u003e= loop_value {\n            address % loop_value\n        } else { address };\n        self.memory[effective_address as usize]\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke(\u0026mut self, address: u16, new_value: bool) {\n        let loop_value: u16 = self.get_memory_size() as u16;\n        // Loop the address\n        let effective_address = address % loop_value;\n\n        let old_value = self.memory[effective_address as usize];\n        let xored_value = new_value ^ old_value;       // XOR of the video\n        // if the frame has already changed we dont care if it changed again.\n        if !self.has_frame_changed {\n            if old_value != xored_value {\n                self.has_frame_changed = true\n            };\n        }\n\n        //     println!(\"VIDEO POKE COMPLETE WITH {effective_address} SET TO {xored_value}\");\n        self.memory[effective_address as usize] = xored_value;\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_byte(\u0026mut self, first_address: u16, to_write: u8) {\n        for i in (0..8).rev() {\n            self.poke(first_address + (7 - i), (to_write \u0026 (1 \u003c\u003c i)) != 0);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn poke_2byte(\u0026mut self, first_address: u16, to_write: [u8; 2]) {\n        for (idx, _) in to_write.iter().enumerate() {\n            for i in (0..8).rev() {\n                self.poke(first_address + (idx * 8) as u16 + (7 - i), (to_write[idx] \u0026 (1 \u003c\u003c i)) != 0);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn format_as_string(\u0026self) -\u003e String {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        println!(\"FORMATTING {width}x{height}\");\n        let mut output = String::new();\n        for row in 0..height {\n            for column in 0..width {\n                let data_offset = row * width + column;\n                debug!(\"Rendering {data_offset} with value {}\", self.memory[data_offset as usize]);\n                if self.memory[data_offset as usize] {\n                    output += \"*\"\n                } else {\n                    output += \" \"\n                }\n            }\n            output += \"\\n\";\n        }\n        output\n    }\n\n    pub fn get_resolution(\u0026self) -\u003e (i32, i32) {\n        if self.is_highres() {\n            (SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n        } else {\n            (CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n        }\n    }\n    fn get_memory_size(\u0026self) -\u003e i32 {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        width * height\n    }\n\n    pub fn tick(\u0026mut self) {\n        self.has_frame_changed = false;\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_right(\u0026mut self) {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n\n        for current_row in 0..height {\n            let row_offset: usize = (current_row * width) as usize;\n            for current_column in (0..(width - 4)).rev() {\n                let source_address = row_offset + current_column as usize;\n                let target_address = source_address + 4;\n                self.memory[target_address] = self.memory[source_address];\n            }\n            self.memory[row_offset..row_offset + 4].fill(false);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_left(\u0026mut self) {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n\n        for current_row in 0..height {\n            let row_offset = current_row * width;\n            for current_column in (0..width - 4) {\n                let source: usize = (row_offset + current_column) as usize;\n                let target: usize = source + 4;\n                self.memory[target] = self.memory[source];\n            }\n\n            let clear_start: usize = (row_offset + width - 4) as usize;\n            let clear_end: usize = clear_start + 4;\n\n            self.memory[clear_start..clear_end].fill(false);\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn scroll_down(\u0026mut self, how_far: i32) {\n        let (width, height) = self.get_resolution();\n        let row_shift = how_far * width;\n\n        let max_source_row = height - how_far;\n        for current_source_row in (0..max_source_row).rev() {\n            let current_source_offset = current_source_row * width;\n            for current_source_column in (0..width) {\n                let base_offset: usize = (current_source_offset + current_source_column) as usize;\n                let extended_offset: usize = base_offset + row_shift as usize;\n                self.memory[extended_offset] = self.memory[base_offset];\n            };\n        }\n\n        // Clear the new top rows after shifting\n        let clear_end = (how_far * width) as usize;\n        self.memory[0..clear_end].fill(false);\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for Chip8Video {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        let mut mem = vec![];\n        for _ in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY { mem.push(false); }\n        Chip8Video { memory: mem, has_frame_changed: false, current_res: Chip8VideoModes::LowRes }\n    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const CHIP8_REGISTER_COUNT: i32 = 16;\npub const CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE: i32 = 4096i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH: i32 = 64i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT: i32 = 32i32;\npub const CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY: usize = (CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT * CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH) as usize;\npub const CHIP8_ROM_SIZE: usize = 512;\n\npub const RESOURCES_ROOT: \u0026str = \"../resources\";\npub const TESTS_ROOT: \u0026str = \"../resources/tests/\";\n\npub const CHIP8_KEYBOARD: [[u8; 4]; 4] = [\n    [0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x0C],\n    [0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x0D],\n    [0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0E],\n    [0x0A, 0x00, 0x0B, 0x0F]\n];\n\npub const SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT: i32 = 64;\npub const SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH: i32 = 128;\npub const SCHIP_VIDE_MEMORY: usize = (SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT * SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH) as usize;\n\npub const INST_ADDI: \u0026str = \"ADDI\";\npub const INST_ADD: \u0026str = \"ADD\";\npub const INST_ADDR: \u0026str = \"ADDR\";\npub const INST_AND: \u0026str = \"AND\";\npub const INST_CLS: \u0026str = \"CLS\";\npub const INST_CALL: \u0026str = \"CALL\";\npub const INST_DRW: \u0026str = \"DRW\";\npub const INST_EXIT: \u0026str = \"EXIT\";\npub const INST_JPA: \u0026str = \"JPA\";\npub const INST_JPI: \u0026str = \"JPI\";\npub const INST_BCD: \u0026str = \"BCD\";\npub const INST_LDD: \u0026str = \"LDD\";\npub const INST_LDF: \u0026str = \"LDF\";\npub const INST_LDF2: \u0026str = \"LDF2\";\npub const INST_LDIA: \u0026str = \"LDIA\";\npub const INST_LDIX: \u0026str = \"LDIX\";\npub const INST_LIDR: \u0026str = \"LIDR\";\npub const INST_LDIS: \u0026str = \"LDIS\";\npub const INST_LDR: \u0026str = \"LDR\";\npub const INST_LDRD: \u0026str = \"LDRD\";\npub const INST_LDRI: \u0026str = \"LDRI\";\npub const INST_LDRK: \u0026str = \"LDRK\";\npub const INST_LDRY: \u0026str = \"LDRY\";\npub const INST_OR: \u0026str = \"OR\";\npub const INST_RET: \u0026str = \"RET\";\npub const INST_RND: \u0026str = \"RND\";\npub const INST_SDN: \u0026str = \"SDN\";\npub const INST_SRT: \u0026str = \"SRT\";\npub const INST_SLF: \u0026str = \"SLF\";\npub const INST_SEX: \u0026str = \"SEX\";\npub const INST_SEY: \u0026str = \"SEY\";\npub const INST_SHL: \u0026str = \"SHL\";\npub const INST_SHR: \u0026str = \"SHR\";\npub const INST_SKP: \u0026str = \"SKP\";\npub const INST_SKNP: \u0026str = \"SKNP\";\npub const INST_SNEB: \u0026str = \"SNEB\";\npub const INST_SNEY: \u0026str = \"SNEY\";\npub const INST_STR: \u0026str = \"STR\";\npub const INST_SUB: \u0026str = \"SUB\";\npub const INST_SUBC: \u0026str = \"SUBC\";\npub const INST_SYS: \u0026str = \"SYS\";\npub const INST_DIS: \u0026str = \"DIS\";\npub const INST_ENA: \u0026str = \"ENA\";\npub const INST_ORY: \u0026str = \"ORY\";\n\npub const CHIP8_PROGRAM_LOAD_OFFSET: i32 = 0x200;\npub const CHIP8FONT_0: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_1: [u8; 5] = [0x20, 0x60, 0x20, 0x20, 0x70];\npub const CHIP8FONT_2: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_3: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_4: [u8; 5] = [0x90, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x10, 0x10];\npub const CHIP8FONT_5: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_6: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_7: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x40];\npub const CHIP8FONT_8: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_9: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x10, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_A: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x90, 0xF0, 0x90, 0x90];\npub const CHIP8FONT_B: [u8; 5] = [0xE0, 0x90, 0xE0, 0x90, 0xE0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_C: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0x80, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_D: [u8; 5] = [0xE0, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0xE0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_E: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0];\npub const CHIP8FONT_F: [u8; 5] = [0xF0, 0x80, 0xF0, 0x80, 0x80];\n\npub const SCHIPFONT_0: [u8; 0x20] = [\n    0x00, 0x00,\n    0x01, 0x80,\n    0x03, 0xc0,\n    0x06, 0x60,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x18, 0x18,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x0c, 0x30,\n    0x06, 0x60,\n    0x03, 0xc0,     // 0b0000001111000000\n    0x01, 0x80,     // 0b0000000110000000\n    0x00, 0x00      // 0b0000000000000000\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_1: [u8; 0x20] = [\n    0x00, 0x00,\n    0x03, 0xc0,\n    0x02, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x00, 0xc0,\n    0x03, 0xf0,\n    0x00, 0x00\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_2: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC7, 0xC3, 0xC0, 0xE0,\n    0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C, 0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_3: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC7, 0xC3, 0xC0, 0xE0,\n    0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C, 0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_4: [u8; 0x20] = [0xE0, 0xF0, 0xF8, 0xFC, 0xFE, 0xF7, 0xF3, 0xF1,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC0, 0xC0,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_5: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x3F, 0x7F, 0x7F,\n    0x01, 0x01, 0xC1, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\npub const SCHIPFONT_6: [u8; 0x20] = [0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_7: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xE0, 0xF0, 0x78, 0x3C,\n    0x1E, 0x0F, 0x07, 0x03, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_8: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0x7E, 0xFE, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_9: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0x7F, 0x03, 0x03, 0xC7, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_A: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_B: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFE, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_C: [u8; 0x20] = [0x7C, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0x01, 0x01,\n    0x01, 0x01, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_D: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3,\n    0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xC3, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0x7C, 0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_E: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78\n];\npub const SCHIPFONT_F: [u8; 0x20] = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03,0x78, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x83, 0x01, 0x01, 0xFF,\n    0xFF, 0xFF, 0xC3, 0xE3, 0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0x78];\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","src","lib.rs"],"content":"pub mod chip8 {\n    pub mod video;\n    pub mod sound_timer;\n    pub mod delay_timer;\n    pub mod keypad;\n    pub mod computer;\n    pub mod system_memory;\n    pub mod instructions;\n    pub mod cpu_states;\n    pub mod util;\n    pub mod registers;\n\n    pub mod stack;\n    pub  mod computer_manager;\n    pub mod quirk_modes;\n}\n\npub mod constants;","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","tests","computer_tests.rs"],"content":"use gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::constants::CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY;\n\n#[test]\nfn smoke() { assert!(true) }\n\nfn load_result(to_load: \u0026str) -\u003e String {\n    std::fs::read_to_string(format!(\"../resources/test/{}\", to_load)).unwrap()\n}\n\nfn load_rom(to_load: \u0026str) -\u003e Vec\u003cu8\u003e {\n    std::fs::read(format!(\"../resources/roms/{}\", to_load)).unwrap()\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn reset_clears_video() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        x.video_memory.poke(i as u16, i % 2 == 0);\n    }\n\n    x.reset();\n    x.video_memory.reset();\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.video_memory.peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level1_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let level_1_rom = load_rom(\"1-chip8-logo.ch8\");\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, (\u0026level_1_rom).into());\n\n    // run for 0x40 cycles\n    while x.num_cycles \u003c 0x40 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_level_1_test.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level2_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // Load the IBM rom and run it.\n    // it takes 39 cycles to get to the end so lets run it 40.\n    let test_rom_to_run = load_rom(\"2-ibm-logo.ch8\");\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, (\u0026test_rom_to_run).into());\n    for _ in 0..40 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    // ...then verify that the current video memory of the chip-8\n    // simulator matches what we expect it to be\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_ibm_rom_output.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level3_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n     x.load_bytes_to_memory(\n         0x200, (\u0026load_rom(\"3-corax+.ch8\")).into()\n     );\n    for i in 0..0x180 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_corax_plus.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn rps_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026load_rom(\"RPS.ch8\").into());\n    for _ in 0..0xF0 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_rps_stage1.asc\"));\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x01);\n    for _ in 0..0x200 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_rps_stage2.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn level4_test() {\n    // flags\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026load_rom(\"4-flags.ch8\").into());\n    for _ in 0..0x400 {\n        x.step_system();\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.dump_video_to_string(), load_result(\"gemma_integration_flags.asc\"));\n}\n","traces":[{"line":7,"address":[299120],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":8,"address":[299350,299247],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":11,"address":[299568],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":12,"address":[299798,299695],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":5}}],"covered":4,"coverable":4},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemma","tests","unit_tests.rs"],"content":"use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet};\nuse log::debug;\nuse rand::random;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::delay_timer::DelayTimer;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA;\nuse gemma::chip8::keypad::Keypad;\nuse gemma::chip8::registers::Chip8Registers;\nuse gemma::chip8::sound_timer::SoundTimer;\nuse gemma::chip8::stack::Chip8Stack;\nuse gemma::chip8::util::InstructionUtil;\nuse gemma::chip8::video::Chip8Video;\nuse gemma::constants::*;\n\nconst TEST_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_DIR: \u0026str = \"../resources/test/\";\n\nfn read_test_result(suffix: \u0026str) -\u003e String {\n    std::fs::read_to_string(TEST_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_DIR.to_owned() + suffix)\n        .unwrap()\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn smoke() {\n    assert!(true)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn encode_decode_test() {\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS.encode(), 0x00E0);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::RET.encode(), 0x00EE);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x123).encode(), 0x0123);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0x234).encode(), 0x1234);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x345).encode(), 0x2345);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x4, 0x56).encode(), 0x3456);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0xa, 0xbc).encode(), 0x4abc);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0xa, 0xb).encode(), 0x5ab0);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(0xa, 0xff).encode(), 0x6aff);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0xa, 0xbc).encode(), 0x7abc);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(0xa, 0xb).encode(), 0x8ab0);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(0xb, 0xa).encode(), 0x8ba1);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(0xc, 0xd).encode(), 0x8cd2);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(0xd, 0xe).encode(), 0x8de3);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0xe, 0xf).encode(), 0x8ef4);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0xf, 0x0).encode(), 0x8f05);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x0, 0x1).encode(), 0x8016);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2).encode(), 0x8127);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x3, 0x4).encode(), 0x834e);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0xa, 0xb).encode(), 0x9ab0);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x123).encode(), 0xa123);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x234).encode(), 0xb234);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0xa, 0xca).encode(), 0xcaca);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(0xa, 0xb, 0x4).encode(), 0xdab4);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1).encode(), 0xe19e);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x2).encode(), 0xe2a1);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x1).encode(), 0xf107);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x4).encode(), 0xf40a);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x6).encode(), 0xf615);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(0xb).encode(), 0xfb18);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0xd).encode(), 0xfd1e);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0xc).encode(), 0xfc29);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(0xd).encode(), 0xfd33);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(0xe).encode(), 0xfe55);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x3).encode(), 0xf365);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(0x1).encode(), 0x00C1);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF.encode(), 0x00FC);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT.encode(), 0x00FB);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT.encode(), 0x00FD);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA.encode(), 0x00FF);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS.encode(), 0x00FE);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(0).encode(), 0xF030);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(1).encode(), 0xF175);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(1).encode(), 0xF185);\n\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xF175), Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(1)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xF185), Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(1)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00C1u16), Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(0x01)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00FCu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00FBu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00FDu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00FEu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00FFu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xF030u16), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(0)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00E0u16), Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x00EEu16), Chip8CpuInstructions::RET));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x0123), Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x123)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x0FFF), Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0xfff)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x1002), Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0x2)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x1FF0), Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0xFF0)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x2002), Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x2)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x3123), Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x1, 0x23)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x4abc), Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0xa, 0xbc)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x5ab0), Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0xa, 0xb)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x6aff), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(0xa, 0xff)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x7abc), Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0xa, 0xbc)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8ab0), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(0xa, 0xb)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8ba1), Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(0xb, 0xa)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8cd2), Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(0xc, 0xd)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8de3), Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(0xd, 0xe)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8ef4), Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0xe, 0xf)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8f05), Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0xf, 0x0)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8016), Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x0, 0x1)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x8127), Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x834e), Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x3, 0x4)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0x9ab0), Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0xa, 0xb)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xa123), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x123)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xb234), Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x234)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xcaca), Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0xa, 0xca)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xdab4), Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(0xa, 0xb, 0x4)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xe19e), Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xe2a1), Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x2)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xf107), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x1)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xf40a), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x4)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xf615), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x6)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xfb18), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(0xb)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xfd1e), Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0xd)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xfc29), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0xc)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xfd33), Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(0xd)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xfe55), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(0xe)));\n    assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(0xf365), Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x3)));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn decoder_test_invalid_instructions() {\n    let invalid_to_encode = [\n        0x5ab1, 0x5abf, 0x8ab8, 0x8abd, 0x8abf,\n        0x9ab1, 0x9abf, 0xea9d, 0xea9f, 0xeaa0,\n        0xeaa2, 0xf006, 0xf008\n    ];\n\n    for i in invalid_to_encode {\n        assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(i).encode(), 0xffff);\n        assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(i), Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION));\n    }\n}\n\n/// START OF THE EXECUTION TESTS\n#[test]\nfn instruction_tests() {\n    // 0x0nnn Exit to System Call\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0xFA0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xFA0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x0AF).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x0AF);\n\n    // 0x1nnn Jump to Address\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0xABC).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xABC);\n\n    // 0x6xkk Set Vx = kk\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(1, 0x12).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0x12);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(2, 0x21).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(2), 0x21);\n\n    // 0x3xkk Skip next instruction if Vx = kk.\n    // The interpreter compares register Vx to kk,\n    // and if they are equal, increments the program counter by 2.\n\n    // test setup: Load value 0x84 into V1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x84);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(1, 0x48).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x84);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(1, 0x84).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    // 0x4xkk Skip next instruction if Vx != kk\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x84);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x84);\n    // skip, compare 0x84 to 0x84\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x84);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x48);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    // 0x8xy0 Set value of Vy in Vx\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x02);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0x02);\n\n    // 0x8xy1 Set Vx = Vx OR Vy\n    //   0b0101 0000 (0x50)\n    // | 0b0000 1010 (0x0A)\n    //   0b0101 1010 (0x5A)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b01010000);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b00001010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b01011010);\n\n    // 0x8xy2 Set Vx = Vx AND Vy\n    //   0b1111 1100 (0xFC)\n    // \u0026 0b1100 1010 (0xCA)\n    //   0b1100 1000 (0xC8)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xFC);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0xCA);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0xC8);\n\n    // 0x8xy3 Set Vx = Vx XOR Vy\n    //   0b1111 1100 (0xFC)\n    // ^ 0b1100 1010 (0xCA)\n    //   0b0011 0110 (0x36)\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b11111100);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b11001010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00110110);\n\n    // 0x8xy4 Set Vx = Vx + Vy (SET VF on Carry)\n    //    T1             T2: Judgement Test\n    //   0x01           0xFF\n    // + 0x01           0x01\n    //   0x02 F0        0x00 F1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x00);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x02);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xff);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(1, 2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0);\n\n    /*\n    Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n\n    If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n    */\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b00001000);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0b00000000);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);     // 0b0000 0010 (0x02) (Not Set)\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00000100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0);\n\n    x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x00);\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b00001001);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0b00000100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x123).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 0x123);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn jp_v0addr_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    /// jump to I + nnn\n    x.registers.poke(0x0, 0xff);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x100).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x1FF);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn cls_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert_eq!(x.video_memory.peek(i as u16), false);\n    }\n    // draw some thing to the video memory\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x01, true);\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x03, true);\n    x.video_memory.poke(0x05, true);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS.execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert_eq!(x.video_memory.peek(i as u16), false);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn skip_next_instruction_ne_text() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x1, 0x0f).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x1, 0xf0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn addivx_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke_i(0xabc);\n    x.registers.poke(0x0, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0x0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 0xacc);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ldstvt_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(0x01).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.sound_timer.current(), 0xf0);\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    x.sound_timer.tick();\n    assert_eq!(x.sound_timer.current(), 0xed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn rnd_vx_byte_text() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x1, 0x0f).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    let new_value = x.registers.peek(0x1);\n    assert!(new_value \u003c 0x10);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn add_vx_byte_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // set a value in the register\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xab);\n    // add 0x10 to register\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x1, 0x10).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(1), 0xbb);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sub_vx_vy_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // load values in 2 registers\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x08);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x1, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 1);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0x8);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sne_vx_vy_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0x00);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ld_dt_vx_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x10);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0x10);\n    for i in 0..0x20 {\n        x.delay_timer.tick();\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn ld_vx_dt_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xf0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    x.delay_timer.tick();\n    assert_eq!(x.delay_timer.current(), 0xed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn subn_vx_vy_test() {\n    // This instruction subtracts the value in\n    // register Vx from the value in register Vy and stores the result in register Vx.\n    // The subtraction is performed as follows: Vx = Vy - Vx. If Vy is less than Vx,\n    // the result will wrap around (due to the 8-bit nature of the registers).\n    // The carry flag (VF) is set to 1 if there is no borrow (i.e., Vy is greater\n    // than or equal to Vx), and it is set to 0 if there is a borrow.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0xa0);\n    x.registers.poke(0x2, 0xab);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // expect the result to be 0x0b\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0x0b);\n    // expect the vf register to be set to 1 as there was overflow\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x1);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xab);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0xa0);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0x1, 0x2).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // expect the result to be 11110101, -0xB, -11, 245, 0xF5\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0xf5);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x0);\n\n    // 8xyE - SHL Vx {, Vy}\n    // Set Vx = Vx SHL 1.\n    //\n    // If the most-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1, otherwise to 0. Then Vx is multiplied by 2.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0b00100000);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x1, 0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0b01000000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x0);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0b10101010);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x1, 0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x1), 0b01010100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0xf), 0x1);\n\n    // Fx29 - LD F, Vx\n    // Set I = location of sprite for digit Vx.\n    //\n    // The value of I is set to the location for the hexadecimal sprite corresponding to the value of Vx. See section 2.4, Display, for more information on the Chip-8 hexadecimal font.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // target_sprite = 2\n    // target_offset = 0x5\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x2);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 10);\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x06);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_i(), 30);\n\n    // Fx33 - LD B, Vx\n    // Store BCD representation of Vx in memory locations I, I+1, and I+2.\n    //\n    // The interpreter takes the decimal value of Vx, and places the hundreds digit\n    // in memory at location in I, the tens digit at location I+1,\n    // and the ones digit at location I+2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    // load the value 123 (0x7b)\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x7b);\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x500), 0x1);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x501), 0x2);\n    assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x502), 0x3);\n\n    // Store registers V0 through Vx in memory starting at location I.\n    //\n    // The interpreter copies the values of registers V0 through Vx into memory,\n    // starting at the address in I.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    // Load Registers.\n    let to_load = [0xab, 0xba, 0xca, 0xca, 0xbe, 0xef];\n    for (idx, val) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        x.registers.poke(idx as u8, *val);\n    }\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(to_load.len() as u8).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // Verify the values are in memory from 0x500 to 0x507\n    for (idx, value) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        assert_eq!(x.memory.peek(0x500 + idx as u16), *value);\n    }\n\n    // Read registers V0 through Vx from memory starting at location I.\n    //\n    // The interpreter reads values from memory starting at location I into registers V0 through Vx.\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    let base_offset = 0x500;\n    let to_load = [0xab, 0xba, 0xca, 0xca, 0xbe, 0xef];\n\n    // start by setting values in memory\n    for (idx, memory) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        let target_address = base_offset + idx;\n        let target_value = *memory;\n        x.memory.poke(target_address as u16, target_value);\n    }\n    // where to load from\n    x.registers.poke_i(0x500);\n    // how much to load\n    x.registers.poke(0x6, to_load.len() as u8);\n\n    // then copying them values memory to registers\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x6).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // now check that we have the right values in our registers\n    for (idx, value) in to_load.iter().enumerate() {\n        assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(idx as u8), *value);\n    }\n\n    // ExA1 - SKNP Vx\n    // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is not pressed.\n    //\n    // Checks the keyboard,\n    // and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the up position,\n    // PC is increased by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x5);\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x202);\n    x.keypad.release_key(0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x206);\n\n    // Ex9E - SKP Vx\n    // Skip next instruction if key with the value of Vx is pressed.\n    //\n    // Checks the keyboard, and if the key corresponding to the value of Vx is currently in the down position, PC is increased by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x5);\n    x.registers.poke(0x1, 0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x204);\n\n    x.keypad.release_key(0x5);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x206);\n}\n\nfn draw_nibble_vx_vy_n_test_hd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n\n    let x_register = 0x01;\n    let x_offset = 0x03;\n    let y_register = 0x02;\n    let y_offset = 0x04;\n    let char_offset = 0x100;\n    x.registers.poke(x_register, x_offset);\n    x.registers.poke(y_register, y_offset);\n    x.video_memory.set_highres();\n    x.registers.poke_i(char_offset);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, 0).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    println!(\"[[{}]]\", x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"\"), x.video_memory.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn draw_nibble_vx_vy_n_test_sd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let x_register = 0x1;\n    let y_register = 0x2;\n    let x_offset = 1;\n    let y_offset = 2;\n    let char_offset = 0x0A;\n\n    // now lets set the X and Y to 1,2\n    x.registers.poke(x_register, x_offset);\n    x.registers.poke(y_register, y_offset);\n    x.registers.poke_i(char_offset);\n    // we are using 5 rows.\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(x_register, y_register, 5).execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    // now check that video memory has the values at\n    // 1,2-\u003e1,9\n    // 2,2-\u003e2,9\n    // 3,2-\u003e3,9\n    // 4,2-\u003e4,9\n    // 5,2-\u003e5,9\n    //  let byte_to_check = CHIP8FONT_0[0];\n    for row_in_sprite in 0..5 {\n        let row_data = CHIP8FONT_2[row_in_sprite];\n        for bit_in_byte in 0..8 {\n            let data_offset = (x_offset\n                as u16 + row_in_sprite as u16) * 64 + (bit_in_byte + y_offset) as u16;\n            let real_bit_in_byte = 7 - bit_in_byte;\n            let shifted_one = 0x01 \u003c\u003c real_bit_in_byte;\n            let one_shift_set = (shifted_one \u0026 row_data) \u003e 0;\n            debug!(\"ROWDATA = \\t\\t[{row_data:08b}]\\tBIT IN BYTE = \\t[{bit_in_byte}]\\tONE_SHIFT_SET = [{one_shift_set}]\\tSHIFTED ONE = [{shifted_one:08b}]\");\n            debug!(\"DATA_OFFSET FOR SOURCE DATA {}x{} is {} / offset by {}x{} and should be {} working with byte {:08b}\",\n                         bit_in_byte, row_in_sprite, data_offset, x_offset, y_offset, one_shift_set, row_data);\n        }\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sub_test() {\n    // 2nnn\n    // Call a subroutine at 2nnn\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x124).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x124);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 1);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x564).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x564);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 2);\n\n    // SETUP\n    // Return from a subroutine.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.stack.push(\u00260x132);\n    x.stack.push(\u00260xabc);\n    // EXECUTE\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RET.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // VERIFY\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0xabc);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 1);\n    // EXECUTE\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::RET.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    // VERIFY\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek_pc(), 0x132);\n    assert_eq!(x.stack.depth(), 0);\n}\n\n\n#[test]\nfn ldvxk_test() {\n    // SETUP\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x1).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert!(matches!(x.state, gemma::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForKey));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn series8xy4_corex_tests() {\n    /// 8xy4\n    /// Set Vx = Vx + Vy\n    /// Set VF=1 if Carry\n    ///\n\n    // 1 + 1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x01);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x02);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    // 255+1\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0xff);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 0x01);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0x00);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n\n    // 128+192\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 128);\n    x.registers.poke(0x02, 192);\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 64);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 1);\n\n    // 8xy6 - SHR Vx {, Vy}\n    // Set Vx = Vx SHR 1.\n    //\n    // If the least-significant bit of Vx is 1, then VF is set to 1,\n    // otherwise 0. Then Vx is divided by 2.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    // 0b10101010 -\u003e 0b01010101\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0b10101010);\n    x.registers.poke(0x0f, 0x0);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01010100);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 1);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b10101000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01010000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b10100000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x00);\n\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x01, 0x00).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x01), 0b01000000);\n    assert_eq!(x.registers.peek(0x0f), 0x01);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn random_produces_different_numbers() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.registers.poke(0x01, 0x00);\n    let first_number = Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x01, 0xff).execute(\u0026mut x).registers.peek(0x01);\n    let second_number = Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x01, 0xff).execute(\u0026mut x).registers.peek(0x01);\n    assert_ne!(first_number, second_number);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn delay_timer_ticks_reduce_time() {\n    let mut st = DelayTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(100);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 97);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn delay_timer_out_of_ticks_works() {\n    let mut st = DelayTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(0);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn keypad_keys_check() {\n    let mut k = Keypad::new();\n\n    for i in 0..16 {\n        assert!(!k.key_state(i));\n    }\n\n    // press a key\n    k.push_key(1);\n    k.push_key(2);\n    assert!(k.pressed(1));\n    assert!(k.pressed(2));\n    k.release_key(1);\n    assert!(k.released(1));\n}\n\n\n#[test]\nfn keypad_string_format_test() {\n    let mut k = Keypad::new();\n\n\n    assert_eq!(k.format_as_string(), read_test_result(\"gemma_keypad_string_result.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn register_rw_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.poke(0x0, 0xff);\n    x.poke(0x1, 0xab);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek(0x0), 0xff);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek(0x1), 0xab);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn pc_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.set_pc(0x300);\n    assert_eq!(x.peek_pc(), 0x300);\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn invalid_register() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    x.poke(0x10, 0xff);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn format_as_string_looks_right() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n    for i in 0..0x10 {\n        x.registers[i] = i as u8;\n    }\n    x.pc = 0xabc;\n    x.i_register = 0xcab;\n    let result_string = x.format_as_string();\n    assert_eq!(result_string, String::from(\"Vx: 0x00 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x04 0x05 0x06 0x07\\n    0x08 0x09 0x0a 0x0b 0x0c 0x0d 0x0e 0x0f\\nI: 0x0cab\\tPC: 0x0abc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn reset_clears_registers() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Registers::default();\n\n    for register in 0..0x10 {\n        x.poke(register, random::\u003cu8\u003e());\n    }\n    x.reset();\n    for register in 0..0x10 {\n        assert_eq!(x.peek(register), 0x00);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sound_timer_ticks_reduce_time() {\n    let mut st = SoundTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(100);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 97);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn sound_timer_out_of_ticks_works() {\n    let mut st = SoundTimer::new();\n    st.set_timer(0);\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    st.tick();\n    assert_eq!(st.current(), 0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn stack_push_pop_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n\n    // lets see if we can push and pop a bunch\n    x.push(\u00260xabcu16);\n    x.push(\u00260xcdeu16);\n    x.pop();\n    assert_eq!(x.depth(), 1);\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn stack_overflow_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    for i in 0..17 {\n        x.push(\u0026i);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\n#[should_panic]\nfn stack_underflow_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    x.pop();\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn stack_lots_of_subs() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Stack::new();\n    let stack_contents = [0x123, 0x321, 0xabc, 0xdef,\n        0xbad, 0xbef, 0xfed, 0xcab,\n        0xbed, 0xcad, 0xfeb, 0xcab,\n        0xfff, 0x000, 0x001];\n    for i in stack_contents {\n        x.push(\u0026i);\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(x.depth(), 15);\n\n    // up to 50 random loops\n    let num_loops: u8 = random::\u003cu8\u003e() % 50;\n    for i in 0..num_loops {\n        let start_count = x.depth();\n        let num_pop = random::\u003cu8\u003e() % x.depth() as u8;\n        for current_pop in 0..num_pop {\n            x.pop();\n        }\n\n        let post_pop_count = x.depth();\n        assert_eq!(post_pop_count as u8, start_count as u8 - num_pop);\n        for current_push in 0..num_pop {\n            x.push(\u0026stack_contents[(current_push + post_pop_count as u8) as usize]);\n        }\n        assert_eq!(x.depth(), 15);\n    }\n}\n\n\n#[test]\nfn video_split_bytes() {\n    // from 0xABCD we should have AB high, CD low\n    let (low, high) = InstructionUtil::split_bytes(0xabcd);\n    assert_eq!(low, 0xAB);\n    assert_eq!(high, 0xCD);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_join_bytes() {\n    // from 0xAB low and 0xCD high we get 0xABCD\n    let merged = InstructionUtil::join_bytes(0xcd, 0xab);\n    assert_eq!(merged, 0xcdab);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_read_from_instruction() {\n    // from 0xABCD\n    let source = 0xABCD;\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_addr_from_instruction(source), 0xBCD);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_nibble_from_instruction(source), 0xD);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_x_from_instruction(source), 0xB);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_y_from_instruction(source), 0xC);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_byte_from_instruction(source), 0xCD);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_ubln() {\n    // from 0xABCD we should see B\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0xABCD), 0xB);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0x0123), 0x1);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::read_upper_byte_lower_nibble(0x0000), 0x0);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_byte_to_bool_changes() {\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b00000000), [false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false]);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11111111), [true, true, true, true, true, true, true, true]);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11001100), [false, false, true, true, false, false, true, true]);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::byte_to_bools(0b11110000), [false, false, false, false, true, true, true, true]);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false]), 0b00000000);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([true, true, true, true, true, true, true, true]), 0b11111111);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, true, true, false, false, true, true]), 0b11001100);\n    assert_eq!(InstructionUtil::bools_to_byte([false, false, false, false, true, true, true, true]), 0b11110000);\n}\n\n\nfn real_build_checkboard(in_hd: bool) -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    let mut r = Chip8Video::default();\n    let (width, height) = if in_hd {\n        r.set_highres();\n        (SCHIP_VIDEO_WIDTH, SCHIP_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n    } else {\n        (CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT)\n    };\n\n    println!(\"BUILDING BOARD WITH SIZE OF {width}x{height}\");\n\n    for row in 0..height {\n        let data_offset = row * width;\n\n        for col in 0..width {\n            // XOR row and column indices to alternate in a checkerboard pattern\n            let to_poke = (row % 2) ^ (col % 2) == 1;\n            let local_offset: u16 = (data_offset + col) as u16;\n\n            r.poke(local_offset, to_poke);\n        }\n    }\n    r\n}\n\nfn build_checkboard_hd() -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    real_build_checkboard(true)\n}\n\nfn build_checkerboard() -\u003e Chip8Video {\n    real_build_checkboard(false)\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_default_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    for i in 0..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!x.clone().peek(i as u16));\n        // then flip the value and test again.\n        \u0026x.poke(i as u16, true);\n        assert!(x.clone().peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_set_initial_memory_sd() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    // let mut initial_memory = [false; CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY];\n    let mut ws = String::new();\n    // set our checkerboard\n    for cbr in 0..32 {\n        for cbc in 0..64 {\n            let dof = cbr * 64 + cbc;\n            if (dof as i32 % 2) == 0 {\n                x.poke(dof, true);\n                ws += \"*\";\n            } else {\n                ws += \" \";\n            }\n        }\n        ws += \"\\n\";\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.format_as_string(), ws);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_byte_test() {\n    let to_poke = 0b11001111;\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x05, to_poke);\n    let mut expected = String::new();\n    expected = \"     **  ****                                                   \\n\".to_string();\n    for i in 0..31 {\n        expected += \u0026*(\" \".repeat(64) + \"\\n\");\n    }\n    assert_eq!(x.format_as_string(), expected);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_2byte_test() {\n    let to_poke: [u8; 2] = [\n        0b11001111,\n        0b00111100\n    ];\n\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_2byte(0x00, to_poke);\n\n    let mut expected = String::new();\n    expected = \"**  ****  ****  \".to_string() + \u0026*\" \".repeat(64 - 16).to_string() + \"\\n\";\n    for i in 0..31 {\n        expected += \u0026*((\u0026*\" \".repeat(64)).to_string() + \"\\n\");\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(expected, x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_multirow_2_byte_sprite() {\n    // take 2 rows of 16bits and write them to memory\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_cls_stddef() {\n    let width = 64;\n    let height = 32;\n    let mut initial_memory = vec![];\n    let mut ws = String::new();\n    let mut set_x = Chip8Video::new(initial_memory.into());\n    for cbr in 0..32 {\n        ws += \u0026*\" \".repeat(width);\n        ws += \"\\n\";\n    }\n    set_x.cls();\n\n    assert_eq!(set_x.format_as_string(), ws);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_byte_test_2() {\n    let to_poke = 0b10101010;\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    v.poke_byte(0x00, to_poke);\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x00));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x01));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x02));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x03));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x04));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x05));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(0x06));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(0x07));\n    for i in 0x8..CHIP8_VIDEO_MEMORY {\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(i as u16));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_poke_multi_line_test() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    let to_poke = [\n        0b00000000,\n        0b11111111,\n        0b10101010,\n        0b01010101\n    ];\n\n    for (byte_in_set, byte_to_poke) in to_poke.iter().enumerate() {\n        let base_offset = byte_in_set * 64;\n        v.poke_byte(base_offset as u16, *byte_to_poke);\n    }\n\n    // row 2 column 1\n    {\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x40));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x41));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x42));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x43));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x44));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x45));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x46));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0x47));\n\n        // row 3 column 1\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC0));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC1));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC2));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC3));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC4));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC5));\n        assert!(!v.clone().peek(0xC6));\n        assert!(v.clone().peek(0xC7));\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_moved_poke_test() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    let to_poke = [\n        0b00000000,\n        0b11111111,\n        0b10101010,\n        0b01010101\n    ];\n\n    let x_offset = 20;\n    let y_offset = 5;\n\n\n    for (byte_in_set, byte_to_poke) in to_poke.iter().enumerate() {\n        let base_offset = (x_offset + byte_in_set) * 64 + y_offset;\n        v.poke_byte(base_offset as u16, *byte_to_poke);\n    }\n\n    let test_offset = (x_offset * 64 + y_offset) as u16;\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 1));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 2));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 3));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 4));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 5));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 6));\n    assert!(!v.clone().peek(test_offset + 7));\n\n    let test_offset = test_offset + 0x40;\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 1));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 2));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 3));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 4));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 5));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 6));\n    assert!(v.clone().peek(test_offset + 7));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_verify_change_registered() {\n    let mut v = Chip8Video::default();\n    v.poke(0x01, true);\n    v.poke(0x01, true);\n    assert!(v.has_frame_changed);\n\n    v.start_frame();\n    assert!(!v.has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_write_checkboard() {\n    let mut v = build_checkerboard();\n    assert_eq!(v.clone().format_as_string(), read_test_result(\"test_video_write_checkerboard.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_zero_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    for (byte_index, data_offset) in (0..=0x100).step_by(0x40).enumerate() {\n        x.poke_byte(data_offset as u16, CHIP8FONT_0[byte_index]);\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_zero.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_multi_sprite_test() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    // draw a row of digits 01234567\n    let to_draw = [CHIP8FONT_0, CHIP8FONT_1, CHIP8FONT_2, CHIP8FONT_3, CHIP8FONT_4, CHIP8FONT_5, CHIP8FONT_6, CHIP8FONT_7];\n    for (index, sprite) in to_draw.iter().enumerate() {\n        let data_base_offset = index * 0x8;\n        for (index, offset) in (0..=0x100).step_by(0x40).enumerate() {\n            x.poke_byte((data_base_offset + offset) as u16, sprite[index]);\n        }\n    }\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_multi_sprite.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_reset_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.reset();\n    assert_eq!(x.format_as_string(), read_test_result(\"test_reset_clears_video.asc\"));\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_collision_test() {\n    // Setup: Set 0xFF to 0x00 with a new frame ready\n    // Action: Run Poke to the same area\n    // Test: Verify the 'changed' flag is tripped\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0xff);\n    x.tick();\n    // set the cell thats already set...\n    x.poke(0x00, true);\n    // it becomes unset and theres a frame changed\n    assert_eq!(false, x.peek(0x00));\n\n    assert_eq!(true, x.clone().has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_collision_test2() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Video::default();\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0b11110000);\n    assert_eq!(true, x.has_frame_changed);\n    x.tick();\n    assert_eq!(false, x.has_frame_changed);\n    // clear the 'has changed' flag\n\n    // now set a no-collision value\n    x.poke_byte(0x00, 0b00001111);\n    assert_eq!(true, x.has_frame_changed);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_peek_out_of_bounds_doesnt_panic() {\n    let x = Chip8Video::default();\n\n    let y = x.clone().peek(2049);\n    let y = x.clone().peek(0);\n\n    // if we got here we didn't panic\n    assert!(true);\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_1_row_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_down(1);\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_1.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_10_row_test() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_down(10);\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_10.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_high_res_has_right_resolution() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    println!(\"[{}]\", x.format_as_string());\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_highdef.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_1_row_test_schip() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_down(1);\n\n    println!(\"[{}]\", x.format_as_string());\n    println!(\"[{}]\", read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_1_hd.asc\"));\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_1_hd.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_down_10_row_test_schip() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_down(10);\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_down_10_hd.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_left_4_row_test_std_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_left();\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_left_4_row_test_high_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_left();\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4_hd.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_right_4_row_test_std_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkerboard();\n    x.scroll_right();\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn video_scroll_right_4_row_test_high_def() {\n    let mut x = build_checkboard_hd();\n    x.scroll_right();\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4_hd.asc\"), x.format_as_string());\n}\n\nstruct InstructionTest {\n    name: String,\n    instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions,\n    operands: String,\n    asm: String,\n    encoded: u16,\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instructions_name_tests() {\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x0000).name(), INST_SYS);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x0, 0x1).name(), INST_ADD);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(0x0).name(), INST_ADDI);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x01, 0x02).name(), INST_ADDR);\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(0x01, 0x02).name(), INST_AND);\n\n    let it = vec![\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SYS.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x123),\n            operands: \"0x0123\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SYS 0x0123\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x0123\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_CLS.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS,\n            asm: \"CLS\".to_string(),\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00E0\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_RET.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::RET,\n            asm: \"RET\".to_string(),\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00ee\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPA.to_string(),\n            instruction: JPA(0x234),\n            asm: \"JPA 0x0234\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xb234,\n            operands: \"0x0234\".to_string(),\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_CALL.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x123),\n            asm: \"CALL 0x0123\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x2123,\n            operands: \"0x0123\".to_string()\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_DRW.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(0x01, 0x02, 0x03),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0x02, 0x03\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"DRW 0x01, 0x02, 0x03\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xd123\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPI.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x321),\n            operands: \"0x0321\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"JPI 0x0321\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xb321\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SDN.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SDN 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00c1\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SRT.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SRT\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FB\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SLF.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SLF\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FC,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_EXIT.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"EXIT\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FD,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_DIS.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"DIS\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FE,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ENA.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA,\n            operands: \"\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ENA\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x00FF,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SEX.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x01, 0xfa),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xfa\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SEX 0x01, 0xfa\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x32fa,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SNEB.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x01, 0xab),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SNEB 0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x41ab,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SEY.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SEY 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x5120\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(0xa, 0xbe),\n            operands: \"0x0a, 0xbe\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDR 0x0a, 0xbe\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x6abe,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADD.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x01, 0xab),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ADD 0x01, 0xab\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x71ab\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRY.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRY 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8120,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_OR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"OR 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8121\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_AND.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(0xb, 0xc),\n            operands: \"0xb, 0xc\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"AND 0xb, 0xc\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8bc2,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ORY.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(0xa, 0x3),\n            operands: \"0xa, 0x3\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ORY 0xa, 0x3\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8a33\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_ADDR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x1, 0x2),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"ADDR 0x1, 0x2\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8124\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SUB.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x4, 0x5),\n            operands: \"0x4, 0x5\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SUB 0x4, 0x5\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8455\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SHR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x01, 0x1),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x1\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SHR 0x1, 0x1\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8116,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SUBC.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0xf, 0xa),\n            operands: \"0xf, 0xa\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SUBC 0xf, 0xa\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x8fa7,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SHL.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x1, 0x4),\n            operands: \"0x1, 0x4\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SHL 0x1, 0x4\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x814e,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SNEY.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0x4, 0x5),\n            operands: \"0x4, 0x5\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SNEY 0x4, 0x5\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x9450,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDIA.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0xbee),\n            operands: \"0x0bee\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDIA 0x0bee\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x9bee\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_JPI.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0xfee),\n            operands: \"0x0fee\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"JPI 0x0fee\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xbfee\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_RND.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x1, 0xae),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0xae\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"RND 0x01, 0xae\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xc1ae,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_DRW.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(0x1, 0x2, 0xf),\n            operands: \"0x01, 0x02, 0x0f\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"DRW 0x01, 0x02, 0x0f\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xd12f\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SKP.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x4),\n            operands: \"0x04\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SKP 0x04\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xe49e,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_SKNP.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x3),\n            operands: \"0x03\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"SKNP 0x03\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0x83a1\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRD.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x4),\n            operands: \"0x04\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRD 0x04\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF407\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRK.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x6),\n            operands: \"0x06\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRK 0x06\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF60A\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDD.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x02),\n            operands: \"0x02\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDD 0x02\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF215,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDRI.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x01),\n            operands: \"0x01\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDRI 0x01\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF118,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_BCD.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(0x4),\n            operands: \"0x04\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"BCD 0x04\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF433,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDF.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0x5),\n            operands: \"0x05\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDF 0x05\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF529\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDF2.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(0x6),\n            operands: \"0x06\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDF2 0x06\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF630\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDIX.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(0x5),\n            operands: \"0x05\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDIX 0x05\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF555\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LDIS.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(0xf),\n            operands: \"0x0f\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LDIS 0x0f\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xFF18\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_LIDR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(0x4),\n            operands: \"0x04\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"LIDR 0x04\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF485,\n        },\n        InstructionTest {\n            name: INST_STR.to_string(),\n            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(0xa),\n            operands: \"0x0a\".to_string(),\n            asm: \"STR 0x0a\".to_string(),\n            encoded: 0xF000\n        }\n    ];\n\n    for current in it {\n        assert_eq!(current.instruction.name(), current.name);\n        let i = current.instruction;\n        assert!(matches!(Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(current.encoded), i));\n        assert_eq!(i.to_string(), current.asm);\n        let asm = Chip8CpuInstructions::from_str(\u0026current.asm);\n        assert_eq!(i.to_string(), asm.to_string());\n        assert_eq!(i.operands(), current.operands);\n    }\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instructions_operands_tests() {\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x000).operands(), \"0x0000\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x123).operands(), \"0x0123\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::JPA(0x234).operands(), \"0x0234\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0x345).operands(), \"0x0345\");\n    assert_eq!(Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x456).operands(), \"0x0456\");\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_ena_dis_tests() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    assert!(!x.video_memory.is_highres());\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert!(x.video_memory.is_highres());\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert!(x.video_memory.is_highres());\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS.execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert!(!x.video_memory.is_highres());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn instruction_test_scrolling_lowres() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT.execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_right_4.asc\"), x.dump_video_to_string());\n\n    x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF.execute(\u0026mut x);\n\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_scroll_left_4.asc\"), x.dump_video_to_string());\n\n    x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(0x01).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_1.asc\"), x.dump_video_to_string());\n\n    x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.video_memory = build_checkerboard();\n    Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(0xA).execute(\u0026mut x);\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_video_scroll_down_10.asc\"), x.dump_video_to_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn computer_dump_keypad_to_string() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x1);\n    x.keypad.push_key(0x2);\n    assert_eq!(read_test_result(\"test_keypad_to_string.asc\"), x.dump_keypad_to_string());\n}\n\n#[test]\nfn computer_dump_registers_to_string() {\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let values_to_set = [0x0b, 0xad, 0xbe, 0xef,\n                                 0xca, 0xb0,\n                                 0x7a, 0xc0, 0xca, 0x70,\n                                 0xba, 0xdb, 0xed, 0x00,\n                                0x00, 0x00\n    ];\n    let expected_value = \"Vx: 0x0b 0xad 0xbe 0xef 0xca 0xb0 0x7a 0xc0\\n    0xca 0x70 0xba 0xdb 0xed 0x00 0x00 0x00\\nI: 0x0000\\tPC: 0x0200\";\n\n    for i in 0..16 {\n        x.registers.poke(i, values_to_set[i as usize]);\n    }\n\n    // now verify.\n    assert_eq!(expected_value, x.dump_registers_to_string());\n}\n\n//#[test]\nfn quirks_chip8_vf_reset_tests() {\n    // vF reset - The AND, OR and XOR opcodes (8xy1, 8xy2 and 8xy3) reset the flags\n    // register to zero. Test will show ERR1 if the AND and OR tests don't behave\n    // the same and ERR2 if the AND and XOR tests don't behave the same.\n    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();\n}","traces":[{"line":18,"address":[322112],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":19,"address":[322149],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":570,"address":[322416,323301],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":571,"address":[322470],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":573,"address":[322484],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":574,"address":[322453],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":575,"address":[322492],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":576,"address":[322458],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":577,"address":[322463],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":578,"address":[322500],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":579,"address":[322570],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":580,"address":[322599],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":581,"address":[322615],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":582,"address":[322639],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":584,"address":[322722,322858],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":586,"address":[323007],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":957,"address":[324362,323328],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":958,"address":[323361],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":959,"address":[323417,323593,323376,323396],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":4}},{"line":960,"address":[323398],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":961,"address":[323577],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":963,"address":[323380],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":966,"address":[323699],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":968,"address":[323784,323946],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":969,"address":[323964,324014],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":971,"address":[324042,323989],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":973,"address":[324144,324274],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":974,"address":[324261,324336,324303],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":976,"address":[324357,324314],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":2}},{"line":979,"address":[323903],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":982,"address":[324384],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":983,"address":[324392],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":986,"address":[324416],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":987,"address":[324424],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":1741,"address":[324448],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":1745,"address":[324467],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":20,"coverable":36},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","gemmaegui.rs"],"content":"use std::path::PathBuf;\nuse std::time::Instant;\nuse crate::support::gemma_egui_support::{EGuiFileList, GemmaEguiSupport};\nuse crate::support::gemma_egui_state::GemmaEGuiState;\nuse eframe::egui;\nuse egui::{Key, Ui};\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\n\nmod support;\n\nconst LIN_KEYS: [[(Key, u8); 4]; 4] = [\n    [(Key::Num1, 0x01), (Key::Num2, 0x02), (Key::Num3, 0x03), (Key::Num4, 0x0c)],\n    [(Key::Q, 0x04), (Key::W, 0x05), (Key::E, 0x06), (Key::R, 0x0d)],\n    [(Key::A, 0x07), (Key::S, 0x08), (Key::D, 0x09), (Key::F, 0x0e)],\n    [(Key::Z, 0x0a), (Key::X, 0x00), (Key::C, 0x0b), (Key::V, 0x0F)]\n];\n\n#[derive(Default)]\nstruct DisplayOptions {\n    pub video: bool,\n    pub registers: bool,\n    pub memory: bool,\n}\npub struct GemmaViewerState {\n    pub selected_file_index: i32,\n    pub selected_filename: String,\n    pub display_options: DisplayOptions,\n}\n\nimpl Default for GemmaViewerState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        GemmaViewerState {\n            selected_file_index: -1,\n            selected_filename: String::new(),\n            display_options: Default::default(),\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl GemmaViewerState {\n    pub fn new() -\u003e GemmaViewerState {\n        GemmaViewerState {\n            ..Default::default()\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nfn main() -\u003e eframe::Result {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n\n    let mut computer = Chip8ComputerManager::new();\n    let mut state = GemmaViewerState::new();\n\n    let options = eframe::NativeOptions {\n        viewport: egui::ViewportBuilder::default().with_inner_size([320.0, 240.0]),\n        ..Default::default()\n    };\n\n    eframe::run_simple_native(\"EGUI Gemma\", options, move |ctx, _frame| {\n        catppuccin_egui::set_theme(\u0026ctx, catppuccin_egui::MOCHA);\n        egui::CentralPanel::default().show(ctx, |ui| {\n            let frame_start_time = Instant::now();\n\n            let local_computer = computer.state();\n            //if state.display_video {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::video_view(local_computer, ui);\n            // }\n\n            ui.heading(\"EGUI Gemma\");\n\n            //  if state.display_memory {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::memory_view(\u0026local_computer, ui);\n            //  }\n\n            //  if state.display_registers {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::registers_view(\u0026local_computer, ui);\n            //  }\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                if ui.button(\"Start\").clicked() {\n                    computer.start();\n                }\n                if ui.button(\"Step\").clicked() {\n                    computer.step();\n                }\n\n                if ui.button(\"Stop\").clicked() {\n                    computer.stop();\n                    //     state.is_running = false;\n                }\n                if ui.button(\"Reset\").clicked() {\n                    computer.reset();\n                    //   state.is_running = false;\n                }\n            });\n\n            if ui.button(format!(\"Load {}\", state.selected_filename)).clicked() {\n               // println!(\"Should load the bin now\");\n                let read_bin = std::fs::read(PathBuf::from(format!(\"resources/roms/{}\", state.selected_filename))).unwrap();\n                computer.load_bytes_to_system_memory(read_bin);\n            };\n            EGuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(\"resources/roms\"), \u0026mut state.selected_filename, ui);\n            let input = ctx.input(|input| {\n                // loop through the keys we are checking...\n                for row in LIN_KEYS {\n                    for (keyboard_key, keypad_key) in row {\n                        if input.key_pressed(keyboard_key) {\n                            computer.press_key(keypad_key);\n                           // println!(\"KEY {keypad_key:02x} DOWN\");\n                        } else {\n                            // release it if the user just did\n                            if computer.is_key_pressed(keypad_key) {\n                                computer.release_key(keypad_key);\n                            //    println!(\"KEY {keypad_key:02x} up\");\n                            }\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n            });\n\n            // run our target number of ticks in the amount of available time.\n            let time_consumed = Instant::now().duration_since(frame_start_time).as_millis();\n            let mut num_ticks = 0;\n            while num_ticks \u003c 1000 {\n                computer.tick();\n                num_ticks += 1;\n            }\n            ctx.request_repaint();\n        });\n    })\n}\n","traces":[{"line":32,"address":[3199664,3199832],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[3199683],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[3199745,3199688],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[3199856],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3201026,3199952,3200995],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[3199999],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[3200063],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[3200093],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[3200202,3200157],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[3157424],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[3157457],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3157509,3159257,3157616],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[3157641],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[3157684],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[3157706],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[3157721],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[3157767],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[3157782],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[3160195,3159296,3157901],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[3159435,3159321],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[3159510],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":83,"address":[3159649,3159526],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":84,"address":[3159733],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[3159749,3159872],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":88,"address":[3159956],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[3159972,3160095],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[3160176],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":97,"address":[3158376,3158257,3158032,3158122],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[3158688,3158468,3158558],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":100,"address":[3158951],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[3158968],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[3159031,3160224,3157633,3160882],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[3160473,3160249,3160406],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[3160489,3160663,3160733],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[3160725,3160761],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[3160877,3160817],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":112,"address":[3160840,3160790],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":113,"address":[3160853],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":122,"address":[3159043],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":123,"address":[3159142],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":124,"address":[3159239,3159153],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":125,"address":[3159201],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":126,"address":[3159241,3159210],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":128,"address":[3159171],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":44},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_state.rs"],"content":"use std::ops::Range;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\n\npub struct GemmaEGuiState {\n    pub display_video: bool,\n    pub display_memory: bool,\n    pub display_registers: bool,\n    pub memory_view: Range\u003ci32\u003e,\n    pub computer: Chip8ComputerManager,\n    pub selected_rom_filename: String\n}\n\nimpl Default for GemmaEGuiState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self {\n            display_video: true,\n            display_memory: true,\n            display_registers: true,\n            memory_view: 0x00..0x200,\n            computer: Chip8ComputerManager::new(),\n            selected_rom_filename: String::new()\n        }\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[3182160,3182383],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[3182191],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[3182213],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":3},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_support.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::read_dir;\nuse std::ops::Index;\nuse std::path::{Display, PathBuf};\nuse std::thread;\nuse std::time::Duration;\nuse egui::{Align, Color32, ComboBox, Direction, Pos2, Response, TextBuffer};\nuse egui::Rect;\nuse egui::Vec2;\nuse egui::Ui;\nuse egui::WidgetType::SelectableLabel;\nuse crate::Chip8Computer;\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: f32 = 5.0;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: f32 = 5.0;\n\npub struct EGuiFileList {}\nimpl EGuiFileList {\n    pub fn display_path(root: PathBuf, selected_filename: \u0026mut String, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let mut working_filename = selected_filename.clone();\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n           //  ui.label(format!(\"Displaying {}\", root.to_str().unwrap_or(\"Unable to Load Path\")));\n            ComboBox::from_label(\"Select ROM\")\n                .selected_text(selected_filename.clone())\n                .show_ui(ui, |ui| {\n\n                    let mut sorted_options = vec![];\n                    for option in read_dir(root.as_path()).unwrap() {\n                        let to_push = option.unwrap().file_name().into_string().unwrap_or( String::new());\n                        sorted_options.push(to_push);\n                    }\n\n                    sorted_options.sort();\n                    for item in sorted_options {\n                    // Add each option to the ComboBox\n                      if  ui.selectable_label(selected_filename.eq(\u0026item.as_str()), item.clone()).clicked()\n                        {\n                            *selected_filename = item;\n                        }\n                    }\n                });\n            // Display the selected option\n        });\n    }\n}\n\npub struct GemmaEguiSupport {}\n\nimpl GemmaEguiSupport {\n    pub fn controls_view(system: \u0026mut Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(Align::TOP), |ui| {\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_memory, \"Display Memory\");\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_video, \"Display Video\");\n         //   ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_registers, \"Display Registers\");\n        });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(format!(\"V0-7: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x00),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x01),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x02),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x03),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x04),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x05),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x06),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x07)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"V8-F: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x08),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x09),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0A),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0B),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0C),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0D),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0E),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0F)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"PC: {:04x}\\tI: {:04x}\", system.registers.peek_pc(), system.registers.peek_i()));\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let (_resp, painter) = ui.allocate_painter(Vec2::new(350.0, 165.0), egui::Sense::hover());\n        for current_row in 0..32 {\n            for current_col in 0..64 {\n                let data_offset = current_row * 64 + current_col;\n                let x_offset = current_col as f32 * CELL_WIDTH;\n                let y_offset = current_row as f32 * CELL_HEIGHT;\n                let origin = Pos2::new(x_offset, y_offset);\n                let colour = if system.video_memory.peek(data_offset) {\n                    Color32::RED\n                } else {\n                    Color32::WHITE\n                };\n                let rect = Rect::from_min_size(origin, Vec2::new(CELL_WIDTH, CELL_HEIGHT));\n                painter.rect_filled(rect, 0.0, colour);\n                // println!(\"Cell {current_col}x{current_row} at {}x{} -\u003e {}\",\n                //          origin.x, origin.y,\n                //          system.video_memory.peek(data_offset));\n            }\n        }\n    //    thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));\n    }\n\n    pub fn memory_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(\"Memory View\");\n\n        for i in (0..=0x200).step_by(16) {\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                for y in 0..16 {\n                    ui.label(format!(\"{:02x}\", system.memory.peek((i + y) as u16)).as_str());\n                }\n            });\n        }\n        ui.label(\"Should have **something** to adjust the 'memory window'\");\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":18,"address":[3164097,3163664],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[3163694],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[3163925],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3186670,3186780,3186846],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[3186715,3186828,3186896],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[3189140,3188719,3186928,3186836],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[3186964],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3187021,3187523,3187351,3189091,3187490,3187125],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3189118,3188750],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3189016],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[3187765],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[3187989,3187799,3188695,3188039],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[3188079,3188390,3188189,3188682],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[3188501],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3164128],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[3164247],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[3164368],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[3166712,3166016,3166248,3168020,3166944,3167408,3165528,3167176,3167640,3166480],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[3164416],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[3164553],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3164693],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[3164833],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[3164973],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[3165113],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":66,"address":[3165253],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[3165393],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[3169658,3169890,3171050,3171662,3170818,3171282,3170122,3170586,3170354,3169170],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[3168055],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":71,"address":[3168195],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[3168335],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[3168475],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[3168615],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[3168755],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[3168895],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[3169035],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[3172681,3171839,3171970,3172266,3171703,3172498],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[3174124,3172736],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":83,"address":[3172791],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":84,"address":[3173185,3173289,3173103],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[3173310,3173408],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[3173523,3173692],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[3173612],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":88,"address":[3173646],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[3173732],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[3173809,3173768],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[3173811],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[3173796],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[3174038],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[3174160],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[3174192],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[3174226,3174438],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":109,"address":[3174551],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[3189230,3189288],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[3189429,3189677,3189299,3189859],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":115,"address":[3174381],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":55},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaegui","src","bin","support","mod.rs"],"content":"pub mod gemma_egui_state;\npub mod gemma_egui_support;\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","gemmaimgui.rs"],"content":"use std::default::Default;\nuse std::fs::DirEntry;\nuse std::time::Instant;\nuse gemma::{\n    chip8::computer::Chip8Computer,\n    constants::{CHIP8_MEMORY_SIZE, CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT, CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH},\n};\nuse imgui::*;\nuse sys::{ImColor, ImVec2, ImVector_ImU32};\nuse rand::random;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\nuse gemma::chip8::cpu_states::Chip8CpuStates::WaitingForInstruction;\nuse gemma::chip8::system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory;\nuse support::{emmagui_support::GemmaImguiSupport, ui_state::ImGuiUiState};\nuse clap::{Parser, Subcommand};\nuse gemma::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode;\nuse gemma::chip8::quirk_modes::QuirkMode::Chip8;\n\n\nmod support;\n\n/// Keypad Mappings for my Linux box\n/// 1 2 3 C\n/// 4 5 6 D\n/// 7 8 9 E\n/// A 0 B F\n\nconst LIN_KEYS: [(u16, u8); 0x10] = [(537, 0x01),(538, 0x02),(539, 0x03),(540, 0x0c),\n                              (562, 0x04),(568, 0x05),(550, 0x06),(563, 0x0d),\n                              (546, 7),(564, 8),(549, 9),(551, 0xe),\n                              (571, 0xa),(569, 0),(548, 0xb),(567, 0xf)];\n\nfn main() {\n    pretty_env_logger::init();\n\n    let mut system = Chip8ComputerManager::default();\n    let mut ui_state = ImGuiUiState::default();\n    let target_ips = ui_state.target_ips;\n\n    support::simple_init(file!(), move |_, ui| {\n        let current_time = Instant::now();\n        let mut num_cycles = 0;\n\n        // Key Checks\n        let down_keys = ui.io().keys_down;\n\n        // START DEBUG CODE TO DISPLAY WHAT KEYS WE TRAPPED\n        for (idx, val) in down_keys.iter().enumerate() {\n            if *val {\n                println!(\"{idx} = {val}\");\n            }\n        }\n        // END DEBUG CODE\n\n        for (key_code, key_reg) in LIN_KEYS {\n            if down_keys[key_code as usize] {\n                system.press_key(key_reg);\n                system.wait_for_instruction();\n            } else {\n                // do we need to release it?\n\n                if system.is_key_pressed(key_reg) {\n                    system.release_key(key_reg);\n                }\n            }\n        }\n\n        let target_ms = ui_state.frame_time;\n        let loop_start_time = Instant::now();\n        while Instant::now().duration_since(current_time).as_millis() \u003c target_ms as u128 \u0026\u0026 num_cycles \u003c target_ips {\n            if system.tick() {\n                num_cycles += 1;\n            }\n        }\n        let cycles_time = Instant::now().duration_since(loop_start_time);\n        if num_cycles \u003e 0 {\n            println!(\"Ran for {}ms and executed {}/{} cycles.\", cycles_time.as_millis(), num_cycles, target_ips);\n        }\n        // GUI Parts\n        if ui_state.show_video {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::video_display(\u0026system.state(), \u0026ui_state, ui);\n        }\n\n        GemmaImguiSupport::system_controls(\u0026mut system, \u0026mut ui_state, ui);\n\n        if ui_state.show_registers {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::registers_view(\u0026system.state(), ui);\n        }\n\n        if ui_state.show_memory {\n            let active_instruction = system.state().registers.peek_pc();\n            GemmaImguiSupport::hex_memory_display(system.state().memory.clone(), (0x100, 0x10), active_instruction as i16, ui);\n        }\n\n        if ui_state.show_keypad {\n            GemmaImguiSupport::keypad_display(\u0026system.state(), ui);\n        }\n    });\n}\n","traces":[{"line":33,"address":[4072940,4072911,4072608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[4072645],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[4072662],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[4072692],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[4072740],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":40,"address":[4072758],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[4175144],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[4175179],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[4175187],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[4175218,4175453],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[4175485],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[4177245],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[4175572,4175704,4175515,4175379],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[4175738,4176852],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[4176927],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[4176987],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[4176900,4176945],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[4176963],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[4175655],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[4175672],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[4175941,4175763],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":71,"address":[4176826,4175958],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[4176803,4176831],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[4175863],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[4175927],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[4176340,4176248,4176008],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[4175982],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[4176530],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":84,"address":[4176494],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[4176514],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[4176597],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[4176581],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[4176652],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[4176692],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":95,"address":[4176636],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[4176769],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":36},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","support","emmagui_support.rs"],"content":"use std::ffi::OsString;\nuse gemma::constants::CHIP8_KEYBOARD;\nuse std::fs::{File, read_dir};\nuse std::io::Read;\nuse std::path::{Path, PathBuf};\nuse std::time::Duration;\nuse imgui::{Condition, ImColor32, Ui};\nuse log::debug;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::Chip8ComputerManager;\nuse gemma::chip8::computer_manager::ManagerDumpables::{Keyboard, Registers, Video};\nuse gemma::chip8::keypad::Keypad;\nuse gemma::chip8::system_memory::Chip8SystemMemory;\nuse gemma::constants::{CHIP8_VIDEO_HEIGHT, CHIP8_VIDEO_WIDTH};\nuse crate::ImGuiUiState;\nuse crate::support::gui_file_list::GuiFileList;\nuse super::ui_state;\n\nconst ROM_ROOT: \u0026str = \"/home/tmerritt/Projects/chip8_toy/resources/roms\";\n\npub struct GemmaImguiSupport {}\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: i32 = 5i32;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: i32 = 5i32;\n\nimpl GemmaImguiSupport {\n    pub fn keypad_display(system_to_display: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        ui.window(format!(\"Keypad\"))\n            .size([100.0, 100.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                for row in CHIP8_KEYBOARD {\n                    for key in row {\n                        let label = if system_to_display.keypad.pressed(key) {\n                            format!(\"*{:1x}*\", key)\n                        } else {\n                            format!(\"{:1x}\", key)\n                        };\n                        ui.text(format!(\"{}\", label));\n                        ui.same_line();\n                    }\n                    ui.text(\"\");\n                }\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_display(system_to_control: \u0026Chip8Computer, gui_state: \u0026ImGuiUiState, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        // draw area size\n        let (width, height) = system_to_control.video_memory.get_resolution();\n        let draw_area_size = ui.io().display_size;\n        //  println!(\"DRAW_AREA_SIZE = {}x{}\", draw_area_size[0], draw_area_size[1]);\n        let cell_width = ((draw_area_size[0] as i32 / width) * 6) / 10;\n        let cell_height = ((draw_area_size[1] as i32 / height) * 6) / 10;\n\n        ui.window(format!(\"Display {cell_width}x{cell_height}\"))\n            .size([300.0, 300.0], Condition::Once)\n            .build(|| {\n                let origin = ui.cursor_pos();\n                let fg = ui.get_window_draw_list();\n                if system_to_control.video_memory.is_highres() {\n                    // ui.text(\"High Def Video here\");\n                    for current_row in 0..=height {\n                        let y_offset = origin[1] as i32 + (current_row * cell_height);\n                        for current_column in 0..=width {\n                            let x_offset = origin[0] as i32 + (current_column * cell_width);\n                            let current_origin = [x_offset as f32, y_offset as f32];\n                            let current_limit = [(x_offset + cell_width) as f32, (y_offset + cell_height) as f32];\n                            let memory_offset = (current_row * width + current_column) as u16;\n                            let to_render = system_to_control.video_memory.peek(memory_offset);\n                            let color: ImColor32 = if to_render {\n                                gui_state.on_colour\n                            } else {\n                                gui_state.off_colour\n                            };\n                            fg.add_rect_filled_multicolor(current_origin, current_limit, color, color, color, color);\n                        }\n                    }\n                } else {\n                    for current_row in 0..height {\n                        let y_offset = origin[1] as i32 + (current_row * cell_height);\n                        for current_column in 0..width {\n                            let x_offset = origin[0] as i32 + (current_column * cell_width);\n                            let current_origin = [x_offset as f32, y_offset as f32];\n                            let current_limit = [(x_offset + cell_width) as f32, (y_offset + cell_height) as f32];\n                            let memory_offset = (current_row * width + current_column) as u16;\n                            let to_render = system_to_control.video_memory.peek(memory_offset);\n                            let color: ImColor32 = if to_render {\n                                gui_state.on_colour\n                            } else {\n                                gui_state.off_colour\n                            };\n                            fg.add_rect_filled_multicolor(current_origin, current_limit, color, color, color, color);\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n            });\n    }\n    pub fn system_controls(system_to_control: \u0026mut Chip8ComputerManager, gui_state: \u0026mut ImGuiUiState, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        // let mut state: Chip8Computer = system_to_control;\n        ui.window(\"!!!! CONTROLS !!!!\")\n            .size([345.0, 200.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                /* System Step Counter */\n                ui.text(format!(\"Step {:04x}\", system_to_control.num_cycles()).as_str());\n\n                /* ROM Lister */\n                let new_filename = GuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(ROM_ROOT), \u0026gui_state.filename_to_load, ui);\n                if !new_filename.is_empty() {\n                    if new_filename != gui_state.filename_to_load {\n                        debug!(\"NEW FILENAME SELECTED -\u003e {new_filename}\");\n                        gui_state.filename_to_load = new_filename;\n                    }\n                    if ui.button(\"Load Program\") {\n                        let mut buffer = Vec::new();\n                        debug!(\"PREPARING TO LOAD {}\", gui_state.filename_to_load);\n                        // let mut input_file = File::open(Path::new(\"./1-chip8-logo.ch8\")).expect(\"put 1-chip8-logo.ch8 in this directory\");\n                        let mut input_file = File::open(Path::new(\u0026(ROM_ROOT.to_string() + \"/\" + \u0026gui_state.filename_to_load))).expect(\"put 1-chip8-logo.ch8 in this directory\");\n                        input_file.read_to_end(\u0026mut buffer).expect(\"unable to read file\");\n                        system_to_control.load_bytes_to_system_memory((\u0026*buffer).into());\n                    }\n                }\n                ui.separator();\n                // if the system has no program loaded hide the buttons.\n                if system_to_control.state().memory.peek(0x200) != 0x00 {\n                    if ui.button(\"Step\") {\n                        system_to_control.step();\n                    };\n                    ui.same_line();\n                    if ui.button(\"Run\") {\n                        system_to_control.start();\n                    }\n                }\n                ui.same_line();\n                if ui.button(\"Stop\") {\n                    system_to_control.stop();\n                }\n                ui.same_line();\n                if ui.button(\"Reset\") {\n                    system_to_control.reset();\n                }\n                if ui.button(\"Dump Video Memory\") {\n                    println!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Video));\n                }\n                ui.same_line();\n                if ui.button(\"Dump Keypad State\") {\n                    debug!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Keyboard));\n                }\n                ui.same_line();\n                if ui.button(\"Dump Registers\") {\n                    debug!(\"{}\", system_to_control.dump_to_string(Registers));\n                }\n                ui.separator();\n\n                ui.checkbox(\"Show Memory\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_memory);\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.checkbox(\"Show Video\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_video);\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.checkbox(\"Show Registers\", \u0026mut gui_state.show_registers);\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        ui.window(\"Registers\")\n            .size([400.0, 500.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                ui.text(\"Registers\");\n                for i in 1..0x10 {\n                    ui.text(format!(\"V{:X}: {}\", i, system.registers.peek(i)));\n                    if i != 7 {\n                        ui.same_line();\n                    }\n                }\n                ui.text(\"\");\n                ui.text(format!(\"I: {:03X}\", system.registers.peek_i()));\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.text(format!(\"ST: {:02X}\", system.sound_timer.current()));\n                ui.same_line();\n                ui.text(format!(\"DT: {:02X}\", system.delay_timer.current()));\n                ui.text(format!(\"PC: {:02X}\", system.registers.peek_pc()));\n                ui.text(format!(\"SP: {:02X}\", system.stack.depth()));\n            });\n    }\n\n    pub fn hex_memory_display(bytes: Chip8SystemMemory, position: (i32, i32), active: i16, ui: \u0026Ui) {\n        let rows = position.0;\n        let cols = position.1;\n        ui.window(\"System Memory\")\n            .size([400.0, 300.0], Condition::FirstUseEver)\n            .build(|| {\n                    let mut current_x_hover: i32 = 0;\n                    let mut current_y_hover: i32 = 0;\n                    // display a block of data\n                    for current_row in 0..rows {\n                        ui.text(format!(\"{:02x}\", current_row * cols));\n                        ui.same_line();\n                        for current_column in 0..cols {\n                            let data_offset = current_row * cols + current_column;\n                            let formatted_text = format!(\"{:02x}\", bytes.peek(data_offset as u16));\n                            let text_location = ui.cursor_screen_pos();\n                            let text_size = ui.calc_text_size(formatted_text.clone());\n                            let bounding_box = imgui::sys::ImVec2 {\n                                x: text_location[0] + text_size[0],\n                                y: text_location[1] + text_size[1],\n                            };\n\n                            let hovering = ui.is_mouse_hovering_rect(text_location, [bounding_box.x, bounding_box.y]);\n                            let is_active = data_offset == active as i32;\n\n                            ui.text_colored(if hovering {\n                                [0., 1., 1., 1.]\n                            } else if is_active {\n                                [1., 0., 1., 1.]\n                            } else {\n                                [1., 1., 0., 1.]\n                            }, formatted_text.clone());\n\n                            // if we are hovering show that at the bottom...\n                            if hovering {\n                                // Optionally change the text color to indicate it's interactable\n                                current_x_hover = current_column;\n                                current_y_hover = current_row;\n\n                                // Check if the left mouse button is clicked while hovering over the text\n                                if ui.is_mouse_clicked(imgui::MouseButton::Left) {\n                                    debug!(\"Offset: [{}] [0x{:02x}] Value: [{}]\", data_offset, data_offset, formatted_text.clone());\n                                    // Perform any action here, e.g., call a function, trigger an event, etc.\n                                }\n                            }\n\n                            // are we on the same line?\n                            if current_column != (cols - 1) {\n                                ui.same_line();\n                            }\n                        }\n                    }\n                    ui.text(format!(\"Offset 0x{:03x}\", current_x_hover * cols + current_y_hover));\n            });\n    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std::ffi::OsString;\nuse std::fs::read_dir;\nuse std::path::PathBuf;\nuse imgui::Ui;\nuse log::debug;\n\npub struct GuiFileList {}\n\nimpl GuiFileList {\n    pub fn display_path(root: PathBuf, selected_filename: \u0026String, ui: \u0026Ui) -\u003e String {\n        let mut working_filename = selected_filename.clone();\n        ui.text(format!(\"Displaying {}\", root.to_str().unwrap_or(\"Unable to parse path\")));\n\n        let mut known_files: Vec\u003cOsString\u003e = vec![];\n\n        for entry in read_dir(root.as_path()).unwrap() {\n            known_files.push(entry.unwrap().file_name());\n        }\n\n        known_files.sort();\n\n        for (index, entry) in known_files.iter().enumerate() {\n            let mut working_select = ui.selectable_config(format!(\"{}\", entry.clone().into_string().unwrap()));\n            if entry.to_str().unwrap().to_string() == selected_filename.as_str().to_string() {\n                working_select = working_select.selected(true);\n            }\n            if working_select.build() {\n                debug!(\"SELECTED {index} / {entry:?}\");\n                working_filename = entry.clone().into_string().unwrap();\n            };\n        }\n        working_filename\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":10,"address":[3557436,3553120,3557597],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":11,"address":[3553281,3553194],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":12,"address":[3553289,3553586,3553723,3553366],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":14,"address":[3553730],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":16,"address":[3554315,3554156,3553912,3553757,3554344],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[3557463],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[3554592],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3554966,3556448,3554638],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[3555419,3555719,3554998,3555075],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[3555830,3555974,3555734,3556288,3556425],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[3556307],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3556210,3556434,3557431],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3556842,3556573,3556453],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3557047,3557273,3556505],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[3554916],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":15},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","support","mod.rs"],"content":"use glium::glutin::surface::WindowSurface;\nuse glium::{Display, Surface};\nuse imgui::{Context, FontConfig, FontGlyphRanges, FontSource, Ui};\nuse imgui_glium_renderer::Renderer;\nuse imgui_winit_support::winit::event::{Event, WindowEvent};\nuse imgui_winit_support::winit::event_loop::EventLoop;\nuse imgui_winit_support::winit::window::WindowBuilder;\nuse imgui_winit_support::{HiDpiMode, WinitPlatform};\nuse std::path::Path;\nuse std::time::Instant;\n\npub mod ui_state;\npub mod emmagui_support;\nmod gui_file_list;\n\nuse copypasta::{ClipboardContext, ClipboardProvider};\nuse imgui::ClipboardBackend;\n\npub struct ClipboardSupport(pub ClipboardContext);\n\npub fn clipboard_init() -\u003e Option\u003cClipboardSupport\u003e {\n    ClipboardContext::new().ok().map(ClipboardSupport)\n}\n\nimpl ClipboardBackend for ClipboardSupport {\n    fn get(\u0026mut self) -\u003e Option\u003cString\u003e {\n        self.0.get_contents().ok()\n    }\n    fn set(\u0026mut self, text: \u0026str) {\n        // ignore errors?\n        let _ = self.0.set_contents(text.to_owned());\n    }\n}\n\npub const FONT_SIZE: f32 = 13.0;\n\n#[allow(dead_code)] // annoyingly, RA yells that this is unusued\npub fn simple_init\u003cF: FnMut(\u0026mut bool, \u0026mut Ui) + 'static\u003e(title: \u0026str, run_ui: F) {\n    init_with_startup(title, |_, _, _| {}, run_ui);\n}\n\npub fn init_with_startup\u003cFInit, FUi\u003e(title: \u0026str, mut startup: FInit, mut run_ui: FUi)\nwhere\n    FInit: FnMut(\u0026mut Context, \u0026mut Renderer, \u0026Display\u003cWindowSurface\u003e) + 'static,\n    FUi: FnMut(\u0026mut bool, \u0026mut Ui) + 'static,\n{\n    let mut imgui = create_context();\n\n    let title = match Path::new(\u0026title).file_name() {\n        Some(file_name) =\u003e file_name.to_str().unwrap(),\n        None =\u003e title,\n    };\n    let event_loop = EventLoop::new().expect(\"Failed to create EventLoop\");\n\n    let builder = WindowBuilder::new()\n        .with_maximized(true)\n        .with_title(title);\n      //  .with_inner_size(LogicalSize::new(1024, 768));\n    let (window, display) = glium::backend::glutin::SimpleWindowBuilder::new()\n        .set_window_builder(builder)\n        .build(\u0026event_loop);\n    let mut renderer = Renderer::init(\u0026mut imgui, \u0026display).expect(\"Failed to initialize renderer\");\n\n    if let Some(backend) = clipboard_init() {\n        imgui.set_clipboard_backend(backend);\n    } else {\n        eprintln!(\"Failed to initialize clipboard\");\n    }\n\n    let mut platform = WinitPlatform::init(\u0026mut imgui);\n    {\n        let dpi_mode = if let Ok(factor) = std::env::var(\"IMGUI_EXAMPLE_FORCE_DPI_FACTOR\") {\n            // Allow forcing of HiDPI factor for debugging purposes\n            match factor.parse::\u003cf64\u003e() {\n                Ok(f) =\u003e HiDpiMode::Locked(f),\n                Err(e) =\u003e panic!(\"Invalid scaling factor: {}\", e),\n            }\n        } else {\n            HiDpiMode::Default\n        };\n\n        platform.attach_window(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, dpi_mode);\n    }\n\n    let mut last_frame = Instant::now();\n\n    startup(\u0026mut imgui, \u0026mut renderer, \u0026display);\n\n    event_loop\n        .run(move |event, window_target| match event {\n            Event::NewEvents(_) =\u003e {\n                let now = Instant::now();\n                imgui.io_mut().update_delta_time(now - last_frame);\n                last_frame = now;\n            }\n            Event::AboutToWait =\u003e {\n                platform\n                    .prepare_frame(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window)\n                    .expect(\"Failed to prepare frame\");\n                window.request_redraw();\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::RedrawRequested,\n                ..\n            } =\u003e {\n                let ui = imgui.frame();\n\n                let mut run = true;\n                run_ui(\u0026mut run, ui);\n                if !run {\n                    window_target.exit();\n                }\n\n                let mut target = display.draw();\n                target.clear_color_srgb(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);\n                platform.prepare_render(ui, \u0026window);\n                let draw_data = imgui.render();\n                renderer\n                    .render(\u0026mut target, draw_data)\n                    .expect(\"Rendering failed\");\n                target.finish().expect(\"Failed to swap buffers\");\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::Resized(new_size),\n                ..\n            } =\u003e {\n                if new_size.width \u003e 0 \u0026\u0026 new_size.height \u003e 0 {\n                    display.resize((new_size.width, new_size.height));\n                }\n                platform.handle_event(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, \u0026event);\n            }\n            Event::WindowEvent {\n                event: WindowEvent::CloseRequested,\n                ..\n            } =\u003e window_target.exit(),\n            event =\u003e {\n                platform.handle_event(imgui.io_mut(), \u0026window, \u0026event);\n            }\n        })\n        .expect(\"EventLoop error\");\n}\n\n/// Creates the imgui context\npub fn create_context() -\u003e imgui::Context {\n    let mut imgui = Context::create();\n    // Fixed font size. Note imgui_winit_support uses \"logical\n    // pixels\", which are physical pixels scaled by the devices\n    // scaling factor. Meaning, 13.0 pixels should look the same size\n    // on two different screens, and thus we do not need to scale this\n    // value (as the scaling is handled by winit)\n    imgui.fonts().add_font(\u0026[\n        FontSource::TtfData {\n            data: include_bytes!(\"../../../../resources/Roboto-Regular.ttf\"),\n            size_pixels: FONT_SIZE,\n            config: Some(FontConfig {\n                // As imgui-glium-renderer isn't gamma-correct with\n                // it's font rendering, we apply an arbitrary\n                // multiplier to make the font a bit \"heavier\". With\n                // default imgui-glow-renderer this is unnecessary.\n                rasterizer_multiply: 1.5,\n                // Oversampling font helps improve text rendering at\n                // expense of larger font atlas texture.\n                oversample_h: 4,\n                oversample_v: 4,\n                ..FontConfig::default()\n            }),\n        },\n        FontSource::TtfData {\n            data: include_bytes!(\"../../../../resources/mplus-1p-regular.ttf\"),\n            size_pixels: FONT_SIZE,\n            config: Some(FontConfig {\n                // Oversampling font helps improve text rendering at\n                // expense of larger font atlas texture.\n                oversample_h: 4,\n                oversample_v: 4,\n                // Range of glyphs to rasterize\n                glyph_ranges: FontGlyphRanges::japanese(),\n                ..FontConfig::default()\n            }),\n        },\n    ]);\n    imgui.set_ini_filename(None);\n\n    imgui\n}\n","traces":[{"line":21,"address":[3981264],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3981281],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[3981344],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3981363],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3981408],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[3981431],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[3446701,3443632,3445718],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[3443859,3443952],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[3444260,3444074],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[3444458,3444415],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[3444734,3444782],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[3445460,3445640],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[3447228],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[3447343],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":97,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":100,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":109,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":114,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":115,"address":[3447715],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":117,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":118,"address":[3447885],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":120,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":121,"address":[3447949],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":123,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":124,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":125,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":126,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":127,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":128,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":130,"address":[3447478,3447582],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":132,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":133,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":134,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":136,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":137,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":144,"address":[3983036,3981488],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":145,"address":[3981505],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":151,"address":[3982630,3981529],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":152,"address":[3981928],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":155,"address":[3981605],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":165,"address":[3981586],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":168,"address":[3982496],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":171,"address":[3982181],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":177,"address":[3982062],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":178,"address":[3982147],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":182,"address":[3982975],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":184,"address":[3983008],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":85},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmaimgui","src","bin","support","ui_state.rs"],"content":"use std::time::Instant;\nuse imgui::ImColor32;\n\npub struct ImGuiUiState {\n    pub show_registers: bool,\n    pub show_memory: bool,\n    pub show_video: bool,\n    pub show_keypad: bool,\n    pub filename_to_load: String,\n    pub on_colour: ImColor32,\n    pub off_colour: ImColor32,\n    pub is_running: bool,\n    pub frame_time: u32,\n    pub last_frame_instant: Instant,\n    pub target_ips: i32\n}\n\nimpl Clone for ImGuiUiState {\n    fn clone(\u0026self) -\u003e Self {\n        ImGuiUiState {\n            show_registers: self.show_registers,\n            show_memory: self.show_memory,\n            show_video: self.show_video,\n            show_keypad: self.show_keypad,\n            filename_to_load: self.filename_to_load.to_string(),\n            on_colour: self.on_colour,\n            off_colour: self.off_colour,\n            is_running: self.is_running,\n            frame_time: self.frame_time,\n            last_frame_instant: self.last_frame_instant,\n            target_ips: self.target_ips\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for ImGuiUiState {\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        ImGuiUiState {\n            show_registers: false,\n            show_memory: false,\n            show_video: true,\n            show_keypad: true,\n            filename_to_load: String::new(),\n            on_colour: ImColor32::from_rgb(0xff, 0xff, 0x00),\n            off_colour: ImColor32::from_rgb(0x00, 0xff, 0xff),\n            is_running: false,\n            frame_time: 16,\n            last_frame_instant: Instant::now(),\n            target_ips: 20\n        }\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":19,"address":[3461536],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[3461565],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[3461569],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[3461573],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[3461577],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[3461580],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[3461604],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[3461608],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[3461612],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[3461616],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[3461620],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[3461627],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[3461954,3461728],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[3461747],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[3461759],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[3461814],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[3461827],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":17},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","gemmasdl2.rs"],"content":"mod support;\nuse std::{sync::Arc, time::Instant};\nuse anyhow::Context;\nuse egui::TextBuffer;\nuse egui_glow::glow::{HasContext, COLOR_BUFFER_BIT};\nuse egui_sdl2_platform::sdl2;\nuse sdl2::event::{Event, WindowEvent};\nuse gemma::chip8::computer::Chip8Computer;\nuse support::timestep::TimeStep;\nuse crate::support::gemma_egui_support::GemmaEguiSupport;\n\nconst SCREEN_WIDTH: u32 = 800;\nconst SCREEN_HEIGHT: u32 = 480;\n\nasync fn run() -\u003e anyhow::Result\u003cString\u003e {\n    // Initialize SDL2 and video subsystem\n    let sdl = sdl2::init().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to create SDL context: {}\", e))?;\n    let mut video = sdl.video().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to initialize SDL video subsystem: {}\", e))?;\n\n    // Create SDL2 window and OpenGL context\n    let window = video.window(\"Window\", SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT)\n        .opengl()\n        .position_centered()\n        .build()?;\n    let _gl_context = window.gl_create_context().expect(\"Failed to create GL context\");\n\n    // Load OpenGL functions\n    let gl = unsafe {\n        egui_glow::painter::Context::from_loader_function(|name| {\n            video.gl_get_proc_address(name) as *const _\n        })\n    };\n    let mut painter = egui_glow::Painter::new(Arc::new(gl), \"\", None)?;\n\n    // Setup Egui and SDL2 platform\n    let mut platform = egui_sdl2_platform::Platform::new(window.size())?;\n    let mut event_pump = sdl.event_pump().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!(\"Failed to get SDL event pump: {}\", e))?;\n\n    // Initial settings\n    let mut color = [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]; // Background color\n    let start_time = Instant::now();\n    let mut timestep = TimeStep::new();\n\n    let mut computer = Chip8Computer::new();\n    let mut is_running: bool = false;\n    computer.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026std::fs::read(\"resources/roms/3-corax+.ch8\")?);\n\n    // Main loop\n    'main: loop {\n        // Update the Egui platform with the current time\n        platform.update_time(start_time.elapsed().as_secs_f64());\n\n        // Begin Egui frame\n        let ctx = platform.context();\n\n        if is_running {\n            computer.step_system();\n        }\n\n        egui::Window::new(\"Hello, world!\").show(\u0026ctx, |ui| {\n            GemmaEguiSupport::video_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n            GemmaEguiSupport::memory_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n            GemmaEguiSupport::registers_view(\u0026computer, ui);\n        });\n\n        // Process Egui frame\n        let full_output = platform.end_frame(\u0026mut video)?;\n        let paint_jobs = platform.tessellate(\u0026full_output);\n\n        // Clear the screen with the current color\n        unsafe {\n            painter.gl().clear_color(color[0], color[1], color[2], 1.0);\n            painter.gl().clear(COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);\n        }\n\n        // Paint Egui outputs and update textures\n        let size = window.size();\n        painter.paint_and_update_textures([size.0, size.1], 1.0, paint_jobs.as_slice(), \u0026full_output.textures_delta);\n        window.gl_swap_window();\n\n        // Run the timestep logic\n        timestep.run_this(|_| {});\n\n        // Handle SDL2 events\n        for event in event_pump.poll_iter() {\n            match event {\n                Event::Quit { .. }\n                | Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::Escape), .. } =\u003e break 'main,\n                Event::Window { window_id, win_event, .. } if window_id == window.id() =\u003e {\n                    if let WindowEvent::Close = win_event {\n                        break 'main;\n                    }\n                }\n                Event::KeyUp { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F3), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F3 -\u003e running\");\n                    is_running = true;\n                }\n                Event::KeyUp { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F4), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F4 -\u003e stopping\");\n                    is_running = false;\n                }\n                Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F5), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F5 -\u003e Step\");\n                    computer.step_system();\n                }\n                Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(sdl2::keyboard::Keycode::F6), .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"USER PRESSED F6 -\u003e RESET\");\n                    computer.reset();\n                }\n                Event::ControllerButtonDown { which, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"PLAYER {which} DOWN\");\n                }\n                Event::ControllerButtonDown { button, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"BUTTON {:?}\", button);\n                }\n                Event::JoyButtonDown {button_idx, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"JoyButtonDown {}\", button_idx);\n                }\n                Event::JoyAxisMotion { which, axis_idx, .. } =\u003e {\n                    println!(\"JoyAxismotion {which} {axis_idx}\");\n                }\n                _ =\u003e platform.handle_event(\u0026event, \u0026sdl, \u0026video),\n            }\n        }\n\n        // Optionally log the frame rate\n        if let Some(fps) = timestep.frame_rate() {\n            println!(\"{:?} fps\", fps);\n        }\n\n        let num_js = sdl.joystick().unwrap().num_joysticks().unwrap();\n        println!(\"NUM JS = {num_js}\");\n    }\n\n    Ok((\"\").parse()?)\n}\n\nfn main() -\u003e anyhow::Result\u003c()\u003e {\n    pollster::block_on(run())?;\n    Ok(())\n}\n","traces":[{"line":15,"address":[738576],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[745385,752649,745491,752544,745302,752506,752773],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":18,"address":[745747,745592,745484,753077,752848,752953,752504],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[745696,745832,745908,746087],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[746164],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[753152,746265],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[753170],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[746324,752423,746569],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[746692,746871,752402,746536],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[752381,746972,753289,747146,746864,753413,753184],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":40,"address":[747076],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[747246,747120],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[747269],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[747276],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[747295],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":46,"address":[747378,752341,747303],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[747640],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[747756],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[747799],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":57,"address":[747899,747836],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[753488,747809,747933],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[753506],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[753520],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[753534],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[747955,748183],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[748156],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":72,"address":[748376,748268],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[748469],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[748535],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[748584],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[748692],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":82,"address":[748719,753552,753563],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":85,"address":[748829,748726],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[748877,750741,750151,751798],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[750648,750082],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[750700],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[751913],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":95,"address":[751886,751834],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[751905],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[751945],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[751918,751860],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":100,"address":[751937],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[751750],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[750792,751712],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[751731],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[751793],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":107,"address":[750821,751755],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[751774],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":110,"address":[750467],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[752224],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[750338],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":117,"address":[752150],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[750195],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":120,"address":[752060],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":122,"address":[750014,752298],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":127,"address":[748822,748937],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":128,"address":[749117],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":131,"address":[749110,749427,749740],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":132,"address":[749876],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[750924,750991],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":138,"address":[738592],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":139,"address":[738768,738599],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":140,"address":[738757],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":63},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","gemma_egui_support.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::read_dir;\nuse std::ops::Index;\nuse std::path::{Display, PathBuf};\nuse std::thread;\nuse std::time::Duration;\nuse egui::{Align, Color32, ComboBox, Direction, Pos2, Response, TextBuffer};\nuse egui::Rect;\nuse egui::Vec2;\nuse egui::Ui;\nuse egui::WidgetType::SelectableLabel;\nuse crate::Chip8Computer;\n\nconst CELL_WIDTH: f32 = 5.0;\nconst CELL_HEIGHT: f32 = 5.0;\n\npub struct EGuiFileList {}\nimpl EGuiFileList {\n    pub fn display_path(root: PathBuf, selected_filename: \u0026mut String, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let mut working_filename = selected_filename.clone();\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n           //  ui.label(format!(\"Displaying {}\", root.to_str().unwrap_or(\"Unable to Load Path\")));\n            ComboBox::from_label(\"Select ROM\")\n                .selected_text(selected_filename.clone())\n                .show_ui(ui, |ui| {\n\n                    let mut sorted_options = vec![];\n                    for option in read_dir(root.as_path()).unwrap() {\n                        let to_push = option.unwrap().file_name().into_string().unwrap_or( String::new());\n                        sorted_options.push(to_push);\n                    }\n\n                    sorted_options.sort();\n                    for item in sorted_options {\n                    // Add each option to the ComboBox\n                      if  ui.selectable_label(selected_filename.eq(\u0026item.as_str()), item.clone()).clicked()\n                        {\n                            *selected_filename = item;\n                        }\n                    }\n                });\n            // Display the selected option\n        });\n    }\n}\n\npub struct GemmaEguiSupport {}\n\nimpl GemmaEguiSupport {\n    pub fn controls_view(mut system: \u0026mut Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n         ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n             if ui.button(\"Start\").clicked() {\n                 println!(\"Start\");\n          //       state.is_running = true;\n             }\n             if ui.button(\"Step\").clicked() {\n                 system.step_system();\n             }\n\n             if ui.button(\"Stop\").clicked() {\n                 println!(\"STOP\");\n            //     state.is_running = false;\n             }\n             if ui.button(\"Reset\").clicked() {\n                 system.reset();\n              //   state.is_running = false;\n             }\n         });\n\n     //       if ui.button(format!(\"Load {}\", state.selected_rom_filename)).clicked() {\n                // load the bin...\n       //         let read_bin = std::fs::read(PathBuf::from(format!(\"resources/roms/{}\", state.selected_rom_filename))).unwrap();\n                // ...then feed the system.\n       //         system.load_bytes_to_memory(0x200, \u0026read_bin);\n       //         println!(\"Loaded {}\", state.selected_rom_filename);\n       //     }\n       //      EGuiFileList::display_path(PathBuf::from(\"resources/roms\"), \u0026mut state.selected_rom_filename, ui);\n\n\n\n        ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(Align::TOP), |ui| {\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_memory, \"Display Memory\");\n        //    ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_video, \"Display Video\");\n         //   ui.checkbox(\u0026mut state.display_registers, \"Display Registers\");\n        });\n    }\n\n    pub fn registers_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(format!(\"V0-7: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x00),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x01),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x02),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x03),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x04),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x05),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x06),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x07)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"V8-F: {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} {:02x} \",\n                         system.registers.peek(0x08),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x09),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0A),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0B),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0C),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0D),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0E),\n                         system.registers.peek(0x0F)\n        ));\n        ui.label(format!(\"PC: {:04x}\\tI: {:04x}\", system.registers.peek_pc(), system.registers.peek_i()));\n    }\n\n    pub fn video_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        let (_resp, painter) = ui.allocate_painter(Vec2::new(350.0, 165.0), egui::Sense::hover());\n        for current_row in 0..32 {\n            for current_col in 0..64 {\n                let data_offset = current_row * 64 + current_col;\n                let x_offset = current_col as f32 * CELL_WIDTH;\n                let y_offset = current_row as f32 * CELL_HEIGHT;\n                let origin = Pos2::new(x_offset, y_offset);\n                let colour = if system.video_memory.peek(data_offset) {\n                    Color32::RED\n                } else {\n                    Color32::WHITE\n                };\n                let rect = Rect::from_min_size(origin, Vec2::new(CELL_WIDTH, CELL_HEIGHT));\n                painter.rect_filled(rect, 0.0, colour);\n                // println!(\"Cell {current_col}x{current_row} at {}x{} -\u003e {}\",\n                //          origin.x, origin.y,\n                //          system.video_memory.peek(data_offset));\n            }\n        }\n    //    thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1));\n    }\n\n    pub fn memory_view(system: \u0026Chip8Computer, ui: \u0026mut Ui) {\n        ui.label(\"Memory View\");\n\n        for i in (0..=0x200).step_by(16) {\n            ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::left_to_right(egui::Align::TOP), |ui| {\n                for y in 0..16 {\n                    ui.label(format!(\"{:02x}\", system.memory.peek((i + y) as u16)).as_str());\n                }\n            });\n        }\n        ui.label(\"Should have **something** to adjust the 'memory window'\");\n    }\n}\n","traces":[{"line":18,"address":[788303,787872],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[787902],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":20,"address":[788131],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":22,"address":[810765,810940,810875],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":23,"address":[810990,810922,810810],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[811024,813212,810930,812807],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[811060],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[811582,811447,811221,811611,813167,811117],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[812838,813202],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[813096],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":32,"address":[811853],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[812077,812783,811887,812127],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[812770,812277,812478,812167],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[812589],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[788336],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[788466],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[813384,813273],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[813459],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[813499,813622],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":56,"address":[813706],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[813845,813722],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[813929],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[813969,814092],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[814173],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[788681],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":87,"address":[788816],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":88,"address":[791856,791392,789976,791160,790464,791624,790696,790928,792088,792465],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":89,"address":[788864],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":90,"address":[789001],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":91,"address":[789141],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[789281],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[789421],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":94,"address":[789561],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":95,"address":[789701],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":96,"address":[789841],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":98,"address":[794100,795260,795492,796104,795028,793612,794332,795724,794564,794796],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":99,"address":[792497],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":101,"address":[792777],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":102,"address":[792917],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":103,"address":[793057],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":104,"address":[793197],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":105,"address":[793337],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":106,"address":[793477],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":108,"address":[796940,796708,796281,796145,796412,797123],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":111,"address":[798540,797168],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":112,"address":[797223],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":113,"address":[797519,797705,797601],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":114,"address":[797726,797824],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":115,"address":[798108,797939],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":116,"address":[798028],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":117,"address":[798062],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":118,"address":[798148],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":119,"address":[798184,798225],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":120,"address":[798227],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":122,"address":[798212],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":125,"address":[798454],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":134,"address":[798576],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":135,"address":[798609],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":137,"address":[798856,798643],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":138,"address":[798969],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":139,"address":[814270,814328],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":140,"address":[814717,814339,814899,814469],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":144,"address":[798798],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":63},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","mod.rs"],"content":"pub mod timestep;\npub mod gemma_egui_support;\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmasdl2","src","bin","support","timestep.rs"],"content":"\n//! Gameplay speed control. It attempts to mimic/limit progression to\n//! the 30 tics per second Doom used.\n\nuse std::{fmt, time::Instant};\n\nconst MS_PER_UPDATE: f32 = 28.57;\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\npub struct TimeStep {\n    last_time: Instant,\n    delta_time: f32,\n    frame_count: u32,\n    frame_time: f32,\n    run_tics: u32,\n    last_tics: u32,\n    lag: f32,\n}\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\npub struct FrameData {\n    pub tics: u32,\n    pub frames: u32,\n}\n\nimpl fmt::Display for FrameData {\n    fn fmt(\u0026self, f: \u0026mut fmt::Formatter\u003c'_\u003e) -\u003e fmt::Result {\n        f.write_fmt(format_args!(\n            \"FrameData (per-second):\\n  - tics: {}\\n  -  fps: {}\",\n            self.tics, self.frames\n        ))\n    }\n}\n\nimpl TimeStep {\n    pub fn new() -\u003e TimeStep {\n        TimeStep {\n            last_time: Instant::now(),\n            delta_time: 0.0,\n            frame_count: 0,\n            frame_time: 0.0,\n            run_tics: 0,\n            last_tics: 0,\n            lag: 0.0,\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn delta(\u0026mut self) -\u003e f32 {\n        let current_time = Instant::now();\n        let delta = current_time.duration_since(self.last_time).as_micros() as f32 * 0.001;\n        self.last_time = current_time;\n        self.delta_time = delta;\n        delta\n    }\n\n    /// Increments self time and returns current lag. `run_this` is run only for\n    /// `n` tics available.\n    pub fn run_this(\u0026mut self, mut run_this: impl FnMut(f32)) {\n        let dt = self.delta();\n        self.lag += dt;\n        while self.lag \u003e= MS_PER_UPDATE {\n            run_this(dt);\n            self.lag -= MS_PER_UPDATE;\n            self.run_tics += 1;\n        }\n    }\n\n    pub fn frame_rate(\u0026mut self) -\u003e Option\u003cFrameData\u003e {\n        self.frame_count += 1;\n        self.frame_time += self.delta_time;\n        let tmp;\n        let tmp2;\n        // per second\n        if self.frame_time \u003e= 1000.0 {\n            tmp = self.frame_count;\n            tmp2 = self.last_tics;\n            self.frame_count = 0;\n            self.frame_time = 0.0;\n            self.last_tics = self.run_tics;\n            return Some(FrameData {\n                tics: self.run_tics - tmp2,\n                frames: tmp,\n            });\n        }\n\n        None\n    }\n}\n\nimpl Default for TimeStep {\n    // shutup clippy!\n    fn default() -\u003e Self {\n        Self::new()\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":27,"address":[830752],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[830856,830940],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[831040],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[831054],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[831136],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[831149],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":50,"address":[831171],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[831247],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":52,"address":[831262],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":58,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":63,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[],"length":0,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[831280],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[831304,831366],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[831331],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[831346],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[831400],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[831410],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[831417],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[831424],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":79,"address":[831432],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":80,"address":[831477],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[831491,831438],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":86,"address":[831387],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":92,"address":[831520],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":93,"address":[831528],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":30},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmatelnet","src","bin","gemmatelnetd.rs"],"content":"fn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n}","traces":[{"line":1,"address":[116192,116144],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":1}},{"line":2,"address":[116148],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":1,"coverable":2},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","bin2hex.rs"],"content":"use std::fs::File;\nuse std::io;\nuse std::io::{BufReader, Read};\nuse clap::{Arg, Command, ArgAction, ValueEnum};\n\n#[derive(Debug)]\nstruct CliArgs {\n    input: String,\n}\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft!\");\n    // Set up the command line arguments\n    let matches = Command::new(\"my_program\")\n        .about(\"Processes an input file and outputs it with a specified bit width\")\n        .arg(\n            Arg::new(\"input\")\n                .help(\"The input file to process\")\n                .required(true)\n                .index(1),\n        )\n\n        .get_matches();\n\n    // Parse the command-line arguments\n    let args = CliArgs {\n        input: matches.get_one::\u003cString\u003e(\"input\").unwrap().to_string(),\n    };\n\n    // Use the parsed arguments\n    println!(\"Input file: {}\", args.input);\n\n    // behave like a shift register and load each character from the file 1 by 1.\n    let results = read_file_to_bools(\u0026args.input);\n    for result in results.unwrap().bytes() {\n        print!(\"0x{:02x}, \", result.unwrap());\n    }\n}\nfn read_file_to_bools(file_path: \u0026str) -\u003e io::Result\u003cVec\u003cu8\u003e\u003e {\n    // Open the file\n    let file = File::open(file_path)?;\n    let mut reader = BufReader::new(file);\n\n    let mut bytes = Vec::new();\n    reader.read_to_end(\u0026mut bytes)?;\n\n    let mut output = Vec::new();\n    let mut current_byte = 0u8;\n    let mut bit_index = 0;\n\n    for \u0026byte in \u0026bytes {\n        // Convert ASCII character '1' or '0' to boolean, skip any other characters\n        let bit = match byte {\n            b'1' =\u003e true,\n            b'0' =\u003e false,\n            _ =\u003e continue,  // Skip non-'1' or '0' characters\n        };\n\n        // Set the appropriate bit in the current byte\n        if bit {\n            current_byte |= 1 \u003c\u003c (7 - bit_index);  // Set the bit at the correct position\n        }\n\n        bit_index += 1;\n\n        // Once we have filled 8 bits, push the byte and reset\n        if bit_index == 8 {\n            output.push(current_byte);\n            current_byte = 0;\n            bit_index = 0;\n        }\n    }\n\n    // If there are remaining bits, push the last byte (it will be partially filled)\n    if bit_index \u003e 0 {\n        output.push(current_byte);\n    }\n\n\n\n    Ok(output)\n}\n\n","traces":[{"line":11,"address":[250928,253074],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":12,"address":[250950],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":14,"address":[251331,251256,251007],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":17,"address":[251089,251161],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[251513,251344],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[251740],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":34,"address":[251817],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[252086,252189,252329],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":36,"address":[252584,252701,252965],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":39,"address":[254208,253120,254264],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":41,"address":[253153,253251],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[253219],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":44,"address":[253330],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":45,"address":[253458,253390,253552],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[253540],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":48,"address":[253585],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[253593],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[253683,253612,253777],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":53,"address":[253798],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":54,"address":[253966],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[253976],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[253984,254093],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[254014,254095],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":64,"address":[253994,254139,254117],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[254203,254124],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":68,"address":[254157],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":69,"address":[254184],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":70,"address":[254192],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":75,"address":[253765],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[253901],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":81,"address":[253827],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":31},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","ch8asm.rs"],"content":"use std::fs;\n// Ch8Asm\n// Converts well formed CH8ASM.\n// no variables.\n// no labels.\n// nothing fun.\nuse pest::Parser;\nuse pest_derive::Parser;\n\n#[derive(Parser)]\n#[grammar = \"chip8_asm.pest\"]\npub struct Chip8AsmParser;\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n\n\n\n    let unparsed = fs::read_to_string(\"resources/test/gemma_disassembler_1_chip_logo_ch8_asm.asc\").expect(\"Unable to read input\");\n\n    let file = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::file, \u0026unparsed).expect(\"Unable to parse.  Try again.\")\n        .next().unwrap();\n\n    for record in file.into_inner() {\n        match record.as_rule() {\n            Rule::instruction =\u003e {\n                println!(\"INSTRUCTION = {:?}\", record.into_inner().flatten())\n            }\n            _ =\u003e {\n                println!(\"UNHANDLED PART.\");\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nmod test {\n    use super::*;\n\n    #[test]\n    fn bits_all_parse() {\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::instruction, \"CLS\")\n        );\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::parameter, \"0x01\")\n        );\n        let parsed = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::comment, \"; comment\").unwrap();\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"PARSED COMMENT -\u003e {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        let parsed =\n            Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"CLS ; comment\").unwrap();\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"RULE PAIR THING: {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        let parsed = Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADDI 0x01 ; comment\");\n        for i in parsed {\n            println!(\"RULE PAIR THING: {:?}\", i);\n        }\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD ADD ADD\")\n        );\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD 0x01 0x02 ; Comment\")\n        );\n\n        println!(\"PARSED: {:?}\",\n                 Chip8AsmParser::parse(Rule::record, \"ADD 0x01 0x02 ; Comment\")\n        );\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":14,"address":[200576,201827,201921],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":15,"address":[200583],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":19,"address":[200639],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[200786,200710],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[201280,201865,201236,201045],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":25,"address":[201344,201427],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[201572,201699,201448],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[201527,201836],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":8},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","src","bin","ch8disasm.rs"],"content":"use std::path::Path;\nuse clap::{command, Parser};\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions;\nuse gemma::chip8::instructions::Chip8CpuInstructions::XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION;\n\n/// ch8disasm\n///\n/// Provide disassembled version of the CH8 file provided.\n#[derive(Parser)]\n#[command(version, about, long_about = None)]\nstruct DisassemblerApp {\n    #[arg(short)]\n    input_file: Box\u003cPath\u003e,\n    #[arg(short)]\n    output_file: Option\u003cBox\u003cPath\u003e\u003e,\n}\n\nstruct Disassembler {}\nimpl Disassembler {\n    pub fn disassemble(from_data: Vec\u003cu8\u003e) -\u003e String {\n        let mut working_instruction: u16 = 0x0000;\n\n        // read the input data and loop through it byte by byte.\n        let mut output_string = String::new();\n\n        for (offset, byte) in from_data.iter().enumerate() {\n            working_instruction = (working_instruction \u003c\u003c 8) | (*byte as u16);\n            if offset % 2 != 0 {\n                let decoded = Chip8CpuInstructions::decode(working_instruction);\n                let decoded_string = decoded.to_string();\n                let mut current_parts = String::new();\n\n                match decoded {\n                    XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION =\u003e {\n                        current_parts = format!(\"DW 0x{:04x}\", working_instruction);\n                    }\n                    _ =\u003e {\n                        current_parts = format!(\"{}\", decoded);\n                    }\n                };\n\n                let target_length: i32 = 25;\n                let spacing_length = target_length.saturating_sub(current_parts.len() as i32);\n\n                // now add the rest after the string\n                let x = spacing_length as usize;\n                current_parts = format!(\"{}{:\u003cx$}; Bytes [0x{:04x}] offset [0x{:04x}]\\n\", current_parts, \" \", working_instruction, offset -1);\n                //   println!(\"SHOULD OUTPUT: [{current_parts}]\");\n                output_string = output_string.to_string() + \u0026*current_parts.to_string();\n\n                working_instruction = 0x0000;\n            }\n        }\n\n        output_string\n    }\n}\n\nfn main() {\n    println!(\"Taxation is Theft\");\n    let result = DisassemblerApp::parse();\n    println!(\"PREPARING TO DISASSEMBLE {:?}\", result.input_file.file_name());\n\n\n    let source_file = result.input_file.to_str().unwrap();\n    let decompiled_program = Disassembler::disassemble(\n        std::fs::read(source_file).unwrap()\n    );\n\n\n    match result.output_file {\n        None =\u003e {\n            println!(\"Output to console.\");\n            println!(\"OS: \\n\\n{}\", decompiled_program);\n        }\n        Some(target) =\u003e {\n            println!(\"Output to {:?}\", target);\n            std::fs::write(target, decompiled_program).unwrap();\n        }\n    }\n}\n\nmod test {\n    #[test]\n    fn smoke() { assert!(true); }\n\n    #[test]\n    fn assemble_test_file() {\n\n    }\n}","traces":[{"line":20,"address":[428704,433113],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":21,"address":[428746],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":24,"address":[428772],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":26,"address":[428903,428831,429185],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":27,"address":[429227],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":28,"address":[429273],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":29,"address":[429287],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":30,"address":[429351],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":31,"address":[429366],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":33,"address":[429417],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":35,"address":[430123,429969,429705],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":37,"address":[430551],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":38,"address":[430288,430409],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":42,"address":[428735],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":43,"address":[430629,430561,430273],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":46,"address":[430636],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":47,"address":[432540,430978,431597,432061,431217,432293,431121,431829],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":49,"address":[432682,433072],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":51,"address":[433021],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":55,"address":[429128],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":59,"address":[435003,433136,434933],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":60,"address":[433143],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":61,"address":[433207],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":62,"address":[433228,433335,433461],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":65,"address":[433530,433682],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":67,"address":[433698],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":71,"address":[433975],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":73,"address":[434237,434004],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":74,"address":[434366],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":76,"address":[434033],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":77,"address":[434517],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}},{"line":78,"address":[434586],"length":1,"stats":{"Line":0}}],"covered":0,"coverable":32},{"path":["/","home","tmerritt","Projects","trevors_chip8_toy","gemmautil","tests","assmber_tests.rs"],"content":"#[test]\nfn smoke() { assert!(true) }\n\n","traces":[],"covered":0,"coverable":0}]};
     </script>
     <script crossorigin>/** @license React v16.13.1
  * react.production.min.js
diff --git a/gemma/src/chip8/instructions.rs b/gemma/src/chip8/instructions.rs
index 1bf7297..0b20a2a 100644
--- a/gemma/src/chip8/instructions.rs
+++ b/gemma/src/chip8/instructions.rs
@@ -300,8 +300,8 @@ impl Chip8CpuInstructions {
             Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(_) => INST_SKP,
             Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(_, _) => INST_SNEB,
             Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(_, _) => INST_SNEY,
-            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(_) => INST_SNKP,
-            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(x) => INST_STR,
+            Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(_) => INST_SKNP,
+            Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(_) => INST_STR,
             Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(_, _) => INST_SUB,
             Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(_, _) => INST_SUBC,
             Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(_) => INST_SYS,
@@ -329,8 +329,8 @@ impl Chip8CpuInstructions {
                 format!("0x{x:02x}, 0x{byte:02x}")
             }
             // Reg, Reg
-            Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(x, y) |
-            Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(x, y) |
+            SEY(x, y) |
+            LDR_Y(x, y) |
             Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(x, y) |
             Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(x, y) |
             Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(x, y) |
@@ -489,8 +489,44 @@ impl Chip8CpuInstructions {
             INST_RND => {
                 RND(param1 as u8, param2 as u8)
             }
-            INST_DRW => {
-                DRW(param1 as u8, param2 as u8, param3 as u8)
+            INST_SKP => {
+                SKP(param1 as u8)
+            }
+            INST_SKNP => {
+                SKNP(param1 as u8)
+            }
+            INST_LDRD => {
+                LDRD(param1 as u8)
+            }
+            INST_LDRK => {
+                LDRK(param1 as u8)
+            }
+            INST_LDRI => {
+                LDRI(param1 as u8)
+            }
+            INST_BCD => {
+                BCD(param1 as u8)
+            }
+            INST_LDF => {
+                LDFX(param1 as u8)
+            }
+            INST_LDF2 => {
+                LDF2(param1 as u8)
+            }
+            INST_LDIX => {
+                LDIX(param1 as u8)
+            }
+            INST_LIDR => {
+                LIDR(param1 as u8)
+            }
+            INST_LDIS => {
+                LDIS(param1 as u8)
+            }
+            INST_STR => {
+                STR(param1 as u8)
+            }
+            INST_LDD => {
+                LDD(param1 as u8)
             }
             _ => {
                 XXXXERRORINSTRUCTION
diff --git a/gemma/src/constants.rs b/gemma/src/constants.rs
index 21452b5..d02c786 100644
--- a/gemma/src/constants.rs
+++ b/gemma/src/constants.rs
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ pub const INST_LDF2: &str = "LDF2";
 pub const INST_LDIA: &str = "LDIA";
 pub const INST_LDIX: &str = "LDIX";
 pub const INST_LIDR: &str = "LIDR";
-pub const INST_LDIS: &str = "LIDS";
+pub const INST_LDIS: &str = "LDIS";
 pub const INST_LDR: &str = "LDR";
 pub const INST_LDRD: &str = "LDRD";
 pub const INST_LDRI: &str = "LDRI";
@@ -53,9 +53,9 @@ pub const INST_SEY: &str = "SEY";
 pub const INST_SHL: &str = "SHL";
 pub const INST_SHR: &str = "SHR";
 pub const INST_SKP: &str = "SKP";
+pub const INST_SKNP: &str = "SKNP";
 pub const INST_SNEB: &str = "SNEB";
 pub const INST_SNEY: &str = "SNEY";
-pub const INST_SNKP: &str = "SNKP";
 pub const INST_STR: &str = "STR";
 pub const INST_SUB: &str = "SUB";
 pub const INST_SUBC: &str = "SUBC";
diff --git a/gemma/tests/unit_tests.rs b/gemma/tests/unit_tests.rs
index eae71dc..1933133 100644
--- a/gemma/tests/unit_tests.rs
+++ b/gemma/tests/unit_tests.rs
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ use gemma::chip8::util::InstructionUtil;
 use gemma::chip8::video::Chip8Video;
 use gemma::constants::*;
 
-const TEST_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_DIR: &str = "/home/tmerritt/Projects/chip8_toy/resources/test/";
+const TEST_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_DIR: &str = "../resources/test/";
 
 fn read_test_result(suffix: &str) -> String {
     std::fs::read_to_string(TEST_OUTPUT_SAMPLE_DIR.to_owned() + suffix)
@@ -1330,6 +1330,7 @@ fn video_scroll_right_4_row_test_high_def() {
 struct InstructionTest {
     name: String,
     instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions,
+    operands: String,
     asm: String,
     encoded: u16,
 }
@@ -1346,6 +1347,7 @@ fn instructions_name_tests() {
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_SYS.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SYS(0x123),
+            operands: "0x0123".to_string(),
             asm: "SYS 0x0123".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x0123
         },
@@ -1353,207 +1355,310 @@ fn instructions_name_tests() {
             name: INST_CLS.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::CLS,
             asm: "CLS".to_string(),
+            operands: "".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x00E0
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_RET.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::RET,
             asm: "RET".to_string(),
+            operands: "".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x00ee
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_JPA.to_string(),
             instruction: JPA(0x234),
             asm: "JPA 0x0234".to_string(),
-            encoded: 0xb234
+            encoded: 0xb234,
+            operands: "0x0234".to_string(),
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_CALL.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::CALL(0x123),
             asm: "CALL 0x0123".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x2123,
+            operands: "0x0123".to_string()
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_DRW.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(0x01, 0x02, 0x03),
+            operands: "0x01, 0x02, 0x03".to_string(),
             asm: "DRW 0x01, 0x02, 0x03".to_string(),
             encoded: 0xd123
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_JPI.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0x321),
+            operands: "0x0321".to_string(),
             asm: "JPI 0x0321".to_string(),
             encoded: 0xb321
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_SDN.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SDN(0x01),
+            operands: "0x01".to_string(),
             asm: "SDN 0x01".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x00c1
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_SRT.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SRT,
+            operands: "".to_string(),
             asm: "SRT".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x00FB
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_SLF.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SLF,
+            operands: "".to_string(),
             asm: "SLF".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x00FC,
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_EXIT.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::EXIT,
+            operands: "".to_string(),
             asm: "EXIT".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x00FD,
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_DIS.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::DIS,
+            operands: "".to_string(),
             asm: "DIS".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x00FE,
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_ENA.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ENA,
+            operands: "".to_string(),
             asm: "ENA".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x00FF,
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_SEX.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEX(0x01, 0xfa),
+            operands: "0x01, 0xfa".to_string(),
             asm: "SEX 0x01, 0xfa".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x32fa,
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_SNEB.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEB(0x01, 0xab),
+            operands: "0x01, 0xab".to_string(),
             asm: "SNEB 0x01, 0xab".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x41ab,
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_SEY.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SEY(0x1, 0x2),
+            operands: "0x1, 0x2".to_string(),
             asm: "SEY 0x1, 0x2".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x5120
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_LDR.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR(0xa, 0xbe),
+            operands: "0x0a, 0xbe".to_string(),
             asm: "LDR 0x0a, 0xbe".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x6abe,
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_ADD.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ADD(0x01, 0xab),
+            operands: "0x01, 0xab".to_string(),
             asm: "ADD 0x01, 0xab".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x71ab
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_LDRY.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDR_Y(0x1, 0x2),
+            operands: "0x1, 0x2".to_string(),
             asm: "LDRY 0x1, 0x2".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x8120,
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_OR.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::OR(0x1, 0x2),
+            operands: "0x1, 0x2".to_string(),
             asm: "OR 0x1, 0x2".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x8121
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_AND.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::AND(0xb, 0xc),
+            operands: "0xb, 0xc".to_string(),
             asm: "AND 0xb, 0xc".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x8bc2,
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_ORY.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ORY(0xa, 0x3),
+            operands: "0xa, 0x3".to_string(),
             asm: "ORY 0xa, 0x3".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x8a33
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_ADDR.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDR(0x1, 0x2),
+            operands: "0x1, 0x2".to_string(),
             asm: "ADDR 0x1, 0x2".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x8124
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_SUB.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUB(0x4, 0x5),
+            operands: "0x4, 0x5".to_string(),
             asm: "SUB 0x4, 0x5".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x8455
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_SHR.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SHR(0x01, 0x1),
+            operands: "0x1, 0x1".to_string(),
             asm: "SHR 0x1, 0x1".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x8116,
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_SUBC.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SUBC(0xf, 0xa),
+            operands: "0xf, 0xa".to_string(),
             asm: "SUBC 0xf, 0xa".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x8fa7,
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_SHL.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SHL(0x1, 0x4),
+            operands: "0x1, 0x4".to_string(),
             asm: "SHL 0x1, 0x4".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x814e,
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_SNEY.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SNEY(0x4, 0x5),
+            operands: "0x4, 0x5".to_string(),
             asm: "SNEY 0x4, 0x5".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x9450,
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_LDIA.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIA(0xbee),
+            operands: "0x0bee".to_string(),
             asm: "LDIA 0x0bee".to_string(),
             encoded: 0x9bee
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_JPI.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::JPI(0xfee),
+            operands: "0x0fee".to_string(),
             asm: "JPI 0x0fee".to_string(),
             encoded: 0xbfee
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_RND.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::RND(0x1, 0xae),
+            operands: "0x01, 0xae".to_string(),
             asm: "RND 0x01, 0xae".to_string(),
             encoded: 0xc1ae,
         },
         InstructionTest {
             name: INST_DRW.to_string(),
             instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::DRW(0x1, 0x2, 0xf),
+            operands: "0x01, 0x02, 0x0f".to_string(),
             asm: "DRW 0x01, 0x02, 0x0f".to_string(),
             encoded: 0xd12f
+        },
+        InstructionTest {
+            name: INST_SKP.to_string(),
+            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(0x4),
+            operands: "0x04".to_string(),
+            asm: "SKP 0x04".to_string(),
+            encoded: 0xe49e,
+        },
+        InstructionTest {
+            name: INST_SKNP.to_string(),
+            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(0x3),
+            operands: "0x03".to_string(),
+            asm: "SKNP 0x03".to_string(),
+            encoded: 0x83a1
+        },
+        InstructionTest {
+            name: INST_LDRD.to_string(),
+            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(0x4),
+            operands: "0x04".to_string(),
+            asm: "LDRD 0x04".to_string(),
+            encoded: 0xF407
+        },
+        InstructionTest {
+            name: INST_LDRK.to_string(),
+            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(0x6),
+            operands: "0x06".to_string(),
+            asm: "LDRK 0x06".to_string(),
+            encoded: 0xF60A
+        },
+        InstructionTest {
+            name: INST_LDD.to_string(),
+            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(0x02),
+            operands: "0x02".to_string(),
+            asm: "LDD 0x02".to_string(),
+            encoded: 0xF215,
+        },
+        InstructionTest {
+            name: INST_LDRI.to_string(),
+            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(0x01),
+            operands: "0x01".to_string(),
+            asm: "LDRI 0x01".to_string(),
+            encoded: 0xF118,
+        },
+        InstructionTest {
+            name: INST_BCD.to_string(),
+            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(0x4),
+            operands: "0x04".to_string(),
+            asm: "BCD 0x04".to_string(),
+            encoded: 0xF433,
+        },
+        InstructionTest {
+            name: INST_LDF.to_string(),
+            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(0x5),
+            operands: "0x05".to_string(),
+            asm: "LDF 0x05".to_string(),
+            encoded: 0xF529
+        },
+        InstructionTest {
+            name: INST_LDF2.to_string(),
+            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(0x6),
+            operands: "0x06".to_string(),
+            asm: "LDF2 0x06".to_string(),
+            encoded: 0xF630
+        },
+        InstructionTest {
+            name: INST_LDIX.to_string(),
+            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(0x5),
+            operands: "0x05".to_string(),
+            asm: "LDIX 0x05".to_string(),
+            encoded: 0xF555
+        },
+        InstructionTest {
+            name: INST_LDIS.to_string(),
+            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(0xf),
+            operands: "0x0f".to_string(),
+            asm: "LDIS 0x0f".to_string(),
+            encoded: 0xFF18
+        },
+        InstructionTest {
+            name: INST_LIDR.to_string(),
+            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(0x4),
+            operands: "0x04".to_string(),
+            asm: "LIDR 0x04".to_string(),
+            encoded: 0xF485,
+        },
+        InstructionTest {
+            name: INST_STR.to_string(),
+            instruction: Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(0xa),
+            operands: "0x0a".to_string(),
+            asm: "STR 0x0a".to_string(),
+            encoded: 0xF000
         }
-        /*
-            0xE09E..=0xEFA1 => match last_byte {
-                0x9E => Chip8CpuInstructions::SKP(ubln),
-                0xA1 => Chip8CpuInstructions::SKNP(ubln),
-            0xF007..=0xFF65 => match last_byte {
-                0x07 => Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRD(ubln),
-                0x0A => Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRK(ubln),
-                0x15 => Chip8CpuInstructions::LDD(ubln),
-                0x18 => Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIS(ubln),
-                0x1E => Chip8CpuInstructions::ADDI(ubln),
-                0x29 => Chip8CpuInstructions::LDFX(ubln),
-                0x30 => Chip8CpuInstructions::LDF2(ubln),
-                0x33 => Chip8CpuInstructions::BCD(ubln),
-                0x55 => Chip8CpuInstructions::LDIX(ubln),
-                0x65 => Chip8CpuInstructions::LDRI(ubln),
-                0x75 => Chip8CpuInstructions::STR(ubln),
-                0x85 => Chip8CpuInstructions::LIDR(ubln),
-
-         */
     ];
 
     for current in it {
@@ -1563,6 +1668,7 @@ fn instructions_name_tests() {
         assert_eq!(i.to_string(), current.asm);
         let asm = Chip8CpuInstructions::from_str(&current.asm);
         assert_eq!(i.to_string(), asm.to_string());
+        assert_eq!(i.operands(), current.operands);
     }
 }
 
@@ -1614,7 +1720,10 @@ fn instruction_test_scrolling_lowres() {
 
 #[test]
 fn computer_dump_keypad_to_string() {
-
+    let mut x = Chip8Computer::new();
+    x.keypad.push_key(0x1);
+    x.keypad.push_key(0x2);
+    assert_eq!(read_test_result("test_keypad_to_string.asc"), x.dump_keypad_to_string());
 }
 
 #[test]
diff --git a/resources/roms/mondrian.ch8 b/resources/roms/mondrian.ch8
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..14ec599
Binary files /dev/null and b/resources/roms/mondrian.ch8 differ
diff --git a/resources/test/test_keypad_to_string.asc b/resources/test/test_keypad_to_string.asc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a9ca5d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/test/test_keypad_to_string.asc
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+|*|*|3|c|
+|4|5|6|d|
+|7|8|9|e|
+|a|0|b|f|